被动语态
一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：
例：⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class.
→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.
⑵Ｗe laughed at him .
→ He was laughed at by us.
二：时态动词的被动形式
1、一般现在时 is done
He is asked to do this.
2、一般过去时 was done
The story was told by her mother.
3、一般将来时 will be done
The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4、现在进行时 am/is/are being done
The novel is being written.
5、过去进行时 was/were being done
At that time the desk was being made.
6、现在完成时 has been done
The house has been built.
7、过去完成时 had been done
They said that their work had been finished.
8、过去将来时 would be done
He said the trees would be planted soon.
三、被动语态的各种句型：
１、 The song is liked by young people. (肯定句)
２、 The song isn’ t liked by young people（否定句）
３、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）
４、 Who is the song liked by ? （特殊疑问句）
四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：
⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语
⑵动词改为变动形式 be done(同时注意时态)
⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词 by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去
例： The man killed a tiger.
→ A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)
五、特殊句型的被动语态：
1 含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子,在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带 to 的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的 to 再加上去，另外 help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带 to,也可不带 to, 但在被动语态中也必须把 to 加上去。
例：①Mother often makes me do some housework.
→I am often made to do some housework by mother.
②We saw him run into the classroom.
→He was seen to run into the classroom by us.
2 .带双宾语的被动语态： teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell
例：①Ｓ he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.
→I was given a pen by her.
→A pen was given to me by her.
②My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me. →I was bought a new bike by my father.
→A new bike was bought for me by my father.
3 由不及物动词（vi） +介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。
例：①Ｗe should speak to old people politely.
→Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).
②He took away the box..
→The box was taken away by him.
4. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时 doing 不变。
I heard Tom singing just now.
Tom _____ ________ _____ by me just now .
5.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。We should take care of the old .
The old should ______ ________ _____ _____ .
有些词组没有被动语态： sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well wash well
六、没有被动语态的动词：
1.大多数系动词： be , feel (摸起来)， sound(听起来)， look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。
例：①Ｔ he skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。
②Many changes have happened in our hometown.
③The film lasted for 3 hours.
被动语态配套练习：
一、单项选择：
( ) 1. English ____ in Canada.
A.speaks
B.are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is spoken
( ) 2. This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings
B. often sang
C. is often sang
D. is often sung ( ) 3. This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
( ) 4. New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used
B. are using
C. are used
D. have used
( ) 5. Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep
B. be kept
C. to be kept
D. to keep
( ) 6. A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
