unit 12 the earth

牛津上海版（试用本）九年级下册Unit 1 Saving theEarth 单元讲义（含解析）Unit 1 Saving the Earth 单元讲义2023-2024学年牛津上海版（试用本）九年级英语下册词性转换1.act（v）行动扮演-active（a.）积极的-activity（n.）活动actor（n.）男演员-actress（n.）女演员2.live（v.）居住，生存-life（n.）生活（复lives）lifeless (a.)-alive （a.）活着的3.review（v）复习-revision（n.）复习4.save（v.）救/存-safe（a..n）-safely（ad.）-safety（n.）5.pollute（v.）- -pollution（n.）6.chemistry化学（n）-chemical化学的（adj.）/化学物质(n.)7.hot（a.）热的-heat（n.v.）热/加热8.vary (v.) 改变–various (a.) 不同的，各种各样的–variety (n.) 种类，变化9.write (v.) 写–writer (n.) 作家–writing (n.)文章10.warm (a.)温暖的–warmth (n.)温暖11.destroy (v.)破坏—destruction (n.)摧毁12.protect (v.)保护–protective (a.)保护的固定搭配1.be in danger处于危险之中2. be essential for 对…必要3.the greenhouse effect温室效应4.keep…from doing把…阻止/使…不做某事5.in the form of…以…的形式6.make ….worse 使…更差7.burn…up 烧光8.as well as 也9.throw away 扔掉10.cause sb/sth to do 导致某人做某事11. so that 为了12.prevent…from doing 阻止某人做某事13.the whole country 整个国家14. ask sb. To do 要求某人做某事15.for example 例如16. such as例如17.above the ground 在地面上方18.deal with 处理19.environment friendly goods 环保的物品20.live a better life 过着更好的生活翻译1. 情况非常严重以至于我们必须要做点什么来拯救地球。

Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth教材分析本单元带领学生了解了一些有关地球污染，动物濒危等问题。

并且教给大家如何保护濒危动物，如何通过回收利用等方式来保护地球。

本单元主要复习语法内容为情态动词和动词形式变化。

本课主要带领大家进行语法复习，巩固语法知识。

一、三维目标(一) 知识与技能1. To learn different forms of verb.2. To understand the use of Modal Verbs.(二) 过程和方法3. To know how to use different forms of verb in different situations.4. To know how to use Modal Verbs in different situations.(三) 情感态度和价值观5. After learning this part, every student will be able to describe theirawareness of the serious situation of pullution and solutions to environmental problems using what we have learned in this lesson.教学重点1. To change forms of verb according to specific situation.2. To use Modal Verbs properly.教学难点1. To change forms of verb according to specific situation.2. To use Modal Verbs properly.二、教学策略根据本课教学目标和重点内容，教师可采用读，小组讨论，口头及书面练习等活动来引导学生进行学习。

Unit 13《We are trying to save the earth!》说课稿一、说教材（教材分析）：1.本课在教材中的地位：本单元教学内容是九年级英语下册第13单元，主要围绕着有关保护环境这一话题，以“谈论污染和保护环境”为交际功能，让学生认识环境问题及谈论如何保护环境。

重点在这些语境中复习正在进行时、现在完成时和被动语态等。

本单元选取了与教材、生活实际都密切相关的问题进行探究，从而让学生分辨是非，增强他们的环保意识，让学生受到良好的思想教育。

本课是听说课，是本单元第一课时，起承上启下的作用，主要内容是Section A 1a-1c 。

以“污染”为话题展开思维（1a）、听力（1b）、口语(1c)训练。

2. 说教学目标和要求Teaching aims and demands (…be intended for Ss in key schools)1）认知目标knowledge objects1. 语言知识目标基本词汇：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman,等。

基本句型：We’re trying to save the earth!The river used to be so clean.The air is badly polluted.2）智能目标ability objectsa. Ask the Ss to make up a similar dialogue.b. Help them to understand the dialogue better and improve the fourskills.c. Develop their ability of thinking independently.d. Cultivate their ability to discover, analyze and solve problems.e. Train them to collect information from the Internet.f. Train them with some effective learning methods to optimize Ss’ learning results.3）德育目标moral objectsa. Enable the students to love our earth and the nature.b. Encourage the Ss to do something to save the earth.5. 说教学重点teaching important points (生词、句型；培养阅读技能)a. New words and phrasesb. Talking about problems of the Earth.6. 说教学难点teaching difficult points (语法；发展交际能力) Talking about problems of the Earth.7. 说教具teaching aids :multi-media computer, recorder, pictures)二、说教法Teaching methodsFive step method; audio-video; communicative approach; Task-based learning:New Syllabus Design encourages teachers to use teaching method. TBLT can stimulate Ss’ initiative in learning and develop their ability in language application. Make the Ss the real masters in class while theteacher himself acts as the director and bring their ability into full play.三、说学法Study methods1. Teach Ss how to be successful language learners.2. Teach Ss how to develop the reading skill —skim & scan; how to communicate with others; how to learn new words; how to learn independently;3. Teach the Ss to form good learning habits.四、说教学过程Teaching proceduresI. 复习(Revision) 5min (Daily report)I. Have a competition(boys vs girls)1）.Revision and check their preview:2）检查学研稿中【快乐预习】部分Review the new words: (spell) litter ,bottom ,fisherman翻译下列词组。

Unit 1 The Earth at RiskPart I Getting readyenvironment:环境natural :自然globe：地球protecting：保护attempt：尝试，打算，企图Amazon /'氏n/：亚马逊cut down :砍伐burning :烧荒tree removal：砍树The World Wildlife Fund :世界野生动物基金会rain forest:雨林towels：毛巾nylon：尼伦，化纤defrost:去霜boil away：煮干cut out:关掉full load :满载fridge：冰箱lighting：灯（光）iron：熨斗；熨（衣服）Rough-dry :晾干（不熨）kettle：烧水壶thermostat:恒温（设置）器brim :壶口；注满wall fire :壁炉ring：（烧烤）环grill:烧烤架satellite：卫星The environment is the natural world of land, sea, air, plants, and animals that exists around towns and cities ・ Since there is only one globe where we're living, more and more people have come to realize the importance of protecting the total global environment.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit ・Listen carefully and study the definitions ・1. vicious circle a set of events in which cause and effect'follow each other in a circular pattern2. monsoon season the seas on of heavy rains that fall in In dia and neighboring countries3. hygiene the study and practice of how to keep good health, esp. by pay ing atte nti on to clea nli ness4. accelerate (cause to) move or go faster5. fossil fuel any n aturally occurri ng carb on or hydrocarb on fuel, such as coal, petroleum, peat, and n atural gas, formed by the decomposition of prehistoric organisms6. latitude：a measure of relative position north or south on the Earth's surface, measured in degrees from the equator, which has a latitude of 0 , withthe poles having a latitude of 90 north and ° south.7. contamination：the act of polluting or the state of being polluted8. hierarchy：a system in which people or things are arranged accord ing to their importa nee9. priority : something given special or prior attention10. watershed: a ridge of high ground forming a divide between two differe nt dra in age bas ins or river systems or the regi on en closed by such a divide and draining into a river, river system, or other body ofwater.B You are going to hear a short speech. Liste n carefully and write dow n the en vir onmen tal issues men ti oned in the speech.burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forestsAudioscript:The Amaz on forests are disappear ing because of in creased bur ning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20 000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempt ing to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says ano ther serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the n eed for urge nt in ter nati onal acti on to protect the world's rai n forests. The group warns that without such acti on some forests could be lost forever.Nowadays energy is too expensive to waste ・ It costs the country, and you, too much ・ What have you done to conserve existing energy resources? Here are some tips to help you slim yourwaste —save energ y. Always remember that energy sense is common sense.C Now listen to some simple tips to help you save energy.Complete the dos and don'tsAudioscript:• Don't attempt to iron everythi ng. Roug-dry your towels and nylon things. Trust the thermostat on your iron—don't turn it up too high.•Don't leave the kettle to boil away. And don't fill it to the brim for only a cup of tea!•Cut out unnecessary lighting. Every little helps.•Save it on hating. Do without a wall-fire if you can.•Defrost the fridge regularly. Ice buildup wastes fuel. Don't put hot food in either —if you do, the fridge has to work overtime.•It makes energy sense to wait until you've a full load before using your washi ng machi ne.•Cook a complete meal in the oven and save it on the rings and grill. Roast chicke n, veg, and baked sweet to follow?It all adds up. The more en ergy you save, the more money you save. That's good housekeep ing!When we listen to the weather forecasts, we often come across some terms related with the weather. For example, what is a cyclone? What is a hurricane? Are they the same? Here is the explanation ・D Listen to the explanation about different weather terms ・Complete the information in the chart ・Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autu mn over waters n ear the equator. They are known by several differe nt n ames. Scie ntists call these storms cycl ones whe n they happe n just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurrica nes.Part II The Earth at Risk (I) chopped down 砍倒nutrients :养分，养料instantly:立即，马上recycled: 回收利用clear-cut：砍光soil：土壤dries up：（晒）干washes the soil away 把土壤冲走document aries：纪录片expand :扩展continent:大陆at risk:有危险stabilize：（使）稳定impact：冲击，撞击；影响at an alarming rate:以惊人的速度blow away:吹掉the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠（非洲北部）unproductive：不毛的；没有产物的cut down :砍伐consequently 所以，因此匕available：可获得的Mali :马里grasslands 草原intensive 集约的；加强的agriculture :农业intensive agriculture 集约农业region :地区tropical :热带ranches：大牧场cattle：牛，牲口；畜生be raised 饲养export :出口tinned meat :罐头肉Brazil :巴西the size of Britain and France combined 大小是英法两国合起来jungle :丛林an iron ore mine：铁矿hardwood :硬木luxury furniture : 豪华家具domestic animals 家畜firewood :柴火;劈柴vicious circle 恶性循环make way for : 让路convert:（使）转变plant species植物物种rare plant :珍稀植物rainfall :降雨extinct：灭绝的；绝种的carbon dioxide 二氧化碳oxygen：氧century :世纪interview :采访Do you know what happens to a rain forest when the trees are chopped down? About 80% of the rain forests nutrients come from trees and plants ・ That leaves 20% of the nutrients in the soil ・ The nutrients from the leaves that fall are instantly recycled back into the plants and trees ・ When a rain forest is clear-cut, conditions change very quickl y. The soil dries up in the sun ・ When it rains, it washes the soil away.A Listen to the first part of an interview ・ Note down the key words in the notes column ・ Then answer the questions ・Questi ons:1. What is the vicious circle mentioned by Brian Cowles?More people>・ more firewood> fewer trees{ More domestic animals—> more plants—> fewer available plants}—>more desert—> move south—>desert expanding south- > no grass2. Why is the rain so important to soil?Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows awa y. But if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow ・3. What are some of the reas ons that tropical forests are being cut dow n?People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for mines ・Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: Bria n Cowles is the producer of a new series of documen t aries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen onChannel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe ntcon ti nent, does n't it, Brian?B:That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and Southeast Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B:Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the en vironment. Gen erally speaki ng, this has caused theSahara Desert to expand. It's a bit of a vicious circle we find.People cut dow n trees for firewood and their domestic ani malseat all the available pla nts— and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expa nds further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa:here the grassla nds are support ing too many ani mals and theresult is, of course, there's no gras—nothing for the ani mals toeat.I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B:That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requiresa ple ntiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mea n if thereisn't eno ugh rai n the crops don't grow. And growing cropsstabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intenselyfarmed —most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B:l n South America (as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut dow n at an alarmi ng rate. This is done sothat people can support themselves by grow ing food or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poorthat only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers likeagricultural la nd in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of j un gle the size ofBrita in and France comb ined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n forexport as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA to make thi ngs like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced- the forest soil is thi n and un productive and in just a few years, a jun gle hasbecome a waste land. Tropical forests con ta in rare pla nts (which we can use for medic in es, for example) and an imal—one animal or pla nt species becomes ext inct every half hour. Theseforest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carb on dioxide into oxyge n. The con seque nee ofdestroying forests is not only that the climate of that region cha nges (because there is less rain fall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury (20th cen tury).B Now try this: liste n to a more authe ntic vers ion of the first part of the in terview. Complete the outli ne.Outline (1)I. En vir onmen tal problems in differe nt continentsA. Africa1. Sahara Desert expa nsion2. no grass for animals to eat (East Africa)B. North America & most of Europe1. situati on —in te nsive farmi ng/agriculture2. pote ntial problem —top soil blowing awayC. South America, Cen tral Africa & Souther n Asia1. problem —tropical forests destruction2. consequencesa. soil —> thi n —> un productive —>wastela ndb. animal/plant species becoming extinctc. climate change for the whole world Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: Bria n Cowles is the producer of a new series of documen t aries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen onChannel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe nt con ti nent, does n't it, Brian?B:That's right, yes, we went to ... er ... we went to America, both North and South and the n we went over to Africa and Southeast Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B:Well ... er ... start ing with ... er ... Africa, our film shows the impact of the populati on on the en vironment. Gen erally speak ing, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expa nd. It's a bit of a vicious circle ... er ... we find, people cut dow n trees forfirewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants —and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the SaharaDesert expa nds further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And ... er ... i n East Africa: here the grassla nds are support ing too many ani mals and the result is, of course,there's no gras—nothing for the ani mals to eat.I: Mm, yes, I see. Um ... and the ... the next film deals with North America?B:That's right. I n the ... er ... USA, as you know, inten sive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow. And growing cropsstabilize soil, without them the top soil just... it just blows away. I mean, this is also true for any regi on that is in te nsely farmed—most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B:I n South America (a ... as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut dow n at an alarmi ng rate. Th ... this is done so that people can support themselves by grow ing food or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised to exp ... to beexported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the s ... the soil is so poor that ... um ... that only a couple ofharvests are possible before this very thin soil becomesexhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe.Um ... for example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of j un gle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore min e. I mean, huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n for export as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA ... I mean ... tomake things like luxury furn iture. These forests can't ... er ... they can't be replace—the forest soil is thin and un productive and in just a few years, a ... a jun gle has become a waste land. Tropical forests con tai n rare pla nts (which ... er ... we can use for medic in es, for example) and an imal—one animal or plant speciesbecomes extinct every half hour.These ... er ... forest trees ... I mean ... also have worldwideeffects. You know, they convert carb on dioxide into oxyge n.The con seque nee of destro ying forests is not only that theclimate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rai n forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury (20th cen tury).Part III The Earth at Risk (II)agency局，机关Conservation of Nature 自然保护the United Nations Earth Summit:联合国地球峰会I i1i I—> Rio de Janeiro/［美］'r^d^ & 'neP u,［英］'r^ ded^ 9 'n\d r d u/：里约热内卢(巴西港市，州名)in tackling :着手处理issues问题man-made : 人造，人为flooding :洪水natural disasters 自然灾害by and large：总的来说，大体而言obviously 明显hurricanes :飓风earthquakes：地震Bangladesh孟加拉共和国Nepal :尼泊尔India :印度Himalayas :喜马拉雅山monsoon season 季风季节the river Ganges /'g 民nd3 iz/ :恒河Sudan:苏丹the Nile:尼罗河Ethiopia /iQ i'^upiB/:埃塞俄比亚terribly :很;非常极非常糟糕地depressing使沮丧;使萧条;使跌价national governments 中央政府forward-looking :有远见的，向前看的policies政策;策略as far ahead as 远至the next election 下届大选on an international basis 在国际上；以国际为基础presumably:据推测；大概;可能;想来As early as in 1984, the United Nations created a special environmental agency, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ・ In 1992, the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro aroused great media interest in tackling difficult global environmental issues ・A Listen to the second part of the interview ・ Note down the key words in the notes column ・ Then answer the questions ・Questi ons:1. Why is some flood ing man-made?Trees would hold rainfall in their roots ・ When forests in the higher up-river have been destroyed by men, all the rain that fallsin the monsoon season flows straight into the river and starts the flooding.2. What does Brian imply when he says the national governments have to be forward-look ing?He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the near future, or just think as far ahead as the next election.Audioscript:I —In terviewer B —Bria n CowlesI: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally think of as n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B:Y es, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take floodi ng, for example. Practically everyyear, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gettingworse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia, I mea n, higher u—river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the sam—the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. What is to be done? I mean,can anything be done, in fact?B:Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just thi nk as far ahead as the next electi on.Somehow, all the coun tries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populati on has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make ourfurn iture—it's a luxury people in the West must do without.Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces of their acti ons.B:Y es, of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the second part of the interview ・ Complete the outline ・Outli ne (II)II. Reas ons for some "n atural" disasters— mai nly man-madeA. flooding in BangladeshB. flood ing in Suda nIII. Action to be takenA. n atio nal gover nments —forward-look ingB. population controlC. stopp ing using hardwood for furniture-maki ngD. educat ing people to realize the con seque ncesAudioscript:I ——In terviewer B ——Bria n CowlesI: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as ...er ... as er ... n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B:Y es, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take floodi ng, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gett ing worse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia ... I mean ... higher u—river in theHimalayas. Trees ... er ... would hold rain fall in their roots, but ifthey've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the wholecountry. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same—theforests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can any thi ng be done, in fact?B:Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to be forward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, no t just think as far ahead as the n extelection. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populati on has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furn iture—it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces ... um ... of their acti ons.B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Part IV More about the topic:The Effect of Global WarmingIt matters :重要average：平均temperatures :温度Britain's Climate Prediction Center：英国气候预测中心trapped :受限gases气体atmosphere 大气industrial processes 工业过程the earth's surface 地表fossil fuels化石燃料the sea level 海平面ice caps 冰顶melt :融化latitudes :纬度lower/higher latitude：高/低纬度equator :赤道drought :干旱Hygiene :卫生，卫生学；保健法insects 昆虫bacteria :细菌expect期待includes：包括distribution :分配，分布infective agents 传染媒heat-related food poisoning与热有关的食物中毒contamination :污染;弄脏;毒害;玷污diarrhea :腹泻sensitively敏感地；易受伤害地；易生气地;慎重地worldwide：世界范围；全世界economies 经济politicians：政客；政治家put stress on 强调warming :变暖potential：潜在的，有可能的global warming :全球变暖accelerate 力口速poles：（地）极take action :采取行动decline：下降environmental refugee 环境难民The world is getting warmer. It matters because it changes a lot of things to do with our everyday life ・ We can also say because the Earth is warming up we could simply not have enough to eat. Do you know what some of the effects of global warming are? Listen to the material. Complete the outline.Outli neI. Wanning up of the worldA. average temperatureB. yearly in creaseII. Causes of global warm ingIII. Effects of global warmingA. great cha nges in rain fallB. rise in the sea levelC. reduced pote ntial for food producti onD. health and social problems1. en viro nmen tal refugees2. cha nge of patter ns of distributio n of in sectsand in fective age nts3. change of patterns of heat-related foodpoisoning, etc.IV. Time to take acti onAudioscript:The world is warm ing up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest si nee scie ntists started measuri ng them 600 years ago. The in crease is about 0.2C every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight cha nges in temperature can have a big effect on other thi ngs. Most scie ntists now believe this global warmi ng is due to huma n activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He expla ins how global warm ing can happe n."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carb on dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has bee n happe ning eversi nce the earth was formed. But the fear is that in creas ing amounts of carb on dioxide produced by in dustrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the global warm ing that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these bur n, they produce the gas carb on dioxide. Many scie ntists agree that an in crease in the amount of carb on dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will in crease the amount of warm ing. Computers are being used to predict what this may mea n. They showed that there could be great cha nges in rain fall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes n earer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced pote ntial producti on in lower latitude regi ons, and most gen erally speak in g, in creased pote ntial in higher latitude regi ons. Lower latitude regi ons are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An in crease in temperature or reducti on in moisture would place limits oncrop growth."Woman: Global warmi ng could reduce food producti on in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warm ing could put more stress on pla nts and place limits oncrop growth.Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony McMichael of the London School of Hygie ne and Tropical Medic ine believes that some rural areas are already sufferi ng. And the in sects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a nu mber of rural populatio ns around the world are sufferi ng from the decli ne of agricultural systems. Climatic cha nge would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food producti on systems, but the patter ns of distributi on of the in sects and in fective age nts aro und the world. It in cludes likely effects on patter ns of heat-related food pois oning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would resp ond very sen sitively to cha nges in climate."Woman: Global warmi ng could affect the distributi on of in sects.Global warmi ng could cha nge patter ns of heat-related food poisoning.Many coun tries now agree that someth ing must be done to reduce the dan ger of global warm ing. But a worldwide agreeme nt on loweri ng the producti on of carb on dioxide has bee n difficult to reach. This is because many econo mies depe nd on fossil fuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who n eed to take acti on.Part V Do you know …？composed o：组成broad-leaved trees 阔叶树tropical regions：热带awareness 知道diminish：丫肖失Indonesia：印尼humid :潮湿的variation :变化，变动see・・・as看作hierarchy：分层，层次；等级制度;统治集团as far as：只要;远到…;据…;直到…为止campaigning organization 活动的组织（者）in different ways :不同方式in different types：不同型号make changes 变更a critical period :养分阶段in terms of:依据；按照；在…方面；以…措词depend on 依靠flexibility:柔韧性，机动性，灵活性；伸缩性;可塑度;柔度and so on 等等write off：流利地写下；损失掉;毁掉；结束掉priority :优先，优先权；（时间，序上的）先，前at international level：国际水平livelihood：生活，生计；谋生之道；营生prime:最好的;首要的;最初的;基本的watersheds流域;分水岭（watershed的名词复数）;分水线;转折点八、、the biological richness 生物多样性a genetic treasure chest 遗传的宝藏climatic patterns：气候型tribal people：部落，部族，土著民Rain forests are generally composed of tall, broad-leaved trees and usually found in wet tropical regions around the equator. Despite increased awareness of the rainforests' importance during the late 20th century, they continue to diminish ・ Rainforests grow mainly in South and Central America, West and Central Africa, Indonesia, parts of Southeast Asia, and tropical Australia, where the climate is relatively humid with nomarked seasonal variation ・Listen to the interview ・ Complete the outline ・Outli neI. The most important environmental issuesA. difficult to make a hierarchy of worryB. rai n forests concen trated on most by thecampaig ning orga ni zati onII. Importance of rain forestsA coun tries depe nding on theme.g. people depe nding on them for their livelihood andthe quality of their en vir onmentB. the biological richness of the rain forestse.g. more tha n 60% of the world's species found in therain forestsC. impact on climatic patternsAudioscript:A: About big intern atio nal issues: what do you see as the most importa nt en vir onmen tal issues of the mome nt?B:It's quite difficult to make a kind of hierarchy of worry here, because so many issues are there, and so ... and they're all veryvery importa nt. But I thi nk it has to be said that as far as wewe're concern ed, as a campaig ning orga ni zatio n, it really is the ra in forest that we are concen trat ing on most. If we don't take acti on on that issue with in the n ext five years, the nen vir onmen tal pressure groups won't have any thi ng to do inten years' time, because there won't be any rai n forests, really, for them to campaign about. So this is a critical period for the rainforests, the n ext five years, and there is eno ugh flexibility in the system to allow us to hope that we're going to be able to makesome changes during that time. So that's why we've made it ourpriority.A:What's so important about the rain forests, then? Er, what's, what's the differe nee betwee n hav ing them or not hav ing them? Isn't it just, you know, basically either there are a lot of trees there orthere aren't a lot of trees there?B:Uhh ... well that's what some people would like to thi nk. Um, there, it's importa nt in many differe nt ways, importa nt firstly for thecountries themselves, in terms of the fact that millions of peopledepe nd on the rain forests for their livelihood, and for their ... the quality of their en viro nment, through the protecti on ofwatersheds, and so on. Secon dly, they're importa nt becauseof the biological richness of the rain forests. Um, a genetic。

Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!教师寄语 Saving the earth is saving ourselves.学习目标：1.知识目标：掌握本部分的单词、短语、句型和语法2.能力目标：能熟练自如地描述相关话题。

3.情感目标：通过小组活动和合作，在多种英语学习情景中用英语交流。

重难点：本单元相关语法点的掌握及运用。

学习过程：一．Greetings二．Go over the wordsⅠ.Key words(1)1.litter (同义词）________ ________2.bottom (反义词）________3.fisherman (复数）________4.ugly (反义词）________5.advantage (反义词）________6.cost (过去式）_____ (过去分词）____7.wooden (名词）________8.scientific (科学）______ (科学家）_____9.creativity (形容词）_____ (动词）_____10.harmful (名词）________Ⅱ.Key words(2)1.煤 ________ 11.塑料的 ________2.方法________ 12.鲨鱼 ________3.残忍的________ 13.生态系统 ________4.工业，行业______14.可重复使用的 ________5.买得起________ 15.交通，运输 ________6.总统，负责人________16.法律________7.作品________ 17.餐巾纸 ________8.瓶子_____ 18.灵感，榜样 ________9.大门_____ 19.金属 ________10.回收使用________ 20.鱼鳍 ________三.Do some exercise about wordsWe should put up notice to stop from (乱扔）。

沪教牛津版七年级上册《Unit 3 The Earth》2019年单元测试卷（4）I．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．1. This ________ the air．（）A.make…dirtyB.make…cleanC.make…beautiful2. The water in the river is very dirty and it ________ lots of fish in it．（）A.makes…healthyB.makes…cleanC.makes (i)3. 根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项，We should ________ the Earth from now on， or we' ll be in danger．（）A.Keep…dirtyB.Keep…safeC.keep…fresh4. Our school ________ us lots of chances to show ourselves．（）A.provides…withB.helps…withC.throws…away5. Don't play computer games． It is a waste of （浪费） time and ________．（）A.moneyB.powerC.heart6. 根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项．We sometimes ________wood to get fire in winter．（）A.set…on fireB.make…very strongC.cut…into pieces7. When you do the listening practice, please ______ the important information.A.knowB.catchC.look8. —You look sad, Jack.—Our team gets a new job, but ______ is difficult for us to finish it in a day.A.thisB.thatC.it9. Don't ______ your fingers ______ your mouth. It's bad for your health.A.throw; intoB.put; intoC.put; up 10. Taiwan is a ______ of China.A.bodyndC.part11. Our teacher always asks us ______ to bed late.A.not goingB.goingC.not to go12. —What's on the table?—There are three ______ and four ______ on the table.A.cups of coffees; piece of cakeB.cup of coffee; pieces of cakesC.cups of coffee; pieces of cakes13. Because of the pollution， there are ___________ fish in this river．（）A.more and moreB.cups of coffee； pieces of cakesC.fewer and fewer14. —______ today?—It's windy and cloudy.A.What is the weatherB.What is the weather likeC.How is the weather like15. ﹣﹣﹣The bell rang． Please stop ___________．﹣﹣﹣ OK.to talk …I will A.____________．（）B.to talk…I won'tC.talking…I won'tII．语法填空题．（共1小题，每小题0分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空．January 28th is （1）________ （I） birthday． I want to have （2）________ birthday party at my home that day． I need to buy some bananas， pears and （3）________ （apple） because my （4）________ （friend）like fruit very much． I also need to buy some French fries（薯条）and ice cream because each of us （5）________ （like） French fries and ice cream． For lunch， we have chicken （6）________ hamburgers． After lunch， I want to let them see my sports collection （收藏）． I have six basketballs， three ping﹣pong bats， five baseballs （7）________ one soccer ball． My friend Jerry （8）________ （play） tennis very （9）________ （good）． We play it together． I think we can enjoy （10）________ （play） it on my birthday．III. 阅读下面短文，从短文后每小题的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项．Once a lion saw a fine young horse and wanted to eat it． But the horse was very （1）_______ and he couldnot catch her． Then the lion had an （2）_______． He told the （3）_______ that he was a good （4）_______ and could do something for them． The horse was （5）_______． She understood （6）_______ the lion wanted to do．So one day when the lion was near the horse, she told him that there was （7）_______ wrong with one of her feet and asked him to look it （8）_______． Of course, the lion was very glad to do so． Then the horse raised（抬起） one of her legs from the ground．（9）_______ the lion looked at her foot, she kicked him on the （10）_______． The lion fell to the ground． The horse laughed and ran away．（1）A.youngB.beautifulC.carefulD.cool（2）A.wayB.ideaC.answerD.method（3）A.animalsB.friendsC.birdsD.horse（4）A.nurseB.doctorC.teacherD.boss（5）A.afraidB.sadC.cleverD.foolish（6）A.howB.whatC.whereD.when（7）A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything（8）A.overB.afterC.forD.up（9）A.AfterB.BeforeC.WhenD.How （10）A.legsB.headC.handsD.feetIV．阅读理解The Earth is about 4, 600 million years old． People live on Earth for only 35, 000 years． But we change （改变）the Earth in many ways． Many things we do are good, but some are not good for the Earth．Water pollutionA lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution． Factories pollute the water． As a result, the water in many rivers and lakes is now very dirty．Air pollutionIn big cities, factories, cars and buses are the main causes （原因） of air pollution． Many people in cities now have health problems． For example, Mexico used to be a beautiful sunny capital, buttoday there are many clouds in the sky． And many people get ill because of the polluted air．Soil （土壤） pollutionIn order to have a better harvest（收获）, some farmers use chemicals （化学物质） in their fields． That' sbad for the soil．Hope for the futureThese problems are very serious（严重的） for our future, so all of us should do something to protect the environment． If we can stop pollution, the Earth will become more and more beautiful．（1）How old is the Earth？________A. About 3，500 million years old．B. About 4，600 million years old．C. About 4，800 million years old．D. About 3，700 million years old．．（2）Which of the following make the Earth change a lot？________A. People．B. Plants．C. Animals．D. Clouds．．（3）There are________ kinds of pollution in this passage．A. threeB. twoC. fourD. five．（4）Which of the following is NOT true？________A. The water in many rivers and lakes is now very dirty because of factories．B. Mexico is not a beautiful sunny capital now．C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields．D. Factories， cars and buses can cause air pollution．．（5）The writer wrote this passage to ask us to________．A. thank the EarthB. learn about the EarthC. clean the EarthD. protect the Earth．VIII. 书面表达．（共15分）地球是我们的家园，但是人们乱砍树木，乱扔垃圾，使我们的家园变脏，空气质量变差．我们应该保护地球．请你根据以下提示写一篇题为How to protect the Earth的短文．60词左右．提示：（1）不随地扔垃圾；（2）种植更多的树木；（3）尽量骑自行车或坐公交车．How to protect the EarthThe Earth is our home， and we should protect it．________．参考答案与试题解析沪教牛津版七年级上册《Unit 3 The Earth》2019年单元测试卷（4）I．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．1.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答2.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答3.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答4.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答5.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答6.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】同义词、都义词的辨着【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答7.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】动射辨面【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答8.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】i正共用法【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答9.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】其他因词短丙【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答10.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】名因丙析【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答11.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】动验强定式【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答12.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】可数名来及其筒复数量词不来腺名词【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答13.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】形于侧肉互较级和最高级【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答14.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】特体疑决句【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答15.【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】其他情射交际话子动名词【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答II．语法填空题．（共1小题，每小题0分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空．【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】语射填加【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答III. 阅读下面短文，从短文后每小题的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项．【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】记验立完形【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答IV．阅读理解【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】健表类木读【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答VIII. 书面表达．（共15分）【答案】此题暂无答案【考点】提因滤文【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答。

6A Unit 7 Protect the Earth一、词组1. protect the earth 保护地球2. save water 节约水3. use water to clean things 用水洗东西4. every day 每天5. in many places 在许多地方6. a lot of/much water 许多水7. waste water 浪费水8. reuse the water 再利用水9. most of the energy 大多数能源10. come from 来自11. save energy 节约能源12. so much water如此多的水13. on Earth 在地球上14. use a lot of energy 使用许多能源15. use wood to make tables 使用木头做桌子16. make chairs and tables 制作桌椅17. many other things 许多其他东西18.cut down trees砍伐树木19. too many 太多（后加可数名词复数）20. too much 太多(后加不可数名称)21. be bad for …对……不好22. paper bags 纸袋23. glass bottles 玻璃瓶24. help keep the air clean 帮助保持空气干净25. collect some paper 收集一些纸26. plastic bags/bottles塑料袋/瓶27. reuse these things 再利用这些东西28. Earth Day 地球日29. reuse paper to make a box 再利用纸做一个盒子30. do a project 做课题31.reuse a plastic bottle to make toys利用塑料瓶做玩具32.on 22nd April 在4月22日33. World Environment Day 世界环境日 34. make a poster 做张海报35. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人有关某事36. start drawing 开始画画37. look nice 看上去漂亮38. a rubbish bin 一个垃圾桶39. at the school gate 在学校门口40. What a nice poster! 多么漂亮的一张海报啊!41. shouldn’t litter 不应该扔垃圾42. really cool 真的很酷43. have fun 玩得开心44. let me do sth. 让我来做某事45. on the tree （果实）在树上46. be ready for …准备好……47. all students 所有的学生48. every afternoon/night 每天下午/晚上二、句型1. We drink water and use water to clean things every day.我们每天喝水并用水洗净东西。