【英语】高三英语语法填空技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析
一、高中英语语法填空
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.
【答案】the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。（1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。
（2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。
（3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。
（4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。
（5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。（6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health 是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。
（7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。
（8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态，代词，形容词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese dragons(龙)are fictional creatures, a root of Chinese people who considered themselves as the descendants(后代)of dragons. Since their creation, Chinese dragons________(win)the deep love from Chinese people, because of________(they)strong power and symbolic meanings. They played ________ important role in the history of Chinese nation, politics, religion, culture and Chinese language and became a symbol of China and Chinese people.
Dragon is a belief of Chinese nation and a ________(gold)Chinese element. When a person hears the name of dragon, China________(come)to his or her mind. As the strongest animal________(select)by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power ________helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell, and make clouds and rains. In ancient times, as a belief, dragon gave strong supports to the ruling of a big nation, and to people's fragile spirits and hard life because people suffered from extreme natural disasters and lack________the supports from science. The________(important)of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it________(reflect)in people's spirit, beliefs, and ideology.
【答案】have won；their；an；golden；will come；selected；that；of；importance；is reflected
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国龙是虚构的生物，是中国人视自己为龙的后代的根源，中国龙从诞生之日起就赢得了中国人的深情爱戴，因为他们强大的力量和象征意义，在中华民族、政治、宗教、文化和汉语史上占有重要地位，成为中国和中国人民的象征。
（1）考查时态。根据时间状语since their creation，可知谓语动词用现在完成时态，故填have won。
（2）考查代词。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
（3）考查冠词。play an important part in 固定短语，“在......起重要作用”，故填an。
（4）考查形容词。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填golden。
（5）考查时态。when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态，故填will come。
（6）考查非谓语动词。select和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填selected。
（7）考查定语从句。 helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell是限制性定语从句，先行词为 the strongest power，有形容词最高级修饰，在定语从句中作主语，故填that。
（8）考查介词。lack of固定短语，“缺乏”，故填of。
