中文疑难词英译
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【英语单词】10个很难翻译的英文单词【英语单词】10个难翻译的英语单词。
由于中英文化背景不同,思维方式不同,语言习惯不同,有些汉语翻译成英语很难。
同样,有些英语很难翻译成中文。
下面我列出了10个很难翻译成中文的英语单词。
你可以先理解它们的意思,然后试着在中文里找一个对应的词。
(关注这个网站,每天给你看英语单词)1)appointment/əˈpɔɪntmənt/难道你把它翻译为“约会”吗?是不是有一种基友见面的即视感?2)counterpart/ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt/词典的解释为“对应的人或物”,中文里很难有对应的说法。
这个词需要在不同的语境下,解释为不同的意思。
比如President Xi decided to visit his counterpart next month. 这句话里的 counterpart 竟然要翻译为解释为“特朗普”…3)serendipity/ˌserənˈdɪpəti/字典的定义是:意外发现异国事物的能力;侥幸意外找到宝藏。
这是一个逼格很高的词,但我总觉得中文里的“狗屎运”是个好翻译,但英文你可以说:The discovery of gravity was serendipity for Newton. 但你总不能翻译为“牛顿发现万有引力是狗屎运”吧?4)workshop/ˈwɜːrkʃɑːp/大家对这个词应该不陌生,但是很难翻译成中文。
有人把它解释为“研讨会”、“讲习班”,我猜他/她一定是干部。
5)Eudemonia/,juːdɪ'məʊnɪə/字典的解释是:理性积极的生活带来的快乐。
中文里没有这个概念,所以没有对应的名词。
其实我挺喜欢这个词的,因为这是亚里士多德提出的人类的终极价值。
6)patronize/ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/字典的定义是:以高人一等的态度对待。
我的理解为:以安慰的方式来控制对方,使对方蒙在鼓里。
大家体会一下这个句子:Don’t patronize me!7)crush/krʌʃ/该词做动词表示:“压碎、碾碎、压垮”。
二笔疑难词汇英文释义abducent adj.向外扩展的abidingly adv.永久地,不变地abluent n.洗洁剂adj.洗净的abjuration n.放弃, 发誓断绝ablution 洗身, 沐浴,斋戒沐浴, 洗礼abrim adv.充满着abroach adv.开个口使水流出adj.开口的abrogate vt.废除, 取消abruption n.分裂, 分离abstain v.禁绝, 放弃abstinence n.节制, 节欲, 戒酒accostable adj.易接近的accouche [美]产生; 创造; 接生accrescence n.添加, 成长accroach v.非法占有,强占accumbent adj.横卧的acridulous adj.辛辣的, (言语或语调)刻薄的acquiesce vi.默许, 勉强同意acred adj.拥有许多地产的acridity n.辛辣, 狠毒acritical adj.(指疾病)不危急的, 不危险的, 无极期的actuary n.保险精算师, 保险(业务)计算员acuition 锐敏性additament n.增加物adjudge vt.宣判, 判决, 把...判给, 认为adjunct n.附件, 助手,adj.附属的ado n.纷扰, 忙乱adventitous n.(尤指不寻常的人或事)出现, 到来,n. 基督降临,降临节adventurism n.(外交, 政治等方面的)冒险主义advertency vi.注意, 留意,n.广告aerogram n.无线电报, 航空邮件aesthetics n.美学, 美术理论, 审美学, 美的哲学affidavit n.<美>[律]宣誓书, (经陈诉者宣誓在法律上可采作证据的)书面陈述aflame adj.燃烧的, 激动的,adv.燃烧中agape adj.adv.张口发呆地, 目瞪口呆地agelike 同辈,年纪相同的人agelong adj.持续很久的, 久远的aglow adj.通红的, 发红的adv.发红地agnostic n.[哲]不可知论者agravic adj.失重的, 无重力区的agrestic adj.乡土的, 粗野的agrin adj.微笑的adv.微笑地akin adj.同族的, 类似的alimentation n.营养allay vt.减轻, 减少allegiance n.忠贞, 效忠aloofness 超然态度altruistic adj.利他的, 无私心的ambilateral adj.双方面的ameliorate v.改善, 改进amenable adj.应服从的, 有服从义务的, 有责任的amnesia n.健忘症anesthesia 麻醉;失去知觉antithesis n.对立面apathetic adj.缺乏兴趣的, 缺乏感情的, 无动于衷的apostatize vi.放弃信仰, 变节, 脱党appeasement n.缓和aptitude n.恰当, 智能, 聪明, 自然倾向,能力armistice n.停战, 休战arrant adj.彻头彻尾的, 声名狼藉的, 极恶的askew adj.歪斜的adv.歪斜地assuming adj.傲慢的, 不逊的, 僭越的asunder adv.分离, 成碎片attainment n.达到attire n.服装avouch v.确保awry "adj.歪曲的, 错误的adv.歪斜地"backwash n.浪涛, 逆流, 反响balk n.障碍, 梁木v.妨碍, (马)不肯前进balky adj.停止不前的, 倔强的, 执拗的balmy adj.芳香的, 温和的, 止痛的, (空气)温和的barbola n.堆绣, 剪贴画barkeep 酒吧间老板、酒吧间招待barkey [俗]船barney n. 吵闹,大吵大闹n.巴尼(Barnabas 的昵称)(m.)baseball "n.棒球, 棒球运动,垒球lěiqiú[softball; baseball]" bash v.怒殴, 打坏, <美俚>盛会, 狂欢n.怒殴, 猛击batteau n.两端尖的平底小舟bawdy adj.卖淫的, 妓女的, 好色的beacon n.烟火, 灯塔v.照亮bearing n.轴承, 关系, 方面, 意义, 方向, 方位.举止、风度beget vt.(书面语) 招致, 产生, 引起incurbegrudge vt.嫉妒, 羡慕, 舍不得给beguile vt.诱骗, 诱惑belabor vt.<古>痛打, 不断辱骂和嘲弄, 就...作过分的冗长的讨论或分析等。
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禁止阻止prominent突击显著著名promote促进促销使晋升(职务,级别等)prompt提示即时的敏锐的pronoun代名词pronunciation发音发音法proof证据证明校样能抵挡的property财产资产性质proportion比比例部分proportional相称的比例的proposal提议建议求婚prospect景色期望勘探prosperity繁华昌盛兴旺prosperous繁华的昌盛的protein蛋白质朊protest抗议provided以...为条件provision 供应预备存粮pudding布丁果冻puff喘气喷出一阵(风,烟)pulse脉搏脉冲脉动pump抽水的泵用抽机抽punch用拳猛打拳打punctual严守时刻的准时的pupil 学生小学生瞳孔puppet傀儡木偶purchase购买买purify提纯精炼(金属)purple 紫色紫的purse钱包小钱包小包pursue追赶追踪进行pursuit追赶追求事物qualify使其具有资格quality品质质量特征quantity数量quart夸脱(=品脱)quarterly 季度的季度地queer奇怪的古怪的queue行列排队等候quilt棉被制成棉被摘录编辑缝被子quit离开退出停止quiz测验提问quotation引文引证报价rabbit=hare兔子野兔racial种族的人种的rack搁物架行李架使苦痛折磨racket球拍radar雷达无线电测速器radiate发射光线辐射radiation(名)radioactive (radioactivity)放射性放射性的radium镭radius半径rag破布碎步抹布rage(一阵)狂怒敢怒raid袭击突然搜查rail横杆杆铁轨railroad铁路铁运rainbow虹彩虹rake耙子耙搜索range范围山脉排列rank阶级行列rapid快的急流rapidly 迅速地rat=mouse老鼠耗子rate比率速度价格ratio比比率rational理性的出于理性的raw未煮过的未加工的razor剃刀刮胡刀readily乐意的无困难地realm王国国土领域reap收割收货rear后面后面的抚养rebel(rebellion)造反造反者receipt收到收录收据recent(ly)最近的新近的reception接待招待会接收recite 背诵朗诵recognition认出识别辨别recollect回忆想起=recall recommend(ation)推荐介绍劝告recover重新获得挽回recovery重获痊愈恢复reed芦苇簧片reel 卷轴旋转卷...轴上refer使求助于...谈到reference参考出处提示refine精炼提纯reflect(ion)反射反映思考reflexion=reflection refrigerator冰箱冰藏库refuge庇护避难避难所refute驳斥反驳驳倒regarding关于region地区地带领域register登记注册regret懊悔抱歉懊悔(名)regular=regularly有规律regulate管制调整regulation 规章规则管理rehearsal排演预演演习rein缰绳控制reinfore增援支援加强rejoice欣喜高兴release释放放松发表relevant相关的贴近的reliability可靠性reliable可靠的可信赖的reliance信心信任信赖relieve/relief减轻救济援救reluctant不愿的勉强的remark评论谈论remarkable异常的非凡的remedy治疗补救Remote远离的遥远的冷淡的removal移动迁移解救render交纳给予着色renew 使更新更新rent租金租出租repent懊悔后悔repetition重复反复reply回答回复Reproach责备指责reproduce繁殖生殖resemble像类似reserve储备保留预定reservoir水库储水池residence居住驻扎居住resident居住的居民resign放弃辞职Resignation听从顺从辞职resist抵抗坚定决定resistant(形)resistance抵抗力resolution坚决坚定决定resolve解决决心决心(名)resort求救带去凭借带去之地Respective各自的各个的respond作答响应response作答回答响应responsibility责任责任心职责restless不安定的焦虑的restore恢复归还修补restrain抵制遏制限制restraint restrict限制限定约束restriction resume恢复重新开始retain保持保留保存retreat(被迫)退却后退reveal展现揭示揭露revenqe替...报仇报仇reverse颠倒翻转背面revise修订校订修改revolt反抗造反revolution革命逆转绕转revolutionary革命的革命者rhythm韵律格律音节rib肋肋骨ribbon缎带丝带带Rid使摆脱使去掉riddle谜语解谜筛ride骑乘车rider骑手附文附件ridge脊岭山脉垄ridiculous荒谬的可笑的rifle步袍来复枪ripe熟的时机成熟ripen使成熟rival竞争者竞争的roar吼叫呼喊吼roast烤炙烘robbery抢劫劫掠盗取robe=gown长袍衣服rod杆竿棒rope绳索rot烂腐坏腐烂rotary rotation rotate旋转的转动的rotten腐烂的发臭的rough(ly)粗糙的粗略的round圆的兜圈一轮rouse唤醒唤起惊起route路路线路程routine例行公事例行的常规的row (一)排(一)行划划船rub擦摩擦=friction rubber橡皮擦橡胶rude加工粗糙粗野的rug小地毯毛毯ruler统治者尺直尺romour谣言谣传rural农村的田园的rust 锈生锈氧化rusty生锈的荒疏的sacred神圣的庄严的sack袋麻袋开除sacrifice 牺牲宰牲祭神saddle鞍子马鞍sailor水手演员海兵=seaman sail帆船航行saint 圣徒基督教徒sake缘由原因salad色拉生菜莴笋salary薪水sale卖拍卖销售额Salute行举手礼向...致意敬礼sandwich三明治夹入satisfaction满意快意赔偿sauce saucer托盘碟调味汁酱汁sausage香肠腊肠saw锯锯开scale刻度比例攀登scar伤疤scarce缺乏的稀有的scarcely仅仅几乎不scare惊吓受惊scarf围巾披肩scatter使消散撒撒播scene现场道具scenery舞台布景风景scent气味香味香水schedule时刻表进度表scheme计划规划诡计scholar奖学金学问scholarship。
汉语新难词英译一保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non-performing loan层层转包和违法分包mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five-category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood-prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计foolow-up auditing工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state-owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro-active fiscal policy基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending二安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based; informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state“台独” 'independence of Taiwan'台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
第一篇形形色色的人1.一根筋儿 one track-minded.别跟他较劲了。
他一根筋,你还不知道?Stop reasoning with him. Don‟t you know he is one track-minded?2.出众的人a lulu要说漂亮,我们公司新来的秘书可算是个相貌出众的女孩子了。
Talking about being pretty, our company‟s new secretary is indeed a lulu.3.两面派two-faced我知道怎样对付两面派,而且一眼就能看出谁是一贯两面讨好的人。
I know how to ha ndle two-faced people and can even tell at the first glance who are in the habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds.(注:run with the hare an d hunt with the hounds指人两面讨好,不得罪任何一方的做法。
)4.傻大个儿a lummox听说那个傻大个儿把他们公司的买卖搞得一团糟。
It is said that the lummox has loused up their company‟s whole business.5.收破烂儿的人a rag man那些收破烂儿的人走街串户,有时也能挣不少钱。
Those rag men going from door to door sometimes may also earn quite a hand some sum of money.6.乡巴佬a hayseed她说她决不会嫁给一个乡巴佬,不管他多有钱。
She insisted that she would not marry herself off to a hayseed, no matter how rich he was.7.不三不四的人riff-raffs老张的家里总来些不三不四的人,可想而知老张不是什么好东西。
At random, arbitrary任意的,随意的,clumsily笨的,eccentric 古怪的,怪异的,异乎寻常的,forget it没关系,别在意,休想,不可能,cut down消减,减少,砍掉,cut out剪下,cut up切成小块,碎,cut off切断,分割掉,narrowly勉强地,considerate 体贴的,involve包含,需要,pull up停靠,in view of鉴于,考虑到,rather相反,allow for虑及,体谅,allow of容许,许可,distinguish oneself 表现突出,take on承担,take after与。
相象,at a loss困惑,不知所措,get the hung of充分利用,take possession of取得,neutral中立的,get across讲清楚,使人了解,by mail order邮购,approach对付,处理,industry勤劳, in terms of就。
而言, totally完全地, informed见多识广的, clarity清楚,明了, for life终身, like anything非常,像什么似的, be concerned with涉及, value…as把。
视为, assume假设,假定, cater to迎合, apply to适用到,适用于, correspond to相当于, make fo r有助于, subscribe to赞成,同意,订阅,订购, magpie喜鹊, perspective态度,观点, prosperous兴旺的,繁荣的, account描述,叙述, overwhelm击败征服, valid有效的,正式认可的, demanding可求的,费力的,要求高的, rewarding值得做的,有益的,blessed 令人愉快的,神圣的, awkward不方便的, flexible灵活的, at length详细地, at all costs不惜任何代价, at will随心所欲地,任意地, on end连续地, deserve应该得到。
摘要:时代飞速发展,汉语新难词不断涌现,翻译时颇难下笔,还有一些政策性很强的词句,翻译时颇费斟酌。
故而,中国译协中译外委员会(由来自外交部、中央编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中国国际广播电台、中国日报社的专家学者组成)定期组织研讨会议,讨论并规范目前外宣工作中的汉语新难词,向社会公布,以正视听。
以下选摘部分(均已注明出处,以显有据可稽)。
经济词汇保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non-performing loan层层转包和违法分包mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five-category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood-prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计foolow-up auditing工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state-owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro-active fiscal policy基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development 扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owedto the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending。
中文疑难词英译A.AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)爱丽舍宫Elysée Palace安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost按揭贷款 mortgage loan按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly暗亏 hidden loss澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday CultB.巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse把握大局 grasp the overall situation白马王子 Prince Charming白雪公主 Snow White白色行情表 white sheet白色农业white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)白手起家 starting from scratch白条 IOU note, IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来摆架子 put on airs摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances拜把兄弟 sworn brothers拜年 pay New Year call搬迁户 relocated families半拉子工程 uncompleted project棒球运动记者 scribe傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags 包干到户work contracted to households包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash包工包料 contract for labor and materials保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股 keep the State-held shares保健食品 health-care food保理业务 factoring business保护性关税 protective tariffs保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank本本主义 bookishness《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.蹦极 bungee, bungee jumping避免“大而全”的重复建设avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping) construction of "small and all inclusive projects"逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives比较经济学 comparative economics比上不足,比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 闭门羹 given cold-shoulder边际报酬 marginal return边缘科学 boundary science变相涨价 disguised inflation便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 标书 bidding documents表演赛 demonstration match剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody博彩(业)lottery industry博士生 PhD candidate补缺选举 by-election补贴与反补贴措施 subsidies and countervailing measures布达拉宫 Potala Palace布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system不败记录 clean record, spotless record不承诺放弃使用武器not undertake to renounce the use of force不打不成交 No discord, no concord.不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result不见不散 Be there or be square.不可再生资源 non-renewable resources不良贷款 non-performing loan不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)步行天桥 foot bridgeC.擦边球 edge ball, touch ball擦网球 net ball采取高姿态 show magnanimity采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market“菜篮子”工程 the "shopping basket' project (program)参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs沧海桑田Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world.What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time. 仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting差额投票 differential voting差额选举 competitive election茶道 sado查房 make/go the rounds of the wards拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition搀水股票water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a costlower that their face value)禅 dhyana产粮大省 granary province产量比1997年增加了2倍the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997产品结构 product mix产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management 产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure长二捆 LM-2E长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe长线产品 product in excessive supply厂长经理负责制 the factory director (manager) responsibility system畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"畅销产品marketable products; products with good market ;commodities in short supply ; goods in great demand.唱高调 mouth high-sounding words超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer超前消费 over-consuming, excessive consumption彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning城市中年雅皮士muppie (一批中年专业人士,附庸风雅,矫揉造作cutesification,崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification,攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风,由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成)城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas 吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects抽杀成功 hit through筹备委员会 preparatory committee出风头 show off; in the limelight出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口加工区 export processing zones出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate出口退税 refunding export taxes出口转内销domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports出家 pravrajana; cloister传销 multi-level marketing窗口行业 various service trades创建卫生城市:build a nationally advanced clean city创汇产品 foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park吹风会 (advanced) briefing春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train刺激内需 stimulate domestic demand辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 此地无银三百两A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy粗放式管理 extensive management促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy促进富余人员合理流动promote a rational flow of surplus personnel促进住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 存款保证金 guaranty money for depositsD.达到或接近国际先进水平reach or approach advanced international standards打破地区封锁和行业垄断 break regional blockades and trade monopolies"达标"活动 "target hitting" activities打白条 issue IOU打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering打假 crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局 break the deadlock打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove大包干all-round responsibility system; lump-sum appropriations operation大轰动 blockbuster大力扣杀 hammer大路货 staple goods大满贯 grand slam大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener大款 tycoon大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall大事化小,小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all大胜 white wash大腕 top notch大卫教 Branch Davidian大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series大学生创业 university students' innovative undertaking大要案 major and serious criminal cases大专生 junior college student大专文凭 associate degree大藏经 Tripitaka呆帐与坏帐stagnant debts and bad debts ;non performing funds带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits 待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting待业 job-waiting代职 function in an acting capacity单循环制 single round-robin system当日指数已1120点收盘the index closed finished ended at 120 on that day党群关系 Party-masses relationship党政机关 Party and government organizations道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9580点the Dow Jones industrial index average soared to 9580 points 捣浆糊 give the runaround 盗版VCD pirated VCD盗打(电话) free call on somebody else's expense through illegal means盗用公款 embezzlement单刀赴会 start a solo run倒票 speculative reselling of tickets倒爷 profiteer倒计时 countdown等外品 off-grade goods, rejects邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)第三产业third/tertiary industry, service sector, third sequence of enterprises第四产业 quaternary/information industry第一/第二/第三产业the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service sector)第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile 第一发球权 first inning第一发球员 first server第一双打 first pair地方保护主义 regional protectionism地方财政包干制system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances 地球村 global village地区差异 regional disparity地热资源 geothermal resources地市级城市 prefecture-level city点子公司 consultancy company电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number电话会议 teleconference电视直销 TV home shopping电子商务认证 e-business certification吊球 drop shot吊销执照 revoke license钉子户person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project定向培训 training for specific posts“豆腐渣”工程 a jerry-built project毒枭 drug trafficker毒品走私 drug trafficking(state-owned, state) enterprises独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise) "渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy短期债务 floating debt断交信 Dear John letter (from woman to man)对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革to corporatize large and medium-sized State-owned对...毫无顾忌 make no bones about ...对冲基金 hedge fund对外招商 attract foreign investment队长袖标(足球) skipper's armband多党合作制multi-party co-operation in exercising State power多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)夺冠 take the crownE.厄尔尼诺 El Nino恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor恶性循环 vicious circle遏制通货膨胀 curb (check, curtail) the inflationF.法轮功 Falun Gong Cult发行股票、债券 issue shares and bonds发扬优良传统 carry forward the fine traditions发优惠券以促销 issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视 develop literature, the arts, the press, publications, radio, film and television; promote literature and art, the press and publishing, radio, film and television发展新兴产业和高技术产业develop rising and high-tech industries发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业develop animal husbandry (livestock farming), aquaculture and forestry 反对铺张浪费oppose/combat extravagance and waste反倾销 anti-dumping防暴警察 riot police防止经济过热 prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy)防止国有资产流失prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets防止泡沫经济 avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in economy)分流下岗人员争取再就业redirect laid-off workers for reemployment扶贫、脱贫 poverty reduction and elimination妇幼保健 maternity and child careG.改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师 the chief architect of China's reform, opening and modernization drive改进产业结构和产品结构improve the industrial pattern and product mix该公司股票已经上市the stock of the company have been listed (have gone public, have been launched) 赶上或超过国际先进水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels 高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)个体户 self-employed households /people个人所得税 individual income tax个体工商业者 individual industrialists and businessman公务员public servants; civil servants; government functionaries; government employees股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system股份制 the joint stock system股票热降温了 the stock craze has abated股市指数 the stock market (exchange) index股市指数突破1300点大关 the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark股指暴跌,跌幅7.8%,以14.3元探底the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan鼓励兼并,规范破产encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures规模经济,减轻就业压力 to ease the pressure of employment (the employment pressure)国防科技 defense-related science and technology国际大都市 Cosmo polis国家指定考试 government-mandated test国家主席/总理/副总理/国务委员/部长/省长/厅、局长/县长/处长/科长/乡长/村民委员会主任president/premier/vice premier/state councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/ chairman of the village committee国家公务员制度 the system of public services国内生产总值/国民生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product)国事访问 a state visitH恒生指数(香港)宽幅震荡the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently获薄利 earn (make) narrow profits获厚利 earn (make, reap) substantial profitsHopefully-有希望地Hopefully (Adverb)有希望地,有前途地be hopeful about the future对未来怀着无限的希望Definition 1: In a manner characterized by a combination of desire and expectation.Usage 1:Constructions like "Hopefully, it won't rain" are often condemned because such statements contain nothing capable of hope for the adverb to modify. But it is odd that similar constructions using "frankly," "sadly" and "mercifully" are likely to pass without comment?hopefully" has for some reason been singled out for disapprobation. Although there is now generalacceptance that such "sentence adverbs" may be used to indicate the speaker's frame of mind, you may wish to avoid them if your speech or writing is going to be critically scrutinized. The noun and verb "hope" are parents to the adjective "hopeful" and its opposite "hopeless," and their associated nouns "hopefulness" and "hopelessness."Suggested usage: Test the knee-jerk pedants by using "hopefully" appropriately: "Hopefully, I'll be in the casino tonight." (You wouldn't go if you weren't hopeful.) But beware that a sentence adverb can be misinterpreted if people are the subject of your sentence: "They're to be married, hopefully, in the spring." (Do you hope for a spring wedding, or is their betrothal to be founded on nothing more than hope?)Etymology【语源】: "Hope" seems to have simply sprung into existence as Old English "hopa, hopian." The suffix "-ful" comes from "full," a Germanic word that has undergone the usual transformation of [p] to [f] as it evolved from the Proto-Indo-European *pel. The PIE word spawned Greek polus, "much," and plethos, "many." From these we derive the prefix "poly-" which indicates an abundance, and the noun "plethora," a super-abundance. The same PIE root underlies Latin plenus, "full," from which we have English "plenitude" and "plenty."容易混淆拼错的英语词在英语中,有些单词的拼法很相似,容易混淆,下面就是一些这类的词。