高级英语(18.1.1)--part1

南京信息工程大学试卷2020－ 2021 年第 1 学期《高级英语I（1）》课程试卷( A 卷)共7 页；考试时间120 分钟任课教师；出卷时间2020 年12 月英语系翻译专业2018 年级班学号姓名得分注意：所有答案请书写在答题册上，否则无效！Advanced English, Level OneFinal Examination, Paper APart 1: Paraphrase. (20%)Direction: explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.College students, put on their honor, cheat on examination.2.Preparations were in the air around our house before school was even over.3.w omen are the beautiful sex, to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.4.These were the condemned men, due to be hanged within the next week or two.5.I didn’t know very much about Curie beyond the basics.Part 2: Vocabulary. (15%)Direction: Choose the best answer from option A, B, C, or D.1.Nobody, at this time of economic recession, could afford to that they were not interested in thejob.A.declareB. maintainC. pledgeD. profess2.The newspaper reporters that the man was murdered but they have given no proof.A. claimB. affirmC. assertD. allege3.The new economic plan seeks to achieve a more equitable of wealth.A. assignmentB. distributionC. contributionD. attrition4.He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues .A. attainableB. accessibleC. availableD. access5.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived on the scene and with the workmen.A. remonstratedB. argueC. demonstratedD. bickered6.spirits who looked like humans and possessed supernatural powers used to be very popularin this part of the country.A. GrimB. EvilC. WickedD. Formidable7.I like those TV programs which the viewer as well as entertain him.A. acquaintB. instructC. enlightenD. seize8.Only 20 per cent of British restaurants British wine on their wine lists.A. includeB. containC. involveD. exclude9.The among the world’s scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next fewdecades.A. opinionB. agreementC. consensusD. convention10.When teachers assign homework, students usually feel a(n) to do it.A. dutyB. commitmentC. needD. obligation11.She is to live quietly by herself.A. contentedB. contentC. intentD. intended12.It’s useless trying to her that she doesn’t need to lose any weight.A. convinceB. persuadeC. rebukeD. implore13.I’m proud of them because that investigation was .A. mercilessB. pitilessC. relentlessD. heartless14.Will the film pass the ?A. censorB. censureC. censusD. censer15.The minister was alleged to have made remarks about the rest of the Cabinet.A. lamentableB. disparagingC. unpleasantD. favorablePart 3: Reading. (15%)Direction: read the following passages and choose the best answer from A, B, C, or D.TEXT AThe word conservation has thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago, nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us t oday.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone’s daily life. To know about the water table in the ground is just as important to us as knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1.The author’s attitude towards the current situation in the exploration of the resources is .A. positiveB. neutralC. suspiciousD. critical2.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefather was .A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC.they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didn’t realize .A.the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of the beauty of natureTEXT BDuring the holiday, I received no letter from Myrtle and when I returned to the town she had gone away. I telephoned each day until she came back, and then she said she was going to a party. I put up with her new tactics patiently. The next time we spent an evening together there was no quarrel. To avoid it I took Myrtle to the cinema. We did not mention Hamby. On the other hand, it was impossible to pretend that either of us was happy. Myrtle's expression of unhappiness was deepening. Day by day I watched her sink into a bout of despair, and I concluded it was my fault -- had I not concluded it was my fault, the looks Myrtle gave me would rapidly have concluded it for me.The topic of conversation we avoided above all others was the project of going to America. I cursed the tactlessness of Robert and Tom in talking about it in front of her before I had had time to prepare her for it. I felt aggrieved, as one does after doing wrong and being found out. I did not know what to do.When you go to the theatre you see a number of characters caught in a dramatic situation. What happens next? They then everything is changed. My life is different I never have scenes, and I if I do, they are discouragingly not dramatic. Practically no action arises. And nothing what so ever is changed. My life is not as good as a play. Nothing is like it.All I did with my present situation was to try and tide it over. When Myrtle emerged from the deepest blackness of despair -- nobody after all, could remain there definitely -- I tried to comfort her. I gradually unfolded my entire plan, including those for her. She could come to America, too. She was a commercialartist. She could get a job and our relationship could continue as it was. And I will not swear that I did not think:" And in America she might even succeed in marrying me." It produced no effect. She began to drink more. She began to go to parties very frequently; it was very soon clear that she had decided to see less of her.I do not blame Myrtle. Had I been in her place I would have tried to do the same thing. Being in my place I tried to prevent her. I knew what sort of parties she was going to: they were parties at which Hamby was present.We began to wrangle over going out with each other. She was never free at the times I suggested. Sometimes, usually on a Saturday night, she first arranged to meet me and then changed her mind. I called that rubbing it in a little too far. But her behavior, I repeat, perfectly sensible. By seeing less of me she stood a chance of finding somebody else, or of making me jealous, or of both. Either way she could not lose.4.When Myrtle was avoiding the author, heA.saw through her plan and behaved calmly.B.became angry and could not put her out of his mind.C.was worried and uncomprehending.D.decided that he could not bear the way she treated him.5.The author felt guilty and angry becauseA.his friends had discovered that he had not told Myrtle anything.B.Tom and Robert had told Myrtle about their plans.C.Myrtle had found out their plans when Tom and Robert talked.D.he had told Myrtle their plans before Tom and Robert mentioned them.6.The author complains that his life was not like a play in which .A.the characters solve their problems by violence.B.the action that follows quarrels solves their problems.C.the violence that follows action solves their problems.D.the characters solved their problems in spite of violence.TEXT CDespite Denmark’s manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self-indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Danes would look you in the eye and say, “Denmark is a great country.” You’re supposed to figure this out for yourself.It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life’s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programmes, job seminars—Danes love seminars: three days at a study centre hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs—there is no Danish Academy to defend against it —old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes, “Few have too much and fewer have too little,” and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism thatprevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madame have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It’s a nation of recyclers—about 55 % of Danish garbage gets made into something new— and no nuclear power plants. It’s a nation of tireless planner. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general.Such a nation of overachievers —a brochure fro m the Ministry of Business’s and Industry says, “Denmark is one of the world’s cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society in the Northern Hemisphere.” So, of course, one’s heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings (“Foreigners out of Denmark!”), broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line: town here, country there. It is not a nation of jay-walkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if it’s 2 a.m. and there’s not a car in sight. However, Danes don’t think of themselves as a waiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-light people—that’s how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.The orderliness of the society doesn’t mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Danes would tell you so. You can hear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society cannot exempt its members from the hazards of life.But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virt ue of citizenship, and you shouldn’t feel bad for taking what you’re entitled to, you’re as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.7.The author thinks that Danes adopt a attitude towards their country.A. modestB. boastfulC. deprecatingD. mysterious8.Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?A. Equality in society.B. Fondness of foreign culture.C. Linguistic tolerance.D. Persistent planning.9.The author’s reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is .A. disapprovingB. approvingC. noncommittalD. doubtful10.According to the passage, Danish orderliness .A.sets the people apart from Germans and SwedesB.spares Danes social troubles besetting other peopleC.is considered economically essential to the countryD.prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles11.At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that .A.Danes are clearly informed of their social benefitsB.Danes take for granted what is given to themC.the open system helps to tide the country overD.orderliness has alleviated unemploymentTEXT DIn most of the human civilization of which we have any proper records, youth has drawn on either art or life for models, planning to emulate the heroes depicted in epics on the shadow - play screen or the stage, or those known human beings, fathers or grandfathers, chiefs or craftsmen, whose every characteristic can be studied and imitated. As recently as 1910, this was the prevailing condition in the United States. If he came from a non-literate background, the recent immigrant learned to speak, move, and think like an American by using his eyes and ears on the labor line and in the homes of more acculturated cousins, by watching school children, or by absorbing the standards of the teacher, the foreman, the clerk who served him in the store. For the literate and the literate children of the non-literate, there was art—the story of the frustrated artist in the prairie town of the second generation battling with the limitations of the first. And at a simpler level, there were the Western and Hollywood fairy tales which pointed a moral but did not, as a rule, reach table manners.With the development of the counter-movement against Hollywood, with the efflorescence of photography, with Time-Life-Fortune types of reporting and the dead-pan New York manner of describing the life of an old-clothes dealer in a forgotten street or of presenting the "accurate", "checked" details of the lives of people whose eminence gave at least a sort of license to attack them, with the passion for "human documents" in Depression days — a necessary substitute for proletarian art among middle-class writers who knew nothing about proletarians, and middle-class readers who needed the shock of verisimilitude - a new era in American life was ushered in. It was the era in which young people imitated neither life nor art nor fairy tale, but instead were presented with models drawn from life with minimal but crucial distortions. Doctored life histories, posed carelessness, "candid" shots of people in their own homes which took hours to arrange, pictures shot from real life to script written months before supplemented by national polls and surveys which assured the reader that this hobby socks did indeed represent a national norm or a growing trend - replaced the older models.12.This article is based on the idea that .A.people today do not look for models to imitate.B.whom we emulate is not important.C.people generally pattern their lives after models.D.heroes are passed.13.Stories of the second generation battling against the limitation of the first were often responsible for.A.inspiring literate immigrants.B.frustrating educated immigrants.C.preventing the assimilation of immigrants.D.instilling into immigrants an antagonistic attitude toward their forebears.14.The counter movement against Hollywood was a movement .A.toward fantasy.B.against the teachings of morals.C.towards realism.D.away from realism.15.The word "distortions" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .A.presentationsB.misinterpretationsC.influencesD.limitationsPart 4: Sentence Translation: Chinese to English. (20%)1.记者们接到严厉的警告，没有官方批准不得前往灾区。

Unit 18 BeautySection ⅠWarm-up & Lesson 1 What Is Beauty?课时训练Ⅰ基础夯实Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示,填写单词1.He smiled a s smile as he drove past in his expensive new car.2.What you’re saying now is not c with what you said last week.3.Lightning usually a thunder.4.Several cars are available within this price r .5.Did she really see a ghost or was it only a s impression?6.I absolutely (非常喜欢)chocolate.7.Jim’s afraid of emotional (承诺).8.I wish I were as (苗条)as you.9.She gave him back the money for the sake of her (良心).10.The baggage is two kilos (超重).Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Try to avoid being (subject)and one-sided when considering problems.3.She always eats the (slim)food but in fact she needn’t lose weight.4.His speech is (accompany)with gestures.Ⅲ.改错1.—What is the cost of your shirt here,sir?—It depends on which kind you want to buy,and the price ranges from 100 dollars till 500 dollars.2.Nowadays we can’t see dinosaurs because they wer e died out long long ago.were3.The captain commanded that the work could be started at once.或去掉could4.Beethoven is my favourite musician.I regard him more superior to other musicians.more5.That I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.能力提升Ⅳ.阅读理解(导学号52050025)Coral reefs(珊瑚礁) are not just beautiful to look at,but also very useful.They shelter nearly 25% of ocean life and provide food for billions of people.However,like many other species,this amazing ecosystem(生态系统) is in danger of dying out! There are two main reasons for the d estruction—the rising carbon dioxide level caused by global warming as well as human influe nces like bottom operation.While not much can be done about the former,the loss caused by the latter can be reduced. Bottom operation involves dropping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish.This action damages the ocean floor,causing the coral branches to separate from the reefs.While that is very discouraging,the good news is that if these branches are found quickly,they can be saved.At present,that work is being performed by volunteer divers.But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater,nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep-sea coral grows.However,this is not the case for Coralbots—the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches.A team of “coralbots”,each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral,allowing them to regrow.They are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral.The robots work together in groups,similar to bees.If one coralbot is damaged then the others will still be able to complete the task.Dr.Lea-Anne Henry said:“The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs.It is in the final stage of testing.Once ready,the researchers hope t o build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.”1.Which of the following is a cause of the danger that coral reefs are facing?A.The appearance of new creatures.B.The seriously polluted sea water.C.The activities of volunteer divers.D.Human activities like bottom operation.destruction—the rising carbon dioxide level caused by global warming as well ashuman influences like bottom operation.”可得出答案:为D项。

《高级英语》第一册第1课习题和答案Exercises for Lesson one撰写人：Kitty No. 1I. Multiple-choice1. It grows louder and more _____ until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of _____ lamps and braziers.A. distinct, innumerableB. clear, countlessC. distinct, numerableD. clear, innumerable2. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and __ little in the bargaining.A. produceB. resignC. surrenderD. yield3. The seller makes a point ______ protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him ______ all profit.A. of…fromB. from…ofC. of…ofD. from…from4. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers ______.A. follow suitB. take suitC. follow suitsD. take suits5. Motors and bicycles threaded their way among the ______ of the people entering and leaving the market.A. crowdB. throngsC. crowdD. crowds6. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge______ your ear.A. onB. toC. atD. against7. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells ______ among the throngs of people.A. threads their wayB. thread their wayC. threads their waysD. thread their ways8. The tin of the stall-holders crying their wares, …and of ______ purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.A. would-beB. will-beC. shall-beD. could-be9. The shop-owner instructs, and sometimes ______ with a hammer himself.A. takes a handB. takes handsC. takes handD. takes two hands10. The pole is attached ______ the one end ______ an upright post, and ______ the other end ______ a blind-folded camel.A. at…at, at…atB. to…at, to…atC. at…to, at…toD. to…at, to… at11. Every here and there, a doorway gives ______ a sunlit courtyard.A. a glance ofB. a glimpse ofC. a stare ofD. a survey of12. The boss asked me if I would ____ to take the new mission.A. considerB. acceptC. approveD. agree13. He was asked to account _____ the loss of the market in Shanghai.A. forB. ofC. onD. about14. We always _____ our success to our parents, teachers and colleagues.A. obligeB. contributeC. delicateD. attribute15. In most public places, smoking is not ____.A. letB. legalC. allowedD. promised16. The architecture of Gothic style refers to an architectural style prevalent in _____Europe from the 12th through the 15th century.A. easternB. eastC. eastlyD. western17. ____________ lies in the Middle East.A. MongoliaB. IndiaC. LebanonD. Thailand18. The boulevard was crammed with gay, laughing _________.A. crowdsB. throngsC. peopleD. men19. Wine is one of the many _________ that France sells abroad.A. commoditiesB. merchandiseC. goodsD. wares20. Every night, when my head touches the pillows, I felt a wave of ______.A. dizzyB. dizzyingC. dizzinessD. dizziesII. Write out the new words and phrases in the blanks according to the meanings:1．（）a market or street of shops and stalls 市场，集市2．（）dim; indistinct 模糊的；朦胧的3．（）having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect; consonant （音调）和谐的，悦耳的4．( ) that can be conceived, imagined 可想象的，想得到的5．（）a loud, continuous noise 喧闹声，嘈杂声6．（）(of a sound) made softer than is usual （声音）减弱的7．（）suggestive of the grave or burial; dismal; gloomy 坟墓般的；阴森森的8．（）互助会，协会9．（）支架，脚手台架，搁凳10．（）strike, hit or dash; have an effect 撞击，冲击；对……有影响11．（）火盆；火钵12．（）（单复同）风箱13．（）complex; full of elaborate detail 错综复杂的；精心制作的14．（）strange or different in a way that is striking or fascinating 奇异的；异常迷人的15．（）involving great expense; costly; lavish 豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的16．（）a confusing, intricate network of winding path ways 迷津；迷宫17．（）feeling or expressing disdain; scornful and aloof; proud 轻视的；蔑视的18．（）a large bundle 大包，大捆19．（）the seed of flax 亚麻籽20．（）likely to fall into pieces; shaky 要倒塌似的；摇摇欲坠的21．（）make small or insignificant; make seem small in comparison 使矮小，使显得矮小，使无足轻重22．（）moving or acting quickly and lightly 灵活的，敏捷的23．（）大梁24．（）a slow, small flow 细流，涓流25．（）flow or leak out slowly, as through very small holes 渗出；慢慢地流III．Paraphrase:1.As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on yourear. ________________________________________.2.The seller makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is deprivinghim of all profit. ____________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________.3.The red of the live coals glows bright and then dims rhythmically to the strokes ofthe bellows. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. IV. Point out the figures of speech used in each sentence.1. Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing, were moving jewels.( )2. It is a vast, somber cavern of a room. ( )3. The pen is mightier than the sword. ( )4. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. ( )5. We spent a sleepless night on the project. ( )6. Ancient girders creak and groan. ( )7. The burnished copper catches the light of innumerous lamps and braziers.( )V. Proofreading1.The roadway is narrowed every a few yards by little stalls.______2.Shopkeepers dealing with the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves overthe bazaar.__________3.Desks in the classroom are arranged at interval of 10 feet. _______4.College students could be well prepared for independent thinking should be lessemphasis on grades in high school.____________5.He believes that his nation should commit itself to achieve the goal, before thedecade is out, of landing a man on the moon.___________VI. Translate the following sentences into English.1.他会尽力帮助你。

Lesson 11) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3) they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price downthey drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4) he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargainingHe will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your earAs you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.X．1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。

⾼级英语⼀修辞格归纳《⾼级英语（⼀）》修辞格归纳英语修辞格种类1.⾳韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)⾳韵修辞格是利⽤词语的语⾳特点创造出来的修辞⼿法。

主要包括onomatopoeia、alliteration、assonance（元韵）、consonance（辅韵）等。

2.词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)主要借助语义的联想和语⾔的变化等特点创造出来的修辞⼿法。

主要包括simile, metaphor, allusion（典故）, metonymy, transferred epithet, personification, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma（轭式修饰法）, contrast 等。

3.句法修辞格(syntactical rhetorical devices)主要是指通过句⼦结构的均衡布局或是突出重点创造出来的修辞⼿法。

这类辞格主要包括repetition, rhetorical question, parallelism, antithesis, apostrophe （顿呼）等。

Anti-climax 渐降、突降法It is the opposite of Climax (渐升、层进法). A climbing down from strong to weak, from most impressive to less impressive. It is often used in humorous writing.1.For God, for American, and for Yale.2.The duties of a solider are to protect his country and peel potatoes.3.O dear!What shall I do?I have lost my beau and lipstick too.4.I love my motherland,I love my people,I love my wife and my son and my daughter,I also love my pretty little dog.幽默风趣讽刺嘲笑出⼈意料Climax 渐升、层进法A figure of speech in which a series of words or ideas is arranged in order of increasing importance.1.We’re low---we’re very low---we’re very very low, as low as low can be.2.The audience smiled, chuckled and finally howled.3.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed anddigested.4.He who loses wealth loses much; he who loses a friend loses more; but he who loses courageloses all.5.The drunkard smashed the glasses, upturned the table, and hit an old woman.Rhetorical Question 修辞问句Asking a question whose answer is self-evident intended to stir emotions.A question requiring no answer.不需要回答,其答案寓于问句的反⾯, 其作⽤是加强语⽓,表达强烈的感情, 以引起读者或听者深思。

⾼级英语第⼀册Unit1课⽂Unit 1: The Middle Eastern BazaarA. Teaching Objectives (Vocabulary/ Paraphrase/ Structure/ Style/ Rhetoric)1. know the background of “Middle Eastern Bazaar”2. grasp the main idea and the theme of this essay3. master the language used in a special way in the essay4. paraphrase the difficult sentences and understand the structure of the text.5. appreciate the description writing and rhetoric skills in advanced level6. conduct a series of discussing, analyzing, presenting activities related to the theme of this essay.B. Teaching PointsI. Background informationII. Introduction to the passageIII. Text analysisIV. Rhetorical devicesV. Special difficultiesVI. Style & Type of Writing:VII. Writing Technique:I. Background Information1. Middle Eastern Countries2. Architecture of Gothic StyleII. Style & Type of writing1. Type of literature: -- a piece of objective description2. The purpose of a piece of objective description: ---to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author excluded3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: ---to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed description in order of spaceStructural analysisPart I. (para.1) (Th e Middle Eastern takes you back …)General atmosphere: ancient & primitive/ harmonious/ lively, active, vigorous, & healthyPart II. (paras 2 - 4) (Then as you … at intervals.)The cloth market: muted/ sepulchral/ Bargaining is the order of the day.Part III: (paras. 5 –7) (One of the most picturesque… lie beside them.)The coppersmith market and other markets: sound and light/ smell/ varied characters/ harmonious Part IV: (paras: 8-9) (Perhaps the most unforgettable…)The mill where linseed oil is extracted: the description of the mill/ Words describing soundIII. Text Analysis (Effective Writing Skills)1. making effective use of specific verbs2. using adjectives accurately3. using five human senses---vivid description of hearing, smelling, seeing, tasting and touching4. using rhetorical devices properlyIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. Special Difficulties1. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell. (identifying figures of speech)2. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration. (translating some paragraphs)3. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of hono ur…, and etc. (paraphrasing some sentences) VI. Writing Technique:1. from Macro to Micro2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour and taste.3. nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:I . Background information1. What occurs to you when the term Middle East is mentioned?veiled women/ men in robes or turbans/ copper vessels/ carpets (rug, tapestry)/ spices/ Muslins/ The mosque/ The Koran/ Allah/ Desert/ Camels/ Caravansary/ Trade caravan/ Silk Road/ mirage/ Petroleum/ desert, sandstorm, sand dust/ Gulf wars/ Jerusalem (Holy City)…/2. Middle East：A. The area around the eastern Mediterranean; from Turkey to North Africa and eastward to IranB. It is the site of such ancient civilizations as Phoenicia, Babylon, EgyptC. It is the birthplace of Judaism, Christianity and IslamRefer to Note 23. bazaar:an oriental muslin market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The bazaar played an important role in the society, which demonstrated that the handicraft economy was prosperous. People relied on that kind of economy in their daily life. It is a significant contrast to our modern society.eastern: oriental东⽅---- ant. Occidental西⽅4. Gothic: of a style of building in Europe between the 12th and 16th cs., with pointed arches, arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows-- Gothic architecture哥特式建筑-- Gothic novel: characterized by an atmosphere of mystery and horror and having pseudo-medieval setting哥特式⼩说.-- The first written by Mary Shelley in the 18th c.-- Frankenstein弗兰肯斯坦II．Text Analysis (Language points and examples)1. Singular us e of EYE and EAR indicates one’s power of sight and hearing/ having a due sense of/ be a good judge of. 3) The big poster caught my eye. 4) The view was pleasing to the eye.5) Keep an eye on that man. 6) Turn a blind eye/ a deaf ear to sth/sb.7) She has an ear for music (sensitive).blind in one eye ＝lose an eye / compound eyes/ the naked eye2. extend:1) Cause to cover a wider area; make larger.e.g. The car part has been extended.2) Cause to last longer.e.g. We have been to the embassy to have our visas extended.3) Hold out toward sb.e.g. I nod and extend my hand.-- Extended family: a family which extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, uncles, ants, and other relatives, who all live nearby or in one household.-- Extend: to extend one’s business/ to extend a railway/ to extend a school building/ to extend one’s power and influence into/ to extend one’s visit for a few days more/ to extend sympathy to/ to extend a warm welcome to/ to extend help to the poor/ an extended meandering river/ one’s extended residence in 3. shadowy: full of shadows1) They took a stroll along a long, shadowy, cobbled path, hand in hand.* of uncertain identity or nature2) A shadowy figure appeared through the mist.Shadow: used figuratively3) The shadow of war fell across Europe.4) Only one shadow lay over Sally's life.5) He lived in the shadow of his father.4. glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light1) The red glare over the burning city could be seen a 100 miles away.2) One can’t keep any privacy in the full glare of publicity.3) The tropic sun glared down on us all the day.*stare angrily or fiercely at:They stood glaring at each other.5. thread one’s way: move carefully or skillfully in and out of obstacles1) She threaded her way through the tables.Make/ penetrate/ elbow/ kick/ wangle/ squeeze/ cut/ eel/ push/ head/ slash/ fight/ feel/ labor/ kneel/ kill 6. throng: a great many people assembled together (cf. crowd)1) There are always throngs of people on Tien An Men Square.2) The department store was thronged with people.3) People thronged to see the new play.(Throng differs from “crowd in that it carries a stronger implication of movement and of pushing and a weaker implication of density.)7. clear away: to remove from (as a space) all that occupies or encumbers, or that impedes or restricts use, passage or action8. conceivable: that can be conceived, imagined, thought of1) people of every conceivable: age, appearance, nationality, occupation, background, temperament; religion, taste, blood type2) buildings of every conceivable: shape, style, building material, height, size, color3) books of every conceivable: theme, style, level, size, color, price, …gardens of every conceivable ...4)（conceive / deceive / perceive / receive）9. penetrate: to enter or force a way into; to pierce.e.g.A smell of burnt branches and leaves penetrated the courtyard.院⼦⾥弥漫着⼀股树枝和树叶烧焦的⽓味。

1《高级英语（一）》期末考试A卷姓名：专业：学号：学习中心：成绩：I．Vocabulary: (20%). The water was so ___A___ we could see the fish clearly.A. transparentB. brightC. visibleD. opaque2. Birds of a feather ___B__ together.A. lockB. flockC. blockD. clock3. Days and nights ___A___.A. alternateB. contemplateC. extricateD. minimize4. The annual conference of the organization was held in London last year.BA. importantB. yearlyC. sufficientD. critical5. The air is filthy and dangerous to breathe from the belching of uncontrolled products from combustion of coal, coke, oil, and gasoline.AA. burningB. burstingC. contaminationD. pollution6. If we overwork ourselves, we may suffer from both physical and psychological fatigue.DA. pictureB. mimicC. markD. tire7. Steel is an integral part of the modern skyscrapers.DA. tediousB. difficultC. naiveD. inherent8. He is a novice who has never prepared a meal.BA. interestingB. laymanC. sinD. mistake9. He was elated over the favorable reviews of his novel.CA. grievousB. tremblingC. overjoyedD. lazy10. .Some people seem to have a morbid interest in death.CA. mercilessB. sorryC. unhealthyD. helplessII. Text Comprehension(20%)1. She is not going to get rid of the upright piano because___C__(She Is an Unwilling Tool of Middleclassdom)a. Her daughter plays it.b. She wants to learn to play it someday.c. It is such a beautiful instrument.d. Nobody would want to buy such an old piano.2. In this account, Langston Hughes was__A__.(Salvation)a. giving an honest self-analysisb. entertaining the reader in a humorous tone.c. expressing his dissatisfaction with his aunt.d. describing a church service.3.It is generally believed that our language mechanism enables us__A__.(Thinking of Words)a. to talk about all the technicalities of company law or of central heating with the glibness of a solicitor or a plumber.b. to talk about anything fluently.c. to acquire any knowledge.d. to handle anything we need to handle.4.“Hey, missis”is not an appropriate form of address to a stranger because_C__(Thinking of Words)a. Missis is not the equivalent of Madame.b. It is not very effective.c. It is not used by polite educated people.d. It is used only by polite educated people.5. A man stabbed Miss Genovese __D_.(38 Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call the Police)a. As soon as she saw him in the lot.b. When she had got to the entrance to her apartment.c. Before she reached a street light in front of a bookstore.d. Before she got to a call box to the 102nd Police Precinct.6. Which statement is true?（Appetite）(A)a. When people have a thing too easily and too often, they will take it for grantedand miss out the pleasure of having it.b. Lee doesn’t like childrenc. Lee enjoys being hungry as it is a pleasure to him.d. when a person loses his appetite, he will soon die.7. One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, so(Appetite)(C)a. one should eat to one’s full.b. one should preserve this keenness of ling.c. one ought to have a taste of the multitudinous flavors of different kinds of foodd. one should starve it.8. In this essay, the prono un “you” is used to refer to (What Is It Like to Be Poor?)(C)a. man in generalb. the readerc., the writerd. none of the above9. But although affiliative behavior shares some of the properties associated with biological drives, I doubt whether our desire to make friends is really much influenced by adaptive considerations. By “biological drives” the author means (Befriending)(B)a. biological energyb. the animal instincts which spur us to do what we do.c. something which drives us togetherd. our human desire which drives us together.10. In fact, studies of friendship seem to implicate more complex factors. This sentence means that(Befriending)(C)a. studies of friendship involve more complex factorsb. studies of friendship imply that there are more complex factorsc. studies of friendship show that there are some more complex factorsd. studies of friendship are very complicatedIII. fill in the blank with a proper word from the words given(20%)Then the _trickle_of immigrants became a stream, and the population began to move _westward_- not to grab and _leave_ but to settle and live_, they thought. The _newcomers_ were of peasant _stock_, and they had their _roots_ in a Europe _where_they had been _landless_, for the possession of land was therequirement and the _proof_ of a higher social class than they had known.IV. Translation (20%)1. 当我把书点了一下，我发现书架上总共有50本书。