(完整版)新视野大学英语2读写教程第三版课文词汇讲解

新视野大学英语第三版第二册读写课文翻译Unit 1 Text A一堂难忘的英语课1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。

对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。

2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。

这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。

我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4 没了。

所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。

5 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。

学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。

由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。

6 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。

举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。

朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。

实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。

因此，批评学生不合乎情理。

7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。

学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。

可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。

还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。

学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。

8 因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。

新视野三版读写B2 U6 Text ADoor closer, are you?1 The next time you're deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do?2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops' astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.3 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. What he said was surely motivating, but it wasn't really appreciated by many of his loyal soldiers as they watched their vessels go up in flames. But the genius of General Xiang Yu's conviction would be validated both on the battlefield and in modern social science research. General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his many conquests and who achieved the summit of success.4 He is featured in Dan Ariely's enlightening new publication, Predictably Irrational, a fascinating investigation of seemingly irrational human behavior, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open. Most people can't marshal the will for painful choices, not even students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where Dr. Ariely teaches behavioral economics. In an experiment that investigated decision-making, hundreds of students couldn't bear to let their options vanish, even though it was clear they would profit from doing so.5 The experiment revolved around a game that eliminated the excuses we usually have for refusing to let go. In the real world, we can always say, "It's good to preserve our options." Want a good example? A teenager is exhausted from soccer, ballet, piano, and Chinese lessons, but her parents won't stop any one of them because they might come in handy some day!6 In the experiment sessions, students played a computer game that provided cash behind three doors appearing on the screen.The rule was the more money you earned, the better player you were, given a total of 100 clicks. Every time the students opened a door by clicking on it, they would useup one click but wouldn't get any money. However, each subsequent click on that door would earn a fluctuating sum of money, with one door always revealing more money than the others. The important part of the rule was each door switch, though having no cash value, would also use up one of the 100 clicks. Therefore, the winning strategy was to quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the seemingly highest rewards.7 While playing the game, students noticed a modified visual element: Any door left un-clicked for a short while would shrink in size and vanish. Since they already understood the game, they should have ignored the vanishing doors. Nevertheless, they hurried to click on the lesser doors before they vanished, trying to keep them open. As a result, they wasted so many clicks rushing back to the vanishing doors that they lost money in the end. Why were the students so attached to the lesser doors? They would probably protest that they were clinging to the doors to keep future options open, but, according to Dr. Ariely, that isn't the true factor.8 Instead of the excuse to maintain future options open, underneath it all the students' desire was to avoid the immediate, though temporary, pain of watching options close. "Closing a door on an option is experienced as a loss, and people are willing to pay a big price to avoid the emotion of loss," Dr. Ariely says. In the experiment, the price was easily measured in lost cash. In life, the corresponding costs are often less obvious such as wasted time or missed opportunities.9 "Sometimes these doors are closing too slowly for us to see them vanishing," Dr. Ariely writes. "We may work more hours at our jobs without realizing that the childhood of our sons and daughters is slipping away."10 So, what can be done to restore balance in our lives? One answer, Dr. Ariely says, is to implement more prohibitions on overbooking. We can work to reduce options on our own, delegating tasks to others and even giving away ideas for others to pursue. He points to marriage as an example, "In marriage, we create a situation where we promise ourselves not to keep options open. We close doors and announce to others we've closed doors."11 Since conducting the door experiment, Dr. Ariely says he has made a conscious effort to lessen his load. He urges the rest of us to resign from committees, prune holiday card lists, rethink hobbies and remember the lessons of door closers like Xiang Yu.12 In other words, Dr. Ariely is encouraging us to discard those things that seem to have outward merit in favor of those things that actually enrich ourlives. We are naturally prejudiced to believe that more is better, but Dr. Ariely's research provides a dose of reality that strongly suggests otherwise.13 What price do we pay for trying to have more and more in life? What pleasure and satisfaction can be derived from focusing our energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion? Surely, we will have our respective answers.14 Consider these important questions: Will we have more by always increasing options or will we have more with fewer, carefully chosen options? What doors should we close in order to allow the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open?Language Points:1 The next time you’re deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do? (Para. 1) Meaning: The next time when you are to make a choice between two competing options, youhave to distinguish which is the primary one and which is the minor one. To be enlightened, you can ask yourself what option Xiang Yu would choose.Meaning beyond words: It suggests that Xiang Yu was a wonderful decision-maker. Note: The phrase rival options means that both options seem like good choices, but one choice is somewhat better than the other. In this case, it is the one that Xiang Yu chose to implement.2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. (Para. 2)Meaning: Xiang Yu was an ancient Chinese general in the third century BC. He led his troops across the Zhang River to attack the enemy in its territory.3 To his troops’ astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailingships burned. (Para. 2)Meaning beyond words: To make sure his troops would win the battle quickly, Xiang Yu ordered the soldiers to crush their cooking pots and burn their sailing boats after he led his troops across the Zhang River to attack the enemy. This way, he closed the door for retreat ing from the enemy’s territory and sent out a clear message to his men that they only had two choices: to win the battle or die in the battle. However, his decision was obviously against normal practice, which greatly shocked his troops.4 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. (Para. 3)Meaning beyond words: By having their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned, Xiang Yu put his troops in such a desperate condition that they wouldn’t have any hope to escape but fight to survive and eventually win the battle. In other words, Xiang Yu gave his troops only one option. Usage note: rival, opponentrival 和 opponent 都可以用作名词，都可以表示“ 对手”，但两者有区别。

Unit 1 Text A一堂难忘的英语课1如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。

对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。

2我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。

这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。

我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4没了。

所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。

5关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。

学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary 之间显而易见的差异。

由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。

6学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。

举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary （静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery （文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。

朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。

实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。

因此，批评学生不合乎情理。

7对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。

学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。

可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。

还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。

学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。

8因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。

新视野大学英语 3U1Love without limitationsMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery,leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, mylife revolved around my brother’s. Accompanying my growing up was always“go o ut and play and take your brother with you”. I couldn’t go anywherewithout him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for someout-of-control kid-centered fun.My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put onbelt. My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience andunderstanding. I was in charge outside where I administered justice by trackingdown the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them.My father and Jimmy were inseparable. They ate breakfast together and onweekdays drove off to the navy shipping center every morning where they bothworked-Jimmy unloaded color-coded boxes. At night after dinner, they wouldtalk and play games late into the evening. They even whistled the same tunes.So when my father died of a heart attack in 1991, Jimmy was a wreck,beneath his careful disguise. He was simply in disbelief. Usually very agreeable,he now quit speaking altogether and no amount of words could penetrate thevacant expression he wore on his face. I hired someone to live with him anddrive him to work, but no matter how much I tried to make things stay the same,even Jimmy grasped that the world he’d k nown was gone. One day Iasked, ”You miss Dad, don’t you?” His lips quivered and then he asked, “What do you think, Margaret? He was my best friend.” Our tears began flow.My mother died of lung cancer six months later and I alone was left to lookafter Jimmy.He didn’t adjust to going to work wi thout my father right away, so he cameand lived with me in New York City for a while. He went wherever I went andseemed to adjust pretty well. Still, Jimmy longed to live in my parents’ house and work at his old job and I pledged to help him return. Eventually, I was ableto work it out. He has lived there for 11 years now with many differentcaretakers and blossomed on his own. He has become essential to theneighborhood. When you have any mail to be picked up or your dog needswalking, he is your man.My mother was right, of course: It was possible to have a home with room forboth his limitations and my ambitions. In fact, caring for someone who loves asdeeply and appreciates my efforts as much as Jimmy does has enriched my lifemore than anything else ever could have.This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmy’s 57th birthday. I had a party for him in my home in New York, but none of our familycould join us because travel was difficult and they were still reckoning with thesheer terror the disaster had brought. I called on my faithful friends to helpmake it a merry and festive occasion, ignoring the fact that most of them wereemotionally drained and exhausted. Instead of the customary “No gifts, please”I shouted, “Gifts! Please!”My friends-people Jimmy had come to know over the years-brought the ideal-I-M-M-Y” onpresents: country music CDs, a sweatshirt, one leather belt with “Ｊit, a knitted wool hat and a cowboy costume. The evening led up to the gifts andthen the chocolate cake from his favorite bakery, and of course the ceremonywasn’t complete without the singing.A thousand times Jimmy asked, ”Is it time for the cake yet?” After dinner andthe gifts Jimmy could no longer be restrained. He anxiously waited for thecandles to be lit and then blew them out with one long breath as well all sang“Happy birthday”. Jimmy wasn’t satisfied with our effort, though. He jumped upon the chair and stood erect pointing both index fingers into the air to conductus and yell ed, ”One…more…time!” We sang with all of the energy left in oursouls and when we were finished he put both his thumbs up and shouted.“ That was super!”We had wanted to let him know that no matter how difficult things got in theworld, there would always be people who cared about him. We ended upreminding ourselves instead. For Jimmy, the love with which we sang was awelcome bonus, but mostly he had just wanted to see everyone else happyagain.ernight, September Just as my father’s death had changed Jimmy’s world ov11th changed our lives; the world we’d known was gone. But, as we sang forJimmy and held each tight afterward praying for peace around the world, wewere reminded that the constant love and support of our friends and familywould get us through whatever life might present. The simplicity with whichJimmy had reconciled everything for us should not have been surprising. Therehad never been limitations to what Jimmy’s love could accomplish.无限的爱我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。

新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课文翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]U n i t1s e c t i o n A我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。

两年后，我出生了。

从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。

伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。

”不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。

因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。

我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。

我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。

我则负责外面的事，找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母，告他们的状，为我哥哥讨回公道。

父亲和吉米形影不离。

他们一道吃早饭，平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心，他们都在那里工作，吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。

晚饭后，他们一道交谈，玩游戏，直到深夜。

他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。

所以，父亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。

他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。

通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。

我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。

然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。

有一天，我问他：“你是不是想念爸爸？”他的嘴唇颤抖了几下，然后问我：“你怎么看，玛格丽特？他是我最好的朋友。

”接着，我俩都流下了眼泪六个月后，母亲因肺癌去世，剩下我一人来照顾吉米。

吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着，因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。

我走到哪里他就跟到哪里，他好像适应得很好。

但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里，继续干他原来的工作。

我答应把他送回去。

此事最后做成了。

如今，他在那里生活了11年，在许多人的照料下，同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。

他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。

如果你有邮件要收，或有狗要遛，他就是你所要的人。

当然，母亲的话没错：可以有一个家，既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课文翻译（最新完整版）Unit 1 Section A我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。

两年后，我出生了。

从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。

伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。

”不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。

因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。

我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。

我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。

我则负责外面的事，找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母，告他们的状，为我哥哥讨回公道。

父亲和吉米形影不离。

他们一道吃早饭，平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心，他们都在那里工作，吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。

晚饭后，他们一道交谈，玩游戏，直到深夜。

他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。

所以，父亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。

他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。

通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。

我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。

然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。

有一天，我问他：“你是不是想念爸爸？”他的嘴唇颤抖了几下，然后问我：“你怎么看，玛格丽特？他是我最好的朋友。

”接着，我俩都流下了眼泪。

六个月后，母亲因肺癌去世，剩下我一人来照顾吉米。

吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着，因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。

我走到哪里他就跟到哪里，他好像适应得很好。

但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里，继续干他原来的工作。

我答应把他送回去。

此事最后做成了。

如今，他在那里生活了11年，在许多人的照料下，同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。

他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。

如果你有邮件要收，或有狗要遛，他就是你所要的人。

当然，母亲的话没错：可以有一个家，既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

事实上，关照像吉米这样一个深爱又感激我的人，更加丰富了我的生活，其他任何东西都不能与之相比。

TEXT AAn impressive English lesson一堂难忘的英语课1 If I am the only parent who still corrects his child's English, then perhaps my son is right. To him,I am a tedious oddity: a father he is obliged to listen to and a man absorbed in the rules of grammar, which my son seems allergic to.如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。

对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。

2 I think I got serious about this only recently when I ran into one of my former students, fresh from an excursion to Europe. "How was it?" I asked, full of earnest anticipation.我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。

这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。

我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3 She nodded three or four times, searched the heavens for the right words, and then exclaimed, "It was, like, whoa!"她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4 And that was it. The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture were captured ina condensed non-statement. My student's "whoa!" was exceeded only by my head-shaking distress.没了。

新视野大学英语3U1Love without limitationsMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother’s. Accompanying my growing up was always “go out and play and take your brother with you”. I couldn’t go anywhere without him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun.My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on belt. My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience and understanding. I was in charge outside where I administered justice by tracking down the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them. My father and Jimmy were inseparable. They ate breakfast together and on weekdays drove off to the navy shipping center every morning where they both worked-Jimmy unloaded color-coded boxes. At night after dinner, they would talk and play games late into the evening. They even whistled the same tunes. So when my father died of a heart attack in 1991, Jimmy was a wreck, beneath his careful disguise. He was simply in disbelief. Usually very agreeable, he now quit speaking altogether and no amount of words could penetrate the vacant expression he wore on his face. I hired someone to live with him and drive him to work, but no matter how much I tried to make things stay the same, even Jimmy grasped that the world he’d known was gone. One day I asked, ”You miss Dad, don’t you?” His lips quivered and then he asked, “What do you think, Margaret? He was my best friend.” Our tears began flow.My mother died of lung cancer six months later and I alone was left to look after Jimmy.He didn’t adjust to going to work wi thout my father right away, so he came and lived with me in New York City for a while. He went wherever I went and seemed to adjust pretty well. Still, Jimmy longed to live in my parents’ house and work at his old job and I pledged to help him return. Eventually, I was able to work it out. He has lived there for 11 years now with many different caretakers and blossomed on his own. He has become essential to the neighborhood. When you have any mail to be picked up or your dog needs walking, he is your man.My mother was right, of course: It was possible to have a home with room for both his limitations and my ambitions. In fact, caring for someone who loves as deeply and appreciates my efforts as much as Jimmy does has enriched my life more than anything else ever could have.This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmy’s 57th birthday. I had a party for him in my home in New York, but none of our familycould join us because travel was difficult and they were still reckoning with the sheer terror the disaster had brought. I called on my faithful friends to help make it a merry and festive occasion, ignoring the fact that most of them were emotionally drained and exhausted. Instead of the customary “No gifts, please”, I shouted, “Gifts! Please!”My friends-people Jimmy had come to know over the years-brought the ideal presents: country music CDs, a sweatshirt, one leather belt with “J-I-M-M-Y” on it, a knitted wool hat and a cowboy costume. The evening led up to the gifts and then the chocolate cake from his favorite bakery, and of course the ceremony wasn’t complete without the singing.A thousand times Jimmy asked, ”Is it time for the cake yet?” After dinner and the gifts Jimmy could no longer be restrained. He anxiously waited for the candles to be lit and then blew them out with one long breath as well all sang “Happy birthday”. Jimmy wasn’t satisfied with our effort, though. He jumped up on the chair and stood erect pointing both index fingers into the air to conduct us and yell ed, ”One…more…time!” We sang with all of the energy left in our souls and when we were finished he put both his thumbs up and shouted. “ That was super!”We had wanted to let him know that no matter how difficult things got in the world, there would always be people who cared about him. We ended up reminding ourselves instead. For Jimmy, the love with which we sang was a welcome bonus, but mostly he had just wanted to see everyone else happy again.Just as my father’s death had changed Jimmy’s world ov ernight, September 11th changed our lives; the world we’d known was gone. But, as we sang for Jimmy and held each tight afterward praying for peace around the world, we were reminded that the constant love and support of our friends and family would get us through whatever life might present. The simplicity with which Jimmy had reconciled everything for us should not have been surprising. There had never been limitations to what Jimmy’s love could accomplish.无限的爱我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。

目录.......................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

第一册....................................................................................................................... - 3 - Unit1 A .............................................................................................................................. - 3 - Unit1 B . (4)Unit 2 A (6)Unit 2 B (7)UNIT 3 A (9)UNIT 3 B (11)UNIT 4 A (12)UNIT 4 B (14)UNIT 5 A (16)UNIT 5 B (17)UNIT 6 A (19)UNIT 6 B (21)UNIT 7 A (22)UNIT 7 B (24)UNIT 8 A (26)UNIT 8 B (27)第二册 (29)UNIT1 A (29)UNIT 1 B (31) (31)UNIT 2 A (32)UNIT 2 B (34)UNIT 3 A (35)UNIT 3 B (37)UNIT 4 A (38)UNIT 4 B (40)UNIT 5 A (42)UNIT 5 B (43)UNIT 6 A (45)UNIT 6 B (46)UNIT 7 A (48)UNIT 7 B (50)UNIT 8 A (51)UNIT 8 B (53)第三册 (54)Unit1 A (54)UNIT 1 B (56)UNIT 2 A (58)UNIT 2 B (59)UNIT 3 A (60)UNIT 3 B (62)UNIT 4 A (63)UNIT 4 B (65)UNIT 5 A (67)UNIT 5 B (68) (68)UNIT 6 A (69) (69)UNIT 6 B (71)UNIT 7 A (73) (73)UNIT 7 B (74)UNIT8 A (76)UNIT 8 B (77)第四册 (79)UNIT 1 A (79)UNIT 1 B (81)UNIT 2 A (82) (82)UNIT 2 B (84) (84)UNIT 3 A (85)UNIT 3 B (87)UNIT 4 A (88)UNIT 4 B (90) (90)UNIT 5 A (92)UNIT 5 B (94)UNIT 6 A、 (95)UNIT 6 B (97) (97)UNIT 7 A (99) (99)UNIT 7 B (101)UNIT 8 A (102)UNIT 8 B (104) (104)第一册Unit1 Atriumphn. （尤指苦战后获得的）胜利，成功，成就pledgevt. 发誓；作保证posevi. （为照相或画像而）摆姿势vt. 造成，导致（困难或危险）routinen. 例行公事；常规；惯例a. 常规的；例行的；惯常的attainvt. 得到；获得；赢得foundationn. 基础resourcen. 1 资源；2 自然资源facultyn. 1 全体教员；2 天赋；能力；本领comprehensivea. 综合的；多方面的facilityn. （为某种目的而提供的）设施，设备communityn. 1 （同住一地的人所构成的）社区；2 群体；团体explorevt. 探讨，研究（主题、思想等）v. 勘探；探测；考察fascinatinga. 吸引人的；迷人的；使人神魂颠倒的pursuevt. 1 追求；致力于；2 追赶；追逐passionn. 1 强烈的爱好；热爱n. 2 强烈的情感；激情unique a. 1 特别的；极不寻常的；极好的；2 不同的；独特的enthusiasmn. 热爱；热情；热心reapvt. 收获；获得v. 收割（庄稼）benefitn. 好处；益处；裨益opportunityn. 机会；时机overwhelmvt. （数量大得）使无法对付availablea. 可获得的；可利用的；现成的samplevt. 1 体验；2 对…作抽样检验n. 样本；样品；货样assumevt. 假定；假设；认为emergevi. 1 出现；为……所公认；2 出现；露出gianta. 巨大的；特大的maten. 同事；同伴roommaten. （尤指大学里的）室友owln. 猫头鹰virtuala. 1 几乎相同的；实质上的；2 虚拟的；模拟的virtuallyad. 1 实际上；几乎；差不多；2 虚拟地；模拟地enrichvt. 使丰富；充实；强化glown. 1 （某种）强烈的情感；2 柔和稳定的光vi. 发出柔和稳定的光confidencen. 1 信心；信赖；信任；2 自信心yieldvt. 1 产生（结果等）；2 出产；产生vi. 屈从；让步abundanta. 大量的；丰富的；充裕的responsibilityn. 1 （道德、社会）责任，义务；2 责任；3 职责；任务；义务inheritv t. 沿袭，秉承（信仰、传统或生活方式）v. 继承（财产）inheritorn. 1 （生活或思想方式的）后继者，继承人；2 遗产继承人transmitvt. 传送；传递；传播acquirevt. 1 学到，获得（知识、技能）；2 取得；获得；3 购得；得到prosperousa. 富裕的；繁荣的；兴旺的remind sb. of sb./sth.1 使某人想起某人或某事2 使某人想起（相似的）人或事get by过活；过得去；勉强应付make the most of sth.最大限度地利用某物reap the benefits (of sth.)得享（某事物的）好处in advance预先；提前stand a chance (of doing sth.)有（做成某事的）希望over time逐渐地；慢慢地turn (sb./sth.) into sth.（使某人/某物）变成all at once1 同时2 一下子；突然take pleasure in (doing) sth.乐于做某事open the door to sth.给…以机会；给…敞开方便之门take delight in (doing) sth.以（做）某事为乐Unit1 Bparticipatevi.参加；参与incrediblea.1极好的；极大的；2不可相信的；难以置信的denyvt.否认；否定undeniablyad.不可否认地；无可争辩地departv.离开（尤指动身去旅行）；启程；上路inquisitivea.1好学的；好问的；2过分好奇的；过于好问的；好打听的engagevt.吸引住（某人的兴趣、注意力）vi.参加，参与（活动）despairvi.绝望；感到无望n.绝望embracevt.欣然接受；乐意采纳v.抱；拥抱stimulatevt.1激发；鼓励；激励；2刺激；促使；促进intellectuala.智力的；脑力的capacityn.1能力；才能；2容量；容积；容纳能力bindvt.1使受（规则或协议）约束；2捆；绑；3把…紧紧联系在一起；使关系密切assurevt.向…保证；使确信assureda.有把握的；自信的；肯定的careern.职业；事业curven.曲线；弧线decenta.1可接受的；相当好的；像样的；2正派的；规矩的boastv.夸口；夸耀；吹嘘bondn.纽带；联系；关系vi.（与某人）培养一种特殊的关系blossomvi.发展；成长；繁盛；兴旺n.（树或灌木的）花，花簇decaden.十年；十年期genuinea.1真诚的；诚挚的；2真正的；非伪造的instinctn.本能；直觉；天性confidenta.1有信心的；自信的；2确信的；有把握的securea.1自信的；有把握的；2安全的stereotypen.模式化的思想；旧框框comprehendv.理解；领悟cultivatevt.1培养；养成；2耕；耕作；开垦rangen.一系列innocencen.1涉世不深；天真；单纯；2清白；无罪curiosity n.好奇心amountn.数额；数量flexibilityn.1灵活性；2弹性；柔韧性approachvt.处理；对付v.接近；靠近n.方式；方法enthusiastica.热心的；热衷的enthusiasticallyad.热心地；热衷地talentn.天资；天赋；才能evolvev.1逐步发展；逐渐演变；2进化；进化形成potentialn.潜力；潜能a.可能的；潜在的bolda.果敢的；敢于冒险的；大胆的enormousa.巨大enormouslyad.非常；极其be about to do sth.正要发生某事；即将做某事go off离开；走open up（使）出现；（使）成为可能take sb./sth.seriously认真对待某人/某事sign up(for sth.)报名get to sb.使生气；使烦恼give sb.the benefit of the doubt虽有怀疑但还是相信某人；姑且相信某人reduce sb.to sth.使陷入（不利境地）as long as只要feel like(doing)sth. 想要（做）某事safe and sound安然无恙take sb./sth.away 拿走；带走；使消失be born to be/do sth.天生适合做某事sb.can’t wait某人急着/等不及（用于强调对即将发生的事感到兴奋和迫不及待）Unit 2 Acluttern.杂乱的东西awaitvt.1等待；等候；2（某事）将降临到…身上vehiclen.交通工具；车辆efficiencyn.效率；效能embarrassvt.（尤指在社交场合）使尴尬，使窘迫embarrassmentn.1让人难堪的人；使人为难的事；2尴尬；难堪；窘迫rustv.（使）生锈n.锈；铁锈bladen.刀刃；刀片tuben.1（膏状物等的）管状容器；2管子pasten.糊状物；膏vt.（用糨糊）粘贴toothpasten.牙膏polishn.上光剂；擦光剂vt.1擦亮；擦光；2修改；润色trashn.废物；垃圾dumpvt.1倾倒；把…倒空；2丢弃；扔掉match v.1（与…）属同一双；（使）成对；2（与…）相配，相称mismatcheda.不配对的purplea.紫色的n.紫色closetn.壁橱comicn.（儿童）连环漫画册a.滑稽的；好笑的fictionn.1小说；2虚构的事；想象的事romantica.1（书、剧本、电影）浪漫的，关于爱情的；2多情的；浪漫的historicala.1描写历史事件的；基于史实的；2（有关）历史的beloveda.钟爱的；挚爱的；宝贝的stuffvt.1填；塞；2填满；装满n.各种物品sackn.大口袋；粗布袋；麻袋stackv.（使）整齐地堆起；摞起n.（叠放整齐的）一叠，一堆，一摞plaguen.1蝗灾/鼠灾等；2瘟疫；疫病clumsya.1（物体）笨重的；2笨拙的；不灵活的charityn.1慈善事业；2慈善机构；慈善团体bandn.1圈；箍；带；2乐队；乐团curlv.盘绕；缠绕curlern.卷发夹strainvi.使劲拉；使劲推；绷紧vt.拉伤；扭伤；损伤n.焦虑；紧张haulvt.拖；拉donationn.1捐赠物（尤指捐款）；2捐助（尤指钱）curbn.路缘vt.控制；抑制；约束sorea.痛的；疼痛的ridiculousa.愚蠢的；荒唐的；可笑的tossvt.扔；掷；抛strip(also～off)vt.1剥去；除去；2脱去（…的）衣服craftn.（指传统的手工）工艺；手艺clipvt.1（从报纸、杂志等上）剪下；2夹住；扣住n.（电影、电视节目或新闻的）剪辑item n.（尤指清单上、一群或一组事物中的）一项，一件，一条emotionala.1情绪激动的（尤指哭泣）；2情绪（上）的；情感（上）的bugn.1热衷于某事的人；迷；2小虫子reversevt.推翻，彻底改变（决定、判决、过程等）n.相反情况；正相反a.相反的（顺序、局势、过程等）tokenn.象征；标志make it1获得成功2（尤指在困难情况下）准时到达，赶上free of/from无…的；摆脱了…的catch oneself doing sth.突然意识到自己在做某事throw away扔掉；丢弃after all1终究；最终还是2毕竟reverse oneself（争论中）改变主意/立场straighten up1把…弄整洁2直起身keep back1抑制，控制（感情）2隐瞒某事with open arms热烈地；欣然Unit 2 Blimpa.软的；不强壮的vi.（因一腿受伤而）跛行，一瘸一拐地走surge vi.1迅速涌动；蜂拥向前；2突然上涨；激增n.1（情感的）突发；涌现；2（数量的）急剧增加breezen.微风；和风shivervi.（因寒冷或害怕而）颤抖，哆嗦，发抖complainv.抱怨；不满；发牢骚chilln.寒冷；寒气chillya.寒冷的；冷得难受的stridevi.迈大步走；大踏步走n.1大步；阔步；2进步；进展；发展meltv.（使）融化；（使）熔化vi.逐渐消失meltinga.融化的；熔化的；溶解的shedn.工棚；厂房；库房immensea.巨大的fatiguen.疲劳；疲乏；劳累aboardprep.在（船，飞机，火车）上；上（船，飞机，火车）hutn.（简陋的）小屋，棚屋，茅舍barreln.（中间鼓起的）桶shelln.（蜗牛或螃蟹等的）壳；贝壳shellfishn.水生有壳动物；水生贝类动物bundlen.捆；把；扎；束eeln.鳗；鳝portionn.（数量或总数的）一部分，一份migratevi.1（鸟或动物）迁徙；2（尤指为找工作）移居，迁移migrationn.1（鸟或动物的）迁徙；2移居;迁移wrapvt.（用纸、布等）包，裹（某物）unwrapvt.拆开，打开（包装）suspiciousa.1感到怀疑的；认为有问题的；2怀疑的；猜疑的；3可疑的；引起怀疑的suspiciouslyad.1感到怀疑地；不信任地；2怀疑地；猜疑地pinchn.一小撮vt.捏；掐；夹vanishvi.突然不见;消失slopen.斜面；斜坡crackern.薄脆饼干peakn.1山顶；山峰；2高峰；顶点stretchv.1（使）延续；（使）延伸；2（使）变大；（使）变松；拉长；3伸开，伸展（肢体）overtake(overtook,overtaken)v.追上；赶上；超过vt.超越；超过anticipatevt.预期；预料reluctancen.勉强；不情愿stoopvi.俯身；弯腰restraintn.1安全装置；安全带；2抑制；克制；控制；3管制措施；限制；控制scrapev.（使）摩擦，擦伤；刮坏vt.（用小刀等）刮除delicatea.1易坏的；易碎的；脆弱的；2微妙的；需要谨慎处理的；3精巧的；精致的；精美的gripvt.紧握；紧抓graduala.逐渐的；逐步的graduallyad.逐渐地；逐步地swayvi.摇摆；摆动；摇晃accompanyvt.陪伴；陪同pureeda.捣压成酱（泥，糊）的tunan.(pl.tuna)金枪鱼awkwarda.1笨拙的；不灵巧的；2令人尴尬的；使人难堪的sipn.一小口v.小口地喝；抿；呷champagnen.（法国）香槟酒slow down（使）慢下来；（使）减速make sense1有意义；表述清晰；易于理解2明智；合乎情理at least 1至少；起码2至少（指尽管没有更好的情况）lay sth.out铺开；展开hang up1挂起（衣服）2挂断电话be supposed to do sth.应该做某事not that…but(that)…不是…而是…once in a while偶尔；有时；间或the small of one’s back后腰not care for sb./sth.不喜欢某人/某物Virginia弗吉尼亚州（美国州名）Chicago芝加哥（美国伊利诺伊州最大城市）the Sargasso Sea（北大西洋的）马尾藻海the Mediterranean地中海Mount Fuji富士山（位于日本本州中南部）the Potomac波托马克河（美国东部河流）Swiss Army Knife瑞士军刀UNIT 3 Acampusn.（大学或学院的）校园transformvt.使改观；使变形；使转化fleetn.车队；机群；船队typicala.典型的；有代表性的access n.享用权；享用机会accessiblea.易得到的；易使用的responsen.1回答；答复；2反应；响应engineeringn.工程（设计）dialectn.方言；地方话；土语analyzevt.分析；剖析scriptn.（戏剧、电影、电视节目、演讲等的）剧本，手稿devicen.1设备；仪器；装置；2（使做某事更容易一些的）特殊方法，手段sophisticateda.1见多识广的；老练的；有鉴赏力的；2复杂的；精密的；尖端的undergraduaten.（在读的）大学（本科）生adoptvt.1采用；采纳；采取；2收养；领养indispensablea.不可缺少的；必不可少的outlinen.1纲要；梗概；要点；2外形；轮廓regulatevt.1控制；管理；2调整；校准；调节bubblen.1泡状物；2（液体中的）气泡，泡沫budgetn.预算estimatevt.估计；估算estimateda.据估计的assignmentn.1作业；2任务highwayn.公路inferiora.差的；次的inferiorityn.低人一等；下级；次等complexn.情结；夸大的情绪反应a.复杂的；难以理解的compensatevi.补偿；弥补v.赔偿lease vt.租用；租借n.（房子、汽车等的）租约，租契focusn.焦点；重点v.（把…）集中（于）competitivea.1竞争的；竞争性的；2竞争性强的；有竞争力的peern.同龄人；社会地位相同的人pitchn.1（活动或情感的）程度，强度，高度；2场地portablea.手提式的；便携式的；轻便的moden.1（机器、设备的）运行方式，状态，模式；2方式；方法；做法loanvt.1把（贵重物品）出借给（某人）；2借给（尤指钱）n.（银行等的）贷款loanern.借用物meantimead.在此期间；与此同时amazinga.惊人的；了不起的solvevt.解决（问题）solvern.解决问题的人intelligenta.有智慧的；悟性高的；聪明的less than interesting/honest/helpful,etc. 一点也没有意思/一点也不诚实/一点也没有帮助等add to sth.增加；增添visit with sb.叙谈；闲谈take the lead1树立榜样；带头2（赛跑或竞赛中）开始领先account for1（在数量或比例上）占，占据2是…的原因；引起；导致3解释；说明fire off1匆忙发出（讯息或指示）2开（枪）；开（炮）keep up with1跟上；保持同步2和（朋友）保持联系3不断获知（某事的情况）at a disadvantage处于不利地位的stand out1出色2显眼；突出set up建立；设立；创立in large part多半；在很大程度上；在大多数地方UNIT 3 Baddictn.1对…着迷的人；2吸毒上瘾的人addictionn.1入迷；嗜好；2（毒）瘾positivea.1好的；积极的；2肯定的；确定的enablevt.使可能；使发生median.新闻媒体；传媒；大众传播媒介（总称）outletn.1电视台；电台；出版公司；2（强烈感情的）发泄途径，发泄方法alternativea.1非传统的；另类的；2供替代的；供选择的n.供替代的选择；供选择的东西sourcen.来源；出处practicallyad.1差不多；几乎；2实用地；讲究实际地；实际可行地negativea.1负面的；有害的；不良的；2不赞成的；反对的；3消极的aspectn.方面epidemicn.1（坏事的突然）盛行，泛滥；2（疾病的）传播，流行neglectn.疏忽vt.疏忽；玩忽；漏做infantn.婴儿；幼儿impactv.对…有作用或影响n.作用；影响involveda.1受影响的；牵涉在内的；卷入…的；2参与的agonyn.1痛苦；煎熬；伤心；2剧痛riskn.危险（性）；风险vt.使冒毁坏（或破坏、失去贵重物品）的危险concernvt.1使担心；使忧虑；2涉及，关系到（某一主题）n.忧虑；担心；关切concerneda.1焦急的；担忧的；2（与某事）有关的，有牵连的disciplinen.1训练；管教；2自制力；3（尤指大学的）专业，科目structuren.1条理性；2结构；构造；条理plungevi.1（价格、比率等）暴跌，骤降；2迅速落下；跌落declinevi.减少；变糟；衰退v.谢绝；（礼貌地）拒绝n.（数量的）减少；（质量的）下降ceasev.停止；终止；结束imaginarya.想象的；虚构的attributev.(～sth.to sb./sth.)把…归因于personalityn.个性；性格interactionn.1交流；2相互作用；相互影响blogn.网络日志；博客releasen.1（化学物等的）释放；2释放；放出vt.1释放，排放（物质）；2释放；放出endorphinn.内啡肽（一种体内生成的化学物质，能止痛并让人更高兴）essentiala.1极其重要的；必不可少的；2最基本的；本质的sustainvt.保持；维持；使持续sustaineda.持续的；持久的arousevt.引起；激起；唤起feedbackn.反馈意见interactvi.1交流；交往；互相来往；2相互作用；相互影响gamblev.打赌；赌博n.赌博；投机；冒险gamblern.赌徒levern.控制杆；操纵杆rationala.1基于理性的；合理的；2有理性的；理智的spoilvt.1毁掉；糟蹋；破坏；2宠坏；惯坏；溺爱moderatea.中等的；适中的；适度的moderationn.节制；克制multiplea.包括/涉及多个人/物/事件等的；多的；多种的schedulevt.把…安排在；排定n.日程表；计划表；活动安排a wealth of sth.丰富的某物make use of sth.利用某物；使用某物give rise to sth.引起；导致charge sb.with(doing)sth.指控；控告；起诉keep sb.from(doing)sth.不让某人做某事care for照顾；照看tell of描述；叙述as well（除…外）还at risk处境危险；受到威胁nothing but仅仅；只有；不过UNIT 4 Aeran.时代；年代victimn.受害者；牺牲者survivorn.1悲剧性事件；惨剧；惨案；2悲剧（作品）tragedyn.悲剧性事件；惨剧；惨案subsequenta.随后的；继⋯之后的associaten.同事；（生意）伙伴vt.联想；联系congressn.国会；议会congresswomann.国会女议员（尤指美国众议员）tendera.温柔的；体贴入微的；慈爱的sympathyn.同情；同情心shieldvt.保护；保卫n.盾；盾牌hailn.1一阵弹雨/像雹子般袭来的石块等；2雹；冰雹vt.把…称赞为；把…誉为bullet枪弹；子弹；弹头priestn.（基督教的）牧师，神父remarkablea.非凡的；不寻常的；显著的humanityn.1人；人类（总称）；2仁慈；博爱；同情心；3人文学科civiliana.平民的；百姓的；民用的；非军职的n.平民；老百姓grace n.1善意；礼貌；体谅；2优美；优雅circumstancen.情况；情形respondvi.作出反应；回应respondern.回应者；应答者widown.寡妇；遗孀solemna.严肃的；郑重的；庄严的solemnlyad.严肃地；郑重地；庄严地sergeantn.警佐；巡佐commitmentn.1投入；忠诚；奉献；2承诺automobilen.(AmE)汽车distincta.1确实的；显著的；2有区别的；不同的；单独的；3清晰的；清楚的；明显的militarya.军用的；军事的；军队的personneln.（公司、组织或军队中的）人员；员工;职员jailn.监狱；看守所confinevt.1监禁；禁闭；2使局限于solitarya.1单独的；无伴的；2单个的；唯一的chambern.1（有某种用途的）室；2大厅；（尤指）会议厅establishvt.1建立（关系或联系）；2建立；创立；设立harmonyn.融洽相处reconcilevt.调和；调解v.（使）和解；（使）恢复友好关系conflictvi.矛盾；冲突；抵触n.（意见等的）抵触，冲突，矛盾conflicteda.（尤指情感）冲突的，矛盾的advocaten.提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者vt.主张；拥护；鼓吹griefn.（尤指因所爱之人去世而产生的）悲痛，极度悲伤ragen.盛怒；狂怒v.发怒；怒斥vi.（战斗、争论）激烈进行；（暴风雨）肆虐associationn.1协会社团；2关系；关联；交往legislationn.法规；法律authorityn.1权力；当权；2专家；权威；3官方机构；政府部门intensea.剧烈的；强烈的involvevt.1涉及；影响；2包含；需要；3鼓励…参与；允许…参加fulfill(BrE fulfil)vt.1履行；执行；符合；2实现；达到fulfillmentn.1履行；实现；达到；2满足感；成就感give one’s life捐躯；牺牲ring out发出响亮的声音shield sb./sth.from sb./sth.使…免受with(good/a good)grace有风度地；情愿地be/get caught up in sth.被卷入；陷入in the words of sb./in sb.’s words用某人的话来说reserve sth.for sb./sth.保留；预留relate to sth./sb.理解；认同make sense of sth.理解，弄懂某事（尤指困难或复杂的事）sum up概括；总结；概述in need在困难时；在贫困之中count on依靠；指望call on呼吁；号召UNIT 4 Baspirationn.强烈愿望；志向；抱负barelyad.1勉强才能；2几乎不lanen.1车道；2（乡间的）小路terrorn.恐惧；惊恐awful a.糟糕的；恶劣的；讨厌的abolishvt.废止；废除；取消imagen.印象；概念slipperya.滑的；湿滑的concreten.混凝土a.具体的primitivea.1（设计）简单的；2原始的crystaln.水晶reflectv.反射（光）vt.1映射；反射；2显示；反映leann.1倚；靠；2屈身；倾斜ignorevt.1忽略；忽视；不顾；2装作没有注意到；无视patroln.1巡逻队；巡查队；巡逻车队；2巡逻；巡查v.巡逻；巡查slamvt.1猛放；用力移；猛击；2使劲关；把…砰地关上haltn.停止；暂停yellv.（尤因恐惧、愤怒或激动而）叫喊，大嚷大叫n.叫喊backupn.1后备人员；支援人员；备用设备；2备份swellv.（数量）逐渐增加；（使）增多，增大vi.肿；肿胀monstern.妖怪；怪兽；怪物roarvi.吼叫；呼啸n.吼叫声；咆哮声limbn.1大树枝；2肢；手臂；腿currentn.（河、湖或海的）水流，潮流a.现时的；当前的；现行的submergevt.使浸没；淹没heavev.（用力）推，拉，提，举vi.强烈起伏lordn.1主（祷告时对上帝或耶稣的称呼）；2（英国的）（男性）贵族lowera.较低的；较下的v.减少；降低collapsevi.1（因病或虚弱）突然倒下，昏倒；2倒塌；坍塌badgen.徽章；证章；徽牌identifyvt.1是…的标志；显示出；2辨认，确认（某人）；3确认，识别（某物）betrayvt.1流露（想掩饰的情感）；2背叛（信任你的人）；对…不忠；出卖crackv.（使）裂开；（使）破裂n.裂缝；缝隙moanv.1呻吟；呜咽；2抱怨grabvt.攫取；抓住slendera.修长的；苗条的；纤细的streakvi.快速移动stiffa.（肌肉）疼痛的，僵硬的，不灵活的healv.1（在精神或感情上）（使）复原；（使）坚强起来；2（使）康复，复原acutea.1严重的；2灵敏的；敏锐的nightmaren.噩梦；梦魇live in terror of sb./sth.一直很害怕某人/某物a string of一连串，一系列（事件等）turn off不再听；不再想lean on依靠；依赖beat sb.to it抢在某人之前做pull over（使）（车辆或司机）停靠在路边slip off/down滑落；脱落bring sth.to a halt使停止；使停住；使暂停cut through（在水中或空中）轻松地通过fill up with（使）充满；（使）装满identify sb.as sb.表明…的身份catch up with追上；赶上break through(sth.)冲破；突破hold on紧紧抓住；紧紧抱住let go(of sb./sth.)放手；松开be grateful for对…表示感激UNIT 5 Amarathonn.马拉松（长跑）annuala.一年一度的；每年的routen.1路线；2途径；方法harsha.1严厉的；残酷的；苛刻的；2恶劣的；艰苦的；严峻的endurancen.（忍）耐力regardlessad.(～of)不管；不顾superprefix过于；超a.极好的；了不起的contractn.契约；合同；合约v.（使）签订合同；（使）立约prominenta.重要的；知名的；显赫的sponsorn.赞助者；赞助商vt.赞助；资助financevt.为…提供资金n.1财政；金融；2（机构或个人的）财务情况furnishvt.1供；供应；2为（房屋或房间）配备家具substantiala.1大量的；多的；2物质的；材料的mechanismn.1机构；结构；机制；体制；2机械装置；机件；工作部件contestn.比赛；竞赛vt.竞争；争夺；角逐distinctionn.1优秀；卓越；杰出；2差别；不同amateura.业余爱好者的n.业余爱好者odda.奇特的；古怪的；异常的invisiblea.看不见的assemblev.聚集；集合；收集vt.组装；装配assembleda.聚集在一起的assertvt.（坚决）主张；断言reactvi.（作出）反应apparenta.显而易见的；明白的publicityn.（报纸、电视等对某人或某物的）关注，报道crushn.拥挤的人群vt.压碎；压坏；压扁gearn.1服装；用具；装备；2排挡；挡位stylen.（个人的）行为方式，风格，作风shufflevi.拖着脚步走commentatorn.实况解说员；实况播音员alikead.两样都（用于强调刚提及的两者）a.相同的；相像的welfaren.1幸福；康乐；安康；2（政府或组织的）福利救济insanea.1愚蠢的；疯狂的；2精神错乱的；精神病的smashvt.打破纪录v.1打碎；砸碎（使）粉碎；2（使）猛撞，猛击，猛掷awardvt.给予；授予n.奖；奖赏；奖金；奖品prominencen.重要；著名despiteprep.尽管；虽然dimv.1（使）减弱；（使）变渺茫；2（使）暗下来；（使）变微弱a.阴暗的；昏暗的stroke n.中风vt.轻抚；轻摸legendn.1传奇人物；2传说；传奇（故事）magnificenta.宏伟的；壮观的；华丽的brillianta.1极好的；2明亮的；光辉夺目的；灿烂的individualn.个人；个体a.单独的；个别的inherenta.本质的；内在的；基本的inherentlyad.本质地；内在地；基本地up to达到；至多in attendance出席（重要或官方的活动）might(just)as well不妨；还不如；倒不如at a time每组；每次；一次leave sb./sth.behind1把…抛在后面2不带；忘记拿走；留下out loud大声地fall ill生病have no intention of doing sth.不打算做某事；无意做某事endear sb.to sb.使受欢迎；使被喜爱give away1分送，送掉（不需要的东西）2使露马脚；暴露pass away去世to this day直到现在；至今UNIT 5 Bmoldvt.塑造，影响（某人）n.模具；铸模criticala.1非常重要的；关键的；2批判的；爱挑剔的；吹毛求疵的underlinevt.1强调；使突出；2在…之下画线（以示重要）humblea.谦虚的；谦卑的；2（社会阶层或地位）卑微的，低下的generousa.1宽宏大量的；2慷慨的；大方的emphasizevt.强调；着重mutuala.1共有的；共同的；2相互的；彼此的obligationn.义务；职责；责任gracefula.1有风度的；得体的；2优美的；优雅的；雅致的youngstern.孩童；年轻人neverthelessad.然而；不过；尽管如此abstracta.纯理论上的；纯概念的；抽象的n.摘要；梗概conceptn.概念；观念；想法strategyn.行动计划；计谋；策略cooperationn.合作；协作cruciala.至关重要的；关键性的overcomevt.控制（感情）；克服（困难）fundamentala.1根本的；基本的；基础的；2必不可少的；十分重要的outcomen.结果；结局；后果ambitionn.1追求；夙愿；2抱负；雄心；野心participationn.参加；参与hazardn.危险；隐患psychologyn.心理学psychologistn.心理学家considerablea.相当大的intensityn.强烈；剧烈psychologicala.精神的；心理的emphasisn.重点；重要性exclusivea.专用的；独有的；独享的exclusivelyad.仅仅；单独地；专门地outlookn.1（对生活和世界的）看法，观点，态度；2前景；远景demandinga.1（人）要求严格的；苛求的；要求过高的；2要求高的；需要技能的；费力的excessivea.过度的；过多的drainvt.1使筋疲力尽；2使流走；使排出draininga.使人筋疲力尽的consequencen.后果raten.1（某事发生的）速率，速度；2比率；率accomplishvt.完成；实现accomplishmentn. 1 成就；成绩；2 完成；实现 adaptv. （使）适应；（使）适合 vt. 改造；改装 definevt. 1 使明确；规定；说明；2 给…下定义；解释 redefinevt. 重新界定；重新定义 traitn. 某人性格中的）特性，品质 extremea. 1 极大的；极度的；2 极端的；偏激的；过分的n. 极端（尤用于谈论两个相反的事物） extremelyad. 极度；极其 pavevt. 铺；铺砌；铺筑 the here and nowearly on在初期；开始不久 free ride白白得到的好处blame sb. for sth. 责怪；指责；把…归咎于 place emphasis on sth. 重视cancel out 抵消on the surface表面上；从外表看；乍一看 in shape 健康状况良好 deal with sth. 处理；应付the way of the world大多数人的行为方式；世道；事情 pave the way for sth.为某事物铺平道路；为某事物创造条件numerousa. 许多的；很多的 reliablea. 可信赖的；可靠的 contrastvt. 使成对比；使成对照 vi. 形成对比 n. 差异；差别 indicatevt. 1 表明；显示；2 表明（意向等） indicatorn. 指示物；指示者 decreasev. （使）变小；（使）减少 n. 减少；减少的量 assessvt. 1 评价；评定；2 估价；估计 alterv. （使）变化；（使）改变staken. 1 赌注；风险；2 （赛马、牌局等的）赌注，押金；3 股份 academic a. 学术的 underminevt. 逐渐削弱；逐渐损害 significanta. 1 相当数量的；显著的；2 重要的；意义重大的 significantlyad. 重大地；显著地 interferevi. 介入；干涉；干预 overallad. 1 一般地；总体上；2 全部地；总共a. 包括一切的；全部的 proofn. 证明；证据approximatelyad.大致；近似seeminglyad.1看样子；看来；2看上去；表面上；外观上consistenta.1稳定发展的；持续不变的；2（行为、态度、标准等）一贯的，一致的tolln.1严重的不良影响；2伤亡人数givenprep.考虑到；鉴于a.指定的；特定的indicationn.象征；迹象；标示compromisevt.危及；损害vi.折中解决；让步n.妥协；和解whereasconj.但是；却；尽管marginala.1勉强够格的；最低限度的；2小的；微不足道的；不重要的commitvt.1投入（钱、时间、人力等）；2犯（错误或罪行）committeda.坚定的；尽心尽力的withdrawv.退出；不参加vt.（从银行）提取strikinga.引人注目的；显著的；吸引人的generatevt.1产生；创造；2产生（热、电等能量）anewad.再；重新permanenta.长久的；永久的；永恒的owing toprep.因为；由于erode v.1（逐步）削弱，损害；2侵蚀；腐蚀characteristica.典型的；独特的n.特征；特性；特色intensivea.加强的；密集的recreationn.娱乐；消遣surplusa.过剩的；剩余的；多余的n.剩余；过剩；剩余额；多余的量accustomeda.习惯于做某事depressvt.1降低；减少；2使沮丧；使忧愁；使抑郁conventionn.习俗；惯例；常规controversiala.引起争论的；有争议的conventionala.常例的；因袭的；传统的formativea.个性形成时期/阶段等abandonvt.1放弃（信念、信仰或看法）；2抛弃；遗弃appealinga.有吸引力的；有趣的mythn.1（许多人相信的）错误观念，荒诞说法；2（古代的）神话resolvevt.1下决心，决意（做某事)；2解决（问题、困难）n.决心；决意interfere with妨碍；阻止cut class逃课on the other hand另一方面…；从一方面来说…，从另一方面来说…take a/its toll on对产生不良影响at risk(of)处境危险；受到威胁to begin with起初；开始的时候in other words换言之；换句话说cut back on1削减；缩减；2（尤指为了健康而）少吃，少喝，减少cut corners（为节省时间或金钱而）草草行事，偷工减料bit by bit逐渐地；一点一点地burn the midnight oil挑灯夜战；开夜车drop out1退学；辍学；2退出；脱离in turn1相应地；2轮流地；依次地contribute to促成，造成（某事发生）hold on to继续感到；仍然相信UNIT 6 Bsoarvi.1猛增；骤升；2急速升高franka.坦率的；坦诚的；直言不讳的vigorousa.1体力旺盛的；热情满怀的；强有力的；坚决的；2强壮的；积极的；健壮的absorbvt.1经受；承受；2吸收；3吸引某人；使专心tuitionn.学费tremendousa.巨大的；极快的；强有力的relevanta.有关的；切题的spiten.虽然；不顾；尽管…（仍…）obstaclen.障碍；阻碍；妨碍collectivea.集体的；共同的；共有的collectivelyad.集体地；共同地claimvt.声称；断言；主张n.声称；断言；主张endure vt.忍耐；忍受bulgevi.鼓起；胀出n.凸起；鼓起部分tutorn.1家庭教师；私人教师；2（学院或大学里的）导师，助教startlevt.使（某人）吃惊；吓（某人）一跳startleda.受到惊吓的；吓了一跳的；吃惊的necessityn.1必需品；2必要；必要性luxuryn.1奢侈品；2奢华；奢侈glimpsen.一瞥；飞快的一看priortitzev.确定优先次序；分清主次awarea.意识到的；知道的influentiala.有影响力的illustratevt.1（作为例证）说明（事实）；2（用图片、图表、一连串数字等）说明，阐明citevt.1引证；援引；2引用；引述dropoutn.辍学者；退学者evidencen.证据；证明exhaustvt.1用完；耗尽；2使筋疲力尽abusen.滥用vt.1虐待；凌辱；2滥用；妄用authentica.1可靠的；真实的；2正宗的；原汁原味的stressn.压力；忧虑；紧张vt.强调；着重tentionn.紧张；焦虑；焦急relievevt.1减轻，缓和，缓解（问题的难度或严重性）；2减轻，缓和，缓解（疼痛或不快的感觉）burdenn.重担；负担convincevt.使确信；使信服convinceda.确信的；信服的ensurevt.确保；保证responsiblea.1负责的；2有责任心的；可靠的；可信赖的formala.1(教育或培训）正规的；2官方的；正式的advanceda.1高级的；高等的；2先进的singulara.1奇异的；异常的；2单数的；单数形式的financiala.财政的；金融的；财务的furthermoread.此外；而且；不仅如此readilyad.1乐意地；爽快地；2快速地；便利地concedev.（不得不）承认maturevi.1变理智；（举止）变成熟；2成熟；长成 a.成熟的；理智的；明白事理的be in the/a minority占少数as for关于；至于a matter of(doing)sth.关乎…的事情look back回忆起；回顾feel sorry for oneself自我怜悯be envious of妒忌的；羡慕的catch/get/have a glimpse of一瞥；飞快地一看relieve sb.of sth.解除某人的负担UNIT 7 Afraudn.欺诈；诈骗corruptionn.（尤指有权势者的）贪污，贿赂，受贿，腐败expelvt.强迫（某人）离开；驱逐；开除purchasen.购买（的东西）vt.购买layern.1（组织或体系中的）层，级别，阶层；2表层；层exemplifyvt.1作为…的范例；当作…的典型；2举例说明consumer。

新视野大学英语3U1Love without limitationsMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother’s. Accompanying my growing up was always “go out and play and take your brother with you”. I couldn’t go anywhere without him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun.My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on belt. My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience and understanding. I was in charge outside where I administered justice by tracking down the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them. My father and Jimmy were inseparable. They ate breakfast together and on weekdays drove off to the navy shipping center every morning where they both worked-Jimmy unloaded color-coded boxes. At night after dinner, they would talk and play games late into the evening. They even whistled the same tunes. So when my father died of a heart attack in 1991, Jimmy was a wreck, beneath his careful disguise. He was simply in disbelief. Usually very agreeable, he now quit speaking altogether and no amount of words could penetrate the vacant expression he wore on his face. I hired someone to live with him and drive him to work, but no matter how much I tried to make things stay the same, even Jimmy grasped that the world he’d known was gone. One day I asked, ”You miss Dad, don’t you?” His lips quivered and then he asked, “What do you think, Margaret? He was my best friend.” Our tears began flow.My mother died of lung cancer six months later and I alone was left to look after Jimmy.He didn’t adjust to going to work wi thout my father right away, so he came and lived with me in New York City for a while. He went wherever I went and seemed to adjust pretty well. Still, Jimmy longed to live in my parents’ house and work at his old job and I pledged to help him return. Eventually, I was able to work it out. He has lived there for 11 years now with many different caretakers and blossomed on his own. He has become essential to the neighborhood. When you have any mail to be picked up or your dog needs walking, he is your man.My mother was right, of course: It was possible to have a home with room for both his limitations and my ambitions. In fact, caring for someone who loves as deeply and appreciates my efforts as much as Jimmy does has enriched my life more than anything else ever could have.This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmy’s 57th birthday. I had a party for him in my home in New York, but none of our familycould join us because travel was difficult and they were still reckoning with the sheer terror the disaster had brought. I called on my faithful friends to help make it a merry and festive occasion, ignoring the fact that most of them were emotionally drained and exhausted. Instead of the customary “No gifts, please”, I shouted, “Gifts! Please!”My friends-people Jimmy had come to know over the years-brought the ideal presents: country music CDs, a sweatshirt, one leather belt with “J-I-M-M-Y” on it, a knitted wool hat and a cowboy costume. The evening led up to the gifts and then the chocolate cake from his favorite bakery, and of course the ceremony wasn’t complete without the singing.A thousand times Jimmy asked, ”Is it time for the cake yet?” After dinner and the gifts Jimmy could no longer be restrained. He anxiously waited for the candles to be lit and then blew them out with one long breath as well all sang “Happy birthday”. Jimmy wasn’t satisfied with our effort, though. He jumped up on the chair and stood erect pointing both index fingers into the air to conduct us and yell ed, ”One…more…time!” We sang with all of the energy left in our souls and when we were finished he put both his thumbs up and shouted. “ That was super!”We had wanted to let him know that no matter how difficult things got in the world, there would always be people who cared about him. We ended up reminding ourselves instead. For Jimmy, the love with which we sang was a welcome bonus, but mostly he had just wanted to see everyone else happy again.Just as my father’s death had changed Jimmy’s world ov ernight, September 11th changed our lives; the world we’d known was gone. But, as we sang for Jimmy and held each tight afterward praying for peace around the world, we were reminded that the constant love and support of our friends and family would get us through whatever life might present. The simplicity with which Jimmy had reconciled everything for us should not have been surprising. There had never been limitations to what Jimmy’s love could accomplish.无限的爱我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。