2017年北京林业大学英语笔译考研真题汇总整理

2017年北京林业大学翻译硕士专业考研必读信息

育明教育全面解析

2014北京林业大学MTI专业课真题回忆版

今年大纲有所变化，各个题型的分值也相应变化。

【211翻译硕士英语】

1.选择题（30’）：难度适中，今年有很大一部分是词汇辨析题，形近词等，语法题不多，复习的时候可以借鉴其他学校的真题。

2.阅读理解（40’）

其中两篇阅读理解是选择题，一篇内容是说宪法问题。另一篇记不清了。反正这两篇阅读不难。.

后两篇阅读理解题型是问答题，一篇内容介绍各个国家的教育模式，并相比较，记得有东南亚的国家。这篇文章介绍了美国教育模式的变化：最初，不同于其他国家只重视学生的分数等，美国重视学生的创造力，但是，随着世界名校依据分数的排名来定位名校，美国的教育模式也有所转化。一篇阅读有四五道问题，掌握了事件原因、影响、变化就可以了。问题不难，但是每个小问题，我觉得都应该像写一篇小作文一样，回答要有次序，多用连接词。例如，to begin with,firstly,secondly,what’s more.作文的加分点这里同样适用。

第二篇跟2010年专八的MINI-LECTURE Paralinguistic features of languages一部分的内容相似

Now,let's come to the second category,physical paralinguistic features,which involves the body.In addition to convey meanings with tone of voice,we can also express our intentions through the ways in which we use our bodies. You may ask:what are the ways,then?Let me sight some brief examples.The expression on our face,the gestures we make and even proximity or way we sit,are some of the ways we send powerful messages.About how we feel,or what we mean.Let me explain some of these in more detail.First,facial expression.Facial expression is a powerful conveyer of meaning.We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome.But there are other facial expressions that may not be so common.For instance,raising eye-brows-suggest that you are surprised or interested in something.Other facial actions,such as biting your lip,which indicates that you are deep in thinking,or are uncertain about something;compressing the lips,which show that you are making decisions;and a visible clenching of the teeth,to show that you are angry,are all powerful conveyers of meaning,too.The second in this category is gesture.You see,we use gesture to indicate a wide range of meanings.Though I have to emphasize that the actual gestures we use may be specific to particular cultures.That is to say different cultures have their own favorite gestures in conveying meaning.Here,a few examples may show you how powerful gestures can be.In British English behavior,shrugging shoulders may indicate an attitude of‘I don't care',or‘I don't know'.Crossing your arms may indicate relaxation.But it can also powerfully show you are bored.Waving can mean welcome and farewell.While

scratching your head may indicate that you are at a loss.In other cultures,placing your hand upon your heart is to indicate that you are telling the truth.Pointing your finger at your nose means it's a secret.That's why we say that gestures are culture bound.The third is proximity,posture and echoing.Proximity refers to the physical distance between speakers.This can indicate a number of things and can also be used to consciously send messages about intent.Closeness,for example,indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers.But distance may show formality,or lack of interest.Once again,I'd like to say,proximity is also both a matter of personal style,and is often culture bound.So, what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another.And standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as an informal party,but completely out of place in other situations,such as a meeting with a superior.Next,posture.Posture means the way in which someone holds his or her body,especially the back,shoulders and head,when standing,walking or sitting.

A few examples.Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of whether the person is happy or not.A lowered head when speaking to a superior,with or without eye contact can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures.On the other hand,direct level eye contact,changes the nature of interaction,and can been seen as either open or st,echoing.Now,what is echoing?Let me start with an example.Some of you may have noticed this phenomenon in your experience.When two people are keen to agree each other,they would likely, though unconsciously adopt the same posture,as if an imitation of each other.They sit or stand in the same manor. When used in this way,echoing appears to complement the verbal communication.Of course,when such imitation is carried out consciously,it often indicates that someone is marking at another speaker.

3.作文（30’）自然资源、能源的使用问题类Some people think that we should think globally,act locally.“放眼

全球，立足当地”的原则处理问题。

可以结合环境保护，我国的政策进行作答,实事短语可以增加一些亮点,发达发展国家的责任。

“Think globally,act locally”urges people to consider the health of the entire plannet and take action in their own communities and cities.

可持续发展sustainable development经济结构调整adjustment of the economic structure

【357英语翻译基础】

一共四道题，三篇英译汉，三篇汉译英，翻译是真正考察实力的，考完普遍觉得不是那么简单。

英译汉

第一篇讲述美国人的空间观念，中国人的“寻根性”，一本参考书里面的一段。