直接引语变间接引语（一）人称的转变
1.直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为
第三人称，如：
He said，“I am very sorry. ”
He said that he was very sorry.
2.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是
针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“You should be more careful next time, ”
my father told me.
My father told me that I should be more
careful the next time.
3.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是
针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。
如：
She said to her son, “I'll check your home
work tonight. ”
She said to her son that she would check
his homework that night.
4.人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词
和名词性物主代词等，如：
He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this after noon?”
He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.
总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。
(二)时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求)，变化如下：
一般现在时一般过去时
现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时过去完成时
一般将来时过去将来时
一般过去时过去完成时
过去完成时不变
过去进行时不变
如：
1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, she
said.
She said she was very glad to visit our
school.
2.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music. ”
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.
3.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
4.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”
He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.
5.“Why did she refuse to go there?”
the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.
6.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
7.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday. ”
Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.
8.He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days. ”He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.
(三)时间状语、地点状语的变化
1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。例如：
They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
2.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。
如：
等。例如：
1.He said, “I haven’t seen them today.” He said that he hadn’t seen them that day.
2.She said, “I won't go there any more.”She said she wouldn't come here any more.
3.He said, “This will be finished tomorrow.”He said that would be finished the next day.
4.Paul said, “I visited China last year.”
Paul said he had visited China the year before.
但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：
1.He asked Lucy, “Where did you go? ”He asked Lucy where she went.
2.Tom said, "What do you want, Ann?"
Tom asked Ann what she wanted.
