单复数变化规则

一、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:

二、 1.一般情况加s : book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses

girl---girls

2.以s 、sh 、ch 、x结尾的加es : class--- classes box----boxes

match----matches

3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es: city---cities country----countries

party----parties factory----factories

4.以o结尾的词+es的只有以下词:heroes、Negroes 、tomatoes potatoes 、

zeroes/zeros

以o结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s：radios、zoos、bamboos 、(pianos 、photos)

5.以f，fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es :

thief ，wife ，life，knife，wolf，half，leaf，shelf

eg. The thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and kni ves in half of

her life.

二、不规则的可数名词的变化规则:

1.man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, goose-geese child-children,

mouse-mice,

2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss.

3.以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化.

man servant-men servants. (boy/girl students

三、名词词尾的读音规则:

A. 在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups，hats，cakes，roofs

B. 在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses.

C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives.

D.以th结尾的词原来读[s ] 加词尾后多数读[z ] 如: mouth-mouths path-paths ;

但是也有不变化的，如: month-months, ninth-ninths, youth-youths.