外贸英语写作总复习

Unit 11. 很高兴收到你关于商务信件格式资料等的请求。

I was happy to receive your request for information about business letter formats.2. 能在新的商务函授课程准备上给阁下提供帮助深感荣幸。

I am glad to be able to help you in this way in the preparation of your new business correspondence.3. 如不能清晰地表达，就不可能在商界取得成功。

There is no success in the business world for someone who is unable to express himself or herself clearly.4. 良好的沟通能力是商界成功人士的关键所在。

The ability to communicate well is a key attribute of the successful business executive.5. 感谢阁下5月13日的来函，并在信中阁下问及彼人对有效沟通能力在商界重要性的意见。

Thank you for your letter of May 13, in which you asked for my views on the importance in the business world of the ability to communicate effectively.6.无论信息自身多么坚强有力，只有当信件的信息传递无误才能有效。

No matter how strong and powerful the message is in itself, it can be effective only if the letter which conveys the message is faultless.7. 应当使用明了的语言，以使收信人能理解商务信函。

Lesson 1 International Business(1) International business: it refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.(2) Commodity trade: exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.(3) Licensing: in licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks, brand names, patents, copyrights or technology.(4) Franchising: it can be regarded as a special form of licensing. Under franchising, a firm, called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty.(5) Franchiser: it can be develop internationally and gain access to useful information about the local market with little risk and cost, and the franchisee can easily get into a business with established products or services.(6) Management contract: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized servicesto another within a particular period for a flat payment of a percentage of the relevant business volume.(7) International turnkey project: a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. Projects are often large and complex and take a long period to complete.1. (1) Please tell the difference between international business and domestic business.International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The followings are some major differences between the two:1. The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.2. Different countries usually use different currencies and the parties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards convertion etc. uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency.3. Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc. often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business.4. Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business.(2) Please explain the differences between visible trade and invisible trade. Which is becoming more and more important and accounts for an increasing proportion in international trade?International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption of resale in another. This form of trade is also referred to as visible trade. Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. gradually became more and more important. This type of trade is called invisible trade. Thday, the contribution of service industries of the developed countries constitutes over 60% of their gross domestic products and account for an increasing proportion of world trade.(4) Please elaborate on the two categories of international investment. What is their major difference?The first kind of investments, foreign direct investments or FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country.The second kind of investment, portfolio investment, refers to purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Such financial assets may be stocks, bonds or certificates of deposit.(5) Why do firms sometimes choose it as a means of entering a foreign market?Firms choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to start business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty. Besides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management.(6) How is it different from licensing?In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.(7)Under what condition is a management contract most applicable?When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts may be a practical choice enabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.(8) In what way is its variant BOT different from it?BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project.5. Translation:（1）国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。

外研版八年级英语上册写作复习知识点归纳本文档旨在归纳外研版八年级英语上册的写作复知识点，帮助学生复并提高写作能力。

1. 书信写作书信是我们日常生活中重要的交流方式之一。

在书信写作中，我们需要注意以下几点：- 书信的格式：包括信头、称呼、正文、落款等。

- 书信的开头和结尾：开头可以使用常见的问候语，如"Dear"或"Hello"，结尾可以使用常见的表达方式，如"Yours sincerely"或"Best regards"。

- 书信的内容：要清楚表达自己的意思，使用正确的语法和词汇，慎用口语化的表达方式。

2. 日记写作日记是记录个人生活和感受的一种方式。

在日记写作中，我们需要注意以下几点：- 日记的格式：可以按照日期和时间进行记录，也可以自由发挥。

- 日记的内容：要真实记录当天的事件和自己的感受，可以添加细节和描述。

- 日记的语言：可以使用自己熟悉的语言表达，可以使用感叹句、疑问句等来增强表达的感情色彩。

3. 文章写作在文章写作中，我们需要注意以下几点：- 文章的结构：包括引言、正文和结尾，逻辑严谨，清楚表达自己的观点。

- 文章的语言：使用准确的词汇和语法，句子通顺清晰，注意段落的划分。

- 文章的内容：根据主题进行论述，说明自己的立场和观点，可以使用事实、数据和例子来支持自己的观点。

4. 感谢信和道歉信感谢信和道歉信是特定场合需要写的信件。

写感谢信和道歉信时，我们需要注意以下几点：- 感谢信的内容：表达对他人的感谢之情，可以具体说明对方帮助的地方，并表示自己的感激之情。

- 道歉信的内容：表达自己的歉意，详细说明自己的错误，并表示自己的决心避免类似的错误发生。

以上是外研版八年级英语上册写作复的知识点归纳。

希望以上内容能够帮助同学们更好地备考和提高英语写作能力。

（以上合计186字）。

外研版七年级英语上册期末复习各模块话题作文范文1.假如你是王鹏，你在微信上认识了一位新朋友。

请根据下面表格内的提示信息和要求，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一下你的新朋友。

要求：（1）必须包含表格内所有信息，可适当发挥，使文章通顺、完整；（2）30词左右，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

His first name is Tom. Green is his last name. He is a student. He is 14 years old. He is from America. His favourite sports are football and swimming. He plays football with his friends after school. He likes going swimming on Sunday.2.假如你是Tony,这是你的全家福，请你根据提示，写一篇英语短文介绍一下你的家庭，40词左右，可以适当发挥。

Hello, I am Tony. This is a photo of my family. These are my parents. My mother is a teacher and she works at a school. My father is a manager and he works at a big hotel. My sister and I are students.We are in the same school. I like my family very much.3.假如你是七年级学生李彤，你的学校很大，有一个足球场、一个蔬菜园(vegetable garden)……你很喜欢你的学校。

请你根据图片提示，给你在美国的笔友Susan写一封邮件，介绍你的学校及其布局。

Dear Susan,This time I want to tell you something about my school. Its a big and nice school with a lot of trees.In the middle of our school is a big football field. Behind it, there are three buildings. On the left is the library. On the right is the office building. Between them is the classroom building. There is also a vegetable garden in our school. It*s on the left of the school gate, in front of the dining hall.I like my school very much. How about you?Yours,Li Tong4.张文宏医生认为科学饮食对疫情防控很重要。

国际商务英语复习资料国际商务英语复习资料在当今全球化的时代，国际商务英语的重要性日益凸显。

无论是从事国际贸易、跨国公司工作，还是希望扩大自己的职业发展空间，掌握国际商务英语都是必不可少的。

为了帮助大家更好地复习和掌握国际商务英语知识，本文将提供一些复习资料和方法。

一、商务词汇商务词汇是国际商务英语的基础，掌握一定的商务词汇是进行商务交流的前提。

在复习过程中，可以通过背单词、阅读商务文章等方式来积累商务词汇。

此外，还可以使用商务英语词汇书籍、在线词汇工具等辅助工具来巩固记忆。

二、商务写作商务写作是国际商务英语的重要组成部分。

在商务写作中，要注意使用正式、准确的语言表达自己的观点和意见。

在复习过程中，可以通过模仿商务邮件、商务报告等文档来提升自己的商务写作能力。

同时，也可以阅读商务英语写作指南，学习商务写作的常用句型和表达方式。

三、商务口语商务口语是进行商务交流的重要方式。

在商务口语中，要注意语速、语调、表达清晰等方面。

在复习过程中，可以通过与他人进行商务对话、模拟商务谈判等方式来提升自己的商务口语能力。

同时，也可以参考商务英语口语教材，学习商务口语的常用表达和场景对话。

四、跨文化交际国际商务英语不仅仅是语言的学习，还包括了跨文化交际的能力。

在国际商务交流中，不同的文化背景和价值观会对商务活动产生影响。

在复习过程中，可以通过学习不同国家的商务礼仪、文化差异等来提升自己的跨文化交际能力。

同时，也可以参加国际商务交流活动，与外国商务人士进行交流，亲身感受跨文化交际的挑战和机遇。

五、实践应用复习国际商务英语不仅仅是理论的学习，更重要的是能够将所学知识应用到实践中。

在复习过程中，可以通过参加商务英语角、进行商务模拟演练等方式来锻炼自己的实践应用能力。

同时，也可以参与国际商务项目、实习等机会，将所学知识运用到实际工作中，提升自己的实际操作能力。

总结起来，国际商务英语的复习资料包括商务词汇、商务写作、商务口语、跨文化交际等方面。

函电期末复习资料PARTIWe take pleasure in informing you that the captioned L/C / Letter of credit No.3524 issued by the Bank of New Wales has duly arrived/has just been received.We have received with thanks/pleasure your L/C No.451 for US$...Your L/C No.87 has been duly received with thanks.Thank you for your L/C No.2168 for the amount of $56,000 covering 1000 metric tons of Groundnut Kernels F.A.Q 2005 crop.Thanks for your credit N0.12 covering 3,000 dozen pyjamas.PARTIIOn checking, we find some discrepancies. Please make the following amendments:Upon perusal, we found some points that don’t conform to the terms in the S/C, and would therefore request you to make the following amendments:On examining the L/C carefully,/On going though the clauses, we regretfully find that serveral/certain points are not in conformity with the stipulations in our Contract No…. Please/ Kindly make amendments as follows:PART III…… should be….., instead of …….………is to be….., instead of …….……Should be …. rather than………………should be … not ………..should read “………” (quotation)是……. should be amended to “…………”…….. should be added to “…… ….”The amount both in figures and in words should respectively be/read: “$5000 and Say US Dollars five thousand Only”.Delete …… and replace them by ……Delete …... from …… and put in …Increase …… from …… to ……Reduce … to …Add the wording “………” to ……Add the clause “………………. ”Amend the clause “………” to read “ ……… ”Amend …… to allow/as allowing ……Am end …… to read “……”Amend “CIF” to read “CFR”.Add the clause “The Sellers are allowed to load 5% more or less based on the original unit price and to negotiate in excess of the credit amount.”商议垫付Amend “ 90% of the invoice value” to read “full invoice value”.Amend the clause “Partial shipments and transshipment are prohibited” to read “Partial shipments are allowed. Transshipment is prohibited.”Please amend the credit to allow shipment / as allowing transshipment.PARTIVWe look forward to/are awaiting your early amendments.We look forward to receiving the relevant amendment at an early date and thank you in advance for your cooperation.We hope the L/C amendments will reach us as early as possible.As the stipulated time of shipment is drawing near, please make the requested amendments to the L/C as soon as possible so that we can effect shipment in time.We hope you’ll send us your amendment advice without any delay so as to enable us to effect shipment in time.Patterns conerned with packing:Packing instructions (requirements)Sales packing Packing list Export packingDesignated packing Inner/outer packingLarge/small packingFaulty/ improper /insecure /packingAdequate/suitable /appropriateThis is to inform you th at …This is to advise that …This is to acknowledge….This is to announce that …This is to certify that… 兹This is to introduce ourselves to…用……包装”be wrapped/packed in ………用……装, 每件装多少”in …… of …… eachin …… , each containing …. .i n ……, each consisting of……Our cotton prints are packed in cases lined with 6-ply kraft paper and water proof/damp-resistant plastic sheets, each consisting of 30 pcs(50 yards per piece) in one design with 5 color ways equally assorted.Each pair of Nylon socks is packed in a decorative polybag , 12 pairs to a box, 50 boxes to a carton, 500 cartons in a 20’ FCL container.…to …and…to…The green tea under the captioned contract should be packed in international standard tea boxes of 5 grams each , 24 boxes to a carton, 50 cartons on a pallet, 20 pallets in an 40’FCL container.The quality of your Ginseng wine is fine, but its packing is rather poor.Bottles are subjected/susceptible to breakage and paper boxes are very thin.Please put each bottle in a foam plastic casing and then in a thicker paper box for future orders, otherwise , we shall be compelled to give up this business.Each TV-set is to be wrapped/packed in a plastic-film bag fixed with hard fermented plastic padding, and then put in a carton. Outside, it is to be strengthened by nylon straps.reinforced/strengthened/secured 箍Barcode hangtag desiccantSilicon gelPatterns conerned with INSURANCEinsurance agent/brokerinsurance amountinsurance certificate/policyinsurance endorsement 批单insurance premiuminsurance claiminsurance companyinsurance coverageinsurance ridermarine insurance CICto effect insuranceto arrange insuranceto cover insuranceto provide insuranceto take out insurance/cover按照110%的发票金额For 110% of the invoice cost.For/at 110% of the invoice value/costFor/at 10% over/above the invoice value.For/at invoice value plus 10%.① cover WPA/FPA/All Risks and War Risk with an insurance company.Insure WPA/FPA/against All Risks and against War Risk with an company.LossWith Particular Average WPAFree from Particular Average FPA单独海损部分损失（PA GA ）② cover/effect insurance FPA/WPA/against All Risks on the goods.③cover/ insure the goods FPA/WPA/ against All Risks“To be covered by …… for 110% of the invoicevalue against……as per and subject to……”To be covered by the Sellers for 110% of the invoice value WPA and against Breakage as per and subject to relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clauseof the China Insurance Clause of January 1st, 1981. {If other /broader/widercoverage or an additional insurance amount is required, the Buyers must havethe consent of the sellers before shipment, and the additional/extra premiumis to be borne by the Buyers.Patterns conerned with INSURANCE① 某年某月装运 During / In + 月份 + 年份（先写月，后写年）如：During January 2005 In October 2003During July/August 2003 in two lotsBefore 15 May 2005 Before April 25,2006By the end of November 2005Per/by steamer/vessel during April 2007② 转船/分装with transshipment at/via ……to be transshipped at ……In May 2003 with transshipment at CopenhagenDuring March/ April in two equal monthly shipments, to betransshipped at Hong Kong.During October/November/December 2002, with partial shipments and transshipment allowed.During December 2004, allowing partial shipments and transshipmentTo be effected on or before May 31, allowing partial shipments and transshipmentTo be effected/made not later than 31st January, 2004, allowing partial shipments and transshipmentTransshipment not allowed/ not permitted/ prohibited③ 分批装运说明分几批、是否等量、相隔时间、何时开始In …… equal weekly/monthly/quarterly installments, beginning from…….Shipments/lots/consignments/cargoesstart/commence/begin fre.g. In three equal monthly installments beginning from Junein four equal monthly installments beginning from September with transshipments at Hong kong.During January/February 2005 in two about equal lots.分两批大约平均装运During March/June in four equal monthly lotsIn three shipments of 20 tons each, commencing from OctoberIn three shipments of 100 tons each during June, July and August During January 2003, in one or two lots preferably by direct steamerTo be effected not later than Feb. 28th 2005 in 3 equal lots of 100 tons each starting from Sept. 2004 , each every two months with transshipment prohibited.lodge a claim against/with sb on … for sth…file a claim against sb for sth.Raise/ Put in/register/make a claim against sb for sth.to claim ( a compensation of ) …from sb for sth.claim on sb for sthe.g. We reserve the right to claim compensation from you for any damage.We claimed on the shipping company for the recovery of the loss.make/lodge/lay/file a complaint against sb ..Make/lodge/lay/file a complaint against sb.with a department about sth .Lodge a claim against/with sb on… for …MakeRegisterFileRaisePut incomplain to sb of sth.They complained to us of poor packing .The buyers complained to the seller of the excessive moisture contained in the minerals.单价 Unit Price表达方式： At …… per … CIF….完整的单价包括：①货币的缩写字母、货币的符号②金额③数量单位④贸易术语如： At HK$ 3.5 per yard CIFC2% SingaporeAt US$58 per unit CIF New YorkAt FF5 per dozen CFR NingboAt CA$30.0 per carton CIF Vancouver总值 Total ValueTotal Value: Say ………………… OnlyUS$23,263.68 (Say Total US Dollars Twenty-three Thousand Two Hundred And Sixty-three And Cents/Points Sixty-eight Only.)支付条款 Terms of PaymentTerms of Payment: By irrevocable L/C available by draft at sight By sight L/CBy 100% confirmed, irrevocable, without recourse, transferable and divisible L/C in favor of the Sellers, available/payable by draft at sight upon/against presentation of shipping documents, to reach the Sellers 30 days/a month before/preceding/prior to the date/month/time of shipment and to remain valid for negotiation in China till the 15th day after the final date of shipment.词组翻译：Revolving L/c non-negotiable sea waybillStand-by L/C in quadruplicate color assortmentoffer without engagement meet one’s commitmentsbook a repeat order documents of titleIssuing bank/opening/establishingAdvising/informing/notifying bankConfirming bank Draw a 60 days’draft on…Draw a 60 d/s bill on…Chambers of commerceChinese commercial counsellor’s 0fficeEnter into an agency agreementIn compliance with your requestArouse/evoke one’s interestConclude/strike a bargainFinancial standingSharp en one’s competitive edgeTake the liberty of …Be lined with 内衬…By separate airmailBy express airmailIn this connectionEnquiry agencyFor safety’s sakebe specialized instraight B/Lproforma invoicein strict confidencefinancial and credit standingunder separate covercover note 暂保单offer without engagementcontractual obligationbook a repeat orderin receipt ofreceive one’s attentioncover one’s requirementsout of stock particular /genereal averageavailable from stock out of stockin your favor meet with great favorcompare favorably with on the understanding thatcommand a ready market in strict/full/exact conformity withsee one’s way to draw on sb. for sth.in every respect draw a 60 days’ draft on … for …Blank Endorsement / bearer endorsementfull endorsement / order endorsementpartial shipments compromise proposalintegrity and ability 资信in consideration ofexpedite the relevant L/ceffect shipment illustrated/classified catalogueset forth a 60 d/s bill payment by installmentin question firm offer Outstanding order back orderrepeat order free sample Non-negotiable documents cash against delivery at your earliest conveniencerescind the contract refund the storage chargesin advance/in anticipation go through the necessary formalitiesthe deadline for booking shipping spaceby return airmail find a ready market forin question with the least possible delayfor one’s records/fileserve as a precedentpay by installmentsenjoy priority inat regular intervalscome into one’s possession adhere to customary practiceillustrated catalogue pro-rata shipmentsa 60 d/s bill Confirmed L/Cparticular average financial standingbearer endorsement Non-negotiabledocumentsrepeat ordershipping documentsset forth by speed courier service for one’s records/filetacit understanding 默契 pro-rata shipments a 60 d/s billfinancial and credit standing in exact accordance withenjoy favorable reception book one’s ordernet price clean B/L wooden casesmarket economy Combined bill of ladingto meet one’s requirements to enquire for Invoice value irrevocable L/C documents against payment issuing bank opening bank shipping advice insurance policy fulfill contract履行合同 insurance premium保险费 validity形式发票截止时期舱位倒签提单贷记通知索款通知冒昧特快邮寄精湛的工艺适合海运的包装商务参赞处带插图的目录形式发票卸货港平安险装运单据即期汇票惯例成本运费价申请出口许可证中性包装共同海损资信状况特快邮寄循环信用证领事发票进口许可证支付条款截止时期海关发票保兑行形式发票销售确认书答应某人的要求支付款项提货在规定的时间内与---完全一致适中价格一式两份尽可能提前按照当时的兑换率仓至仓条款为自己的利益；自负盈亏按照相同的意思一式五份 in quintuplicate 没有库存out of stock唛头shipping mark 定金down payment启航 set sail信汇 mail transfer 实盘irrevocable offer /firm offer还盘 counter offer 即装 for prompt shipment试订Trail order 代理行，往来行correspondent保兑行 confirming bank 装箱单packing list签订合同sign a contract 以…为条件 subject to目的港 port of destination 稳定需求steady demand商业发票commercial invoice运费已付freight prepaid与。

外贸函电期末外贸英语函电期末复习题（附答案）一、词汇翻译（中翻英）1、折扣2、建立贸易关系3、发票4、索赔5、信用证6、利息7、目录8、电子商务9、订单10、合同二、词汇翻译（英翻中）1、Insurance2、Packing list3、Sample4、Inquiry5、quote6、brochure7、fax8、quote9、In duplicate 10、Arbitration三、选择题1. We thank you for your letter of May 13 and the _____ catalogue.a. sentb. enclosedc. givend. presented2. We wish to introduce ourselves as a state-run corporation dealing _____ textiles.a. forb. inc. ofd. with3. Please quote us your lowest price CIF London basis for 100 pairs Sports shoes.A onB fromC atD for4. No discount will be allowed you could place an order for more than 500dozen.A untilB unlessC besidesD except5. We will place an order you in the near future.A inB withC forD on6. The buyer demands that the goods within a week.A must shipB should shipC must be shippedD be shipped7. We are willing to enter into business relations with you on the______of equality and mutual benefit.a. baseb. basisc. basesd. based8. What kind of products do you think are particularly interested______ ?a. inb. ofc. /d. on9. Please let us ______ your firm offer before the end of this month.a. hadb. havingc. haved. to have10. ______ we thank you for your enquiry, we regret being unable to make you an offer for the time being.a. Whileb. Whenc. Asd. Since11. If you can ______ your price by 5%, we may conclude the transaction with you.a. offerb. bring downc. fixd. quote12. In this case, the buyer ____ cancel the contract.a. couldb. may have toc. has the right tod. reserve the right to13. _____ the present market trend, we have to say that our price is really the best we can quote.a. Withb. Onc. Becaused. For14. The goods are urgently needed. We _____ hope you will deliver them at once.a. thereforeb. soc. thatd. should15. We thank you for your letter of May 17 and the _____ catalogue.a. sentb. enclosedc. givend. presented16. We ___ your terms satisfactory and now send you our order for 2 sets of the generator.a. findb. believec. thinkd. trust17. We need an agent in that district to help us to ___ our products.a. marketb. sendc. selld. buy18. In this connection, we regret being unable to comply______your request.a. withb. fromc. atd. for19. We look forward to hearing______you again the possibilities of your further orders.a. inb. fromc. atd. on20. They have informed us that you are in the market _____ chemicals.a. inb. ofc. ond. for21. We shall be pleased to receive from you catalogue and samplebooks______airmail.a. byb. atc. ond. in22 We look forward to ______a trial order．a. receivingb. receive from youc. receiptd. receipt your23. We require payment______confirmed irrevocable letter of credit payable by draftat sight.a. inb. ofc. byd. on四、句子翻译1. 我们从商会得知你公司有意购买大量红茶。

英语商务写作复习资料写作复习资料一、填空What principle can you generalize from this example?Concise and clear6C原则准确（Correctness）清楚（Clarity）简明（Conciseness）具体（Concreteness）完整（Completeness）礼貌（Courtesy）Memo:An inter-company or intra-company administrative document ?May be distributed electronically or in hard copyLetter of adjustment：Letters of ComplaintA complaint letter requests some sort of compensation for defective or damaged merchandise or for inadequate or delayed services. While many complaints can be made in person, some circumstances require formal business letters. The complaint may be so complex that a phone call no matter how justified your gripe is. Avoid making the recipient an adversary.Letters of Complaint1. In the letter, identify early the reason you are writing to register a complaint and to ask for2. State exactly either beforeor after the discussion of the problem or the reasons for granting the compensation.3. 4. reasons why this evidence indicates your requested should be granted.5. Suggest why it is in the recipient's best interest to grant your request: appeal to the recipient's sense of fairness, desire for continued business, but Find some way to view the problem as an honest mistake. Don't imply that the recipient deliberately committed the error or that the company has no concern for the customer. Toward the end of the letter, express confidence that the recipient will grant your request.Letters of AdjustmentReplies to complaint letters, often called letters of “adjustment,“ must be handled carefully when the requested compensation cannot be granted. Refusal of compensation tests your diplomacy and tact as a writer. Here are some suggestions that may help you write either type of adjustment letter:1. Begin with a reference to the date of the original letter of complaint and to the purpose of your letter. If you deny the request,2.3. If you deny the request, explain the reasons why the request cannot be granted in as cordial and noncombative manner as possible. If you grant the request, don't sound as if you are doing so in a begrudging way.4. If you deny the request, try to offer5. Conclude the letter cordially, perhaps expressing confidence that you and the writer will continue doing business.What is a job application letter? a taste of what’s to come ― not by simply summarizing the resume, but by application or approach letters. No matter what ’s your opening move.What should be included in a job advertisement?Eye-catching headlineWhat is the position?Body partClose二、MemoMemoTo: John Carter, Regional Sales ManagerFrom: Mary Walden, National Sales DirectorDate: 29 March , 200xSubject: Annual Sales ConferenceThis year’s Annual Sales Conference will take place in our London Branch from 3 April to 8 April.Please book your flight in advance and we will meet all your expenses during your stay there.三、Letter of adjustmentDear Mr. Mahoud,We are sorry to learn from your letter of October 10 that 6 foldable tables were damaged.We have sent the replacements by parcel post this morning. Please return us the damaged tables at our expense.Despite the care we take in packing foldable tables sent by carrier, there have recently been several reports of damage. To avoid further inconvenience and annoyance to customers, we are now seeking the advice of a packaging consultant and hope he will be able to suggest improvements in our methods of handling.We hope the steps we are taking could ensure the safe arrival of all your orders in the future.Your sincerely,四、Order requestMain points:What: What is the product or service you want to know?When: When can they deliver the goods?How: How is the rate of discount, terms of payment etc.Letterheads一般放在整封信的首页最上面中央，有些公司为方便直接将信头印在信笺上端。

一、信函结构1.信头letter head2.日期date3.参考编号reference No.4.封内地址inside address5.经办人姓名attention6.称呼salutation7.标题subject8.结束礼词complimentary close9.签名signature二．英译中business line 业务范围Enclosed is (are) our .. /We enclose our .. 随函附寄.......a (wide/full) range of 广泛的/全面的)范围at your end/in your place(area, district) 在你处（地）date of delivery交货期special discount特殊的折如up-to-date price list 最新价目表available from stock 供现货place a trial order with sb. 向某人试订货（试销）in two originals 原件两份terms and conditions 条款和条件（交易条件，合同条款）book an order 接受订单Sales Confirmation 销售确认书Counter-signature 会签Quadruplicate 一式四份cash against shipping documents 凭单付款D/P at sight 即期付款交单Extension of L/C 信用证的延期packing instruction 包装指示export carton 出口用纸板箱waterproof 防水（的）sales packing 销售包装green package 绿色/环保包装neutral packing 中性包装shipping mark 运输标志warning mark 警告标志port of destination 目的港few and far between 稀少forwarding agent 货运代理a full set of shipping documents 一整套运输单据shipping instruction 装运须知shipping advice 装运通知partial shipment 分批运输booking shipping space 预订船舱Survey report 检验报告On the strength of 凭借Inspection charges 检验费三．中译英（连线）(仅)供参考for one’s reference (only)按照约定as arranged现价current price修改后的订单amended order销售合同Sales contract一式两份in duplicate承兑交单D/A远期付款交单D/P after sight木箱wooden case指示标志indicative mark装船通知shipping advice启运港port of loading卸货港port of discharge...转船transship at. ..已装船清洁海运提单 a clean on board bill of lading班轮scheduled steamer船运公司shipping company已装船on board平安险FPA一切险AR一般附加险general additional risk特殊附加险special additional risk短装short delivery短重short weight四．介词填空Dear Sirs,We confirm having received your inquiry of August 20 for our gold pens CIF London. Complying with your request, we are making you a firm offer as follows:Commodity: Seagull Brand Gold PensSpecification: As per attached listQuantity: 1,000 dozenPacking:In cartons of 100 dozen eachPrice:At 24 per dozen CIFC 5% LondonShipment: During October/ November, 2014.Payment:. By confirmed, irrevocable L/C.This offer is firm, subject to your reply reaching us before September 1.Please note that we have offered you our most favorable price and thus we are unable to entertain any counteroffer.We are hoping that you will accept our offer as soon as possible.Yours faithfully,Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of September 15th , 2014, and the inquiry enclosed for our White Rabbit pajamas.At your request, we are making you a firm offer for 20,000 dozen women' S pajamas at USD 48.5per dz. CFRC 5% Lagos for shipment in March,2014. Payment is to be made by confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight. This offer is firm subject to your reply reaching us within one week. The relevant sample and catalog have been sent by separate mail.Please note all the prices quoted are bottom prices and no counter- offer will be accepted. If you agree to the above, please make confirmation as soon as possible so as to enable us to make the necessary arrangements.We are looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely,Dear Sir or Madam:We wish to refer(1) to the recent exchange of faxes and are pleased to confirm having concluded (2) with you a transaction of 30 metric tons (3) of groundnut kernels. Enclosed is our sales contract No.345 (4) in duplicate which we request that you please countersign and return one copy to us(5) for our file. We trust you will open the relative L/C at an early date.As regards your requirement for Green Beans, we are working on this issue and will manage to let you have an offer some time next week.Yours sincerely，Dear Sirs,We are pleased to have booked (1) with you an order (2) for 300 metric tons of Groundnut Oil. Our order sheet is enclosed and the relative credit will be opened within the next few days.Our buyers have agreed to allow partial shipments. (3) for this order, which will enable you to make shipment (4) within the three months from April to June. We would appreciate it very much if you could try to make shipment in 3 monthly equal lots.It might interest you to know that all our buyers are among the leading dealers (5) of edible oils in this district. It is very likely that they might duplicate their order before the month is out.Your close cooperation will be highly appreciated.Sincerely yours,五．短文填空Dear Sir or Madam:Thank you for your(1)Offer of February20th ,2014and the Teddy Bear sample you kindly sent us.In reply,we(2)regret to say that we cannot accept your offer at your(3)price You may be aware t hat some products of Indian origin have been(4)sold here at a(5)Level about10%lower than you rs.We do think that the quality of your products is better,but the(6)difference in price should n ot be so big.Meanwhile,the current market is also weak.To conclude this(7)transaction we mak e a(8)counter-offer as follows:Teddy Bears as the(9)sample sent to us on February20,2014,US $8per piece CIF London,other terms and conditions as per your letter of February20th ，2014.We await your early(10)acceptance.Yours faithfully,Dear Sirs,We (1) refer to our order No.12 for TV sets, which you are going to use cardboard(2) boxes to pack.We are afraid that cardboard boxes are not (3)Strong enough for transportation by(4)ship, so we propose that the consignment be sent by (5)Container service.What's more, soft packing stuffing material(柔软的填充物) should be used all (6)around the machines, not just under and over. This kind of packing does not(7)cost more, and it can effectively (8)prevent the goods from being damaged by(9)rough handling. We believe these precautions are necessarily taken into(10)account .We hope to receive your letter of confirmation soon.Yours faithfully,六．句子翻译We are a state-operated corporation, handling the export of animal by products and we are willing to enter into business relations with your firm.我们是国营公司，经营动物副产品的出口，我们愿与贵公司建立业务关系。

Part OneYou should do eveiything ------ writing the tile, leaving margins^ indenting，capitalizing, and diving words-■一according to generally accepted rules.I・Arrangement1.Write the title in the middle of the first line. Capitalize the first and last words of the title and all other words (including words following hyphens in compound words) except articles, coordinating conjunctions, prepositions, and the to in infinitives2.No period is used at the end of a tile. [I p2ersgra:f]3.Indent [indent] the first line of every paragraph, leaving a space of about four or five letters, comma 逗号period 句号semicolon 分号colon 冒号question mark 问号exclamation mark 感叹号bracket 括号parentheses 小括号quotation mark 引号hyphen 破折号Do not begin a line with a comma, a period, a semicolon [.semi^oulon], a colon, a question mark or an exclamation mark. Do not end a line with the first half of pair of brackets, parentheses, or quotation marks. The hyphen that indicated a divided word is put at the end, not at the beginning, of a line.II・ Cap it aliza tion [.keepitslai'zeifri] (大写)Capitals are used mainly at three places: the first words if sentences, key words in titles, and proper names.III.Word Division (移行)The general principle is to divide a word according to its syllables and never put the hyphen at the beginning of a line.详见书P3IV.Punetuat ion [.pA^ktiu ei/n](标点)Use a period (full stop) at the end of a complete sentence, however short it is.Do not use a comma to join two coordinate clauses; use a comma and a conjunction, or a semicolon. Make your commas different form your periods・ A comma has a little tail (J; a period is a dot(.), not a tiny circle (。