现在完成时（课堂教学设计）
一：现在完成时的定义和基本句式结构：
通过例句导入，引导学生找出两个例句的不同之处，引出现在完成时的定义。
I saw the film yesterday. ( 强调昨天看了这部电影)
I have already seen the film three times. (强调已经看过这部电影，潜台词是对这部电影
情节较熟悉了或是不想再看了)
定义：1. 过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
2. 过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。
结构：have/has +V过去分词
例句：1、I have played basketball for 2 years.
2、He has danced for 5 years.
3、I haven’t seen her these days.
二：动词过去分词的构成：
1. 规则变化：
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed ”。work---worked---worked
(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ”。live---lived---lived
(3)以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“-ed”。study—studied—studied
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母（r、y、x除外），先双写该辅音字母，再
加“-ed”。stop—stopped—stopped
2. 不规则变化：
AAA型cut-cut-cut let-let-let
AAB型beat-beat-beaten
ABA型become-became-become
ABB型bring-brought-brought dig-dug-dug
ABC型break-broke-broken
练习：写出下列所给单词的过去式及过去分词
cost _______ meet ______ get ______ teach ______
control _______ study ______ stop ______ live _______
三、现在完成时的否定句及一般疑问句形式：
例句：He has danced for 5 years.
否：He hasn’t danced for 5 years.
一般疑问句：----Has he danced for 5 years?
-----Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.
练习：1、Julia has gone home.（改为一般疑问句）
____ Julia_____ home?
2、Jim has been to Japan before.（改为否定句）
Jim ____ _____ to Japan before.
3、My parents has been to Hainan for their holidays（对画线部分提问）
______ ______ your parents ______ for their holidays ?
四、现在完成时的时间标志词
例句导入：He has never met that kind of person.
My mom has changed my bedroom already.
Have you finished your homework yet.
Have you ever met the person?
现在完成时的时间标志：
练习：
1、Have you _______ been to shanghai?
A、yet
B、ever
C、already
2、Have you finished your workbook ______?
A、already
B、yet
C、never
3、He ______ seen the film, so he doesn’t want to see it again.
A、has
B、hasn’t
C、have
4、------_____ they watered the flowers?
------Yes, they have.
A、Do
B、Does
C、Have
D、Has
五、现在完成时的重难点突破：
难点（1）：for 和since 的用法区别
例句导入：Look at the two pictures and find the difference between them.（家乡变化的图片）引出：Our hometown has changed since 10 years ago.
Our hometown has changed for 10 years.
Our hometown has changed since 2008.
Our hometown has changed since I came here.
总结：for 和since 的用法区别
for 后面跟时间段。
since 后面跟过去的时间点、或者一段时间+ago、或者一般过去时的从句。
用since 和for 填空。
练习：1、I have been here ______ 2000.
2、I have been here_______5 years ago.
3、I have been here_______10 years.
4、I have been here_______ I was born.
难点（2）：瞬间性动词和延续性动词的转换
瞬间性动词不能和for、since连用，需要转换成延续性动词。转换方式如下：
