【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子
①This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
②The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey.
③Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
④This was a time when the two countries were at war.
⑤There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
[自我总结]①⑤为定语从句，与主句之间有逗号；②③④为定语从句，与主句之间无逗号。
【答案】非限制性限制性
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句
形式与主句之间不用逗号隔开与主句之间一般用逗号隔开
功能对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果去
掉，剩余部分的意义便不完整、不
明确
对先行词作附加说明，去掉后，句
子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确
先行词名词或名词性词组名词、名词性词组或整个主句
引导词所有的关系代词/副词除that和why之外的关系代词/副
词
翻译常译成前置定语常译成并列分句She has found the necklace(that)she lost two weeks ago.
她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。
She is working hard，which everyone can see.
她工作一直很努力，这是大家有目共睹的。
【提示】并非只有which才能引导非限制性定语从句。使用非限制性定语从句时，如
果先行词指人，可用who，whom或whose来引导；先行词指物，可用which，whose来引
导；先行词表时间或地点，可用when，where来引导(它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点
状语)。
二、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
1．as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。
2．as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。
3．as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all，as everybody can see，as is expected等。
He did the experiment successfully，as had been expected.
正如期望的那样，他试验做得非常成功。
He failed in the experiment，which was unexpected.
他试验失败了，这是没有料到的。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A．where B．which
C．what D．when
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。
【答案】 B
2．(2013·山东高考)There is no simple answer，is often the case in science.
A．as B．that C．when D．where
【解析】考查定语从句。此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。
【答案】 A
3．I am going to the airport to meet my uncle tomorrow morning，he will be back from abroad.
A．who B．when
C．where D．which
【解析】when为关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tomorrow morning；when在从句中作时间状语。
【答案】 B
4．The reason he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn't give him an invitation earlier.
A．how B．which
C．why D．because
【解析】句意：他拒绝出席会议的原因是他们没有提前邀请他。he refused to attend the meeting是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，故用关系
副词why引导，why在从句中作原因状语。
【答案】 C
5．The place I visited last summer is just the place I spent my childhood.
A．that；where B．that；that
C．where；where D．where；that
【解析】句意：今年夏天我去参观的那个地方就是我童年待的地方。分析句子结构可
知，第一个定语从句的先行词为the place，从句中缺少visited的宾语，用that/which引导，亦可省略；第二个定语从句的先行词为第二个空前的the place，从句中缺少状语，用where 引导，故A项正确。
【答案】 A
6．The newly－built cafe，the walls of are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.
A．that B．it
C．what D．which
【解析】从句子结构看，cafe后面为非限制性定语从句，因此只能选择which作the walls of的宾语，表示“咖啡馆的墙壁”。the walls of which相当于whose walls。
【答案】 D
7．John said he'd been working in the office for an hour，was true.
A．he B．this
C．which D．who
【解析】指代主句中he'd been working in the office for an hour这一情况，因此只能选
择which，在从句中作主语。
【答案】 C
