不规则动词得过去式与过去分词变化规则表1:
1、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式与过去分词三者都相同。cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
2、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。
1)过去式与过去分词都含有ought。bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
fightfoughtfought
2) 词尾有ild,end时,只需把d变为t。build—built—built
lend—lent— lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent— spent
3) 过去式、过去分词都含有aught。catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4) 把eep变为ept。
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep— swept—swept
5) 把ell变为old。
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6) 过去式、过去分词都含有elt或ilt。smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
7) 过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
8) 过去式、过去分词词尾去y变id。say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9) 改变元音字母。
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
lose—lost—lost
10) 改变辅音字母。
make—made—made
11) 改变元、辅音字母。
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
3、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。
1)原形、过去式与过去分词都不相同。
be—was—been
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
2)词尾为ow,aw时,过去式将其变为ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3)词尾为“i＋辅(1个)＋e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(give,hide除外) drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
arise—arose—arisen
4)过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5)过去分词由过去式加ten构成。
forget—forgot—forgotten
6)过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7)词尾为ake时,过去式将其变为ook,过去分词在原形词后加n。take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8)i—a—u变化。
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
4、A—B—A型,即过去分词与原形相同。
e—came—e
bee—became—bee
run—ran—run
5、情态动词型,只有原形与过去式,没有过去分词。can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
不规则动词得过去分词变化规则表2:
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
