2019年中考首字母填空解题技巧讲解
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专题01 连词-2019年中考英语短文填空题型分析与高分秘籍(解析版)专题01 连词一.短文填空设题特点短文填空类题各地题型五花八门,但是“提示词+纯空格”、“10/11/12选10”、“根据首字母提示填空”这三种题型是各地中考采用的最多的题型。
本次只讲“提示词+纯空格”型。
这种题型的特点是:有0-4个空没有给出单词,需要根据该空的意思或在句子中的成分来确定填什么词;有6-10个空给出了单词,要求用该词的正确形式填空。
其中以3个纯空格和7个给出词形式最多。
根据设题特点可以分析该题型考什么和怎样考。
弄清了考什么和怎样考,我们就明白该怎么做了。
通过上表不难看出,没有给出词的纯空格题主要考查连词,介词,冠词和代词。
其中连词占多数,其次是介词,再者是冠词,代词偶而考查。
给出的词主要有动词,名词,形容词,数词和代词,对这类题要根据该词在句子中的作用确定其形式。
对给出词的考查,动词占多数,其次是形容词、名词、代词,数词和副词偶尔考查。
对动词的考查主要有:1)作谓语;2)作非谓语;3)动词变名词对名词的考查主要有:1)变复数;2)变所有格;3)变形容词对形容词的考查主要有:1)变副词;2)变名词;3)变比较级;4)变最高级对副词的考查主要是:变比较级对代词的考查主要有:1)格的变化;2)变反身代词对数词的考查主要是:基数词变序数词二.语法填空题的解题技巧从以上对短文填空题的特点分析可以很清楚地看出,这类题考什么以及怎么考。
由此我们也就明白了该怎么做了。
因为纯空格题,主要考查考生只需考虑这四类词,连词,介词,冠词和代词,所以对于纯空格题,考生可根据句子结构考虑用连词、介词、冠词还是代词。
对于有给出词题,可根据给出词的词性,根据以上归纳出的考点进行变化。
考点一连词连词的考查主要有:并列连词;引导定语从句的关系词;引导名词性从句和状语从句的连接词。
引导定语从句的关系词是语法填空题考查的重点。
做题时,首先要分析句子,判断该空所在的句子是并列句还是复合句。
综合填空答题技巧一、题型介绍综合填空,即首字母填空,是近年来天津中考常用题型之一,每空1分,共10分。
采用一篇短文,空出十个空,给出首字母提示,让考生根据内容填出所空缺的单词。
这种题型属于能力测试的范畴,它所考查的内容范围很广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还会涉及其他方面的知识和生活常识等问题。
它往往有一定难度,能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。
它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
这种试题的首字母已给出,这既是一种限制,又是一种提示。
要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。
二、知识与技能1. 积累词汇要掌握好所学的单词和短语及一些固定搭配,并且掌握它们的常用法,这是答题的基础知识储备。
你心里没有装着足够的词汇,做起题来就会有困难。
2. 分析语境很多情况下,你要填的单词与上下文有紧密的联系,这也就是语境。
这时一定要分析上下文才能想出来,有可能在上下文还会出现该词或者相关的词,所以你要具有善于分析的能力和一双善于发现的眼睛。
3. 词性词形我们可以根据上下文及本句判断所要填的单词的词性,这需要我们有一定的语法知识,要懂词法,懂句法,并且会带着空去分析。
词性判断准确有利于更快地想出答案,并正确使用单词的各种形式。
4. 逻辑推理文章总是有一定逻辑的,除了时间、地点、人物等关系,还要学会看出列举、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件等关系。
5. 翻译技巧翻译是理解和填空的必要条件,尤其是一些复合句和带生词的句子,翻译准确才能促使你想出答案。
三、答题技巧1. 通读短文第一遍通读,看懂文章大意,同时看你能填上几个词,这取决于你平时的语言理解能力和词汇量。
2. 细读分析第二遍细读,要翻译,要分析句式,要分析词性,要看上下文。
有的根据一句话就可以想出答案,有的要根据上下文才能想出。
(1)依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词:如:They are l forward to visiting the factory. 我们知道look forward to是“盼望……”的意思,所以答案是l ;(2)依据语法知识进行填词:如:It was a l earlier. 从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级,我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词,那此题答案就是l ;(3)依据常识的积累进行填词:如:But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr White said nothing but only one word “S .” Mr. White迟到了,他的朋友很生气,他什么都没说,只说了一个字“S .”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉,所以填S ;(4)依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词:如:One Sunday aftern oon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together. 根据句意,Mr. White 高兴地开着车去他的朋友家,然后一起去看电影,我们可以进行逻辑推理,他肯定是去接他的朋友,所以填p 。
中考英语:四招攻克英语首字母填空英语作为中考[微博]必考科目,在考试当中占着很大比重,中考主观型完形填空即首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空,这部分属于容易得分的部分,想要拉开距离,就必需要在这部分下功夫。
完形填空的特点是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”,留下该词的首字母,它既作为提示又作为限制,让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整,使文章连贯。
中考英语:四招攻克英语首字母填空中考英语:四招攻克英语首字母填空同学们在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下,应采用先易后难,再逐项填空的应试策略。
做题时要通过字里行间来捕捉信息,既要理清逻辑,又要综合考虑,最后通过复读全文来消除疏漏。
首字母填空类短文的阅读题属于能力测试的范畴,它考查的范围极广,可以是中考英语知识的方方面面,还可能涉及其它学科。
它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
来看看常用的答题技巧如下:1、通读短文知大意,看整体全面了解与阅读理解题和其它类型的完形填空一样,首先要通读短文,了解文章的大意。
每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。
因此通读全文时要一气呵成,只要能了解短文的大意即可,细节不理解可以跳过。
因此,在解题之前通读一遍短文,目的是对文章有个全面的了解,弄清其中心思想和大意。
2、复读短文抓信息,前后照应巧猜词在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文,目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。
在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头(一般不设空)和结尾,它们能提供主要的信息,帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。
在阅读过程中,要注意上、下文的关系,这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。
另外,要学会跳读,即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式,待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。
有些短文填空题,有时出现约3%~5%的生词是很正常的,这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测,来确定它的词义。
3、反复推敲多分析,慎重答题讲合理再次通读短文,对留空的句子进行全面的分析,看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。
中考初中英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解初中英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解一、解题步骤二、技巧详解1. 浏览全文,把握大意首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。
要通读首字母填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容。
其次要重视文中的主题句。
首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。
主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。
我们甚至能以主题句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
再次,要利用语境进行联想。
利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
2. 熟记短语,注重语境它们的搭配规律,在做首字母填空时就能得心应手,减少失误。
另外,词语搭配也值得注意。
从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列。
如:save the money,have an interesting talk with,a few year ago等。
真题示例—熟记短语So what makes people think and behave in certain ways?Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby gets its blood type, genes(基因)and other physical things when it’s still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby will be l__88____.Key: 88. likeYou can collect anything, from stamps to toys to football match programmes to old photos. In fact, some people haveextraordinary (不寻常的) collections.For example, Robert Opie collects things we usually t 89 away, things like old newspapers, sweet papers and boxes. He has more than a quarter of a million things in his collection and you can find some of them in his own museum in Gloucester, UK…When Stuart Graham from Sydney, Australia died aged 87, he left b 90 some extraordinary collections. His son Andy only discovered Stuart was a keen collector when he found a collection of over 5,000 old bus tickets, 3,000 old match boxes and 1,000 toy soldiers.Keys: 89. throw 90. behind“Sorry,” his friend int errupted (打断). “Today I’m going wherever the wind blows.” This answer was so d____91____from the boy’s expectation (预期) that he had nothing to say. Later, the boy told his mother about it. His mother said, “You should ask him what he would do if there were no wind.”Key: differentThe written word is one of the most powerful forms of expression. Classic literature (经典文学)written many yearsago still has the power to educate people. Many people find it difficult to read the classics. In fact, reading the classics can be fun especially as you grow up and d 86 a deeper understanding of the world…key: developRead for enjoyment. Classic literature should be read for enjoyment as well as education. Look for the works by authors you are f 87 with or have heard about through movies or TV.Choose the type of classic literature that you enjoy reading from past experience.Key: familiar高频短语 真题演练:When cartoon characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colors and often get special power. In the realw____88____, anger is less obvious…They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure (血压), and fewer problems on sleeping. So it doesn’t m____91____ if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Ways such as d____92____ breath can help you a lot, or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with so meone else.Keys: world; matter; deepIn all, 50% of Wayview students get to school in a vehicle, e 88 the bus or a car.Key: eitherI really like reading and writing short stories. These stories are usually about 6 to 20 pages long which f 86 on an interesting person, a problem which the person had, and what happened when the person tried to solve the problem. All societies seem to have an oral storytelling tradition in which people met t 87 to tell each other short stories, and in which parents told their children stories at bedtime.Keys: focus togetherStress is a normal physical response to things that make people feel worried. In China, 70 percent of the 2,000 students about to take the college or high school entrance examination are under high stress, according to a recentthink about/of/overkeep/enjoy/practice/finish doingat least/mosteither…or/ neither…nor/ both…andbe thankful tobe different from be familiar to/with be pleased/satisfied withs 87 by Wuhan University of Hubei province.Key:survey/study真题示例—注重语境I also like reading novels. One of my favourite novels is called Life of Pi. It is written by a Canadian called Yann Martel, and is about an Indian boy who spends a long time at sea after a shipwreck (海难) a 91____ with nobody but a tiger. What about you? Do you have a favourite novel?Key:91. aloneSometimes stress is good for people. It p 88 people to do their best, like while getting ready before a big competition or exam…When you feel stressed, there are some ways you can deal with it. Learning to work out small problems in everyday life is h 90 . It can help build confidence to move on to life’s bigger ones.Key:88. pushes 91. helpfulIn August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems such as headache and sore throat etc. during this month. In the Northeast and Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times.People in these states have more heart trouble because of the c____86____ weather in February or March…Key:changeableThe weather can influence intelligence…Weather a____89____ has strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during the months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people have a hard time in hot s____90____. At a temperature of about 18 oC, people become stronger and feel best…Low air pressure (压力) may make people f____91____. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low air pressure days.Key:also summer forgetful“There is no love which is more sincere than the love of food,” said Anglo-Irish writer George Bernard Shaw. Like Bernard Shaw, many writers e 86 food very much, and they say and write interesting things about it. Key:enjoyBut o ne’s personality doesn’t stop here. Family life, school learning and life experience can also make you the person you are. This doesn’t mean it’s i 89 to change your personality. You can always try to make yourself better…Key:impossibleIf you don’t know how to make friends, find out why. Is it because you are too s 91 ? Tell yourself to smile at people. Start talking to people using warm greetings.Key:shy“Nine o’clock, too. And I go home for lunch and dinner, just as if I worked at an office.” His words s____88____ me, because every time I ride in a taxi, what I hear from the driver is only complaints. They complain that they have to work from morning till night, that it is hard to earn money, that they are bullied(欺负)by the police, or tha t the leaders enjoy the fruits of their work…Key:88. surprisedI don’t like management work. I like driving, just out of pleasure. It’s lucky that I s___90____ drive without a passenger. So I can earn three or four thousand yuan a month easily. Any trick? Yes, I never follow an e___91____taxi. If it goes southward, I go northward. If it goes along the highway, I turn into a narrow street. In this way I always get customers.”Key:90. seldom 91. empty 92. simple3. 关注语法,合乎逻辑语法知识对做好首字母填空十分重要。
首字母填空解题技巧及高频单词首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点,但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧,静下心来认真对待,细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。
在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤:1、通读全文,理解短文大意,判断需填选项的词性,同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。
2、在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考,把自己想象成作者去努力使文章完整、通顺。
对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过,而不能在上面纠缠,因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提示。
3、进一步阅读全文,力求整篇文章完整通顺,且符合情理,否则宁缺勿乱。
4、检查每一个答案的正确性,包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用等等。
填连词连词是用来连接一个从句的,在分析确定填连词后,翻译一下上下句,连词就可以确定了。
常考的连词有b开头的but,because,before;u开头的until和unless;wh-的宾语从句的连接词;以及although,though,so等。
●中考真题练习【例1】A month later, Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money, s_________ he phoned him.(2004年中考)【分析】he phoned him是一个句子,前面又是个逗号,确定其为前句的从句,翻译一下句意就知道两句是因果关系:Christopher没有收到Jeff的来信,或任何钱,所以他打电话给他了。
确定填so。
【例2】I asked him w________ he was going and he said he was going to work.(2006年中考)【分析】he was going是I asked him的宾语从句,w开头的肯定是连接词,分析从句缺少的成分,go后可填疑问副词when或where,再看后文提示he was going to work,确定where而不是when。
中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解学法指导1. 总述首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力,也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。
其中,着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力,根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。
一般来讲,在考试中,七个首字母,会涉及到不同词性。
以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主,虚词为辅。
2. 解题技巧(1)通读全文,了解大意通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章,迅速的了解文章大意,并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。
通读全文时,不宜看一空填一空,以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。
(2)把握段首句中考的首字母往往以议论文为主,而段落的开首句,往往揭示了整段的段意。
因此在考试中,把握好段首句,可以窥探到整段的全貌,以首句的时态,意义为立足点,可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。
(3)抓住关键词文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的,因此在文章中,作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词,例如:but、so、in addition等。
这些关键词,可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析,了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。
(4)熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置,而在首字母中,也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况,因此,在平时的学习过程中,需要巩固好考纲词组。
(5)联系上下文解题在解题过程中,应当遵循“先易后难”的原则,当遇到解不出的题时,应当跳过。
首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解,因此,很多情况下,随着下文的展开和文章的深入,前面填不出的词,在下文中会有提示。
因此,学生在作答时,应当加强联系前后文,充分利用上下文中的有效信息,确定答案。
(6)重读文章,检验答案当全部答完后,一定要把文章重新读一遍。
查看文章是否通顺,语法是否有误。
如果发现有不顺畅的地方,则需要再进行推敲。
个别单词的形式要着重注意。
中考英语“首字母填空” 分析 给首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一,这种题难度相对较大,考生失分现象严重。下面就讲一讲做这类题的方法与技巧。给首字母填空类短文的阅读题属于能力测试的范畴,它考查的范围极广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
一、弄清文章大意 首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。要通读首字母填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容。其次要重视文中的主题句。首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。我们甚至能以主题句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
二、作好句法分析 通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语,要填的应当是名词或代词;如果是谓语,要填的就应是动词;如果是在名词前作定语或者在系动词后作表语,要填的应当是形容词;如像We ______busy. He ______fine.之类的句子,busy, fine都是形容词,也就是说句中还无动词,这一定是填系动词be, look等。如果是已经在文章前用方框给出了供选择的单词,通过这样的句法分析,就会将范围大大的缩小,可能就会只剩下一、两个单词了。
三、考虑词形变化 是名词或代词要考虑是该用单数还是用复数;是人称代词是用主格还是宾格;如果是动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;是谓语动词是主动语态还是被动语态,还要考虑该用哪一种时态;是非谓语动词是用-ing形式,不定式还是用过去分词。等等。切不可一确定是填哪个单词后,就在不作任何考虑的情况下填上去,放了不该放的错。
四、熟记短语,注重语境 短语经常会出现在首字母填空的考题中,如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆,掌握它们的搭配规律,在做首字母填空时就能得心应手,减少失误。另外,词语搭配也值得注意。从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列。
中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解学法指导1. 总述首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力,也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。
其中,着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力,根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。
一般来讲,在考试中,七个首字母,会涉及到不同词性。
以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主,虚词为辅。
2. 解题技巧(1)通读全文,了解大意通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章,迅速的了解文章大意,并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。
通读全文时,不宜看一空填一空,以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。
(2)把握段首句中考的首字母往往以议论文为主,而段落的开首句,往往揭示了整段的段意。
因此在考试中,把握好段首句,可以窥探到整段的全貌,以首句的时态,意义为立足点,可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。
(3)抓住关键词文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的,因此在文章中,作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词,例如:but、so、in addition等。
这些关键词,可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析,了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。
(4)熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置,而在首字母中,也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况,因此,在平时的学习过程中,需要巩固好考纲词组。
(5)联系上下文解题在解题过程中,应当遵循“先易后难”的原则,当遇到解不出的题时,应当跳过。
首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解,因此,很多情况下,随着下文的展开和文章的深入,前面填不出的词,在下文中会有提示。
因此,学生在作答时,应当加强联系前后文,充分利用上下文中的有效信息,确定答案。
(6)重读文章,检验答案当全部答完后,一定要把文章重新读一遍。
查看文章是否通顺,语法是否有误。
如果发现有不顺畅的地方,则需要再进行推敲。
个别单词的形式要着重注意。
中考英语阅读首字母填空解题技巧讲解一、考点分析首字母填空在中考和一模二模中所占的分值比重较大,为固定分值14分,7个空。
它是阅读理解部分里最难的一部分,也是学生特别容易失分的题型。
它不仅考察学生的词汇量,同时也检测了学生的综合运用能力。
因此掌握好首字母填空的解题技巧非常重要。
二、专题详解首字母填空解题技巧:1. 跳过空格,通读短文,了解大意。
2. 复读短文,确定语义,判断句子成分。
3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性,缩小范围。
4.联系上下文,找关键信息推测出答案。
5.通读短文,检查答案。
注意时态,语法,以及词性等问题。
上海市五年中考试卷首字母填空考查要点统计从统计表中不难看出,考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
具体做题方法:(一)从词性考查角度分析:1. 名词:单复数形式, 所有格的用法1. September 10th is Teachers’ Day.2.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.2. 动词:时态语态的变化3.We could not run faster than cheetahs , so we _invented__(发明)cars and now we can move the fastest4.When you laugh ,you will open___ your mouth and your teeth.3. 形容词、副词:比较等级的用法5. Last Sunday,we played h_appily_____ in the park, though we were very tired.6.Summer is the hottest season of the year.4. 代词:单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法7. Help yourself to some fish,Jim.8. Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ”9.This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.5. 连词:并列与从属连词的用法10.For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs.11. She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill.(二)从句子成分角度分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。
初中英语首字母填空解题技能首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省.市中考题经常采取的题型之一,这种题难度相对较大,考生掉分现象很轻微.主不雅型首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空.它的特色是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”,留下该词的首字母,它既作为提醒又作为限制,让我们依据短文的意思把单词拼写完全,使文章连贯.学生们在通读全文.控制大意的前提下,采取先易后难,再逐项填空的应试计谋.做题时要经由过程字里行间来捕获信息,既要理清逻辑,又要分解斟酌,最后经由过程复读全文来清除疏漏.给首字母填空类短文的浏览题属于才能测试的领域,它考核的规模极广,可所以英语常识的方方面面,还可能涉及其它学科.它请求考生在充分懂得短文的基本大将单词拼写出来,并且单词情势合理,相符语律例范,相符短文须要.下面就讲一讲做这类题的办法与技能:1. 通读短文知大意,看整体周全懂得与浏览懂得题和其它类型的完形填空一样,起首要通读短文,懂得文章的大意.每篇短文段落之间必定承上启下.前呼后应.是以通读全文时要趁热打铁,只要能懂得短文的大意即可,细节不睬解可以跳过.是以,在解题之前通读一遍短文,目标是对文章有个周全的懂得,弄清个中间思惟和大意.2. 复读短文抓信息,前后照顾巧猜词在懂得文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文,目标是对短文有更进一步的懂得.在浏览时要特殊留意一篇文章的开首(一般不设空)和结尾,它们能供给重要的信息,帮忙懂得全文所描写的事宜或文章的中间思惟.在浏览进程中,要留意上.下文的关系,这对于掌控文章的整体意义大有效途.别的,要学会跳读,即对不睬解的地方采取临时躲避的方法,待真正懂得全文之后再找解决的办法.有些短文填空题,有时消失约3%~5% 的生词是很正常的,这就要肄业生依据构词常识或上.下文的意思加以猜测,来肯定它的词义.3. 重复斟酌多剖析,郑重答题讲技能再次通读短文,对留空的句子进行周全的剖析,看它在全文中所处的地位.感化和意义.这一遍浏览请求是精心浏览,要留意找出症结词.短语或句子,还要联合所给首字母的提醒,进行填写,并留意单词的准确情势.4. 卖力复查全文,掌控整体和词形做完今后,再卖力读一遍,检讨所填写的单词是否与文章请求相符,文章是否通顺,前后是否呼应,有无句型构造及语法错误.从现实中看,许多学生可以或许充分应用词首字母和短文内容填写单词,但是,问题往往出如今单词的情势变更上.比方填q ,请求填写quickly ,而多半考生只知道填写quick ,疏忽了词性问题.是以,沉思熟虑很重要.经由过程以上对首字母填空类型题的讲授,同窗们必定对这类题型有了更多的懂得,控制了此类题的考点和做题的技能后,给同窗们预备了以下的演习题,请同窗们实时巩固进修内容.。
第1 页共11 页一、浏览全文,把握大意二、熟记短语,注重语境三、关注语法,合乎逻辑四、细心检查,避免疏漏
2019年中考首字母填空解题技巧讲解(名师精讲解题技巧与思路+实战训练+答案,值得下载练习) 一、解题步骤
二、技巧详解1. 浏览全文,把握大意首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。要通读首字母填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容。其次要重视文中的主题句。首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。我们甚至能以主题句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。再次,要利用语境进行联想。利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
2. 熟记短语,注重语境第2 页共11 页
短语经常会出现在首字母填空的考题中,如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆,掌握它们的搭配规律,在做首字母填空时就能得心应手,减少失误。另外,词语搭配也值得注意。从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列。如:save the money,have an interesting talk with,a few year ago等。但从历年中考的试题看,注重上下文的关系对解题显得更为重要。
真题示例—熟记短语So what makes people think and behave in certain ways? Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby gets its blood type, genes(基因)and other physical things when it’s still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby will be l__88____. Key: 88. like
You can collect anything, from stamps to toys to football match programmes to old photos. In fact, some people haveextraordinary (不寻常的) collections. For example, Robert Opie collects things we usually t 89 away, things like old newspapers, sweet papers and boxes. He has more than a quarter of a million things in his collection and you can find some of them in his own museum in Gloucester, UK…When Stuart Graham from Sydney, Australia died aged 87, he leftb 90 some extraordinary collections. His son Andy only discovered Stuart was a keen collector when he found a collection of over 5,000 old bus tickets, 3,000 old match boxes and 1,000 toy soldiers. Keys: 89. throw 90. behind
“Sorry,” his friend interrupted (打断). “Today I’m going wherever the wind blows.” This answer was so d____91____ 第3 页共11 页
fromthe boy’s expectation (预期) that he had nothing to say. Later, the boy told his mother about it. His mother said, “You should ask him what he would do if there were no wind.Key: different
The written word is one of the most powerful forms of expression. Classic literature (经典文学)written many years ago still has the power to educate people. Many people find it difficult to read the classics. In fact, reading the classics can be fun especially as you grow up and d 86 a deeper understandingof the world…key: develop
Read for enjoyment.Classic literature should be read for enjoyment as well as education. Look for the works by authors you are f 87 with or have heard about through movies or TV. Choose the type of classic literature that you enjoy reading from past experience. Key: familiar
高频短语
真题演练:When cartoon characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colors and often get special power. In the real
think about/of/over keep/enjoy/practice/finish doing at least/most either…or/ neither…nor/ both…andbe thankful to be different from be familiar to/with be pleased/satisfied with 第4 页共11 页
w____88____, anger is less obvious…They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure (血压), and fewer problems on sleeping. So it doesn’t m____91____ if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Ways such as d____92____ breath can help you a lot, or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else. Keys: world; matter; deep
In all, 50% of Wayview students get to school in a vehicle, e 88 the bus or a car. Key: either
I really like reading and writing short stories. These stories are usually about 6 to 20 pages long which f 86 on an interesting person, a problem which the person had, and what happened when the person tried to solve the problem. All societies seem to have an oral storytelling tradition in which people met t 87 to tell each other short stories, and in which parents told their children stories at bedtime. Keys: focus together
Stress is a normal physical response to things that make people feel worried. In China, 70 percent of the 2,000 students about to take the college or high school entrance examination are under high stress, according to a recent s 87 by Wuhan University of Hubei province. Key:survey/study
真题示例—注重语境I also like reading novels. One of my favourite novels is called Life of Pi. It is written by a Canadian called Yann Martel, and is about an Indian boy who spends a long time at sea after a
shipwreck (海难) a 91____ with nobody but a tiger.What about you? Do you have a favourite novel?