同步导学于优化训练 外研版英语 八年级 上册

八年级上册英语同步导学与优化训练人教版附卷电子书I. 请从第II栏中找出第I栏各单词的英语解释。

(5分) 1. loudly A. door or gate 2. entrance B. more than 3. dishonest C. in a loud voice 4. over D. not honest 5. boring E. uninteresting II. 单项选择。

(10分) 6. He is getting ________ to hear the ________ words. A. boring; boring B. bored; boring C. bored; bored D. boring; bored 7. I think Maths is ________ of all my subjects. A. much difficult oneB. difficult oneC. most difficult oneD. the most difficult one8. Li Ming spends a lot of time ________ some sports every day.A. on doingB. doC. to doD. in doing 9. We will climb the hill if it ________ tomorrow. A. doesn't rain B. won't rain C. not rains D. is not going to rain 10. It rained; ________ the football match was postponed (延期). A. because B. or C. therefore D. but III. 根据句意用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

(10分) 11. Can I have something ________ (drink)?12. How far ________ John ________(live) from his school? 13. What ________ he (do) next Sunday? 14. Many soldiers ________ (lose) their lives in that battle (战役). 15. I heard them ________(sing) the popular song in the next room. IV. 同义句转换,每空一词。

外研版八年级上英语Module 1同步单元练习一、单项选择题：1. You should ______ here. It’s dangerous.A. to not smokeB. not to smokeC. not smokeD. no smoking2. Messi is the ______ figure in the final game. He fails, Argentina fails.A. mainB. excellentC. keyD. agreeable3. Why not ______ an English language club to practice ______ English?A. join; speakingB. to join; speakC. joining; speakD. to join; speaking4. There’s ______ for dinner today. I’m afraid we’ll have to buy some food.A. something elseB. anything elseC. else somethingD. nothing else5. Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words ______.A. correctB. correctly C incorrect D. correcting6. —Can I_______ your ruler?—Yes. But please give it back to me soon.A. buyB. makeC. borrowD. give7. —How about going shopping on Sunday? —_______.A. Yes, I willB. Thank youC. That’s a good ideaD. Yes, please8. There is five minutes left. So we run to the school as _____ as possible.A. fastB. fastlyC. fasterD. fastest9. We talked about the problem and Tim ________ doing some research first.A. finishedB. enjoyedC. suggestedD. practised10. Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading.A. to developB. developC. to developingD. developing11. ----- How about _______hiking this Sunday?----- Great! I’d like _________with you.A. to go; goingB. going; to goC. going; goingD. to go; goes12. There are some mistakes in your homework. You should _______in your notebook..A. write down it .B. write it downC. write down themD. write them down13. Don’t forget __________ speaking English every day.A. to practiseB. practisingC. practisesD. practise1 4. ----- Why not go to Lao She Teahouse(老舍茶馆) tonight?.----- .A. Thank youB. Sounds greatC. It doesn’t matterD. Sorry to hear that.1 5. He can’t answer this qu estion, so he wants to ask the teacher ______ help.A. forB. withC. inD. to二、完形填空：1. A. see B. forget C. remember D. tell2. A. in B. of C. on D. with3. A. message B. mouth C. smile D. club4. A. shy B. sad C. happy D. strict5. A. sent B. matched C. helped D. filled6. A. clearly B. carefully C. loudly D. badly7. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody8. A. tiring B. boring C. interesting D. bad9. A. news B. time C. money D. advice10. A. needed B. improved C. knew D. took三、阅读理解：AEveryone has a hobby. My hobby is keeping a diary in English.When I was nine years old, I began to have my hobby. At first it seemed hard for me, but now it is easy. I know it’s possible to learn English well. After school I often go to the school library to read English stories or articles. Sometimes my English teacher introduces some interesting things to me. I collect information for my diary by doing these.After I finish my diary every day, I always try to correct mistakes with the help of the dictionary. Now my English is very good.I love my hobby. It helps me a lot to learn English well.1. I began to keep a diary_______.A. when I was nine years oldB. before I was nineC. when I was eight years oldD. for nine years2. _______it was not easy for me to keep a diary in English.A. NowB. UsuallyC. At lastD. At first3. From the passage we know_______ is one of the best ways to learn English well.A. keeping a diaryB. more readingC. more speakingD. more listening4. How do I collect information for my diary?A. I often read English stories or articles.B. My teacher sometimes introduces some interesting things to me.C. I often go to the cinema.D. Both A and B.5. From the passage we can say it’s_______ for us to have a good hobby.A. badB. uselessC. helpfulD. carelessBEnglish is one of the important subjects. And there are many ways for us to learn it well. But I think it is not easy to do so. We must try our best.Everyone wants to remember all the vocabularies. We also want to use them correctly. Of course, we cannot expect to do this in a few months. We must read and write every day. We must study grammar. And we must practice more. The more you speak, the better your English will become.Everyone can make mistakes when speaking. We should keep humorous when someone laughs at our mistakes. What we can do is just to speak more. As the old saying goes,”Practice makes perfect.”Keep trying and working hard to improve your English. Because I believe wherethere is a will, there is a way.6. Which of the follow is TRUE?A. English is one of the most important subjects in our studies.B. English is too difficult to learn.C. English is not important.D. We can remember all the new words in a few months.7. ____ can learn English well if he doesn’t study hard enough.A. NobodyB. SomebodyC. AnybodyD. Everybody8. To learn English well, we must_____.A. remember all the vocabularies .B. read and write every day.C. study grammar and practice more .D. all of the above.9. What should you do when some laughs at your mistakes?A. We should get angry. B .We should keep humorous.C. We should get excited.D. We should get happy.10.The main idea of this passage is that______A. English is important and we should work hard on it.B. We can’t expect to learn English well.C. you needn’t worry when you make some mistakes.D. the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you will make.四、词汇运用：1. Rose is a __________（害羞的）girl and she doesn’t like speaking more.2. His words sound ___________（合理的）. Let’s do as what he said.3. It’s a good idea for you to ___________（改进）your English.4. The doctor ___________（建议）my father to have a good rest.5. __________（词汇量）is very important for a student to learn English well.6. She __________ (have) a picnic with her friends this weekend.7. —How was your trip to Beijing?—Great! We _________ (go) to the Great Wall.8. Look! Jane and her brother __________ (play) together in the garden.9. Tommy isn’t very rich, but he often __________ (give) money to the poor.10. —When __________ your mother __________ (buy) you that red dress? —Sorry, I really can’t remember.五、句型转换1. Why don’t you read more English books? (改为同义句)read more English books?2. Please write to me as soon as you can. (改为同义句)Please write to me .3. What other things can you see? (改为同义句)can you see?4. She asked me to write down the lists. (改为同义句)She asked me.5. Let’s go to buy an English-Chinese dictionary. (改为同义句)How to buy an English-Chinese dictionary?六、完成句子：1. 让我们尽量多说英语。

八年级-英语-打印版外研版八年级英语上Module 1 How to learn EnglishUnit3同步练习一、翻译下列词组1.欢迎回来_______________2.给某人一些建议____________3.写下，记下_____________4.还有别的吗？______________5.互相，彼此_____________6. 犯错_____________________二、写出几种提建议的方式(至少写出三种。

)1. ________________________________________________________________________2. ________________________________________________________________________3. ________________________________________________________________________三、单项选择He who does not hope to win has already lost.——J.J.Olmedo1. You should ________ your homework first.A. finishB. to finishC. finishedD. finishing2. Why don't you ________ your teacher carefully?A. listenB. listeningC. listen toD. listening to3. It's a great way ________ English.A. learnB. learnsC. learnedD. to learn4. Please ________ translate every word.A. try not toB. try to notC. not try toD. to try not5. I don't know how ________ learn English well.A. can IB. must IC. I canD. I must6. I'm sorry I________ my homework at home.A. forgetB. leaveC. forgotD. left7. ________ English is very important for us.A. Practise speakB. Practising speakC. Practise speakingD. Practising speaking8. I think it's necessary ________ us ________ learn English well.A. to；toB. for；forC. for；toD. to；for四、句型转换（按括号中的要求进行句型转换）（5分）:1. we should stop to have a rest.(对划线部分提问)______ should we ______?2. I think it’s useful to read English as often as possible.I _____ think it’s useful to read English as often as possible.(改为否定句)3.Can you tell me how I can study it well?(改为同义句)Can you tell me how _____ _____ it well?4.They went to Shanghai by air yesterday. (对划线部分提问)_____ _____ they go to Shanghai yesterday?5.I spent much money on a computer. (改为同义句)It _____ _____ much money _____ _____ a computer.五、用所给词的适当形式填空1. They all enjoyed ________ (they) at the party.2. How about ________ (listen) to English songs?3. It's a good idea ________(make) some American friends.4. You should always practise ________(speak) English in class.5. Remember ________ (check) your computer every day and maybe you have some important emails.六、短语填空learn...from，be good at，borrow...from，how about，why don't you，a good idea1. Jack ________ a red pen ________ his friend David.2. ________________ doing more oral practice?3. I think reading more books might be __________.4. I ________________ playing football. I'm a football player of our school football team.5. She ________ Chinese ________ her father every evening.6. ________________ go to school by bike?七、写作大明是一名28中八年级五班的学生。

[见学生用书A30]Ⅰ.汉译英1．在拐角附近__round__the__corner__2．过马路__cross__the__road__3．变成红色__change__to__red__4．等候去做某事__wait__to__do__sth.__5．及时__in__time__6．从……跌落__fall__off__7．注意；留心__pay__attention__8．并排地；肩并肩地__side__by__side__Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1．She does not look very __glad__(高兴的)about it.2．I found a little boy crying at the street__corner__(拐角)．3. Now more and more people realize the __risk__(风险)of drinking and driving. 4．People came __round__(转到另一边)to ask what was happening.5．He was killed in an __accident__(事故)．6．The girl looks __pale__(苍白的)．What's the matter with her?7．My girl friend didn't __appear__(出现)until all guests left.Ⅲ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1．—What happened over there?—A dog __fell__(fall)off the tall building and died.2．—I was chosen for the school football team.—How __lucky__(luck) you are!3．Our government has made special laws to __protect__(protect)these tigers.4．I'm happy __to__see__(see)you again.5．You must read the article as __carefully__(careful)as you can.Ⅳ.词汇运用A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。

外研版八年级英语上册M o d u l e选编同步练习含答案It was last revised on January 2, 2021M o d u l e6U n i t 1第一课时一、根据首字母或中文提示完成单词。

1. I love the r____________. It’s a lovely animal.2. He f_____________ off the bicycle yesterday.3. She was singing, ___________(突然) she saw a bird fly by.4. Would you like to go to my birthday ____________(聚会) tomorrow?5. That man looks very ___________(奇怪的).二、用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。

2. The boy was _____________ the street then.3. The mouse ran away _____________.4. Mike ____________ a book at 8 yesterday evening.5. My mother _____________ the floor when the telephone rang.6. They ____________ cards at that time.7. Every boy in Britain ______________ read the story.8. I was _____________ in bed watching TV at l0:00 last night.三、句型转换。

1. She was reading when the students came in. (对画线部分提问)________ ________ She ________ when the students came in2. My father watched TV in the living room. (改为过去进行时)My father ________ ________ TV in the living room.3. I was writing a letter at lo o’clock yesterday. (对画线部分提问)_________ _________ you doing at lo o’clock yesterday?4. They were watching World Cup at home. (改为否定句)They ________ ________ World Cup at home.5. I read a book in my room yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)_________ you ________ a book in your room yesterday?Unit 2 The white rabbit was looking at its watch.第二课时一、根据首字母或中文提示写出正确的单词。

Unit 8How was your school trip?温故知新(课前预习类训练)Ⅰ.Match the English words in column A with the proper Chinese meaning in column B.（把A栏中的单词和B栏中的中文意思搭配起来。

）A B1.souvenir 礼物2.gift 运动员3.visitor 奖品4.umbrella 班长5.raincoat 雨衣6.player 纪念品7.monitor 参观者8.prize 雨伞答案：1.souvenir纪念品 2.gift礼物 3.visitor参观者 4.umbrella雨伞 5.raincoat6.player 运动员7.monitor班长8.prizeⅡ.Please go through the text and find the words or expressions that mean the same as those below.（预习课文并从中找出下列汉语表达的相应英文表达。

）1.获得某人的亲笔签名2.照相3.还有什么4.开车兜风5.本学期结束时6.赢得一等奖7.观看海豚表演8.和朋友闲逛9.睡过了头10.那以后11.一整天12.淋湿答案：1.get one’s autograph 2.take photos 3.what else4.go for a drive5.at the end of this term6.win first prize7.watch dolphin show8.hang out with friends9.sleep late10.after that11.all day12.get wet一鼓作气(课中强化类训练)●Exercises for new words(生词专练)Ⅰ.Spell out the word according to the sentence meaning and tips.(根据句意和提示完成单词。

2020年秋季外研版八年级英语上册Module5同步练习含答案Module5 Lao She Teahouse一、单项选择1. He promised his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.A. seeB. seeingC. sawD. to see2. At times, parents find it difficult with their teenage children.A. talkB. talkedC. talkingD. to talk3. All of the teachers and students hope a successful result in the project.A. hasB. to haveC. haveD. having4. He offered me to the station.A. driveB. drivesC. drivingD. to drive5. --- Would you like noodles for breakfast?--- Sure. I like them very much.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. has6. Now many foreigners start to learn Chinese. But some of them found it difficult Chinese well.A. learningB. learnC. to learnD. learned7. --- Where did you decide your summer holiday?--- In Sanya.A. spendB. to spendC. spendingD. to spending8. --- Some children can't afford dictionaries.--- Let's donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be bought9. is difficult him any advice.A. That ;to giveB. It; to giveC. It; givingD. That; giving10. Hawaii is famous its beautiful beaches in the world.A. ofB. forC. asD. with11. Many old men prefer in a countryside.A. to liveB. livingC. liveD. lived12. The Internet makes it easier for people for the information on computers.A. searchB. searchingC. to searchD. searched13. They hope the Palace Museum next week.A. me to visitB. visitingC. themselves to visitD. to visit14. Daming often offers his mother do the housework.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. to helping15. I would like with you.A. make friendsB. to make friendsC. make a friendD. to make a friend二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)16. The restaurant tries everything to o its guests good services.17. Bargaining in China isn't special, instead, it is very c .18. What words can you use to d surfing?19. They were discussing the problems of Western s .20. We'll go to c when we finish high school.21. Does Liu Qian have a m bag?22. He was going to meet me earlier but he didn't s up whenI got there.23. Fan Bingbing is Lucy's favorite a .24. I'd love to o you some dinner if you come to my home tonight.25. Cars are a kind of c vehicle(车辆) for most Americans.三、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)26. Lily and I like playing tennis.This is our (共同的) hobby.27. This is a (有魔力的) land of mountains, rivers and lakes.28. It's really kind of him to (提供) to lend me some money.29. The old woman was too nervous to (描述) the thief who stole her bag.30. The Browns had a big party to celebrate their daughter's (二十岁) birthday yesterday evening.31. We should learn how to behave ourselves in (社会).32. Daming didn't go to the (学院), because he was ill.33. Zhao Wei is a famous (演员) in China.34. As you are friends, you must have something in (共同的).35. People love Liu Qian very much because his shows are very interesting and (有魔力的).四、完形填空I went to the play "The Princess and the Pea" with my friends. The 36 was at the King Theater. Our 37 were in the front row. The play was about to 38 . The workers turned down the lights. Then the curtain(幕布) 39 . We could see a castle(城堡) in the clouds. The actors 40 .Sitting in the front row was 41 . We could see everything. All the actors were very 42 . We could see their faces clearly.The play was over. Everyone stood up and 43 . All of the 44 came out and bowed(鞠躬). They asked 45 we liked the play. We said we liked it very much.36. A. princess B. pea C. play D. friend37. A. tables B. chairs C. things D. seats38. A. finish B. practice C. stop D. begin39. A. opened B. showed C. joined D. found40. A. looked for B. looked after C. walked out D. left away41. A. difficult B. wonderful C. impossible D. tiring42. A. close B. nice C. kind D. tall43. A. clapped B. agreed C. changed D. talked44. A. lights B. clouds C. actors D. stage45. A. what B. if C. why D. where五、阅读理解AFollow these steps to do exercise with everyday activities. If your home is near the school, please walk to school.If you take the subway to school then get off at the stop before your stop and walk to school.Help with the housework at home. When your mother is cooking, you can wash the vegetables. After dinner, you can clean the table and wash the dishes.Get a pet, a dog or a cat. You can walk and play with it in the park. Walking your dog and playing with it can help you get exercise every day.Do some exercise every day. You can go to the playground to play basketball or volleyball. You can go fishing near the river. Look! There is a park over there.You can run in it.46. You can to school if it is near to your home.A. walkB. take a subwayC. take a busD. drive a car47. You can at home when your mother is cooking.A. do some homeworkB. do some houseworkC. play computer gamesD. read some books48. You CANNOT get everyday exercise by .A. walking to schoolB. doing houseworkC. training your dogD. playing basketball49. This passage is about .A. schoolB. houseworkC. petD. exerciseBSkin-diving is a new sport today. This sport takes you into a wonderful new world. It is like a visit to the moon! When you are under water, it's easier for you to climb big rocks, because you are no longer heavy.Here, under water, everything is blue and green. During the day, there is enough light. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands.When you have tanks of the air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. But you must be careful when youdive into deep water.To catch fish is one of the most interesting parts of this spot. Besides, there are many uses for skin-diving. You can clean ships without taking them out of water. You can get many things from the deep sea.50. Skin-diving will take you to .A. the moonB. be in dangerC. mountainsD. the deep sea51. You can climb big rocks under water because .A. you are strongerB. the fish nearby help youC. you are not as heavy as on the landD. there is a lot of light52. Under water, a skin-diver in the daytime.A. can see everything clearlyB. can't see anything clearlyC. can see nothingD. can see only fishes53. With a tank of air on your back, you can .A. catch fish easilyB. stay under water for a long timeC. be in safe placeD. have more fun54. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?A. Skin-diving is a new sportB. Skin-diving is like visiting the moonC. the only use of Skin-diving is to have more funD. Skin-diving is both interesting and usefulCLi Shizhen was born in 1518. His father was a poor doctor. Li Shizhen often saw that people fell ill. He decided to study medicine so that he could be able to help people.Li Shizhen read many books about medicine. He found many of the old medical books full of mistakes. So his wish was to write a new one.He did his best to study medical science. He studied not only the herbs(草药) in his own garden, but also the wild ones. He set out many times on long journeys to collect herbs and talk with old peasants. He learned a lot from the working people.After many years of hard work and study, Li Shizhen finished his great work "BencaoGangmu"(本草纲目). At that time he was sixty. His book is now one of the greatest contributions(贡献) of the Chinese people to the medical science of the world.55. Li Shizhen's father was .A. a soldierB. a doctorC. a teacherD. a peasant56. Li Shizhen decided to study medicine because he wanted to .A. making a livingB. become famousC. help the people who fell illD. get more money57. Li Shizhen wanted to write a new medical book because .A. he was a doctorB. he liked writing booksC. many medical books were full of mistakesD. he was a writer58. "Bencao Gangmu" is .A. a medical bookB. a medical workerC. a herbD. a dictionary59. Li Shizhen collected a lot of on his long journeys.A. flowersB. living thingsC. plantsD. herbsDOur schools and classes are made up of boys and girls. It is very natural(自然的) for the boys and girls to make friends with each other. As long as we can keep a healthy mind, we can get along well with boys or girls. When we make friends with the other sex, the following tips will be helpful.Don't be too shy. If you are a shy person, you can also find a way out. First of all, you can make friends with the students who have the same interest and hobby as you. As both of you have much in common, you may have much to talk about.Don't fall into the mistake of early love. The boys and girls are rich in feeling. They are easy to regard(将……视为) the friendship as a sign of love and fall in love with each other at an early age. In my opinion, early love is a green apple that can't be eaten. Boys and girls at middle school are too young to carry(支撑) the heavy duty(责任) of love. Do keep out of early love.60. According to the first paragraph, the writer thinks that making friends with the other sex is .A. usualB. rudeC. helpfulD. dangerous61. How can you make friends if you are a shy person?A. To find friends with the same interest and hobby first.B. To only have a few friends of the same sex.C. To not make friends with the other sex.D. To not fall in love with other students easily.62. What do we learn by the underlined sentence "early love is a green apple that can't be eaten"?A. Early love is different from friendship.B. Early love gives boys and girls too much duty.C. Early love only belongs to boys and girls.D. Early love is not right for boys and girls.六、短文7选5(5选5等)Is milk the best way to get calcium(钙)? A new report says it may not be."Drink your milk. It's good for you!" 63. And the calcium is a necessary nutrient(营养物) for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong. 64. They say students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk at each meal.65. The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says Milk is high in sugar, high in fat and high in animal protein(蛋白质). 66. The PCRM says there are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans, broccoli, cereals and tofu. 67.Of course, calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth, but there are other things that affect your bone strength, such as genes(基因), how much vitamin D you take in and getting an hour's worth of exercise every day.A. Orange juice and soymilk also supply the nutrient.B. The US government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program.C. All of these things have negative effects on health.D. You've probably heard that many times, and it's true. Milk contains calcium.E. Last Thursday, however, a group of doctors asked the government to remove(删除) milk from the lunch program.七、阅读与表达(问答式)Most middle school students wear uniforms. Some students like uniforms, but others don't. However, recently, a Japanese government survey (政府调查) shows that more students in Japan like uniforms now because school uniforms are more fashionable(时尚的) than they were before.I surveyed some Japanese students about what they thought about school uniforms. I asked them, “Are fashionable uniforms popular or not?” There were lots of different opinions(观点,看法).Hiro mi said, “I like school uniforms because I don't need to choose clothes every day. I think that fashionable uniforms are good. My high school uniform is fashionable, but there is a problem. Fashionable uniforms are too expensive.”Miki said that she didn't like fashionable uniforms because she didn't want to spend so much money on uniforms. She thought that the uniforms should be changed(被改变). They should be cheaper and easier to get.Mitsuaki said, “I don't like school uniforms because I want to look different. I also agree that fashionable uniforms make many students want to wear uniforms in high school. If students like fashionable uniforms, it is good.”根据短文内容，完成下列小题。

Module 1How to learn EnglishUnit 2You should smile at her.[见学生用书B2]Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1．Jack works hard to make money so that he can__improve__ (改善)his life. 2．The girl is very __shy__(羞怯的)and she is afraid to speak to others.3．Before he leaves home，he needs to learn some __basic__ (基础的)cooking skills. 4．Please come here to join the __conversation__ (谈话)．5．It's __natural__(合乎常情的)for children to leave their families when they grow up.6．She has a large English __vocabulary__(词汇量)．Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1．My friend __advised__(advise)me to leave the company when I met him.2．He __quickly__(quick)opened the door and ran out.3．The teacher __suggests__(suggest)we should speak English as much as possible. 4．This is a great way __to__learn__(learn)English，and you must remember it. 5．__Watching__(watch)English films is a good way to improve English.Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空write down；ask for；look up；talk about；all the time1．We can __look__up__ new words in a dictionary.2．The students should speak English in English class __all__the__time__.3．She is __talking__about__ something about her family.4．Please __write__down__ these new words in your notebook.5．Bob always __asks__for__ advice about how to improve his English.Ⅳ.给问题选择合适的建议Problems1．I often feel shy when I speak English in class.2．I have difficulty in making friends at school.3．I don't know how to write my English study plan.4．I can't speak English well.5．I think it difficult to understand what the teacher says in class.AdviceA．Take a deep breath and smile before you speak.B．You should practise speaking it a lot.C．How about asking the teacher for advice?D．Why don't you say hello to them and talk with them?E．Remember to listen to him or her carefully in class.1．__A__ 2.__D__ 3.__C__4．__B__ 5.__E__Ⅴ.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。