高考英语虚拟语气历年考点分析-情态动词和虚拟语气历年典型题训练费县实验中学：朱宗彩
虚拟语气在高考中的频率不高，主要考查以下5个方面:
考点一、含有if引导的状语从句的虚拟语气考点二、虚拟语气省略if的倒装情况
考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）
考点五、含蓄条件句
考点精讲
考点一、含有if引导的状语从句的虚拟语气
（1）若与现在事实相反从句形式为：_______________主句形式为：_______________
If he came here, he would/should/could/might help me.
（2）若与过去事实相反
从句形式为：____________主句形式为：______________
If you had come here yesterday, you would/should/could/might have seen the expert.
3）若与将来事实相反句形式为：____________________/________________/_______________
. 主句形式为：______________-
If he met me, he would/should/could/might be very happy.
If you should come here, you would/should/could/might meet many classmates.
If we were to do that, we would/should/could/might make good preparation.
高考真题1：
It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(2002上海)
A．wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
考点二、虚拟语气省略if的倒装情况
注意：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有动词were, should或had，有时可以省略连词if，而把这三个词放在主语之前，变成倒装句。如Were I a bird, I would fly.
高考真题2：
______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006湖北)
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
高考真题3：
.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu river.(1994上海)
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Will
考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
suggest, insist, request, demand, order等表示“建议、坚持、要求、命令”等含义时，这些动词后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。
常见动词有：一个“坚持”（insist）；两个“命令”（order, demand）；三个“建议”（advise, suggest, propose）；四项“要求”（demand, require, request, ask）。
特别说明：suggest当“建议”讲时，that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用(should)+动词原形；
当“暗示，说明，表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词视情况而定。
He suggested that Mr. Smith __________________(invited) to the party.
His pale look suggested that he __________(be)in poor health.
insist当“坚持要……”表示命令时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+do; 当“坚持说，硬说”讲时，不用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词形视情况而定。
He insisted that the conference __________________(put off) till the next month.
典例1 The look on his face suggested that he_____ angry and we______ him alone.
A. was, left
B. was, should leave
C. should be, should leave
D. should be, left
典例2
He insisted that his suggestion ______ right and we______ the plan into practice as soon as possible.
A. was, put
B. was, must put
C. should be, should put
D. should be, put
上述动词的名词形式，如suggestion, order, proposal, demand, request, advice, idea等名词在句中作主语、表语、宾语，并且后面出现表语从句、同位语从句时，从句用 should+do, should可以省略。
如：It is requested that all the books __________________ to each school as soon as possible.
要求把所有的书尽快送到每个学校。
My suggestion is that we ___________(try) the experiment another way.
It’s necessary/important/strange/surprising/ natural… that…句式表达了说话人的命令、要求、建议或者惊讶，从句中应用should+do,其中should可省略。
It is a pity/ a shame / no wonder等＋that从句
It is suggested (decided, ordered, requested, etc) that…
典例3 His suggestion is that the harvest_____ in before the rainy season comes.
A. be got
B. get
C. should get
D. got
考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）
有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间是不一致的（如一个是过去发生的，一个是现在发生的），这时动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。
例如：
If I had followed the doctor’s advice, I would be better now.如果我听了医生的建议,我现在可能就好多了.
If you ___________ hard then, you _________in the university now.如果那时你努力一些,你现在就上大学了. If the doctor ______sooner last night, the patient _______ alive now.如果医生昨晚能早来一会儿,病人现在可能就活下来了.
考点五、含蓄虚拟条件句：
有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。主要有以下几种情况。
1) 用with, without，but for等介词短语来替代条件从句, 它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：We might have died without your he lp. =We might have died if you hadn’t helped us.
Without the sun, nothing would grow. = __________________________________..没有太阳，万物都不能生长。
2) 用or, otherwise, but that, suppose/ supposing (that), provided / providing (that) 等引导的虚拟语气。如：You didn’t come yesterd ay, or you__________________him.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。
I was very busy last week, otherwise I _____________________ you.我上周很忙，否则的话，我就来看你了。_____________I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on.
假如我还是一个小孩子的话，我将从现在开始努力学习。
3) 通过上下文来表示虚拟：这种情况下，需要加以分析。
I would have given you more money, but I was so poor then.
我（那时如果有钱的话）就可以给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。
I would have called you, but I ______ your telephone number.
我本来可以给你打电话，但是我（那时）忘了你的电话号码。
4）由should +动词原形或者should/could/might have +过去分词构成的虚拟语气。
种情况下，虚拟条件句经常省略，而只剩下主句结构，如：
I should have told you that, but I was afraid that you couldn’t accept the fact.
我本应该告诉你那件事，但我担心你不能接受这个事实。
在重点复习以上常考内容的基础上，请大家附带复习以下内容
1.as if 和if only所引导的虚拟语气
“as if ”所引导的从句表示与事实相反时用虚拟语气，与事实相同时不用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气时同if引导的状语从句部分的虚拟语气形式。
“if only…”表示“要是……就好了”时使用虚拟语气。形式同if引导的状语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。
wish=if only+从句（从句谓语动词有三种形式）
