以前的研究：过去时，
自己研究中做过的事：过去时，
其他都用：现在时态。
研究发现的可能解释理由用助动词：can, may, might, it seems that, could,
研究结果的评论不确定语气：appear, seem, it is likely that,
二.词汇和常用表达结构
1.图表所示、发现、揭示等
as illustrated(seen, shown, observed) in Fig.1, as is evident from
from Fig.2, from the results,
by observing Fig.2, based on the above analysis,
Fig shows that, the results show,
It is (can be) revealed (proved, suggested, observed, found, concluded, noticed, seen, believed) that, it is clear to see/observe that, it indicates(shows, imply) that, find out，it is evident that , it is assumed that ,
As described below, as seen from, as explained above, as evident from, exhibit
it follows that 由此断定…，由此得出结论…
point out
cast doubt on：对产生怀疑
2.得到、获得、
obtain, get, attain, capture, acquire, achieve, gain,
完成，实现: complete, accomplish, realize,
通过什么方式去做，利用/使用
through/via/by/with doing sth, using sth,
by use of, by means of, make use of, with the aid of
use, employ, utilize, adopt, put to use, put into use, apply,
影响
Affect, influence, impact on, have an effect on,
发生，开始，
occur, take place, happen, commence, begin, start, to start with, to begin with, at the beginning,
显然、明显，
Obviously, distinctly, clearly, significantly, apparently, remarkable, as seen, conspicuous,
striking, dramatically
解释，说明，考虑
Explain, account for, allow for，take account for/of, be indicative of (表明，说明)
Considering, take into account, with/without/in consideration of, regarding, concerning,
描述、提出、说明：
Illustrate, manifest, present, show, indicate, cite, describe, summarize, depict, annotate, appear, take on, plot, demonstrate, propose, put forward, put forth,
比较大小、多少
Less than, greater, more, larger, comparable(可比较的，相当的)
经验的
Empirical, experimental,
做，执行等，
Carry out, conduct, perform, do, implement,
Have a good agreement, in good agreement with, match very well with, agree well with, show good agreement, in full agreement with, in line with
corresponding to/with, consistent with, in good accordance with, coincide with, concord with, fit well with
研究，调查
Study, investigate, explore, exploratory examine, make an investigation on/of/into, carry out a research
达到，To reach this objective
Reach, approach, up to, add up to, come to, arrive, beyond, out of reach,
验证，假设
Validate, verify, justify，hypothesize
Assume, suppose, assumption, hypothesis,
assume to be, it is assumed that… postulate 公设
增加、上升、减少、下降
Increase, decrease, reduce, reduce to, increase by(增加了多少), increase up to(增加到), rise to, give rise to, sth arise, increase with (随…增长/增加)
完全地，基本地，详细地，具体地，深入的,类似地，
Completely, entirely, adequately, mostly, extremely, truly, indeed, really, actually, mainly, primarily, detailed, in detail, in great detail, in more detail, for more details,
Deeper, deeply, better, in depth,
similarly, inadequately, notably, overly(过度地、极度地),
Experimentally,
改善、提高：improve, promote, boost, enhance, facilitate,
相关，包括，大约大概：concerned with, relate to, with regard to,
Be involved in/with, with respect to, be concerned with, as for,
Around, about, approximately,
决定：determine, decide, depend on ,rely on
目的、试图：an attempt to, aim at, in an attempt to, the objective is, in order to, the aim of is to
the aim of this research is to do the purpose is , be aimed at,
经历，保持: hold, keep, undergo, experience, remain, retain,
导致：cause, induce, lead to, result in, originate from, arise from,
根据，基于：according to, in terms of, in the light of, judge by, on the basis of, in view of, based on,
On behalf of, in the form of, referring to, with reference to, in reference to
除了：other than, apart from, with the exception of, except for/that, besides, in addition, additionally,
理论上，事实上：in principle, in practice, in fact, in reality, in theory, theoretically,
从某种程度上：
To some extent, to a large/certain extent, in a way, in a sense, to some degree, in some sense,
from the viewpoints of , from the perspective of,
得出结论：draw a conclusion, come to/reach a conclusion,
推断,猜测：
Infer，derive from, deduce, speculate,
认为，当作
Consider as, regard as, refer to as,
建立模型
establish, create，build，
run/do the simulation
