2019-1学期高三年级9月月考考试题
高三英语
说明：试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers , or purchasing line cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).
Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served,” have an egalitarian(平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.
The principle seems right on play grounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, si mply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.
Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This
is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.
But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to“score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.
Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-market ways of allocating goods
is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.
1.According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle
“First come,
first served”?
A. Taking buses.
B. Buying houses.
C. Flying with an airline.
D. Visiting amusement parks.
2.The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates
A. the necessity of patience in queuing
B. the advantage of modern technology
C. the uncertainty of allocation principle
D. the fairness of telephonic services
3.The passage is meant to __________________________.
A. justify paying for faster services
B. discuss the morals of allocating things
C. analyze the reason for standing in line
D. criticize the behavior of
queue jumping
B
No one knows for sure when advertising first started. It is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. That led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus on doing one specific job.
Let’s take a man we’ll call Mr. Fielder, for example. He did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn’t make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows (犁), or any of other hundreds of things a farm needs. Instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.
Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright. Using what he knew about farming and working with iron, Mr. Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. Mr. Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. Perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.
How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.
Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. Even before most people could read, they understood such signs. Shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.
A medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. Originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get people’s attention.
A crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. His job was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.
4. What probably led to the start of advertisement?
A. The discovery of iron.
B. The specialization of labor.
C. The appearance of new jobs.
D. The development of farming techniques.
5. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright __________.
A. praised his plows in public
B. placed a sign outside the shop
C. hung an arrow pointing to the shop
D. showed his products to the customers
6. The writer makes up the two stories of Mr. Fielder and Mr. Plowright in order to __________.
A. explain the origin of advertising
B. predict the future of advertising
C. expose problems in advertising
D. provide suggestions for advertising
7. In ancient Egypt, a crier was probably someone who __________.
A. owned a ship
B. had the loudest voice
C. ran a shop selling goods to farmers
D. functioned like today’s TV or radio commercial
8. The last two paragraphs are mainly about __________.
A. the history of advertising
B. the benefits of advertising
C. the early forms of advertising
D. the basic design of advertising
C
Genetically Modified (GM) food is unfortunately becoming more popular among farmers and food processors. Crops are being genetically modified to resist insects, plant diseases, insecticides(杀虫剂). Plants are also modified to look bigger and better. Unfortunately the end goal isn’t providing nutrition for people, it’s to increase profit margins and to make food look better. In fact many modern fruits and vegetables are twice the size of what they used to be while having far less vitamins, and not tasting good either. Now research is showing that genetically modified food might even be bad for you.
GM organisms are organisms that have genes inserted into their DNA in order to offer certain characteristics. In this way you can make it better, or make it last longer.
Jeffrey M. Smith has published a study about the dangers of GM food. It was discovered that when GM soy was fed to female rats they found that all their young died within 3 weeks compared to a natural 10% death rate. Their young were also born smaller and they later had problems becoming pregnant. A study of pigs found that they also became infertile(不育) after eating GM corn.
Many people are eating GM food without even realizing it. The solution to this problem is simple. Human beings existed in their current form for hundreds of thousands of years. For most of that time we ate a diet consisting of meat, fruit, vegetable, fish, eggs and nuts. This is our optimal diet which leads us to live a healthy and long life. But over the last 30 years North America has experienced diabetes, cancer and heart disease. All due to the misinformation provided by groups who work on behalf of the manufacturers of GM food. The way to avoid obesity, heart disease and cancer is by eating like our stone-age ancestors.
9. According to the author, what ultimately inspired the popularity of GM crops?
A. Rich nutrition.
B. Unique taste.
C. High profits.
D. Energy saving
10. What had we better do if we want to stay healthy according to the text?
A. Eat more fruit.
B. Be vegetarians.
C. Eat more grains.
D. Keep traditional diet.
11. The text is organized in the form of ________.
A. time and events
B. cause and effect
C. reasoning and argument
D. contrast and comparison
12. We can infer that the lobby groups (in Paragraph 4) are people who are ______.
A. scientists who give out false information because of carelessness
B. doctors who try to profit from patients who suffer from unhealthy food
C. workers who try to cheat customers for the benefits of food producers
D. agricultural technicians who are responsible for promoting new product
D
They may be teenagers,but 17-year-old Brittany Bull and 16-year-old Sesam Mngqengqiswa have grand ambitions—to launch Africa’s first private satellite into space.They are part of a team of high school girls from Cape Town,South Africa,who have designed and built equipment for a satellite that will orbit over the earth’s poles scanning Africa’s surface.
Once in space,the satellite will collect information on agriculture,and food security within the ing the data,“we can try to determine and predict the problems Africa will be facing in the future”,explains Bull,a student at Pelican Park High School.“Wh ere our food is growing,where we can plant more trees and vegetation and also how we can monitor remote areas,”she says.“We have a lot of forest fires and floods but we don’t always get out there in time.”Information received twice a day will go towards disaster prevention.
It’s part of a project by South Africa’s Meta Economic Development Organization(MEDO) working with Morehead State University in the US.
The girls (14 in total) are being trained by satellite engineers from Cape Peninsula University of Technology,in an effort to encourage more African women into STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics).
Scheduled to launch in May 2017,if successful,it will make MEDO the first private company in Africa to build a satellite and send it into orbit.
Mngqengqiswa comes from a single parent household. Her mother is a domestic worker.
By becoming a space engineer or astronaut,the teenager hopes to make her mother proud.“Discovering space and seeing the Earth’s atmosphere,it’s not something many black Africans have been able to do,or get the opportunity to look at.I want to see and experience these things for myself,”says Mngqengqiswa.
Her team mate Bull agrees,“I want to show to fellow girls that we don’t need to sit around or limit ourselves.Any career is possible—even aerospace.”
13.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. Information provided by the satellite.
B. The benefits brought by the satellite.
C. Problems African agriculture faces.
D. The way the satellite collects information.
14.Why are the experts teaching the girls satellite technology?
A. To turn them into good farmers.
B. To help African women to live better.
C. To train employees for a private company.
D. To attract more African women to sci-tech fields.
15.What do you think of the girls in the text?
A. Ambitious and pioneering.
B. Generous and considerate.
C. Independent and modest.
D. Brave and tolerant.
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(温度计)for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. _____16____. We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we don’t f eel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever.
We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.
Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.
Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide._____17_____ .
The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水银)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid ) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts(收缩). That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube._____18______.
First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap ; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw through the nail hole.
______19______.
Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water lever easily.
______20____.
As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water lever in the straw each morning for a week.
A．We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily
lives.
B．Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are
heated or cooled.
C．Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.
D．The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise
even higher.
E．They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at
32 degrees and boils at
212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100degrees.
F．Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is
struck into the cap to seal（把..粘住) them together.
G．People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.
第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was raining. I went into a caféand asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting
for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place, but I sensed 22 .
I saw their bodies, but I couldn't feel their souls 23 their souls belonged
to the 24 .
I stood up and walked between the tables. When I came to the biggest computer,
I saw a thin, small man 25 in front of it. "I'm Steve", he finally answered after I asked him a couple of times what his name was. "I can't talk with you. I'm 26 ", he said. He was chatting online with somebody--probably someone he didn't know--and, at the same time, he was playing a computer game--a war game. I was surprised. He was chatting online and, 27 , he was playing a computer game—a war game.
I was 28 .
Why didn't Steve want to talk with me? I tried 29 to speak to that computer geek (怪人), 30 not a word came out of his mouth. I touched his shoulder, but no reaction. I was 31 . I put my hand in front of the monitor, and he started
to shout, " 32 !" I took a few steps back, wondering if all those people in the café were looking at me. I 33 , and saw nobody showed any interest.
34 , I realized that the people there were having a nice conversation with their machines, not with people. They were more 35 having a relationship with the 36 , particularly Steve. I wouldn't want to 37 the future of human beings if they preferred sharing their lives with machines 38 with people.
I was worried and I sank in my thoughts. I didn't even 39 that the coffee was bad, 40 Steve didn't notice there was a person next to him.
21．A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While
22．A．pain B．loneliness C．sadness D．fear 23．A．because B．when C．until D．unless 24．A．home B．world C．Net D．Cafe 25．A．sleeping B．laughing C．sitting D．learning 26．A．busy B．thirsty C．tired D．sick
27．A．first of all B．just then C．at the same time D．by that time 28．A．surprised B．delighted C．moved D．frightened 29．A．once B．again C．first D．even
30．A．but B．so C．if D．or
31．A．excited B．respected C．afraid D．unhappy 32．A．Shut up B．Enjoy yourself C．Leave me alone
D．Help me out
33．A．walked about B．walked out C．raised my hand D．raised my head 34．A．From then on B．At that moment C．In all D．Above all
35． A．interested in B．tired of C．careful about D．troubled by 36．A．computer B．soul C．shop D．geek
37．A．tell B．plan C．imagine D．design 38．A．other than B．instead of C．except for D．as well as 39．A．pretend B．understand C．insist D．realize
40．A．as if B．just as C．just after D．even though
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1。
5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单
词）。
Plovdiv is situated in south-central Bulgaria on the two banks of the Maritsa River. The city has historically developed on seven hills, some of 41 are 250m (820.21 ft) high. Because of these hills, Plovdiv is 42 ( typical) referred
to in Bulgaria as “The city of the Seven Hills”. Plovdiv’s history 43 ( date)
back to 6000 BC. Though originally it was 44 Thracian city, Plovidiv has been
ruled by many empires over centuries. Later it 45 (conquer) by the Romans.
Only in 1885 did the city become part of Bulgaria. Nowadays it’s the second 46 (large) city in Bulgaria and it’s a significant economic, educational and cultural center..
Plovdiv remains a popular 47 (choose) for vacation travel. I have been obsessed with the city 48 years. Last summer I was lucky 49 (spend)
a couple of days in this city and I just fell in love with its narrow paved streets
and neat beautiful house! The Old Town is definitely worthy 50 (see). It is overwhelmed with restaurants, workshops and museums that were previously famous houses.
第三部分: 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节: 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下列短文中共有10处语言错误，找出并改正。
每句中最多有两处错。
每处错误仅涉及一
个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Fang Tong is 34 years old, an actor, director and teacher of Beijing Opera
Theatre. Most of
his students are from other part of China and have come to Beijing at a very young age of sixteen or
seventeen. He hopes create an environment for his students that it is much more relaxing than the one he
used to study in. He thought that an actor should relax himself when performing. Yet his students deep
respect him and he never needs to raise his voice in order to be hearing. For his opinion, actors should go
on even when they feel they have made mistake in their performances because the moment is already
gone but people can never be back to it. So art is always changing and developing.
笫二节: 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你叫王玲，今年参加了某大学自主招生。
这所大学要求考生用英语写一封申请信，请按下面提示写一封英语申请信。
内容包括：
1.个人情况
2. 个人条件
3. 申请此大学原因
注意：1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好，不计入总数。
2.可是当增加细节，以行文连贯。
Dear Dean,
My name is Wang Ling. I’ve learned that your university will admit students in advance.
20192019-1学期月考试高三英语
（参考答案）
阅读理解: A----ACB B----BBADC C----CDBC D----BDA
七选五: AECFD
完形填空: 21----25 DB A C C 26----30 A C A B A
31----35 D C D B A 36----40 A C B D B
语法填空: 41. which 42. typically 43. dates 44. a 45. was conquered
rgest 47. choice 48.for 49. to spend 50. to be seen / of
being seen
短文改错：part- parts ； a-the ；hope∧to；去掉it ； thought-thinks ；
deep-deeply ； hearing-heard ； For-In ； mistake-mistakes 或在
mistake前加a ； but-and
书面表达（范文）：
Dear Dean,
My name is Wang Ling. I’ve learned that your university will admit students in advance.
With a great longing to enter your school, I’d like to make this application.
I am a girl of 18 at Hongxing High School. I do well in every subject, especially in English.
I ever won the first prize in the National English Spoken Contest for the high school students. Deeply interested in your school, which enjoys a high reputation and beautiful campus, I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in your university. If you could give me a chance , I’ll be very grateful.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours Truly Wang Ling。
