高考英语虚拟语气

一回顾与检测

二作业批改和反馈

三知识点讲解和解析

一、状语从句中的虚拟语气

(一) if 引导的条件状语从句(非真实条件)

Eg:

If I were you, I should accept the invitation.

如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。

If I had time, I would go there.

如果我有空，我就去那儿。

If you had come earlier, you couldn't/wouldn't have missed the bus.

如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。

If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book.

如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的

If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off.

万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。(事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。)

If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass, it would break.

万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

EX:

--if you had listened to me the other day, you_________ in trouble now.

A. are not

B. were not

C. would not be

D. would not have been

—Could you tell me how to do this exercise?

—Well,if you______________ to the teacher carefully yesterday,you______________ how to do it now.

A.had listened;would know

B.listened;would have know

C.would listen;know

D.has listened;knew

(二)目的状语从句

1．so that/ in order that ＋从句(从句用can/could/ may/ might/should/would ＋动词原形) We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus.

2．for fear that/in case that＋从句(从句用should＋动词原形)以防万一发生……

We got up early for fear that we should miss the first bus.

3．lest ＋从句(从句用should＋动词原形)以防万一发生……

We got up early lest that we should miss the first bus.

(三)方式状语从句

as if/though ＋从句，从句是不真实或者极少有可能存在的事实，从句用虚拟语气(从句的虚拟语气与wish 后的宾语从句虚拟语气类似)

She speaks English as though she were a native of New York.

EX:

The two students talked as if they( )friends for years

Ashould be B Would be C have been D had been

【注意】

as if/though引导的从句也可用陈述语，是当说话者认为句子所述的真是的或者极有可能发生存在的事实。

It looks as if it is going to rain.

二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气

1. 名词性从句中，表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义时，名词性从句用(should)＋动词原形。

①建议—advise, suggest, propose, recommend (advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation为名词)

②命令— order，command

③要求— request, require, demand, ask, insist (坚持要求) (request, requirement, demand为名词)

The doctor suggests I (should) exercise every day. (宾语从句)

It is suggested that I (should) exercise every day. (主语从句)

The doctor's suggestion is that I (should) exercise every day. (表语从句)

The doctor's suggestion that I (should) exercise every day sounds reasonable. (同位语从句) EX:

Class regulations require ______ is the last to leave the classroom ______ off all the lights.

A. who; should turn

B. whom; shall turn

C. whomever; turns

D. whoever; turn

【疑难点击】

1. suggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，不用虚拟语气。

insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，不用虚拟语气。

His face suggested that he was very sad.

The man insisted my little brother was a thief.

【疑难点击】

2. I wish (that )＋宾语从句(从句必须使用虚拟语气)。

①表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时。

I wish I were you.

How he wishes that he were a bird.

②表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时。

I wish I had seen the film last night.

We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year.

③表示愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/might/would ＋动词原形。

We wish we would live on the moon one day.

Eg:

—Most of my classmates went to th e exhibition yesterday.It’s really a pity you were absent.

—I wish I______________.

A.had

B.did

C.weren’t

D.could

—Don’t you want to go to karaoke bar with us?