(完整版)小学常见介词用法辨析及习题
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小学常见介词用法辨析
一、介词的定义及分类介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,,在句中不
能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。按构成分为简单介词(in、on、at 等)、合成介词(into、within等)、重叠介词(at about等)、短语介词(in front of 等)。
二、小学常用介词用法释义
(一)表时间
1、常用词in、on、at。
In :
①+年份/世纪。in 2019(在2019年);In the1990s (在19世纪90年代).
①+月份。In May (在五月).
①+季节。In spring/summer/autumn/winter (在春/夏/秋/冬季).
①+一天的某个时间段(上午、下午、晚上等)。In the morning/afternoon/evening
at :
①+时刻、几点。at six (在6点)/~half past ten (在10点半)
①+年龄。at thirteen/~the age of thirteen (在13 岁时)
①+某个时段at noo n (在中午),at n ight (在晚上),at mid night (在午夜),at dawn (在黎明)on :
①+星期几。on Wednesday/Sunda(y 在星期三/在星期日)
①+日期。On June 4h =on the fourth of June (在六月4 日)
①+有day的节日。On Christmas Day/Teacher '在DO诞节/教师节)①+具体某天。On a cold day (在个寒冷的
afternoon (在星期日下午)
天)、on Sunday 2、其他常用词
Before:在...之前after:在…之后si
nee:自从…开始
for + 一段时间until:直到…时候from..
.
to:从...到... (一)表方位
1、常用词in、on、at。
In :
①在…里面:In the classroom (在教室里)
①+大地点:In China (在中国);in Nanjing (在南京)
On :
①在上面(表面):On the desk (在桌子上)
①在左右边:On your right (在你右边)
At:
①+小地点(大、小是相对而言):at home (在家);at the party (在①向,朝向:laugh at/shout at/po int at
2、其他常见方位词
(三)其他常见介词
三、常用介词的固定搭配
For: be bad for/cheer for(为…欢呼)/make a cake for him/have a cake
for breakfast/be ready for/ask…for help/look out for/look for/be late for On: get on (上车)/on Moon Street/on the tree(树上结的、标志)/on the way/put on(穿上、上演)/try on/come on (加油)/on foot/go on/from
then on/on one 's birth在a某人生日的时候)
In: get in (进去)/in Sunshine Town/in+颜色/do well in/in the tree (夕卜
来的东西在树上)/ put...in order
Up: get up (起床)/stand up/pick up/wake up (叫醒)/dress up (化妆打扮)/grow up (成长)/hurry up (赶快)
To:pay attention to (注意)/next to (在…旁边,紧挨着)/get to (到达)/the way to (去…的路)/To protect the Earth (为了保护地球)/want to/would like to (想要)/be going to (将要)/listen to (听)
At: at the traffic lights (在红绿灯)/at home/be good at/look at (看)/at this festival (在这个节日)/arrive at (到达)
From: from...to…/far away from (远离)/get out from (从…出来)Around: look around (环顾四周)/around the world (全世界)
/show...around (带…参观)
Behind: leave ...behind (留下,丢下)
By: sit by (坐在…旁边)/by the river (在河边)/by
bus/metro/taxi/bike/plane/ship/train (乘坐…)
About: talk about (谈论关于)/what about、how about (...怎么样)
/care about (关心)
Of: take care o f (关心,在乎)/be full of (充满)/a glass of (—杯)
/be afraid of (害怕)/a lot of /lots of (许多)
四、习题练兵场
(一)选词填空
1」usually get up __ (in/at) 6 o ' cloc{bn/in) the morning.
2. My father is ___ (at/i n) Shan ghai now.
3. The TV was black and white ___ (in/on) the 1980s.