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八年级上英语_知识点归纳_牛津深圳版
Chapter 1：Water
1.a little, much, no, too much, too little, not enough + 不可数名词
2.a few, many, no, too many, too few, not enough, many a + 可数名词
3.A lot of, lots of, some, no, not enough, a great deal of + 可数名词或不可
数名词
4.A little = not much a few = not many
5.经常在否定句中用" much", e.g. There is not much water.
6.与There be 句型搭配： There are a lot of people in the swimming pool.
7.用在特殊疑问句中：How much food is there? How many oranges are there?
8. " need"的用法，两种词性：
A.情态动词：need do sth./ needn't do sth.
B.实意动词：need to do sth./ don't need to do sth./ need sb to do sth.
C.We need water for drinking (表示目的）
9. It be + （ very much, quite， rather， a little, ) 形容词 + for sb + to so sth. 对某人而言做某事比较···, e.g. It's very important for us to learn English well.
10. 由" If " 引导的状语从句：主句用将来时态，If从句用一般时态
A.现在时态— We will be thirsty to death if there is no water.
B. 过去时态— We would have arrived at home if there was no traffic jam.
C.将来时态— They will go to American if they get their passport and Visa.
11. 英语中分数词的表达法：
A.用“基数词＋序数词”表示: 其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母, 分子除用one外，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。但是，1／2不能说a（one）second，而要说a（one）half。
e.g. one tenth, a tenth, two fifths, a half, three eighths, a quarter, three quarters, one fourth, three fourths,
B.分数修饰名词时，若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数；若是可数名词，用单数或复数均可。但是，若它们在句子中作主语，则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词，即与分
数所修饰的名词保持一致。例如：
Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen．氧气只占空气的1／5。
About two thirds of the students attend the meeting．大约2／3的学生都参加了会议。
C.用“基数词＋介词＋基数词”表示：借助介词表示分数，介词前的数词是分子，介词后的数词是分母，一般介词用" out of, of, in, to". 例如：．Ninety-nine people out of a hundred，if they were asked who first found America, would answer Clumbus．如果要问是谁首先发现美洲，一百个人中有九十九个（百分之九十九）将回答是哥伦布。
12. Until一词的用法：
A.当谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定形式：You can wait here until help comes. (直到..才）
B.当谓语动词时非延续性动词时，用否定形式：She didn't go to bed until her daughter came back. （直到她女儿回来了她才睡觉）
C.是否用not要取决于动词时延续性还是非延续性的，即使动词用否定形式，在翻译成汉语的时候都要说成“直到...才...”。
D." it was not until....that....", 强调句型。It was not until her daughter came back that she went to bed.
E.Not until放在句首，句子要倒装：Not until her daughter came back did she go to bed.
13.常用短语：Believe it or not, flush the toilet, at least, pour into the sink, waste water, clean up, in the first place.
Chapter 2 School newspaper
1." suggest"用法：建议，暗示，同义词" advise",
A.Suggest + doing sth. : She suggests going shopping at weekend.
B.Suggest + that ( should ) do sth. He suggested that school should hold a sports event.
2.Take charge of = be in charge of , 由...负责；be in the charge of ... 某物在某人的掌控之下
