【良心出品】How Diversity Makes Us Smarter中文译文
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英语九年级上册鲁教版第一单元b部分2b英汉翻译原文内容(英文)。
Dear classmates,We are doing a survey about hobbies. Hobbies can make our lives more colorful and interesting. They can also help us relax and reduce stress. What are your hobbies? Do you like reading, painting, playing sports or something else?Let's share our hobbies and talk about the benefits they bring to us.For example, if you like reading, you can learn a lot of knowledge and improve your language skills. If you like painting, you can express your feelings and creativity. And if you like playing sports, you can keep healthy and make new friends.Please write down your hobbies and the reasons why you like them. We will share and discuss them in class.Thanks for your participation!翻译内容(中文)。
亲爱的同学们:我们正在进行一项关于业余爱好的调查。
业余爱好能让我们的生活变得更加丰富多彩且有趣。
它们还能帮助我们放松身心,减轻压力。
你们的业余爱好是什么呢?你们喜欢阅读、绘画、运动还是其他的什么呢?让我们分享一下自己的业余爱好,并讨论一下它们给我们带来的益处吧。
Diversity is a concept that emphasizes the importance of embracing and celebrating the differences that exist within our society. It recognizes the value of including individuals from all walks of life, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or socio-economic background. This concept has been a source of inspiration for many people, leading to the creation of numerous profound and eloquent quotes in the English language.1. "Diversity is not about how we differ. Diversity is about embracing one another's uniqueness." - Ola JosephThis quote encapsulates the essence of diversity, emphasizing the idea that it is not just about acknowledging the differences between individuals, but also about accepting and appreciating those differences. It underscores the notion that diversity enriches our lives by bringing together a wide range of perspectives and experiences.2. "Our ability to reach unity in diversity will be the beauty and the test of our civilization." - Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi, a prominent advocate for social equality andjustice, recognized the significance of unity in diversity. This quote highlights the idea that a society's ability to embrace its diversity and unite despite its differences is a true testament to its advancement and maturity.3. "Diversity is the one true thing we all have inmon. Celebrate it every day." - AnonymousThis anonymous quote serves as a reminder of the universal nature of diversity. It emphasizes that despite the myriad of differences that exist among individuals, diversity is a fundamental aspect of the human experience that should be acknowledged and celebrated on a d本人ly basis.4. "Diversity is the collective mixture of differences and similarities, as well as the interconnectedness and interdependence of all people and groups." - Dr. Helen TurnbullDr. Helen Turnbull, an expert in the field of diversity and inclusion, defines diversity as a collective blend of both differences and similarities, highlighting the interconnectedness and interdependence of all individuals and groups. This quote underscores the idea that diversity goes beyond meredistinctions, epassing theplex web of relationships and connections that exist within society.5. "Diversity is the magic. It is the first manifestation, the first beginning of the differentiation of a thing and of simple identity. The greater the diversity, the greater the perfection." - Thomas BerryThomas Berry, a cultural historian and ecotheologian, presents diversity as a magical and essential aspect of existence. He suggests that diversity is not only the initial expression of differentiation and identity, but also a catalyst for growth and development. This quote implies that embracing diversity leads to greaterpleteness and excellence.6. "Diversity is not about how different we all are, but the celebration of our uniqueness." - AnonymousThis anonymous quote reiterates the idea that diversity is not solely about recognizing differences, but also about honoring andmemorating the individuality of each person. It emphasizes the positive connotation of diversity, portraying it as a cause for celebration rather than division.7. "We all should know that diversity makes for a rich tapestry, and we must understand that all the threads of the tapestry are equal in value no matter their color." - Maya AngelouMaya Angelou, a highly accl本人med poet and civil rights activist, uses the metaphor of a tapestry to illustrate the beauty of diversity. She emphasizes the importance of recognizing the equal worth of all individuals, regardless of their backgrounds, reinforcing the notion that diversity brings depth and vibrancy to the human experience.8. "Diversity is the one true thing we all have inmon. Let's celebrate it." - AnonymousThis quote, similar to the previous anonymous quote, highlights the universality of diversity as a shared human experience. It encourages individuals toe together in celebration of diversity, transcending barriers and fostering a sense of unity and inclusivity.In conclusion, the concept of diversity has inspired a multitude of thought-provoking and inspirational quotes in the Englishlanguage. These quotes serve as a testament to the enduring significance of diversity in our society, emphasizing the need to embrace, celebrate, and affirm the unique qualities and perspectives of all individuals. Through the wisdom and insight cont本人ned in these quotes, we are reminded of the profound impact of diversity on our lives and the imperative of promoting inclusivity and understanding in ourmunities.。
1. 忙于做数学作业 - Busy doing math homework。
2. 尽力把自学材料看完 - Trying to finish reading self-study materials。
4. 老师要求我们互相交流想法 - The teacher asked us to exchange ideas with each other。
5. 这些新规定对我们的学习很有影响 - These new regulations have a big impact on our studies。
6. 我们的社团准备参加一次义卖活动 - Our club is preparing to participate in a charity sale event。
7. 我们需要做充分的准备,以确保活动顺利进行 - We need to make adequate preparations to ensure the smooth running of the event。
8. 每个人都可以参与其中,无论他们是谁 - Everyone can participate, no matter who they are。
9. 我们希望能筹集足够的资金来支持慈善事业 - We hope to raise enough funds to support charitable causes。
10. 我们决定将收入捐赠给当地的慈善机构 - We have decided to donate the proceeds to a local charity organization.。
Unit1 奔向更加光明的未来1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里,我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。
妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。
”“等一等,”爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。
”在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。
至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。
3 让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。
你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。
你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。
4 对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。
在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。
你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。
你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着去追求新的爱好。
我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。
5 有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。
你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。
如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。
选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。
这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。
一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇,她最初学的是艺术史。
随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。
团结英文佳句带翻译Title: Unity in Diversity Building a Stronger Community。
Unity in diversity is a phrase that describes the importance of coming together despite our differences. Itis a concept that is essential for building a stronger community. In today's world, diversity is more prevalent than ever before. We live in a society that is made up of people from different cultures, religions, races, and backgrounds. While diversity can bring about many benefits, it can also lead to division and conflict if not handled properly.The key to building unity in diversity is to embraceour differences and find common ground. We need torecognize that everyone has something unique to offer and that our differences can be a source of strength. Byworking together, we can achieve great things and create a more harmonious society.One way to promote unity in diversity is through education. By teaching children about different cultures and religions, we can help them understand and appreciate diversity from an early age. This can help to break down barriers and create a more inclusive society.Another way to promote unity in diversity is through community events and activities. By bringing people together to celebrate their differences, we can create a sense of belonging and foster a more cohesive community. This can be done through cultural festivals, food fairs, and other events that showcase the diversity of our community.It is also important to have leaders who are committed to promoting unity in diversity. Leaders who are willing to listen to different perspectives and work towards common goals can help to bridge the divide between different groups. They can also create policies and programs that promote diversity and inclusion.In order to build unity in diversity, it is importantto address issues of discrimination and prejudice. We need to challenge stereotypes and promote understanding between different groups. This can be done through dialogue and education, as well as through policies that promoteequality and justice.In conclusion, unity in diversity is essential for building a stronger community. By embracing our differences and finding common ground, we can create a more harmonious society. This requires education, community events and activities, committed leaders, and a willingness to address issues of discrimination and prejudice. With these efforts, we can build a community that celebrates diversity and promotes unity.。
★以下是英语资源频道为⼤家整理的《双语美⽂阅读翻译:让美好⽣活触⼿可及》,供⼤家参考。
1) Get out in nature ⼀、⾛进⾃然 You probably seriously underestimate how important this is. (Actually, there’s research that says you do.) Being in nature reduces stress, makes you more creative, improves your memory and may even make you a better person. 你可能根本不知道这有多重要。
(真的,有研究表明你的确不知道。
)⾝处⼤⾃然可以缓解压⼒,使你有更丰富的创造⼒,更好的记忆⼒,甚⾄可能使你变成⼀个更好的⼈。
2) Exercise ⼆、锻炼 We all know how important this is, but few people do it consistently. Other than health benefits too numerous to mention, exercise makes you smarter, happier, improves sleep, increases libido and makes you feel better about your body. A Harvard study that has tracked a group of men for more than 70 years identified it as one of the secrets to a good life. 我们都知道这很重要,不过很少有⼈坚持锻炼。
锻炼对健康的益处不胜枚举,除此之外还能使你更聪明,更开⼼,改善你的睡眠,提升你的性欲,让你对你的⾝材更加满意。
《教育的力量》原文、注释与翻译教育的力量原文教育是人类进步的重要驱动力。
它不仅仅是一种知识的传递,更是一种能够塑造个体和社会的力量。
教育可以开拓人们的眼界,培养他们的思维能力和创造力。
通过教育,我们可以破除偏见,促进多元文化的理解和包容。
教育的力量体现在许多方面。
首先,教育可以帮助人们了解历史,从而更好地理解现在和未来。
通过研究过去的经验教训,我们可以避免犯同样的错误,为社会进步做出贡献。
其次,教育可以提高人们的技能和专业知识。
通过研究不同的学科和领域,人们可以掌握解决问题的方法和策略。
这些技能和知识将为个人的职业发展和社会的繁荣做出贡献。
再次,教育可以培养人们的创造力和创新能力。
通过激发学生的想象力,并提供适当的资源和环境,教育可以帮助他们发展独特的创造力和创新能力。
这些创造力和创新能力将为社会带来新的思想和解决方案。
最后,教育可以促进人们的社会责任感和道德观念。
通过教育,我们可以传授正确的价值观和道德准则,培养学生对社会问题的关注和对他人的尊重。
这种社会责任感和道德观念将引导人们为社会公益事业做出贡献。
注释与翻译- 重要驱动力:imperative driving force重要驱动力:imperative driving force- 传递:transmit传递:transmit- 塑造:shape塑造:shape- 眼界:perspective眼界:perspective- 思维能力:thinking ability思维能力:thinking ability- 创造力:creativity创造力:creativity- 偏见:prejudice偏见:prejudice- 多元文化:diverse culture多元文化:diverse culture- 体现在:manifest in体现在:manifest in- 经验教训:lessons learned经验教训:lessons learned- 职业发展:career development职业发展:career development - 社会的繁荣:societal prosperity社会的繁荣:societal prosperity- 创新能力:innovation capacity创新能力:innovation capacity - 激发:inspire激发:inspire- 解决方案:solutions解决方案:solutions- 社会责任感:social responsibility社会责任感:social responsibility- 正确的价值观:correct values正确的价值观:correct values - 道德准则:moral principles道德准则:moral principles- 社会公益事业:social welfare社会公益事业:social welfare 翻译The Power of EducationOriginal TextEducation is a significant driving force behind human progress. It is not only the transmission of knowledge but also a force that shapes individuals and societies. Education can expand people's horizons, cultivate their thinking and creativity. Through education, we can eliminate prejudices and promote understanding and inclusiveness of diverse cultures.Secondly, education enhances people's skills and expertise. By studying different subjects and fields, people can acquire problem-solving methods and strategies. These skills and knowledge contribute to individual career development and societal prosperity.Furthermore, education fosters people's creativity and innovation. By stimulating students' imagination and providing suitable resources and environments, education helps them develop unique creativity and innovation. These creativity and innovation will bring new ideas and solutions to society.Lastly, education promotes people's sense of social responsibility and moral values. Through education, we can impart correct values and moral principles, cultivate students' concerns about social issues and respect for others. This sense of social responsibility and moral values will guide people to contribute to social welfare.。
《新英汉翻译教程》第五章词义的处理_参考译文同学们,我们的老师把《新英汉翻译教程》的课堂互动答案不给我们,可谓是用心良苦啊。
这是我好不容易整理的,同学们仅供参考哦,,,,第五章词义的处理T echniques of T ranslating Words and Phrases课堂互动2:翻译下列句子, 注意词性和词义搭配(参考译文)1. Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain.【译文】运动不但能强心、健肺、壮骨、筋肌,而且还能健脑。
2. We shall never see his match.【译文】他那样的人恐怕不会有第二个了。
3. The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of 10.【译文】表决的结果是35票对25票,相差10票。
4. The report is thoroughly sourced.【译文】这项报告的来源很完备。
5. This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness.【译文】这家旅馆服务态度之好无与伦比。
6. She was rather advanced in years for a maiden.【译文】在没有结婚的女孩子中,她年龄算是相当大了。
7. Every one of us poured forth his expertise.【译文】我们每个人都充分发挥了自己的专长。
8. I’ll not abuse your hospitality.【译文】我不会辜负你的热情厚谊。
9. I long for you terribly. The moment we say good-bye andI close the door, my torment begins.【译文】我想你想得要命,我们一分手,关上门,我心里便觉得煎熬。
The Benefits of Cultural Diversity in Our Lives In today's interconnected world, cultural diversity has become an integral part of our lives. It is the rich tapestry of traditions, customs, languages, and beliefsthat makes our world vibrant and dynamic. The benefits of cultural diversity are numerous and far-reaching,especially in the lives of high school students.Firstly, cultural diversity broadens our horizons. Exposure to different cultures helps us develop a global perspective and understand the world beyond our own backyard. As students, we learn to appreciate the rich variety of human expressions and ideas, which in turn fosters creativity and innovation.Secondly, cultural diversity promotes tolerance and respect. Understanding other cultures helps us appreciate their unique values and perspectives. This, in turn, cultivates a culture of tolerance and respect, enabling us to treat others with dignity and empathy. In a diverse classroom, students learn to value different opinions and backgrounds, which is crucial for building a harmonious society.Moreover, cultural diversity enhances economic growth.In a globalized world, businesses thrive on the exchange of ideas and innovation. Cultural diversity fosters creativity and encourages the development of new products and services. This, in turn, drives economic growth and creates job opportunities.Additionally, cultural diversity enriches our educational experiences. Studying different cultures helps us understand history, art, science, and other subjectsfrom multiple perspectives. This not only makes learning more engaging but also equips us with the knowledge andskills needed to navigate a diverse world.Lastly, cultural diversity strengthens community bonds. Celebrating cultural festivals, events, and traditionsbrings people together and creates a sense of belonging. In a diverse community, people from different backgrounds come together to share their culture, food, music, and dance. This not only enhances social cohesion but also fosters mutual understanding and respect.In conclusion, the benefits of cultural diversity are immense and cannot be overstated. It broadens our horizons,promotes tolerance and respect, enhances economic growth, enriches our educational experiences, and strengthens community bonds. As high school students, it is importantfor us to embrace cultural diversity and appreciate the beauty and richness it brings to our lives.**文化多样性对我们生活的好处**在当今互联的世界中,文化多样性已成为我们生活的重要组成部分。
What Makes Us Different: Exploring the Nuances of Human Diversity1. Introduction人类作为地球上的主要物种之一,展现出了非常丰富多样的特征和行为。
我们在外貌、文化、宗教信仰、思维方式等方面都有着显著的差异。
这些差异构成了人类社会的多样性,也是人类社会的重要构成因素之一。
那么,是什么造就了我们的不同?本文将探讨造成人类差异的各种因素,并试图解释这些差异对于人类社会的意义。
2. Genetic Diversity人类的遗传多样性是人类差异的重要基础。
我们的基因组中包含了大量的变异,这些变异决定了我们的外貌特征、身体构造、免疫系统、代谢方式等方面的差异。
亚洲人的眼睛呈现出内眦、单眼皮的特征,而非洲人的皮肤颜色通常较为黑暗。
这些差异在一定程度上反映了人类在地理和环境条件下的适应性差异。
遗传变异也影响了人类的疾病易感性和药物反应等方面,进一步加深了人类的多样性。
3. Cultural Diversity文化是人类社会的核心特征之一,也是造就人类差异的重要因素之一。
不同的文化背景塑造了人们的价值观、信仰体系、日常行为和社会习俗等方面的差异。
东方文化强调集体主义和尊重长辈,西方文化则更加注重个人主义和自由意识。
这种文化差异不仅影响了人们的行为方式和思维模式,也在一定程度上塑造了人们的社会结构和政治制度。
文化多样性是一种重要的人类资源,也是人类社会发展的重要动力。
4. Environmental Influence环境条件是影响人类差异的重要因素之一。
不同的地理环境、自然资源分布、气候条件等都对人类的生活和发展产生了深远的影响。
农业社会和狩猎采集社会在资源利用和社会结构上存在着显著的差异。
地理环境也影响了人类的身体特征和健康状况,比如高原地区的人们呼吸系统更为发达,而热带地区的人们更适应高温环境。
环境因素对人类差异的形成起到了至关重要的作用。
U1 AToward a brighter future for all奔向更加光明的未来Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里,我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally." Mom instructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。
八年级下册英语人教版12页绿框翻译The importance of innovation is self-evident. Innovation has accelerated the development of the world; innovation has liberated human labor from monotonous jobs; innovation has made us see this world in different angles. Evidently, if there were no innovation, there would be no scientific and technological progress. In short, innovation has made our life more colorful and more enjoyable.Since innovation is so important, what can we do to encourage it? As far as I am concerned, the following measures can be taken. Firstly, relevant laws and regulations should be made to encourage innovation. Secondly, the whole society should create a favorable environment for innovation. Thirdly, schools should foster students awareness to innovate. Last but not the least, everyone should have the consciousness of innovation and make innovations in study and life.To sum up, innovation is vital to both individuals and the society and we all should learn to innovate in our study and work.【参考译文】创新的重要性不言而喻。
解决交通问题难的办法英语作文带译文全文共6篇示例,供读者参考篇1英语版本:Traffic Problems and How to Fix ThemBy Little TimmyWow, have you seen how bad the traffic is these days? It seems like everywhere I go, there are cars and buses and trucks all jammed up on the roads. My mom gets so mad when we're stuck in traffic on the way to school or the grocery store. She honks the horn and yells at other drivers. I don't like it when she does that - it scares me!I asked my teacher Miss Johnson why there is so much traffic all the time. She said it's because there are too many vehicles on the roads and not enough space for them all to drive smoothly. As more people move to cities and buy cars, it makes the traffic even worse. Isn't that crazy?Traffic is really bad for the environment too. Miss Johnson told us that vehicles stuck in traffic produce a lot of pollutionfrom their exhaust fumes. That pollution makes the air dirty and can make people sick. No wonder my dad has such a hard time breathing sometimes!So what can we do to solve these big traffic problems? I have some ideas that I think could really help:Build more roads and highways. If there are more roads, then the vehicles can spread out instead of all being jammed onto just a few roads. Duh, that just makes sense!Have better public transportation. If more people rode buses, subways and trains instead of driving their own cars, there would be less vehicles on the road. My city just built a new light rail line and it's really cool to ride on.Encourage cycling and walking. People shouldn't always depend on cars and trucks to get everywhere, especially for short trips. It's healthy to bike or walk when you can. My parents could probably walk to the grocery store instead of driving.Have vehicle-free zones. Some cities don't allow cars and trucks to enter certain areas like parks or downtown neighborhoods. That keeps those areas nice and uncrowded. We have a pedestrian mall near my house that's just for people walking.Promote working from home. If people can work at home on their computers instead of commuting to offices, that's a whole lot of cars that don't have to be on the roads during rush hours. My mom could do her job from home sometimes.Stagger work schedules. If everyone's work days started and ended at slightly different times instead of all at the same times, the roads wouldn't get as packed during rush hour. Good idea, right?Improve traffic light timing. Sometimes it seems like I'm stopping at every single red light when we're driving around town. If the city made the traffic lights smarter and timed them better, traffic might flow more smoothly.Add roundabouts instead of stoplights. Those circular intersections they have in Europe are neat. Cars can just keep moving through them instead of stopping completely at a red light. We should get more of those.Build overpasses and underpasses. When a road goes over or under another one, that prevents the traffic on those roads from ever getting tangled up and blocked. Brilliant!Encourage electric and hybrid vehicles. Cars that don't burn gasoline and make polluting fumes would make city air so muchcleaner for everyone. I'd love to have an electric car when I grow up.Those are my top 10 ideas for how to solve traffic headaches. If cities and towns did even just a few of those things, I bet it would make a huge difference. Traffic drives me nuts - and I can't even drive yet! We've got to fix these jammed up roads before I'm old enough for a license. Nobody wants to be stuck in gridlock all day, right? Let's get these solutions into action and get traffic moving again!中文译文:交通问题及其解决之道作者: 小蒂米哇,你看到最近的交通有多糟糕吗?无论我去哪里,都能看到汽车、公交车和卡车堵在路上。
中英汉互译
1. 英文翻译成中文:
- 书籍是人类进步的阶梯。
Books are the ladder of human progress.
- 生活就像一面镜子,你若对她笑,她就对你笑。
Life is like a mirror. If you smile at her, she will smile at you.
2. 中文翻译成英文:
- 知识就是力量。
Knowledge is power.
- 塞翁失马,焉知非福。
A blessing in disguise.
3. 中文翻译成中文:
- 天下兴亡,匹夫有责。
Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the country.
- 海纳百川,有容乃大。
The ocean is vast because it admits all rivers.
这些只是一些示例,实际上还有很多其他的中英汉互译内容。
如果你有具体的文本需要翻译,我可以帮你进行翻译。
请注意,翻译的准确性和流畅性可能会受到语言的复杂性、文化背景和上下文等因素的影响。
How Diversity Makes Us Smarter Being around people who are different from us makes us more creative, more diligent and harder-working By Katherine W. Phillips on October 1, 2014 The first thing to acknowledge about diversity is that it can be difficult. In the U.S., where the dialogue of inclusion is relatively advanced, even the mention of the word “diversity” can lead to anxiety and conflict. Supreme Court justices disagree on the virtues of diversity and the means for achieving it. Corporations spend billions of dollars to attract and manage diversity both internally and externally, yet they still face discrimination lawsuits, and the leadership ranks of the business world remain predominantly white and male. It is reasonable to ask what good diversity does us. Diversity of expertise confers benefits that are obvious—you would not think of building a new car without engineers, designers and quality-control experts—but what about social diversity? What good comes from diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation? Research has shown that social diversity in a group can cause discomfort, rougher interactions, a lack of trust, greater perceived interpersonal conflict, lower communication, less cohesion, more concern about disrespect, and other problems. So what is the upside? 多元化怎样令我们更聪明 身边的人与我们不同,使我们更具创造性,更勤勉,也更努力。
凯瑟琳·威廉姆·菲利普 2014·10·1 首先,我们要承认,多元化这个问题很深奥。在美国,这个对各种观点包容性相对较高的国家,提到“多元化”,人们也会感到焦虑不安,矛盾重重。最高法院的法官们对多元化的原则难以达成一致意见,他们努力去实现审判的多元化;企业为能在内外部形成并实现多元化散尽千金,尽管如此,它们仍就面临着歧视诉讼;商界的领导阶层,仍由白人和男性主导。
我们有理由提出这样的疑问,多元化对我们有什么益处。专业技术多元化的益处显而易见——想要研发一款新型汽车,工程师,设计师和质量控制专家缺一不可——那么社会多元化的益处是什么呢?种族,名族,性别和性取向方面的多元化,又会为我么带来怎样的益处呢?研究表明,团体中的社会差异会引起一系列问题,如:内心不安,交往困难,信任缺失,感知性人际冲突增强,交流减少,凝聚力降低,对不敬的敏感度增强等。那么,其优点又体现在何处呢? The fact is that if you want to build teams or organizations capable of innovating, you need diversity. Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can improve the bottom line of companies and lead to unfettered discoveries and breakthrough innovations. Even simply being exposed to diversity can change the way you think. This is not just wishful thinking: it is the conclusion I draw from decades of research from organizational scientists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and demographers. Information and Innovation The key to understanding the positive influence of diversity is the concept of informational diversity. When people are brought together to solve problems in groups, they bring different information, opinions and perspectives. This makes obvious sense when we talk about diversity of disciplinary backgrounds—think again of the interdisciplinary team building a car. The same logic applies to social diversity. People who are different from one another in race, gender and other dimensions bring unique information and experiences to bear on the task at hand. A male and a female engineer might have perspectives as different from one another as an engineer and a physicist—and that is a good thing. 事实表明,要想构建创造力十足的团队和组织,多元化必不可少。多元化会使创造力增强。它推动了对新颖信息和观点的探索,成就更好的决策,从而使问题得以解决。多元化能改善公司的财务状况,造就自由的探索及突破性的革新。听取不同的意见会改变你的思维方式。这可不是一厢情愿的空想:通过对科学家,心理学家,社会学家,经济学家及人口统计学家团体数十年的追踪研究,我最终得出了这样的结论。
信息与创新 要想理解多元化的积极影响,关键在于理解信息多元化的概念。当人们聚集在一起以小组为单位解决问题时,不同的人带来了不同的信息,主张和观点。我们讲到学科背景多元化时,这一点尤为明显——不妨回头想想刚才提过的跨学科团队造车的情形。同样的逻辑也适用于社会多元化。种族,性别和其它方面各不相同的人们会为手头的工作带来独到的信息和经验。男性工程师和女性工程师从工程师和机械专家的角度,可能对同一事物持有不同的观点——这是件好事。 Research on large, innovative organizations has shown repeatedly that this is the case. For example, business professors Cristian Deszö of the University of Maryland and David Ross of Columbia University studied the effect of gender diversity on the top firms in Standard & Poor's Composite 1500 list, a group designed to reflect the overall U.S. equity market. First, they examined the size and gender composition of firms' top management teams from 1992 through 2006. Then they looked at the financial performance of the firms. In their words, they found that, on average, “female representation in top management leads to an increase of $42 million in firm value.” They also measured the firms' “innovation intensity” through the ratio of research and development expenses to assets. They found that companies that prioritized innovation saw greater financial gains when women were part of the top leadership ranks. Racial diversity can deliver the same kinds of benefits. In a study conducted in 2003, Orlando Richard, a professor of management at the University of Texas at Dallas, and his colleagues surveyed executives at 177 national banks in the U.S., then put together a database comparing financial performance, racial diversity and the emphasis the bank presidents put on innovation. For innovation-focused banks, increases in racial diversity were clearly related to enhanced financial performance. 对大型创新机构的研究,再次表明情况的确如此。举这样一个例子,马里兰大学的克里斯蒂安·德热与哥伦比亚大学的大卫·罗丝两位商业教授研究了在标准&普尔(一家为反映全美股票市场情况的公司)指数综合排名前1500名中的顶级公司中,性别差异的影响。首先,他们查看了从1992年至2006年工资顶尖管理团队的规模及性别组成。之后,他们又查看了公司的财政状况。他们发现,一般情况下,用他们自己的话来说“公司高管团队中有女性代表,会令公司的价值提升420亿美元。”同样,他们根据调查比率及资产的扩展费用对公司的创新强度进行了评估,发现看重创新且顶尖领导团队中有女性的公司,财务收益更多。