现在完成时用法大全

现在完成时态

1. 用法：①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调结果.常用的时间状语有many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，so far, by now等。②表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于延续性动词，常常与so far、for或者since短语连用。since + 时间点 /从句，for + 时间段，如for two months等。

2. 现在完成时的构成 have has+过去分词

3. 现在完成时的四个基本句型

肯定句 He has finished the work. 一般疑问句 Has he finished the work

否定句 He has not finished the work. 两回答 Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.

特殊疑问句 What has he done

4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时

1九词语

①already 已经肯定句中或句尾 : I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.

②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾例：I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet

③ever曾经句中例：Have you ever seen pandas

④never从不句中例：I have never been to Beijing.

⑤just刚刚句中例：I have just done my work.

⑥before以前句尾例：I have never been there before.

⑦so far到目前为止例：So far he has learnt 200 words.

⑧how long多久例：How long have you lived here

⑨how many times多少次例：How many times has he been to Beijing

2两词组

havegone to去了某地(没回来 ) 例：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)

havebeen to去过某地 (回来了) 例：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)

3两结构

for two months for +一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months. since last year since +过去点时间 Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.

since 3 years ago since 1990 since he came here

since +过去时态句子 He has been in China since he came here. 4如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。例：Have you lost your library book 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗 5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型

They have planted many trees in the last few years. 在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。

This is the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。

It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。6. 在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用

例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）

因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种：

① He has bought the book.. (去掉一段时间for 3 years)

② He bought the book 3 years ago (改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)

③ Its 3 years since he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the b

（改为固定句型 It is ---since---）

④ He has not bought the book for 3 years. （改为否定句）

⑤ He has had the book for 3 years. （用延续性动词have代替buy）

6. 还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，改法各不相同，举例如下：

①come/arrive/get to/reach → be here

例：I have come here for 3 years.（错）改为：I have been here for 3 years.

②leave/go →be away

例：He has left for 3 hours.（错）改为：He has been away for 3 hours.

③begin/start →be on

例The film has begun for 3 minutes.（错）改：The film has been on for

3 minutes.

④open →be open / close → be closed

例：The shop has opened for 3 years.(错) 改：The shop has been open for

3 years.

⑤die →be dead

例：His father has died for 3 years.(错) 改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.

⑥finish/end→ be over

例：He has finished the work for 3 days.(错) ：The work has been over for 3 days

⑦join 例：I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）

改为：I have been in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for

3 years.

⑧buy /catch → have

例：I have bought the bike for 3 years.（错）改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.

例：He has caught a cold for 3 days.（错）改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.

⑨borrow → keep

例：I have borrowed the book for 3 years. （错改：I have kept the book for 3 years.