虚拟语气
定义：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，不是事实或与事实相反。
陈述语气
祈使语气
动词的语气非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气特殊句型中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气需特别注意的情况
用法：
一．IF引导的虚拟句式
if从句主句
现在did /（be一般用were）would / could / should / might +
do
过去had done would / could / should / might +
have done
将来did /（be一般用were）
should do
were to do
would / could / should / might +
do
注意；混合虚拟
（1）不同时间的虚拟：
If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.
If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.
(2) 虚拟与陈述的混合：
He could have passed the exam, but he wasn’t careful enough.
You should have come earlier, the bus left a moment ago.
二．名词性从句中的虚拟语气:从句谓语动词(should) +do
1.主语从句：it is + adj + that结构
regretful 遗憾的ordered 命令advisable 适当的、合适
的
anxious忧虑、焦急的regretful 遗憾的recommended推荐appropriate 适当的right 正确、恰当的requested 要求better 较好的strange 奇怪的required 建议desirable 理想的surprising 惊奇的名词
essential 紧要的urgent 紧迫的duty 职责imperative 迫切的vital 极其重要的no surprise 不奇怪important 重要的分词no wonder不足为奇insistent 坚持的decided 决定pity 遗憾
natural 自然的demanded 要求regret 后悔、遗憾necessary 必要的desired 想往shame 羞耻、不像话
2.宾语从句：主语+要求接虚拟语气的动词+that
advise劝告desire渴望require 要求、请求ask要求intend 打算recommend推荐command命令insist 坚持request 要求decide决定order 命令suggest 建议demand要求、需求prefer 宁愿urge 主张determine决定propose 提议
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：order; command 两个决定：decide; determine
三个建议：suggest; advise; propose
四个要求：demand; ask; request; require
注意：① suggest：暗示；insist：坚持说(不虚拟)
② except, believe, think suspect等动词的否定形式或疑问句后面的宾语从句要用虚拟。
I never thought that he should be such a brave
young solider
③ should竟然
I am g lad that your novel should have won t he first prize.
④ wish引导从句的虚拟语气，谓语动词变化和if从句虚拟语气一样。
Wish可以用以下结构：wish +主语+would/should have done
3.表语从句、同位语从句
advice 劝告necessity 必要性requirement 要求decision 决议order命令recommendation 推荐desire 愿望proposal 提议resolution 决心、决议demand 要求preference 选择suggestion 建议
idea 主意、想法request 要求
三、其他用法
一、名词性从句的虚拟语气中，表示建议、命令、要求的含义是，无论主句谓语
动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用："should + do"。should可以省略。但是：
insist意为“坚持某种动作”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持某种观点，某个
事实”则不用虚拟语气。
He insists he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生(表示的是事实，因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气)
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。
His face suggests that he looks worried.
他的表情暗含着他很担心(本身是事实，因此它就没有用到虚拟语气)
二、even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中
与现在事实相反：从句may/might+动词原形，may/might可以省略，
与过去事实相反：从句had done
类似的词有though/even though/whatever/however/so long as;
主、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同
Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do.
即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。（事实：他没来）
Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here.
即使华佗在世也救不了他。（事实：华佗不在世）
三、含蓄的虚拟语气：but/but for, or，in that case, without, otherwise,
四、would rather, had rather, would sooner等后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不符的一种愿望，其虚拟语气结构为：
过去 had + done I'd rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。
现在 did/were I'd rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。
将来 did/were We'd rather you went here tomorrow. 我们倒想你明天去那儿
