人教版2020高考英语完形填空高频词汇与短语专项练习(含解析)

历年高考英语完形填空高频词汇总结动词类：1“看”look强调看的动作see强调看的结果;watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意catch sight of看见/stare盯着看；凝视stare at……盯着……看glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TVglare瞪着看；怒视glare at……瞪着……看2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb （about sth）强调说话者之间的交流say sth强调说的内容speak+语言说……语言speak English说英语whisper sth to sb 耳语inform sb of sth 通知某人某事talk/persuade sb into doing sth=persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价；达成协议claim声称; 索取; 断言mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事warn sb.against (doing)sth.警告某人某事remind提醒discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布3“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫sigh叹气quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问5“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7“写”dictate听写write sth 写d escribe描写drop a line 写信draw画take down/write down写下，记下8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug抱/hold 握in one’s arms14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息”lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹be asleep bend turn over翻身rest18“笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laugh b urst into laughter burst out laughing19“哭”cry shed tears 留泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找Search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect视察21“穿”p ut on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装get changed换衣服be in red Take off 脱remove 去除22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸have a meal have supper toast tastetreat sb to请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23“得”get obtain acquire获得知识和技能gain possess24“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见gone不见（物）great loss die die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25“有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有=possess26“无”n othing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/减”rise / go up /drop人主动抬价raise /bring dow n /reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn upDisappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“变化”develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without（negative adj.）turn + colour change /change into reform31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeUnderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality 33“努力”try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝贺congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝get together 聚会35赞美/批评praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blamecriticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of36喜/恶like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off37判断think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38到达arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth39受伤hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40损坏d amage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41修复repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself42支持/反对agree disagree accept receive refuse turn downbe against elect vote for/ against43 做饭cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush coveruncover cooker44 建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45 花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense46 省/存钱save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time47 参加take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against48控告accuse sb. of charge sb. With49 救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程/ cure 结果sb. Of sthAid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth50敬佩admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of51逃避ra n away escape from flee hide52 阻止/禁止prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit53 对付/处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle54 效仿copy imitate learn from learn54 爆发/发生come about happen to take place break outburst out go off explosion55安装/装备fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有56 追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上keep up with跟上57 想/考虑think of 考虑/+as把什么看成think about想起considerthink over仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.58 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do59 似乎/好象seem appear look like as if as though60 开办/关闭open start set up close/close up end close down名词类“1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off2旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking3职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess Assistant customer a dult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacherConductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin 5诊所/看病/服药clinic hospital take one’s temperature take medicine/pills have afever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6车站/机场airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志will courage patience determination faith effort c onfidence ambition energy9才能/品质talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable10优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith12方式means method way manner approach13身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be wel l keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight14图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15文章reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary日记Files form make a list of16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18建议/观点advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation19气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 20交通by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride21习惯habit custom get used to regular有规律的（形容词）practice惯例（名词）22感觉sight hearing touch smell sense23情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow24 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasur e diamond be rich/well-off25 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game matchsports player Coach judge jogging w eightlifting play volleyball/soccer/ 26衣服clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27事件incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类1人的各种感受乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused悲sad unhappy painful bitter平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quiteAccidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farFarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus….易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ matchHit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performerContain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ doFall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ accountCause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide Stand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/range Provide/supply/offer/ give/send。

2020高考英语完形填空解析难度系数：****Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy.41.A. relief B. target C. reason D. case42.A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize43.A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually自从我们的双胞胎开始学走路，我和我妻子就一直告诉他们我们的玻璃推拉门只是一扇窗户。

理由是显而易见的。

如果我们承认那是一扇门门，他们会不断地想出去。

那会把我们逼疯的。

obvious adj. 明显的;显然的;易理解的;公认的;当然的;平淡无奇的;无创意的;因显而易见而不必要的派生词：obviousness n.relief n. (不快过后的)宽慰，轻松;解脱;(焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻，消除，缓和;(给灾区或交战地区人民提供的)救济，救援物品target n. 目标;指标;(攻击的)目标，对象;靶;靶子v. 把…作为攻击目标;把…作为批评的对象;面向，把…对准(某群体)admit v. (常指勉强)承认;承认(过错、罪行);招认;招供;准许…进入(某处) The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insist ing it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.44.A. result B. danger C. method D. truth45.A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly46.A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting孩子们显然知道真相。

2019年高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空选练（6）李仕才第一部分：完形填空AMany years ago, when I was a man in my twenties, I worked as a salesman for a piano company.We __1__ our pianos all over the state by advertising in small town __2__. Every time we advertise, we would receive a re ply on a postcard which said, “Please __3__ me a new piano for my little granddaughter. It __4__ be red mahogany (红木). I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” Of course, we could not sell a(n) __5__ piano for $10 a month. __6__ her cards kept on coming.A couple of years later, I __7__ my own piano company, and when I __8__ in that area, the postcards started coming to me. For months, I ignored (不理睬) __9__—what else could I do?But then, one day I __10__ to be in the area. I had a red mahogany piano on my little truck. Despite knowing that I was about to __11__ a terrible business decision, I managed to find the old woman and took the new piano in her house and placed it __12__ I thought the roof would be least likely to rain on it. I told her and a little barefoot girl to try to __13__ the chickens off it, and I felt sure I had just __14__ a new piano.But the __15__ came in, all 52 of them as agreed, sometimes with coins. It was unbelievable!Then one day I was in Memphis on __16__ business. As I was sitting at the bar having a drink, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. I looked __17__， and there was a lovely young woman __18__ a very nice ground piano.She smiled at me, asked for requests, and when she took a __19__ she sat down at my table.“Aren't you the man who sold my grandma a piano a long time ago？”I suddenly remembered. My Lord, it was her! It was the little barefoot girl!I did have to go to my room because men don't like to be __20__ crying in public.1．A.made B．soldC．fixed D．delivered答案：B 从下文看，作者是卖钢琴。

2020高考英语完形填空最全解题技巧, 建议人手一份! (附高频词汇)在历年的高考中完形填空一直都是困扰考生的一大难题，这类题型主要是考查学生的词汇、固定搭配、语法等语言知识的综合能力，它既反映出学生阅读理解能力，又体现了学生在语境中的逻辑判断能力。

一、解题原则1.先语义后语法近几年，单纯的语法题几乎从完型填空类题型中消失，几乎每一题的四个选项都符合语法规则，如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就陷入了答题误区，理解文章的大意并结合语言结构对每个空格作出判断，方为上策。

2.答案要从文中找近义词或词组辨析逐渐成为完形填空常挖空的热点考点。

四个选择项要么是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么就是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。

如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示。

二、解题步骤1. 快速浏览，重视首句；2. 通读全文，先易后难；3. 复读全文，验证答案。

三、解题技巧1.利用重复词语、派生词或者近义词等解题完形填空题的文章一般都会前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复的现象，或者出现其派生词、近义词等，这类题目一般比较容易解答。

例如：2.利用逻辑关系解题所谓的逻辑关系其实并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。

当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，还有可能会渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。

如果能充分利用这些逻辑关系词，我们就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系。

3.利用上下文线索解题对于大部分完形填空题目，我们需要通过上下文线索解题。

有些解题的线索就在题目的附近。

4.利用文化背景知识和生活常识解题有些完形填空的文章渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。

高中生应掌握丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，具备了一定的价值判断能力。

在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地顺着作者的思路阅读下去。

高考英语完形填空重点高频词汇总alter v. 改变，改动，变更burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸，炸掉consume v. 消耗，耗尽split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略slide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片bacteria n. 细菌breed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排candidate n. 候选人campus n. 校园liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的transform v. 转变，变革；变换transmit v. 传播，播送；传递transplant v. 移植transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具shift v. 转移；转动；转变vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化vanish vi. 消灭，不见swallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的mild a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的accelerate vt. 加速，促进absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的boundary n. 分界线，边界brake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车）catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目vague a. 模糊的，不明确的vain n. 徒劳，白费extinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的extreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分agent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精appeal n./vi. 呼吁，恳求appreciate vt. 重视，赏识，欣赏approve v. 赞成，同意，批准stimulate vt. 刺激，激励acquire vt. 取得，获得；学到accomplish vt .完成，到达；实行network n. 网状物；广播网，电视网；网络tide n. 潮汐；潮流tidy a. 整洁的，整齐的trace vt. 追踪，找到n. 痕迹，踪迹torture n./vt. 拷打，折磨wander vi. 漫游，闲逛wax n. 蜡weave v. 织，编preserve v. 保护，保存，保持，维持abuse v. 滥用，虐待；谩骂academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会battery n. 电池（组）barrier n. 障碍；棚栏cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物career n. 生涯，职业vessel n. 船舶；容器，器皿；血管vertical a. 垂直的oblige v. 迫使，责成；使感激obscure a. 阴暗，模糊extent n. 程度，范围，大小，限度exterior n. 外部，外表a. 外部的，外表的external a. 外部的，外表的，外面的petrol n. 汽油petroleum n. 石油delay vt./n. 推迟，延误，耽搁decay vi. 腐烂，腐朽decent a. 像样的，体面的route n. 路；路线；航线ruin v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[pl.]废墟sake n. 缘故，理由satellite n. 卫星scale n. 大小，规模；等级；刻度temple n. 庙宇tedious a. 乏味道，单调的tend vi.易于，趋向88. tendency n.趋向，趋势ultimate a. 极端的，最大的，最终的n. 极端undergo v. 经历，遭受abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的，大量的adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳adapt vi. 适应，适合；改编，改写vt. 使适应bachelor n. 学士，学士学位；单身汉casual a. 偶然的，碰巧的；临时的；非正式的trap n. 陷阱，圈套v. 设陷阱捕捉vacant a. 空的，未占用的vacuum n. 真空，真空吸尘器oral a. 口头的，口述的，口的optics n. （单、复数同形）光学organ n. 器官，风琴excess n. 过分，过量，过剩expel v. 驱逐，开除，赶出expend v. 消费expenditure n. 支出，消费；经费expense n. 开销，费用expensive a. 花钱多的；价格高贵的expand v. 扩大，扩张；展开，膨胀expansion n. 扩大，扩充；发展，膨胀private a. 私人的，个人的individual a. 个别的，单独的n. 个人，个体personal a. 个人的，私人的；亲自的personnel n. [总称]人员，员工；人事部门the Pacific Ocean 太平洋the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋grant vt. 授予，同意，准予grand a. 宏伟大，壮丽的，重大的invade v. 侵入，侵略，侵袭acid n. 酸，酸性物质a. 酸的；尖刻的acknowledge v. 承认；致谢balcony n. 阳台calculate vt. 计算，核算calendar n. 日历，月历optimistic a. 乐观optional a. 可以任选的，非强制的outstanding a. 杰出的，突出的，显著的export n. 出口（物）v. 出口，输出import n. 进口（物）v. 进口，输入impose vt. 把...加强(on)；采用，利用religion n. 宗教，宗教信仰religious a. 宗教的victim n. 牺牲品，受害者video n. 电视，视频a. 电视的，录像的videotape n. 录像磁带v. 把...录在录像带上offend v. 冒犯，触犯bother v. 打搅，麻烦interfere v. 干涉，干扰，妨碍internal a. 内部的，国内的beforehand ad. 预先，事先racial a. 人种的种族的radiation n. 放射物，辐射radical a.根本的；激进的range n. 幅度，范围v. （在某范围内）变动wonder n. 惊奇，奇迹v. 想知道，对...感到疑惑isolate vt. 使隔离，使孤立issue n. 问题，争论点；发行，（报刊）一期hollow a. 空的，中空的，空虚道hook n. 钩vt. 钩住adequate a. 适当地；足够adhere vi. 粘附，附着；遵守，坚持ban vt. 取缔，禁止capture vt. 俘虏，捕获valid a. 有效的，有根据的；正当的valley n. 山谷，峡谷consistent a. 坚固定；一致的，始终如一的continuous a. 继续的，连续（不断）的continual a. 不断地，频繁的explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增exploit v. 剥削；利用，开采explore v. 勘探explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的remote a. 遥远的，偏僻的removal n. 除去，消除render vt. 使得，致使precaution n. 预防，防备，警惕idle a. 懒散的，无所事事的identify vt. 认出，鉴定identify n. 身份；个性，特性poverty n. 贫穷resistant a. (to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的resolve vt. 解决；决定，决意barrel n. 桶bargain n. 便宜货vi. 讨价还价coarse a. 粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车code n. 准则，法规，密码coil n. 线圈v. 卷，盘绕adult n. 成年人advertise v. 为...做广告advertisement n. 广告agency n. 代理商，经销商focus v. （使）聚集n. 焦点，中心，聚焦forbid vt. 不许，禁止debate n./v. 辩论，争论debt n. 欠债decade n. 十年enclose vt. 围住；把...装入信封encounter vt./n. 遭遇，遭到globe n. 地球，世界；地球仪global a. 全球的；总的scan vt. 细看；扫描；浏览scandal n. 丑事，丑闻significance n. 意义；重要性subsequent a. 随后的，后来的virtue n. 美德，优点virtual a. 实际上的，事实上的orient vt. 使适应，(to,toward)使朝向n. 东方portion n. 一部分target n. 目标，靶子vt. 瞄准portable a. 手提式的decline v. 拒绝，谢绝；下降illusion n. 错觉likelihood n. 可能，可能性stripe n. 条纹emphasize vt. 强调，着重emotion n. 情感，感情emotional a. 感情的，情绪（上）的awful a. 极坏的，威严的，可怕的awkward a. 笨拙的，棘手的clue n. 线索，提示collision n. 碰撞，冲突device n. 装置，设备devise vt. 发明，策划，想出inevitable a. 不可避免的naval a. 海军的navigation n. 航行necessity n. 必需品；必要性previous a. 先，前，以前的provision n. [pl.]给养，口粮；准备，设备，装置pursue vt. 追逐；追求；从事，进行stale a. 不新鲜的，陈腐的substitute n. 代用品vt. 代替deserve vt. 应受，应得，值得discrimination n. 歧视；辨别力professional a. 职业的，专门的secure a. 安全的，可靠的security n. 安全，保障scratch v./n. 抓，搔，扒talent n. 才能，天资；人才insurance n. 保险，保险费insure vt. 给...保险，保证，确保nevertheless ad. 仍然，然而，不过neutral a. 中立的，中性的spot n. 地点；斑点vt. 认出，发现；玷污spray v. 喷，（使）溅散medium a. 中等的，适中的n. 媒介物，新闻媒介media n. 新闻传媒auxiliary a. 辅助的，备用的automatic a. 自动的compete vi. 竞争，比赛competent a. 有能力的，能胜任的competition n. 竞争，比赛distribute vt. 分发disturb vt. 打搅，妨碍infer v. 推论，推断integrate v. (into,with)（使）成为一体，（使）合并moist a. 潮湿moisture n. 潮湿promote vt. 促进；提升region n. 地区；范围；幅度register v./n.登记，注册stable a. 稳定的sophisticated a. 老于世故的，老练的；很复杂的splendid a. 极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的cancel vt. 取消，废除variable a. 易变的，可变的prospect n. 前景，前途；景象prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣aspect n. 方面；朝向；面貌cope vi. (with)（成功地）应付，处理core n. 果心，核心maintain vt. 维持，保持；坚持，主张mainland n. 大陆discipline n. 纪律；惩罚；学科domestic a. 本国的，国内的；家用的；家庭的constant a. 不变的，恒定的n. 常数cliff n. 悬崖，峭壁authority n. 权威；当局audio a. 听觉attitude n. 态度community n. 社区，社会commit vt. 犯（错误，罪行等），干（坏事等）comment n./vt. 评论distinguish vt. 区分，辨别distress n. 痛苦，悲伤vt. 使痛苦facility n. [pl.] 设备，设施；便利，方便faculty n. 能力，技能；系，学科，学院；全体教员mixture n. 混合，混合物mood n. 心情，情绪；语气moral a. 道德上的，有道德的prominent a. 突出的substance n. 物质；实质substantial a. 可观的；牢固的；实质的prompt vt. 促使a. 敏捷的，及时的vivid a. 生动的vocabulary n. 词汇（量）；词汇表venture n. 风险投资，风险项目v. 冒险；取于version n. 版本，译本；说法waist n. 腰，腰部weld v./n. 焊接yawn vi. 打哈欠yield vi. (to)屈服于；让出，放弃n. 产量zone n. 地区，区域strategy n. 战略，策略strategic a. 战略（上）的，关键的tense a. 紧张的v. 拉紧n. 时态tension n. 紧张（状态），张力。

2020高考完形填空核心单词及短语大汇总一. 高中英语完形填空常考四大词性高频词动词1.“看”：look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV2. “说”：telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth; talk with sb about sth; say sth; speak in English; whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain3. “叫”：cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel4. “问”：ask; interview; express; question5. “答”：answer; respond; reply6. “听”：listen to; hear; pick up; overhear7. “笑”：smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing8. “哭”：cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying9. “吃/喝”：eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to10. “穿”：put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove11. “行”：walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl 12. “坐”：sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat，stand; lean13. “睡/休息”：lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest14. “写”：dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down15. “拿/放”：take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push16. “抓”：take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch17. “打”：hit; beat; strike; blow; attack18. “扔”：throw; drop; fall; wave; shake19. “送”：send; deliver; give; offer; see off20. “摸/抱”：ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms21. “踢/碰”：kick; knock; tip22. “找/查”：find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect23. “得”：get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess24. “失”：lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss25. “有”：have; own; conquer; occupy；possess26. “无”：nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone27. “增/减”：rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease28. “买/卖”：buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts 29. “存在/消失”：come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight30. “变化”：develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform31. “成功/失败”：make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality32. “努力”：try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do33. 祝贺：congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together34. 敬佩：admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy35. 赞美/批评：praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of 36. 喜/恶：like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy;dislike hate; ignore37. 到达：arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for38. 受伤：hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss39. 损坏：damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken40. 修复：repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself41. “认识的过程”：feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to42. 认为;判断：think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt43. 想/考虑：think of…as...; think about; consider; think over44. 支持/反对：agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against45. 花费：sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth.46. 省/存钱：save /save up; set aside; put away47. 参加：take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against48. 控告：accuse sb. of; charge sb. with49. 救治/帮助：help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth50. 逃避：run away; escape from; flee; hide51. 阻止/禁止：prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit52. 对付/处理：handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle53. 效仿：copy; imitate; learn from; learn54. 爆发/发生：come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode 55. 安装/装备：fasten; fix; set; equip; bearmed with; be equipped with56. 追求：pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with57. 建议：advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade58. 打算：plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do59. 似乎/好象：seem; appear; look like;as if /as though60. 开办/关闭：open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down名词1. 假期vacation，holiday，spring break，leave，two days off2. 旅游trip，journey，tour，voyage，travel，tourist，passenger3. 职务人员clerk，secretary，passer-by friend，minister，manager，waitress，guest，host，hostess，assistant，customer，adult，neighbor，relative，patient，vet，staff，crew，nurse，teacher，conductor，tailor，sailor，inventor，gardener，guard4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐inn，restaurant，kitchen，menu，bill，order，tip，fork and knife，reserve /book table，taste delicious，salad，vegetables，fruit，tray，napkin5. 诊所/看病/服药clinic，hospital，take one’s temperature，take medicine/pills，have a fever/flu/headache，doctor，physician，surgeon，specialist，patient6. 车站/机场airport，on board，miss the train/bus，catcha train，meet sb.7. 身体部位arm，head，hair，brain，waist，back，shoulder，pulse，wrist8. 意志will，courage，patience，determination，faith，effort，confidence，ambition，energy9. 才能/品质talent，gift，ability，potential，intelligent，promising，smart，stupid，careful，proud，strict，honest，cold，serious，easy-going，learned，knowledgeable10. 优缺点advantage，disadvantage，strength，weakness，merit，drawback, strong point，shortcoming11. 目标aim，goal，intention，purpose，belief，faith 12. 方式means，method，way，manner，approach 13. 身体素质strong，weak，pale，sick，ill，well，slim，fit，cut weight，put on weight14. 图表photo，picture，graph，drawing，table，line/bar graph，pie chart，draw a sketch（划草图）15. 文章reading，translation，essay，poem，paper，novel，fiction article，magazine，newspaper，journal，diary，files16. 课堂class，course，lecture，example，reason，message，notes，words，phrase，scholarship，degree，subject，question，trouble，difficulty，grades，comment，marks17. 学校活动match，game，activity，hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18. 建议/观点advice，suggestion，idea，proposal，view，recommandation19. 气候/天气climate，weather，storm，wind，cloud，rain，snow，hotness，coldness，heat，warmth 20. 交通by train/bus /boat bike，on the train/bus /a bike，drive a car，ride a bike，give sb. alift/ride21. 习惯habit，custom，practice（惯例）22. 感觉sight，hearing，touch，smell，taste，sense 23. 情感feeling，emotion，anger，delight，sadness，sorrow24. 财富money，possessions，wealth，belongings，fortunes，treasure，diamond25. 运动比赛playground，track and filed，pitch，event，game，match，sports，player，coach，judge，jogging，weightlifting，volleyball，soccer 形容词和副词1. immediate adj 立即的，立刻的，马上2. clear adj 清楚的，清晰的3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的4.vivid adj 生动的，逼真的5.exactly adv ①确切地,精确地②恰好地,正好地③(用于答语)完全正确。

人教版2020高考英语词汇（12）练习（含解析）词汇（12）李仕才复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1． Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ______.答案：another 句意：循环利用是保护环境的一种方法，再次使用是另一种。

another“另一，又一”。

2． To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ______of her colleagues.答案：that 根据“先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任”可知，此处用于替代不可数名词trust，应用that；如果替代可数名词复数用those或the ones。

3．(2013·天津，12改编)At our factory there are a few machines similarto______described in this magazine.答案：those 考查用于比较对象替代的代词。

比较对象的替代通常可以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，故此处用those替代比较对象machines。

4．(2015·安徽黄山一模改编)Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of ________ own.答案：their 句意为：文化冲击是一种大多数旅游者在外国会经历的感受，他们会发现当地文化与自己的文化大不相同。

根据句意可知此处指旅行者自己的文化。

考前阅读、完型与写作之语法填空专项训练语法填空专练一A jobless man applied for the position of “office boy” at a big firm.The HR manager 1 (interview) him, then a test: clean the floor. “You are hired,” he said, “give me your email address, 2 I’ll send you the applicat ion to fill.”The man replied “I don’t have a computer, 3 an email”.“I’m sorry,” said the HR manager,” that means you do not exist. And 4 doesn’t exist cannot have the job.” The man left 5 no hope at all. He didn’t know what to do, with only $10 in his pocker.He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy a 10KG tomato crate. He then sold the tomatoes in a door to door round. In less than two hours, he 6 (success) in doubling his capital. He repeated the operation 3 times, and returned home with $60.5 years later, the man is one of the 7 (big) food retailers in the US. He started to plan his family’s future, and decided to have a life insurance.He called 8 insurance broker, and chose a protection plan. When the conversation was concluded, the broker asked him email. The man replied,”I don’t have an email”. The broker replied 9 (curious), “You don’t have an email, and yet have established an empire! Do you imagine 10 you could have beenif you had an email?The man t hought for a while, and replied:”An office boy!”语法填空专练二Many of us were raised with the saying "Waste not, want not.” None ofAny kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents,each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits candown on waste.no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children will be able to develop well. We can't solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness.Waste not！语法填空专练三There was once a boy who had a temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he 1 hammer a nail into the back of the fence.The first day the boy 2 (drive)37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered 3 (gradual) decreased. He discovered __4__ was easier to hold his temper than to drive nails into the fence.Finally the day came __5__ he didn’t lose his temper.He told his father and his father suggested that the boy now__6__ (pull) out one nail for each day so that he was able to hold his anger. The days passed and the boy told his father that all the nails were gone.The father took the boy __7__ the hand and led him to the fence. He said,“Look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger; they leave a scar (疤痕) just like the__8__ on the fence. It won’t matter how many times you say I am sorry, __9__ wound is still there.A verbal wound is as bad as a physical one. Friends are very rare. They make you smile and encourage you __10__ (success). They lend an ear, and always want to open their hearts to us.”语法填空专练四阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

2019年高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空选练（10）李仕才第一部分：完形填空A请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

My parents had always prepared for hurricanes. It is what 1 people do in Florida because “you never know”. For us, that 2 a white metal cabinet (储藏柜) in our utility room (杂用间) filled with cans of food. We could 3 eat anything out of the cabinet because “you never know” when a hurricane will come.As a kid, I was 4 about the white cabinet. I thought it was kind of strange to have food in the utility room. But, one look from my mother 5 me from opening the door to glance inside.One year, Channel 4 reported that Hurricane Dora was 6 for the northern part of Florida. Soon the storm got 7 and the wind blew. Then, the tall pine trees started to sway. And, by “sway”, I meant “8 over or crash down on anything in their way”. We were lucky, as the 9 went other directions and didn’t take our power out.However, when my mother started cooking, the power was out. 10 I figured it was time to crack open that white cabinet. But, Dad thought it was time to 11 up the charcoal grill outside where it was raining and windy. To this day, I never 12 a man’s love for his grill.Our power came back for a while. So, my mother began cooking everything she couldand 13 it away, to the neighbors, to friends without power, to anyone who was 14 up.I was hoping that the fried chicken was going to find its way to our 15 . But, it didn’t. And, just as the last of the food was sent out and she began to work on our dinner, yes, we lost our 16 . It was time for 20 minutes’ eggs on the grill.Oh, the white metal cabinet. No. We never 17 it. We weren’t “that bad off”as I understand it. And, for years I 18 how bad off we would have to be to eat out of that cabinet. Perhaps it was just the 19 of it, the thought that it was there watching ourbacks 20 we wanted a can of beans or some potted meat. I don’t know if that was what was in there. Anyway, I never looked inside.1. A. brave B.serious C. generous D.smart2. A. said B.meant C. showed D. presented3. A. forever B.always C.never D. ever4. A. doubtful B. concerned C. anxious D. curious5. A. banned B.kept C.defended D. protected6. A. reaching B.looking C. heading D. going7. A. round B.down C.far D. close8. A. fall B.trip C.fly D. tip9. A. walls B.poles C.trees D. bushes10. A. Yet B.Otherwise C. Nevertheless D. So11. A. start B.use C.break D. hold12. A. question B. mention C. investigate D. appreciate13. A. putting B.turning C. giving D. clearing14. A. full B.well C.high D. hard15. A. cupboard B. room C. bed D. table16. A. food B.power C.water D. money17. A. opened B.locked C.fixed D. cleaned18. A. examined B. analyzed C. wondered D. imagined19. A. purpose B.problem C. thought D. conclusion20. A. wherever B. whenever C. however D. whatever【参考答案】完形填空1—10、D B C D B C D A C D11—15、A A C D D B A C C BB(2015·呼和浩特第一次调研)The 100th Running Shoe KeychainWhen I was in grade 6，I joined the cross country running club.I hated running but __1__ because my friends were in the club.I worked hard but no matter how hard I trained，I __2__ came in the last.After yet another meet where I came in last，I told my coach that I was going to __3__.I couldn’t run.I hated running and all I was doing was pulling the __4__ down.I don’t remember his words，but I do remember he __5__ to let me quit.I remember feeling that he believed in me even though I didn’t bel ieve in myself.Ikept __6__ and participating in the meets.He never gave up on me.Instead，he always encouraged me to keep going，and told me that I could do it.Then the final meet came，a huge __7__ with less than two hundred students running.We learned that not only the first 20 students __8__ the line would win an award，but also the first 100 would be given a running shoe keychain as encouragement.We set off and I quickly __9__ behind.I didn’t stop and kept running.My friends who __10__ me encouraged me to keep running.When I passed the __11__，finally，and received the 100th keychain，there were still several students behind me.For the first time，I was not the __12__ one！I remember how excited I felt and how my friends felt happy for me.The following week there was a school gathering.We were all called up in front of the school.The coach shared that we were high __13__ at the meet，and almost everyone on the team came home with __14__.I felt ashamed，for I was the one who didn’t win an award.I only came in the 100th place and didn’t __15__ his praise.Then he came behind me，put his hands on my shoulders and told the school he was __16__ of me because I never gave up and because of that，I pulled from last __17__ to the middle of the race—which was an unbelievable personal __18__.He spoke on how we all __19__ one another and how well we worked together，__20__ we all were racing alone.I still keep that keychain，which tells me never to give up and always work with others.It doesn’t matter if you are the first；what matters is doing your best.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。