人教版初一英语下册-各单元知识点总结
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人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
一、单词与词组Join: 表示“参加,加入”,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中的成员。Join the army 参军join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部
乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano
非乐器类+ the
play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton (英式足球/ 篮球/ 排球/英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球)Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事Be good with 与…相处得好Be good to 对…友好=be friendly to Be good for 对…有好处Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作;like doing sth. 强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 讲故事tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不要做某事Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事Call at 用于打某人的电话e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”,“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词,表示目的地。1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家?2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。3)She often does some shopping on his way home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home是名词,表示具体地点。
1) Is she at home? 她在家吗?2)He left his book at home. 他把书放在家里了。Go home 回家get home 到家at home 在家also 也,而且;较正式,用于肯定句,紧跟动词。
I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我能说英文也能说中文。too 多用于口语,放在句末。Me too. either 多用于否定句,放在句末。He hasn’t finished, either. 他也没有完成。Show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb. 展示给某人看Show time 作秀时间,表演开始talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
时间连词:when=while 当…时then 然后after that 在那之后at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about +时间点
for breakfast/lunch/dinner… 睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿反:get up
起床Time 表时间,不可数;表次数,可数。Some times 几次sometimes 有时some time
一段时间sometime 某个时候系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态)tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/
摸起来像…either…or
…二选一neither…nor… 两者都不连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即"就近原则"。
e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。
Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装;
表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。e.g. Here it is!
Here he comes. (代词不倒装) Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus. (名词倒装)
关于时间的问法(1)以when提问,―什么时候‖可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间点①When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候?②My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
many students是单指学生数量多,侧重数量
many of the students是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分
too…太…
1.
too much意为“太多”,+不可数名词/+动词。e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday . 昨天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much . 她说话太多。much too意思是“过分,太”,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,
8 much too+形容词或副词,不+动词。
e.g.The question is much too difficult . 这道题太难了。You’
re walking much too fast . 你走得太快了。 2.too…to…太…而不能….e.g. You are never too young to study. 同:so…that…太…以至于… e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat. =The river runs so quickly that people can’t row a boat to across the river.
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class. 一、词组school rules 学校规章制度break the rules 违反规章制度make the rules 制定规章.. in the hallways 在过道in the music room 在音乐教室里in the dining hall 在餐厅be in bed 在床上be late for…迟到listen to music 听音乐wash my clothes 洗衣服make dinner 做饭have to do 不得不做too many+名词复数; too much +不可数名词“太多” by ten o’clock 十点之前on school nights 上学的晚上on weekends 在周末go to the children’s palace 去少年宫after school 放学后sports shoes 运动鞋gym class 体育课二、句型(1)Don’t arrive late for class.
9 (2)We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. (3)--What else do you have to do? -- We have to clean the classroom. (4)--Can we wear hats in school? --Yes, we can/ No, we can’t. (5)--Do you have to wear a uniform at school? --Yes, we do /No, we don’t. (6) What are the rules at your school?
(7)重难点精析:祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。如:Be quiet,please. 否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。如:Don’t be angry. 2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:Open you books, please. 否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如:Don’t eat in the classroom. 3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:Let me help you. Let’s go at six o’clock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如:Let’s not watch TV. 4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如:No smoking! 严禁吸烟!No talking! 不许交谈!
No passing!
禁止通行!No parking! 不许停车!
Must与have to 1.must表主观看法,主观上的必要have to 表客观需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)2. have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must