数据库-连接查询
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VBA中的数据库连接和查询方法详解数据库连接和查询是VBA编程中的重要方面,它们允许我们与数据库进行交互,从中获取数据并执行各种操作。
在本篇文章中,我们将详细介绍如何在VBA中进行数据库连接和查询,包括连接字符串的使用、连接到不同类型的数据库、执行SQL查询语句等。
首先,让我们了解一下连接字符串。
连接字符串是一种包含有关数据库连接信息的文本。
它通常包括数据库服务器的名称或IP地址、数据库名称、验证凭据等。
以连接到Microsoft Access数据库为例,连接字符串的格式如下:```Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;DataSource=C:\path\to\database.accdb;Persist Security Info=False;```在这个格式中,Provider指定了我们使用的数据库提供程序,Data Source指定了数据库文件的路径,Persist Security Info参数用于指定是否保留验证凭据。
根据不同的数据库类型,连接字符串的格式会有所不同。
接下来,我们来看一下如何连接到不同类型的数据库。
除了Microsoft Access,VBA还支持连接到其他类型的数据库,如Microsoft SQL Server、Oracle、MySQL等。
对于不同的数据库类型,我们需要使用适合的连接字符串和数据库提供程序。
连接到Microsoft SQL Server数据库的示例连接字符串如下:```Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=server_name;Initial Catalog=database_name;User ID=user_id;Password=password;```这里,Provider指定了SQL Server的数据库提供程序,Data Source指定了服务器的名称或IP地址,Initial Catalog指定了数据库的名称,而User ID和Password则是用于验证凭据的用户名和密码。
MySQL中的连接查询和子查询的区别和应用在MySQL中,连接查询(JOIN)和子查询(Subquery)是两种常见的查询方法,它们都能实现复杂的数据检索和处理。
本文将简要介绍这两种查询方法的区别及其应用场景。
一、连接查询(JOIN)连接查询是通过将多个表按照某种条件连接起来,获得相关联的数据。
在MySQL中,连接查询主要有三种类型:内连接(INNER JOIN),左连接(LEFT JOIN)和右连接(RIGHT JOIN)。
1. 内连接(INNER JOIN)内连接是连接查询中最常用的一种类型,它只返回两个表之间满足连接条件的行。
在内连接中,只有两个表中具有相同值的行才会出现在结果集中。
例如,我们有两个表:学生表(students)和课程表(courses)。
学生表中存储了学生的ID和姓名,课程表中存储了课程的ID和名称。
我们可以使用内连接查询来获取选了某门课程的学生的信息:```sqlSELECT , FROM studentsINNER JOIN coursesON students.id = courses.student_idWHERE = '数学';```上述查询会返回选了“数学”这门课的学生的姓名和课程名。
2. 左连接(LEFT JOIN)左连接是指将左表和右表按照连接条件连接起来,并返回左表的所有记录和匹配到的右表记录。
如果右表中没有匹配的记录,那么结果集中右表的值将被设为NULL。
例如,我们可以使用左连接查询来获取所有学生的选课情况,即使某些学生没有选课:```sqlSELECT , FROM studentsLEFT JOIN coursesON students.id = courses.student_id;```上述查询会返回所有学生的姓名,以及他们所选课程的名称。
如果某个学生没有选课,则课程名称为NULL。
3. 右连接(RIGHT JOIN)右连接和左连接类似,只是将左表和右表的位置互换。
数据库内连接查询语句数据库内连接查询语句作为数据库管理系统中最基本的功能之一,查询数据表中的信息是任何一个数据库管理工具的核心。
而在实际应用中,使用内连接查询语句也是极其常见的操作。
下面就介绍一下数据库内连接查询语句的使用方法。
1. 什么是内连接查询?内连接查询是指查询两个或多个不同的数据表,并将按照特定条件匹配的记录连接在一起。
内连接查询的结果是两个表之间共有的记录。
内连接查询可以通过多种方式实现,但最常见的是使用 JOIN 语句。
2. 内连接查询的分类内连接查询可以分为三种类型:等值连接、非等值连接和自连接。
2.1 等值连接等值连接是指匹配两个数据表上完全相同的值。
在等值连接中,可以使用等于号 (=) 或 INNER JOIN 关键字,其语法如下:SELECT column_name(s)FROM table1INNER JOIN table2ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name;等值连接在实际的数据库应用中尤为常见,可以用于查看两张包含类似信息的表中共有的数据记录。
2.2 非等值连接非等值连接是指匹配两个表中不完全相同的值。
在非等值连接中,可以使用小于号 (<) 或大于号 (>) 等,其语法如下:SELECT column_name(s)FROM table1INNER JOIN table2ON table1.column_name < table2.column_name;非等值连接的主要应用场景在于对数据表进行更为复杂的比较和匹配操作。
2.3 自连接自连接是指将数据表的某一列与同一个表中的另一列进行连接。
自连接可以用于查找同一数据表中的关联记录,其语法如下:SELECT column_name(s)FROM table1 t1, table1 t2WHERE t1.column_name = t2.column_name;自连接通常用于在同一数据表中查找具有类似数据的记录。
数据库内连接查询语句数据库内连接查询语句是数据库中常用的一种查询方法,用于从多个表中检索数据并进行关联。
下面是十个符合要求的数据库内连接查询语句的示例:1. 查询订单表和客户表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 订单表 INNER JOIN 客户表 ON 订单表.客户ID = 客户表.客户ID;2. 查询学生表和课程表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 学生表 INNER JOIN 课程表 ON 学生表.学生ID = 课程表.学生ID;3. 查询员工表和部门表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 员工表 INNER JOIN 部门表 ON 员工表.部门ID = 部门表.部门ID;4. 查询商品表和分类表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 商品表 INNER JOIN 分类表 ON 商品表.分类ID = 分类表.分类ID;5. 查询订单表、客户表和商品表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 订单表 INNER JOIN 客户表 ON 订单表.客户ID = 客户表.客户ID INNER JOIN 商品表 ON 订单表.商品ID = 商品表.商品ID;6. 查询学生表、课程表和成绩表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 学生表 INNER JOIN 课程表 ON 学生表.学生ID = 课程表.学生ID INNER JOIN 成绩表 ON 学生表.学生ID = 成绩表.学生ID;7. 查询员工表、部门表和工资表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 员工表 INNER JOIN 部门表 ON 员工表.部门ID = 部门表.部门ID INNER JOIN 工资表 ON 员工表.员工ID = 工资表.员工ID;8. 查询商品表、分类表和库存表中的所有匹配记录:SELECT * FROM 商品表 INNER JOIN 分类表 ON 商品表.分类ID = 分类表.分类ID INNER JOIN 库存表 ON 商品表.商品ID = 库存表.商品ID;9. 查询订单表和客户表中匹配的记录,并按照订单金额升序排序:SELECT * FROM 订单表 INNER JOIN 客户表 ON 订单表.客户ID = 客户表.客户ID ORDER BY 订单表.订单金额 ASC;10. 查询学生表和课程表中匹配的记录,并按照课程名称降序排序:SELECT * FROM 学生表 INNER JOIN 课程表 ON 学生表.学生ID = 课程表.学生ID ORDER BY 课程表.课程名称 DESC;以上是十个符合要求的数据库内连接查询语句的示例,它们可以用于从多个表中检索数据并进行关联。
sql数据库连接查询(SQL database connection query)-- create a link serverExec sp_addlinkedserver 'ITSV', 'SQLOLEDB', 'remote server name or IP address'Exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'itsv ', 'false', null, 'username', 'password'-- query examplesSelect * from its.dbo. table name-- import sampleSelect * into table from itsv. database nameDelete the link server when it is no longer usedExec sp_dropserver 'ITSV', 'droplogins'- to connect to a remote/local area network (LAN) data (openrowset/openquery/opendatasource)- 1, openrowset-- query examplesSelect * from openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)-- raw cost surfaceSelect * into table from openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)- import the surface into the remote tableInsert openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)Select * from the surface-- update the surfaceThe update bSet b. Column A = a. column AFrom openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name) as a inner join the surface bOn a.c olumn1 = biggest olumn1-- openquery USES the need to create a connectionFirst create a connection to create the link serverExec sp_addlinkedserver 'ITSV', 'SQLOLEDB', 'remote server name or IP address'- the querySelect *FROM openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database, dbo. Table name')- import the surface into the remote tableInsert openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database, dbo. Table name')Select * from the surface-- insert the surfaceInsert into the surface select * from openquery (ITSV, 'select * from database, dbo. Table name')-- update the surfaceThe update bSet b. column b = a. column bFROM openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database.') as aInner join subsurface b on a = b. Column a- 3, opendatasource/openrowsetSELECT *FROM opendatasource (' SQLOLEDB ', 'Data Source = IP/ServerName; User ID = login name; Password = Password').test.dbo. roy_ta- import the surface into the remote tableInsert opendatasource (' SQLOLEDB ', 'Data Source =IP/ServerName; User ID = login; Password = Password'). Database. Dbo. Table nameSelect * fromInstall the MySQL ODBC driver MyODBC1. Create an ODBC system data source for MySQL, for example, select database as test,The data source is myDSN2. Establish a link databaseEXEC sp_addlinkedserver @server = 'MySQLTest', @srvproduct = 'MySQL', @provider = 'MSDASQL', @datasrc = 'myDSN'The GOEXEC sp_addlinkedsrvlogin @rmtsrvname = 'MySqlTest', @useself = 'false', @locallogin = 'sa', @rmtuser = 'mysql user name', @rmtpassword = 'mysql password'3. Query dataSELECT * FROM OPENQUERY (MySQLTest, 'SELECT * FROM table')+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Exec sp_addlinkedserver 'name', 'sqloledb', 'IP'Exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'name is arbitrary', 'false', null, 'username', password '+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +-- SQL 2000 manually adds the link server.SQL SERVER enterprise manager - > SERVER - > security - > link SERVER - > new - > regular option page - > fills in the link SERVER name or IP, and SERVER type chooses SQL SERVER> security options page - > USES this security context to fill in the login name and password of the login database.-- query examplesSelect * from link server name. Database name. Dbo. Table name-- import sampleSelect * into table from link server name. Database name. Table nameMethod 2Data manipulation between different server databases-- create a link serverExec sp_addlinkedserver 'ITSV', 'SQLOLEDB', 'remote server name or IP address'Exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'itsv ', 'false', null, 'username', 'password'-- query examplesSelect * from its.dbo. table name-- import sampleSelect * into table from itsv. database nameDelete the link server when it is no longer usedExec sp_dropserver 'ITSV', 'droplogins'- to connect to a remote/local area network (LAN) data (openrowset/openquery/opendatasource)- 1, openrowset-- query examplesSelect * from openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)-- raw cost surfaceSelect * into table from openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)- import the surface into the remote tableInsert openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password', database name; dbo. table name)Select * from the surface-- update the surfaceThe update bSet b. Column A = a. column AFrom openrowset (' SQLOLEDB ', 'SQL server name'; 'user name'; 'password',Database name: dbo. Table name) as a inner join the surface bOn a.c olumn1 = biggest olumn1-- openquery USES the need to create a connectionFirst create a connection to create the link serverExec sp_addlinkedserver 'ITSV', 'SQLOLEDB', 'remote server name or IP address'- the querySelect *FROM openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database, dbo. Table name')- import the surface into the remote tableInsert openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database, dbo. Table name')Select * from the surface-- update the surfaceThe update bSet b. column b = a. column bFROM openquery (ITSV, 'SELECT * FROM database.') as aInner join subsurface b on a = b. Column a- 3, opendatasource/openrowsetSELECT *FROM opendatasource (' SQLOLEDB ', 'Data Source = IP/ServerName; User ID = login name; Password = Password').test.dbo. roy_ta- import the surface into the remote tableInsert opendatasource (' SQLOLEDB ', 'Data Source =IP/ServerName; User ID = login; Password = Password'). Database. Dbo. Table nameSelect * from+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Perform database synchronization with mandatory subscriptionsBulk and bulk data can be processed using a database synchronization mechanism:/ /Description:For easy operations, all actions are performed on the publish server (the distribution server) and use the push modeUse mandatory subscriptions on client machines.Contactauthor:*********************The test pass/ /Environment - 1:Server environment:Machine name: ZehuaDbOperating system: Windows 2000 ServerDatabase version: SQL 2000 Server personal editionThe clientMachine name: ZlpOperating system: Windows 2000 ServerDatabase version: SQL 2000 Server personal edition-- 2: build user accountsCreate a domain user account on the server sideMy computer management - > local user and group - > user - > UserName: ZLPUserPwd: ZLP-- 3: restart the server MSSQLServerMy computer - > control face - > management tool - > service - > MSSQLServer service(change to: domain user account, our new ZLP user. \ ZLP, password: ZLP)-- 4: install the distribution serverA: configure the distribution serverTool-> replication - > configuration publish, subscribe to the server, and distribute - > next - > (all the default configuration)B: configure the release serverTools - > replication - > create and manage publish - > selection to publish database (SZ) - > next step - > snapshot release - > next - >Select the content to be published - > next - > next - > next step - > completionC: mandatory subscription server (push mode, pull mode and this same)Tools - > copy - > configuration publish, subscribe to the Server, and distribution - > subscribe to the SQL Server database Server - > new - > input - > client Server name (ZLP)- > using SQL Server authentication (sa, empty password) - > - > applications - > sureD: initialize the subscriptionCopy the monitor - > release server (ZEHUADB) - > double-click to subscribe - > to force the new - > next step - > option to enable subscription server - > ZLP - >Next step - > next step - > next step - > next step - > completion-- 5: test the configuration to be successfulReplication monitor - > release server (ZEHUADB) - >double-click SZ: SZ - > point status - > point to run the agent immediatelyTo view:Copy monitor - > release server (ZEHUADB) - > SZ: SZ - > select ZLP: SZ (type compulsion) - > mouse right - > startup synchronization processingIf there is no error mark (red fork), congratulations on your success-- 6: test data- execution on the server:Select a table and execute the following SQLInsert into WQ_NEWSGROUP_S select 'test success', 5Copy the monitor - > release server (ZEHUADB) - > SZ: sz-> snap-> startup agent-> ZLP: SZ (mandatory) - > starts synchronization processingTo see if the synchronized WQ_NEWSGROUP_S has inserted a new recordTest finished, pass.- 7 modify the synchronization time of the database, and generally select night to perform database synchronization(specific operation) : D/ *Note:The server side cannot publish and distribute the data with (local). The registration will need to be deleted first, then the local computer name will be newly registeredUninstall: tool-> replication - > is forbidden to publish - > is released on "ZehuaDb" and unloads all database synchronization configuration serversNote: the SQLServerAgent service must be started in the releaseserver and the distribution serverUse push mode: "D: \ Microsoft SQL Server \ MSSQL \ REPLDATA \ unc" directory files can be Shared without settingPull mode: need to share ~!* /A small number of database synchronization can be implemented by trigger, synchronously single table can be:= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =The problems that may arise in the configuration process are summarized as follows: (thanks to the author: help from yu feng)= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =Before you set up and use the database replication in SQL Server 2000, check if several of the relevant SQL Server servers are satisfied:1. Whether the service of MSSQLserver and Sqlserveragent is started and runs in the domain user identity (.\ administrator user is also ok)If you log in to local system account local, you will not have the network capability, and you will have the following error:The process failed to connect to Distributor '@server name'(if your Server has already used the SQL Server full-text search service,Please do not modify the local startup of the MSSQLserver and Sqlserveragent service.The full-text search service cannot be used. Please change another machine for the distribution Server in SQL Server 2000 replication. )To modify the login user that the service starts, the MSSQLserver and Sqlserveragent services need to be restarted to take effect.2. Check if several SQL Server servers have been modified (srvname and datasource are required on local machines that require srvid = 0).Execution in the query analyzer:Use the masterThe select srvid srvname, datasource from sysserversIf there is no srvid = 0 or srvid = 0 (the machine) but srvname is not the same as datasource, it needs to be modified as follows:USE the masterThe GO-- set two variablesDECLARE @ serverproperty_servername varchar (100),@ servername varchar (100).- get the Windows NT Server and instance information associated with the specified SQL Server instanceSELECT @serverproperty_servername = CONVERT (varchar (100), SERVERPROPERTY (' ServerName '))-- returns the name of the local Server running Microsoft SQL ServerSELECT @servername = CONVERT (varchar (100), @@servername)- displays the two parameters obtainedSelect @ serverproperty_servername, @ servernameIf @serverproperty_servername is different from @servername (because you changed your computer name), run the following- delete the wrong server nameThe EXEC sp_dropserver @ server = @ servername- add the correct server nameThe EXEC sp_addserver @ = @ serverproperty_servername server, @ local = 'local'To modify this parameter, the MSSQLserver and Sqlserveragent services need to be restarted to take effect.This will not result in an 18482, 18483 error in the process of creating replication.3. Check that several SQL Server registration names related to the SQL Server enterprise manager are the same as the srvname introduced in the second aboveThe IP address cannot be registered.(we can delete the registration of the IP address and create a new Server name registered with the SQL Server administrator level)In this way, there will be no errors of 14010, 20084, 18456, 18482, 18483 in the process of creating replication.4. Check whether several of the relevant SQL Server Server networks can be accessed normallyIf the ping host IP address is ok, you need to be there when the ping hostname doesn't workWinnt \ system32 \ drivers \ etc \ hosts (WIN2000)Windows \ system32 \ drivers \ etc \ hosts (WIN2003)The file writes the corresponding relationship between the database server IP address and hostname.Such as:127.0.0.1 localhost192.168.0.35 oracledb oracledb192.168.0.65 fengyu02 fengyu02202.84.10.193 bj_db bj_dbOr create an alias in the SQL Server client network utility, for example:5. Whether the extended stored procedure required by the system exists (if it does not exist, needs to be restored) :Sp_addextendedproc 'xp_regenumvalues' @ dllname =' xpstar. DLL 'The goSp_addextendedproc 'xp_regdeletevalue' @ dllname = 'xpstar. DLL'The goSp_addextendedproc 'xp_regdeletekey' @ dllname = 'xpstar. DLL' The goSp_addextendedproc effectively, @ dllname = 'xplog70. DLL'。
连接数据库查询语句
连接数据库并进行查询通常需要使用特定的数据库查询语句,这取决于你所使用的数据库管理系统。
以下是一些常见的数据库查询语句示例:
1. 对于MySQL数据库:
连接到数据库,`mysql -u 用户名 -p 密码 -h 主机名数据库名`。
查询数据,`SELECT FROM 表名 WHERE 条件`。
2. 对于Oracle数据库:
连接到数据库,`sqlplus 用户名/密码@主机名:端口/服务名`。
查询数据,`SELECT FROM 表名 WHERE 条件`。
3. 对于SQL Server数据库:
连接到数据库,`sqlcmd -S 服务器名 -U 用户名 -P 密码
-d 数据库名`。
查询数据,`SELECT FROM 表名 WHERE 条件`。
4. 对于PostgreSQL数据库:
连接到数据库,`psql -h 主机名 -U 用户名 -d 数据库名`。
查询数据,`SELECT FROM 表名 WHERE 条件`。
无论使用哪种数据库管理系统,查询语句的核心部分都是
`SELECT FROM 表名 WHERE 条件`,其中`SELECT`用于选择要检索
的列,`FROM`用于指定要检索数据的表,`WHERE`用于过滤检索的数据。
在使用数据库查询语句时,需要确保对数据库有足够的权限,
并且要谨慎处理敏感信息,以免造成数据泄露或损坏。
同时,还应
该考虑到查询的性能,避免对数据库造成过大的负担。
总之,连接数据库并进行查询是数据库管理和开发中非常常见
的操作,需要根据具体的情况选择合适的数据库查询语句,并且要注意安全和性能方面的考虑。
sqlserver数据库连接状态查询语句在SQL Server中,可以使用以下查询语句来查看数据库连接状态:SELECTDB_NAME(dbid) AS '数据库名称',COUNT(dbid) AS '连接数量'FROMsys.sysprocessesWHEREdbid > 0GROUP BYdbid;这个查询语句使用sys.sysprocesses系统视图来获取当前数据库连接的信息。
它会返回每个数据库的名称和连接数量。
请注意,这个查询只会返回活动连接的信息,已断开的连接不会包含在结果中。
另外,如果只想查询某个特定数据库的连接状态,可以在WHERE子句中添加条件,例如:SELECTCOUNT(dbid) AS '连接数量'FROMsys.sysprocessesWHEREdbid = DB_ID('YourDatabaseName');将YourDatabaseName替换为想要查询连接状态的数据库的名称。
请注意,sys.sysprocesses视图在较新版本的SQL Server中已被标记为过时,推荐使用sys.dm_exec_sessions和sys.dm_exec_connections动态管理视图来获取连接状态信息。
以下是使用这两个视图的示例查询:SELECTDB_NAME(database_id) AS '数据库名称',COUNT(session_id) AS '连接数量'FROMsys.dm_exec_sessionsWHEREdatabase_id > 0GROUP BYdatabase_id;或者,针对特定数据库的查询:SELECTCOUNT(session_id) AS '连接数量'FROMsys.dm_exec_sessionsWHEREdatabase_id = DB_ID('YourDatabaseName');同样,将YourDatabaseName替换为要查询连接状态的数据库的名称。
一、介绍Python连接数据库的重要性在如今的大数据时代,数据库已经成为了各行各业重要的数据存储和管理工具。
Python作为一种流行的编程语言,其连接数据库并进行数据查询的能力显得尤为重要。
Python连接数据库的流程通常可以分为四个步骤:首先是建立与数据库的连接,然后执行SQL语句,接着获取查询结果,最后关闭数据库连接。
本文将着重介绍Python连接数据库后,对数据库进行多条数据查询的方法。
二、Python连接数据库的基本步骤1. 导入必要的库在Python中,连接数据库需要使用到对应的数据库库,常见的有MySQL,PostgreSQL,SQLite等。
要连接MySQL数据库,可以使用MySQL冠方提供的Python库`pymysql`,首先要导入该库。
```pythonimport pymysql```2. 建立数据库连接在导入相关库之后,就需要建立与数据库的连接。
连接数据库通常需要指定主机名、用户名、密码、数据库名等信息。
对于MySQL数据库,可以使用如下代码建立连接:```pythondb = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', password='xxx', database='testdb', charset='utf8mb4')```3. 创建游标对象连接成功之后,接下来需要创建游标对象,通过游标对象执行SQL语句并获取查询结果。
```pythoncursor = db.cursor()```4. 执行SQL语句创建游标对象后,就可以执行SQL语句,比如查询数据。
```pythonsql = "SELECT * FROM table_name"cursor.execute(sql)```5. 获取查询结果执行SQL语句后,就可以通过游标对象获取查询结果。
查询当前数据库连接数,进程数,启动数据库查询数据库当前进程的连接数:select count(*) from v$process;查看数据库当前会话的连接数:elect count(*) from v$session;查看数据库的并发连接数:select count(*) from v$session where status='ACTIVE';查看当前数据库建立的会话情况:select sid,serial#,username,program,machine,status from v$session;查询数据库允许的最大连接数:select value from v$parameter where name = 'processes';或者:show parameter processes;查询所有数据库的连接数selectschemaname,count(*)fromv$sessiongroupbyschemaname;查询终端用户使用数据库的连接情况。
selectosuser,schemaname,count(*)fromv$sessiongroupbyschemaname,osuser;#查看当前不为空的连接select * from v$session where username is not null#查看不同用户的连接数selectusername,count(username) from v$session where username is not null group by username#连接数select count(*) from v$session#并发连接数Select count(*) from v$session where status='ACTIVE'#最大连接show parameter processes#修改连接alter system set processes = value scope = spfile修改数据库允许的最大连接数:alter system set processes = 300 scope = spfile;(需要重启数据库才能实现连接数的修改)重启数据库:shutdown immediate;startup;查看当前有哪些用户正在使用数据:selectosuser,ername,cpu_time/executions/1000000||'s',sql_fulltext,machine fromv$sessiona,v$sqlarea bwherea.sql_address = b.addressorder by cpu_time/executions desc;备注:UNIX 1个用户session对应一个操作系统process,而Windows体现在线程。