1）Listing列举
first，second，third
firstly，secondly，thirdly
first，furthermore，finally
in the first place，in the second place，finally
last but not least
first and most important
to begin with，next，then，finally
the former…the latter the first step，the second step，the
next step
2）Illustrating（giving examples）说明（举例）
for example（f．e．）including
for instance（i．d．）mainly
namely such as
3）Emphasizing强调
obviously certainly
undoubtedly especially
surely above all
indeed most important of all
in fact most importantly
very likely
4）Paralleling并列
or that is，that's to say not only…but（also）
and in other words both…and as well as
neither…nor either…or
5）Adding补充
also（too）gain furthermore
further moreover what is more
then in addition besides
as well（as）
6）Comparison and Contrast比较与对照
comparatives：the same…as；be similar to；and…．，too；（比较连接词）and…so…；not…and…not…，either；not …neither…；both…and…；neither…nor…；
Just as…，so…；resemble；have…in common；
There are similarities between…and…
in the same way；equally important；
similarly
Contrastive：be…adj．/adv．+ er…than；more…than…；（对照连接词）less…than…；not so…as；Unlike…/
Contrary to…/As opposed to…；Although/
Whereas/While；contrast with/differ from/
be different from；however/on the other
hand/in contrast
7）Time时间
now in the past until
soon recently after a while
later nowadays not long after
then while in the mean time
before since meanwhile
8）Space Order空间
under the table in the distance
on the hilltop across the river
in front of the room next to the door
in the back of the room on the front wall
on the tenth floor along the street
nearby far away
inside the house outside the school
behind the cupboard by the window
round the corner on the opposite side of the street at the foot of the mountain at the bottom of the sea
9）Cause and Effect因果
since so…that…
because thus
because of this/that hence
because of the fact that therefore
as a result accordingly
as a result of otherwise
be due to be responsible for consequently cause
be a consequence of lead to
as a consequence of contribute to
be the reason for result in follow from bring about result from give rise to 10）Concluding总结
in conclusion to conclude
to sum up in brief
at last in short finally
11）Qualifying转折（限定）
but however （al）though yet except for nevertheless of course after al clearly
still
