八年级上错题
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八年级上册数学错题笔记一、笔记目的数学是八年级上册的重要学科之一,掌握数学知识对于日后的学习和生活都至关重要。
然而,在学习过程中,我们常常会遇到一些错题,这些错题反映了我们对于某些知识点的掌握不够扎实。
为了更好地掌握数学知识,提高数学成绩,本笔记旨在整理八年级上册数学中的常见错题,分析错题原因,并提出相应的解决方案。
二、常见错题及分析1、计算问题例题:(-2/5) ×(-4/3) = ?常见错误答案:(-2/5) ×(-4/3) = 16/15错题分析:此题考察了有理数的乘法运算。
学生的错误可能是由于没有遵循有理数乘法的规则,即“负负得正”的规则。
正确的计算应该是(-2/5) ×(-4/3) = 8/15。
2、概念理解不清例题:若|x| = 5,则x = ?常见错误答案:x = -5 或x = 5错题分析:此题考察绝对值的定义。
学生可能没有理解绝对值的概念,认为绝对值是负数。
实际上,绝对值表示一个数到数轴原点的距离,所以|x| = 5 的解应该是x = 5 或x = -5。
3、逻辑推理错误例题:若a > b,则a^2 > b^2,对吗?常见错误答案:对错题分析:此题考察了不等式的性质。
学生的错误可能是由于没有考虑到特殊情况,如当a = 0,b = -1 时,虽然a > b,但是a^2 < b^2。
因此,这个逻辑推理是错误的。
三、解决方案及学习建议1、加强计算训练对于计算问题,学生应该加强计算训练,提高计算准确性和速度。
建议学生多做计算练习题,熟悉各种运算法则和运算性质。
此外,学生还应该养成检查的习惯,确保每一步运算都正确无误。
2、深入理解概念对于概念理解不清的问题,学生应该深入理解数学概念,把握概念的内涵和外延。
建议学生多阅读教材,加强对概念的解释和例题的解析。
同时,学生还可以通过做题、讨论等方式加深对概念的理解。
3、提高逻辑思维能力对于逻辑推理问题,学生应该提高逻辑思维能力,掌握正确的推理方法。
八年级上册英语错题一、单项选择错题。
1. - ______ do you go to the movies?- Once a month.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soonD. How far.答案:B。
解析:根据答语“Once a month”(每月一次),这是表示频率的,而how often用于提问频率,how long提问时间长短或物体长度;how soon提问多久之后(常用于一般将来时);how far提问距离。
2. There are ______ people in the supermarket. It's so crowded.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of.答案:D。
解析:hundred前面有具体数字时,用单数形式,如“two hundred”;表示“数以百计的”用“hundreds of”,这是固定用法。
3. - What's the matter with you?- I have a ______. I can't eat anything.A. headacheB. toothacheC. coldD. fever.答案:B。
解析:根据“I can't eat anything”(我不能吃任何东西),可知是牙痛,headache是头痛,cold是感冒,fever是发烧,都不符合不能吃东西这个症状。
4. She is ______ than her sister.A. more tallerB. much tallerC. much more tallD. more much tall.答案:B。
解析:tall的比较级是taller,比较级前面可以用much来修饰,表示“……得多”,而more不能用来修饰比较级taller。
5. - Which subject do you like ______, English, math or Chinese?- English.A. bestB. wellC. betterD. good.答案:A。
版八年级上册数学错题第一题题目:小明参加一次考试,得到了85分。
他的分数是多少百分制?答案:小明的分数是85%。
第二题题目:某人去商场购买商品,原价为100元,商场打8折。
他支付了多少钱?答案:某人支付了80元。
第三题题目:已知一个矩形的长是10cm,宽是6cm,求其面积。
答案:矩形的面积等于长乘以宽,即10cm × 6cm = 60平方厘米。
题目:如果一个等边三角形的边长是5cm,它的周长是多少?答案:等边三角形的三条边长相等,所以周长等于三边长的和,即5cm + 5cm + 5cm = 15cm。
第五题题目:已知一个梯形的上底长是4cm,下底长是8cm,高是3cm,求其面积。
答案:梯形的面积可以通过上底长、下底长和高来计算,即[(上底长 + 下底长) × 高] ÷ 2 = [(4cm + 8cm) × 3cm] ÷ 2 = 36平方厘米。
第六题题目:一个包装盒的长宽高分别是3cm、4cm和5cm,求其体积。
答案:包装盒的体积等于长乘以宽乘以高,即3cm × 4cm × 5cm = 60立方厘米。
题目:某班有50名学生,其中女生占总人数的40%。
男生有多少人?答案:女生人数等于总人数乘以女生的百分比,即50人 × 40% = 20人。
男生人数等于总人数减去女生人数,即50人 - 20人 = 30人。
第八题题目:小明在一次期末考试中得到了342分,而全班平均分为360分。
如果班级共有40名学生,小明的成绩相对于班级平均分低了多少?答案:小明的成绩相对于班级平均分低了360分 - 342分 = 18分。
第九题题目:计算8的平方根。
答案:8的平方根等于2.828。
题目:已知一个三角形的底边长为6cm,高为4cm,求其面积。
答案:三角形面积等于底边长乘以高的一半,即(6cm × 4cm) ÷ 2 = 12平方厘米。
平水镇中八年级上册科学错题集1、下列各量中,不属于物质特性的是()A、质量B、熔点C、沸点D、密度2、某工地需用砂子50米3,若用一辆载重量为5吨的汽车运载,至少要运载几趟?(ρ砂=1.4×103千克/米3)3、从一瓶100毫升盐水中取出10毫升,剩下的盐水和取出的盐水的密度之比是()A、9:1B、1:9C、10:1D、1:14、由密度公式ρ=m/V可知()A、物质的密度与质量成正比B、物质的密度与体积成反比C、物质的密度与质量、体积无关D、物质的密度与质量成正比,与体积成反比5、滑冰运动员穿着冰鞋滑冰时,脚对鞋的压强p1,鞋对冰面的压强p2,则()A、p1>p2B、p1<p2C、p1=p2D、条件不足,无法判断6、在底面积相同的量筒和量杯里,分别倒入质量相等的水,则水对容器底部的压强是()A、量杯里大B、量筒里大C、一样大D、不能确定7、关于浮力,下列说法不正确的是()A、在气体中的物体也受到浮力B、沉下去的物体受到的浮力一定比浮上来的物体受到的浮力小C、浮力大小与受到浮力的物体的运动状态无关D、体积相等的铁球和木球都浸没在水中,它们受到的浮力一样大8、将一只漂浮在水面上的咸鸭蛋从水中捞出投入到盐水中并处于悬浮状态,在两种不同的液体中,咸鸭蛋受到的浮力哪一个更大?()A、水中的大B、盐水中的大C、一样大D、不能确定9、某物体的质量为100克,当把它放进盛满水的容器中时,溢出50毫升的水,则此物体()A、浮在水面上B、沉到容器底部C、悬浮在水中D、无法判断10、一块马铃薯恰好能悬浮在某一浓盐水中,如果将这块马铃薯切成大小不等的两块,仍放到这一盐水中,则()A、大的一块下沉,小的一块漂浮B、两块都下沉C、两块都上浮D、两块都悬浮11、一艘轮船从海里驶入河里,轮船受到的浮力大小将()A、变小B、变大C、不变D、无法判断12、鱼鳔是鱼类的浮沉器官,它实现浮沉主要靠改变()A、质量B、重力C、受到的压强D、排开水的体积13、在20℃时,下列四种物质分别溶解在水中,恰好制成饱和溶液,溶解度最大的是()A、3克物质溶解在30克水中B、100克溶液中含有溶质20克C、溶质和溶剂的质量比为1:2的溶液D、1.2克物质溶解在1.5克水中14、在相同温度下,下列四种食盐溶液中,溶质的质量分数最大的是()A、20克食盐溶于80克水中B、80克食盐溶液中含有食盐20克C、18克水中溶解食盐2克D、溶解度为36克的食盐饱和溶液15、将20℃的氯化铵饱和溶液升温至50℃(不考虑水分的蒸发),一定发生改变的是()A、氯化铵的溶解度B、溶液的质量C、溶质的质量分数D、溶质的质量16、溶液稀释前后的等量关系是()A、溶剂质量不变B、溶质质量不变C、溶液质量不变D、无法判断17、20℃时,50克水中最多溶解2.5克M物质;40℃时,80克水中最多溶解4.0克N物质,则两种物质的溶解度相比较()A、M>NB、M<NC、M=ND、无法比较18、室温下,饱和食盐水露置在空气中一段时间后,有少量固体析出,这是因为()A 、氯化钠的溶解度减小B 、溶质的质量分数变小C 、溶剂质量减小D 、溶液变为不饱和溶液19、冷却热饱和溶液析出无水晶体前后,保持不变的是( )A 、溶液质量B 、溶质质量C 、溶剂质量D 、溶解度20、把100克10℃的硝酸钾饱和溶液加热到60℃,如不蒸发水分,还需加入多少克硝酸钾晶体,才能重新达到饱和?(硝酸钾在60℃和10℃时的溶解度分别为110克和20克)21、一个普通中学生双脚站在水平地面上,他对地面的压力和压强最接近于( )A 、50牛,103帕B 、50牛,104帕C 、500牛,103帕D 、500牛,104帕22、关于压力的概念中,下列说法正确的是 ( )A 、压力的大小总等于物体受到的重力B 、压力的方向总是竖直向下的C 、压力的大小和方向总跟重力有关D 、压力就是垂直压在物体表面上的力23、对于图(左容器中放纯水,右容器中放海水)中a 、b 、c 、d 四个位置压强的说法,正确的是 ( )A .a 、c 两处的压强相等B .b 处压强比c 处压强大C .a 处向下压强比向上压强大D .b 处压强比d 处压强小24、如图所示,水中的大鱼和小鱼在争论,大鱼说:“我的体积大,排开水的体积大,受到的浮力大。
1、已知:如图,在△ABC中∠C=2∠B,∠1=∠2。
求证:AB=AC+CD。
2、已知:如图,在四边形ABCD中,B C>AB,AD=DC,BD平分∠ABC。
求证:∠BAD+∠BCD=180°。
3、如图,在一棵树的10米高处有两只猴子,一只猴子爬下树走到离树20米出的池塘的A 处,另一只爬到树顶D直接跃到A处,距离以直线计算,如果两只猴子所经过的距离相等则这棵树高多少米?4、如图,△ABC是腰长为2的等腰直角三角形,△BCD是直角三角形,且∠D=30°,则两个三角形重叠部分(△OBC)的面积是()。
A 3-√3B 2-√3∕4C 1D 1+√2∕25、如图,“赵爽弦图”由4个全等的直角三角形所围成,在Rt△ABC中,AC=b,BC=a, ∠ACB=90°,若图中大正方形的面积为42,小正方形面积为5,则(a+b)2的值为()。
6、我国古籍“周髀算经”中早有记载“勾三股四玄五”,下面我们来探究两类特殊的勾股数,通过观察完成下面两个表格中的空格(以下a、b 、c 为Rt △ABC 的三边,且a <b <c ): 表一 表二⑴仔细观察,表一中a 为大于1的奇数,此时b 、c 的数量关系是____,a 、b 、c 之间的数量关系是________。
⑵仔细观察,表二中a 为大于4的偶数,此时b 、c 的数量关系是____,a 、b 、c 之间的数量关系是________。
⑶我们还发现,表一中三边长“3,4,5”与表二中“6,8,10”成倍数关系,表一中“5,12,13” 与表二中“10,24,26” 恰好也成倍数关系…请直接利用这一规律计算:在Rt △ABC 中当a=3∕5,b=4∕5时,斜边c 的值。
7、如图,AC ⊥CD 于点C ,BD ⊥CD 于点D,AB 的垂直平分线EF 交AB 于点E ,交CD 于点F,且AC=FD.求证:△ABF 是等腰直角三角形。
8、如图,△ABC 中,BD=DC, ∠ADB=∠ADC 求证:AD 垂直平分BC.9、如图,△ABC中,AD 是∠BAC的平分线,DE⊥AB于点E,DF⊥AC于点F,连接EF 交AD于G。
八年级上册Unit4 错题整理一、词汇运用1.To be better at DIY, I took a ________(课程) in DIY last month.2.Can you see the words on the blackboard ________(clear)?3.We all enjoyed those DIY ________(paint) from Russia last weekend.4.From the ________(颜料) on the table we can guess this is an art room.5.I like this book at the first sight because of the amazing ________(封面).6.Nobody wants to live an ________(active) and unhappy life.二、动词填空1.Suzy’s cousin ________(attend) the course in DIY this coming Saturday.2.Reading the instructions only ________(take) you a few minutes, but it is important.3.If you can keep ________(read) English every day, you ________ (find) it easy to learn.三、单项选择( )1.I think we need to ________ a brighter light in the sitting room.A. put upB. put inC. put outD. put down( )2.Please fix the shelf for me, ________?A. will youB. shall weC. don’t youD. do you( )3.He thought for ________ and then told us his plan.A. sometimeB. some timeC. sometimesD. some times四、完成句子1.今天早上,我步行去上班而没有开车去。
八年级上册科学易错题【错题1】有一金属块,在空气中称重是14.7牛,把金属块浸没在水中,弹簧测力计的读数是9.8牛。
金属块受到的浮力是多大?排开水的体积是多大?金属块的密度是多少?正确答案:(1)金属块受到的浮力为4.9牛。
(2)排开水的体积为0.00049立方米。
(3)金属块的密度为2.5×10³千克/立方米。
解析:根据称重法测浮力的原理,金属块受到的浮力等于其重力减去弹簧测力计的读数。
因此,金属块受到的浮力为14.7牛-9.8牛=4.9牛。
根据阿基米德原理,物体排开液体的体积等于物体所受浮力与液体密度的比值再除以液体的密度。
因此,排开水的体积为4.9牛÷(1×10³千克/立方米×9.8牛/千克)=0.00049立方米。
金属块的密度为金属块的质量与体积的比值,根据公式可知,金属块的密度为14.7牛÷9.8牛/千克÷0.00049立方米=2.5×10³千克/立方米。
【错题2】“曹冲称象”是家喻户晓的故事。
某兴趣小组模仿这一现象,制作了一把“浮力30米,高度称”。
将厚底直筒形的玻璃杯浸入水中。
已知玻璃杯的质量为150克,底面积为25厘米²,求此浮力称的量程为多少?正确答案:此浮力称的量程为600克。
解析:根据阿基米德原理,物体所受浮力等于物体排开液体的重力。
因此,浮力称的量程为玻璃杯排开水的质量加上玻璃杯自身的质量,再除以玻璃杯的底面积。
根据公式可知,此浮力称的量程为(0.15千克+6千克)÷0.025平方米=600千克=600克。
八年级练习册错题集锦:填空题:1.A good day starts (开始) with breakfast, so have breakfast every day !解析:美好的一天从早餐开始。
A good day, 后用三单。
2.The little girl brushes her teeth three ____ (time) a day.解析:这个小女孩一天刷三次牙,time表示次数为可数名词。
3.Our school has an English Reading Festival ____ a term.解析:一学期一次,once a term。
Reading should be a life-long h____ for everyone of us.解析:阅读应是我们每个人的终身兴趣,hobby。
4.Great __minds__ (mind) think alike.解析:英雄所见略同,think 为原型,所以用mind的复数。
5.The box will be empty (empty) by tomorrow.解析:在明天之前会变空,用will be empty。
6.This is the worst (bad) theater in our town.解析:这是我们镇上最糟糕的影院,bad的最高级是worst。
7.Q: What does your father usually do on weekends? (do)A:He does some reading解析:你爸爸周末通常做什么?8.Q: How long do You usually sleep at night on weekends? (sleep)A: For about 10 hours.解析:问你周末晚上睡多久?用how long 提问。
9.Julia decided to be a doctor after watching the news programme.(同义句转换) Julia __made__a __decision_ to be a doctor after watching the news programme.解析:decide to be = want to be/ make a decision to be10.We need to eat more vegetables to have healthy_bodies__ (Body).解析:我们要多吃蔬菜来养成健康的身体。
八年级上册Unit1 错题整理一、词汇运用1.Do you often share your ________(欢乐) with your friends?2.Everyone in my class likes Mrs Wu’s sweet ________.(嗓音)3.My legs always ________(fit) well under my desk as I was small.4.I feel even ________(ill) than yesterday. I have to go to hospital.5.Which city is ________(far) to the sea, Beijing or Tianjin?6.If you can take ________(much) exercise, you will be ________(health) than before.7.Do you think this story is ________(fun) than that one?8.I think hiking is ________(excite) than jogging.lie is ________(thin) of the six girls. She needs to exercise more to become strong.10.Lily is ________(hard-working) of the twins.11.Are you ________(will) to visit the home for the elderly with us this Sunday?12.My friend Nick is as ________(care) as his brother. Both of them do well in everything.13.Who do you think is the best ________ (swim) around the world now?14.He’s not happy these days because he has some ________(困难) with his classmates.二、动词填空1. ________ you please ________(share) the toy with the new boy, Daniel?三、单项选择( )1.—Can I borrow ________ books, sir?--Sorry, two at most at a time.A. two moreB. more twoC. two anotherD. other two( )2.What makes you so ________ today, Jenny?A.happyB. happinessC. happilyD. happier( )3.Would you like to tell us ________ your best friend, John?A. withB. aboutC. toD. in( )4.Whose hair is ________, Betty’s or ________?A. longer; herB. longer; hersC. longest; herD. the longest; hers( )5.Maths is one of Peter’s ________ subjects. He doesn’t like it at all.A. worseB. the worstC. worstD. the worst( )6.Which city do you think is ________ from Wuxi, Beijing or Dalian?A. farthestB. farC. fartherD. the farthest( )7. ________ of the two men over there is my brother.A. OlderB. The olderC. ElderD. The elder( )8.Nobody knew ________ at that time.A. how to doB. what to doC. what to do itD. how would they do it( )9.—The digital camera is really cheap.--The ________, the better. I’m short of money these days, you see.A. cheaperB. cheapestC. expensiveD. more expensive( )10.-- ________ is the height of Tom, Helen?--I’m not sure, but he is ________ than Simon.A. What; higherB. How tall; higherC. How tall; tallerD. What; taller( )11.We have two cars and one mouth so that we can listen ________ we speak.A. as twice much asB. twice as much asC. as much as twiceD. as much twice as四、完成句子1.冰箱里没有任何其他东西了。
八年级上册数学错题八年级上册数学错题集一、三角形错题 1:一个三角形的两边长分别为 3 和 6,第三边长是方程x^2 10x + 21 = 0的根,则三角形的周长为()A. 12B. 16C. 12 或 16D. 不能确定解析:解方程x^2 10x + 21 = 0,即(x 3)(x 7) = 0,解得x = 3或x = 7。
当第三边长为 3 时,因为 3 + 3 = 6,不满足三角形两边之和大于第三边,所以舍去。
当第三边长为 7 时,三角形的周长为 3 + 6 + 7 = 16。
故选 B。
错题 2:在\triangle ABC中,\angle A = 50^{\circ},\angle B = \angle C,则\angle B的度数为()A. 65°B. 50°C. 80°D. 40°解析:因为\angle A + \angle B + \angle C = 180^{\circ},且\angle B = \angle C,所以\angle B = (180^{\circ}50^{\circ})÷ 2 = 65^{\circ}故选 A。
二、全等三角形错题 3:如图,已知AB = AD,那么添加下列一个条件后,仍无法判定\triangle ABC ≌ \triangle ADC的是()A. CB = CDB. ∠BAC = ∠DACC. ∠B = ∠D = 90°D.∠BCA = ∠DCA解析:A 选项,因为AB = AD,CB = CD,AC = AC,根据 SSS 可判定\triangle ABC ≌ \triangle ADC。
B 选项,因为AB = AD,∠BAC = ∠DAC,AC = AC,根据 SAS 可判定\triangle ABC ≌ \triangle ADC。
C 选项,因为AB = AD,∠B = ∠D = 90°,AC = AC,根据 HL 可判定\triangle ABC ≌ \triangle ADC。
选择题:
1. How does it ________ you to get from home to school ?
A. take
B. get
C. care
D. move
2. It __________ her 40 minutes __________ her homework every day last week.
A. took; do
B. takes; to do
C. took; to do
D. takes; doing
3. Lily is a good student. She __________ late for school.
A. is hardly ever
B. isn’t never
C. is often
D. is always
4. _____________ do homework every day.
A. The most students
B. Most the students
C. Most of the students
D. Most student
5. ______________ hours does the koala sleep every day?
A. How many
B. How old
C. How much
D. How long
6. I love junk food too. _____________ I try to ___________ only a week.
A. but; eat
B. but; eat them
C. and; eat
D. but; eat it
7. He ________ know the answer, but I’m not sure.
A. maybe
B. may be
C. has to
D. may
8. —Mom, I’m afraid I have a headache.
—Really? I think you _________ stay at home; You _________ go hiking today.
A. should; should
B. shouldn’t; can
C. should; can’t
D. can’t; should
9. Mr Smith gave us __________ very good __________ yesterday.
A. some; advice
B. a; advice
C. /; advice
D. many; advice
10. Most students in my class ___________ exercise every day.
A. does
B. do
C. is doing
D. are doing
11. He _______ stay at home and look after his mother yesterday.
A. needed to
B. must
C. have to
D. has to
12.—How is the young man?
—__________________.
A. He is twelve.
B. He ‘s much better.
C. He is a doctor.
D. He’s Allan.
13. —My mother is ill.
—____________.
A. Don’t worry.
B. No hurry.
C. I’m sorry to hear that
D. OK
14. —What’s __________ with you, young man?
—I don’t feel well.
A. matter
B. wrong
C. trouble
D. the wrong
15. Though I’m not healthy, _________ exercise every day.
A. /
B. but
C. so
D. and
16. ________ good eating habits ________ very important.
A. Having; is
B. Having; are
C. Have; is
D. Have; are
17. Tennis __________ my favorite sport.
A. are
B. is
C. am
D. be
18. Good food and exercise _____________ me to study better.
A. help
B. helps
C. helping
D. to help
19. —____________ do you go swimming? —Sometimes.
A. How often
B. How long
C. How many
D. How old
20. If you eat ___________ food every day, you can keep yourself _________
A. health; health
B. health; healthy
C. healthy; health
D. healthy; healthy
21. Put on your coat. It’s _____________ cold.
A. some
B. much
C. kind of
D. a kind of
22. Can you help me ____________ the clothes?
A. wash
B. washes
C. washed
D. washing
23. My father tries ________ vegetables eleven to twelve times a week.
A. eat
B. eating
C. to eat
D. ate
24. If you want to be healthier ,you must eat _________junk food, I think.
A. more
B. less
C. fewer
D. many
填空:
1. He was so angry that he could __________(几乎不)say anything.
2. -Does Li Tao often have rice for lunch?
-________, he ________.
3. I often s__________ (购物) on weekends.
4. Eat __________ ,or you’ll get ill.
5. I’m pretty _____________,because I eat much __________ food every day, I think ____________food is good for my ___________. And I also drink milk every day, so I think have a ___________ habit, and my ____________ habit helps me keep in good ____________. But my sister is kind of _____________,she hardly ever eats ____________food. She doesn’t have a ______________ lifestyle , she wants to keep _____________, but I think it is difficult. What
about you ? do you have a _____________lifestyle? Do you stay _____________?
6. We had fishes for breakfast every day.
A B C D
7. Jack usually works very hardly at school.
A B C D
8. She never stay at home and does her homework.
A B C D
9. The weather here is so cold . I can h____________ stand it. Every year I have a long h__________ with family. There are some d___________ between the two pictures. Please try __________________ (not be ) late again.
The old man ______________(锻炼) every morning.
I often ___________(购物)on weekends.
Everyone must ____________(努力) to work hard.。