英语翻译训练

2011-5-23 translation 11
5. Some predictions are forced by the exigencies of plotting, and no one is more surprised than the science-fiction writer when it turns out that he has hold of something. 6. possibly this knowledge was taken from many years of close observation of cause and effect, and logical deductions made from these observations by men with very astute minds. 7. It does seem strange to think that only a century and half ago dinosaurs were quite unknown. Dinosaurs were still to be discovered, studied and described.
2011-5-23
translation
4
(3) Turn a passive sentence into a causative construction in Chinese. Characteristics of this construction are; A) The doer of the action is not named; B) the construction contains such words 使, 把, 由, 让;C) The action involved in the passive is stressed.
e.g. 1. When action is required to preserve our nation security, we will act. e.g. 2. It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. e.g. 3. Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan .
2011-5-23
translation
12
8 Africa was suddenly on the stage of the world and Africans had to be dealt with in a way they had never been dealt with before. 9. A national link-up of computers could mean that a large amount of information will be supplied to anyone who uses the system. 10. The expansion of metals on hearing must be taken into consideration before a long metal bridge is built. 11. Visitors are required to leave their coats in the cloak-room.
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
2011-5-23
translation
9
e.g. 1 It is generally accepted that matter is in constant motion and in constant change 人们公认物质是在不断运动和不断变化之中． e.g.2 it is hoped that men will be honest, but from a higher motive than because honesty is the best policy. 希望人是正直的，但这不是因为正直是最好的政 策，而是出于更高的动机．
e.g.1 The economic reform must be carried out to the end. e.g.2 The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. e.g.3 Most letters from his wife are read to him by the nurse in the hospital. e.g.4 No redundant words are allowed to be inserted into the translated version.
2011-5-23
translation
2
I. From English to Chinese
(1) When translating a passive English sentence into an active Chinese one, leaving the position of the subject and the predicate unchanged. e.g. 1.The whole country was armed in a few weeks. 2. The sense of inferiority that he acquired in youth has never been totally eradicated. 3. Since the first test of atomic bomb the world has learned that atom can be split and its power can be used.
2011-5-23 translation 5
(4 ) Turn a passive sentence into an active Chinese with predicative 是…的
e.g.1 The decision to attack was not taken lightly. e.g.2 Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. e.g.3 Barrymore then continued his walk down the alley. His (sir Charles’s ) body was found at the end of it.
2011-5-23 translation 8
B . With subjects
1. it is asserted that 2. it is believed that 3. it is generally considered that 4. it is well known that 5. it will be said that 6. it was told that 7. it is generally accepted that .
2011-5-23
translation
3
(2) Translation from a passive English sentence into an active Chinese one involves a change of word order. That’s to say, the Subject is changed into the object in Chinese
2011-5-23
translation
6
(5.) Turn the passive English sentences into passive Chinese sentences with words such as “被, 给, 遭, 受, 为…所”etc.
e.g.1 Running water has long been used to turn the wheels of industry. e.g.2 If you subject this precision instrument to high temperature, it will be seriously damaged. e.g.3 Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory. e.g.4 I was seized with sadness as I thought of how the ancient city had been spared during the second World War and now would be destroyed by an impending riot.
Translation of Passive Voice
As we know, the passive voice is more commonly used in English than in Chinese, especially in the writing of science and technology. In the sentence in which the doers are not necessarily told or not known, the passive voice is used. and sometimes for the sake of the connection of the context, there occurs the passive voice.
2011-5-23
translation
10
Exercise 1. 将下列句子译成中文
1. Memoranda were prepared in advance of private meetings on matters to be discussed. 2. He said he was assured by the State Department that the U.S.A is willing to normalize relations with his country. 3. The visitor was flattered and impressed. 4. It was essential, of course, that the game be played in passionate seriousness. Each purchase must be carefully considered and, necessarily supported by arguments.
2011-5-23
translation
1
Marked difference exists between Chinese and English with regard to the use of the passive voice construction. The passive voice is much used in English but on a limited scale in Chinese. When you translate sentences of passive voice , you shouldn’t translate the original mechanically. Sometimes, many passive sentences in English have to be turned into active ones in Chinese. So it is important to know some techniques in translation of the passive sentences. The following are some points for attention in doing this kind of translation.
2011-5-23
translation
7
(6) Pay attention to the following commonly used sentence patterns.
A. With no subject: 1. it is hoped that … 2. it is reported that … 3. it is said that … 4. it is supposed that … 5. it must be admitted that … 6. it must be pointed out that … 7. it will be seen from this that…