七年级英语之-- 方位介词

方位介词（七年级下）【方位介词】总结第一组：over, above和on的用法1）over指在…的正上方，表示垂直在上。

如:There is a lamp over the desk.2)above指在上方，属于斜上方。

如：Raise your arms above your head.3)on指在上面，表示两物体接触。

如：There is a cup on the table.第二组：under / below的用法：1) under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk?2) below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees.练习：( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east____ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on ( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above第三组：in 和on表示“在……上”1，门一类——镶嵌在墙里的，用in，字画一类——挂在墙面上的，用on( ) 1 He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it.A. on; onB. at; inC. on; inD. on; at( ) 2 There is a door___ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D.in( ) 3 Any man ___ eyes______ his head can see that he's exactly like a rope.A. with; onB. with; inC. on; withD. in; with2，鸟一类落在树上的，用in；苹果一类长在树上的，用on( ) 1 There are some birds singing___ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from ( ) 2 There are so many apples___ that tree. A. in B, on C. at D. from第四组：in /on/ to表示“接壤”( ) 1 The United States is ____ the south of Canada and ___ the east of Japan.A. to; inB. on; toC. in; besideD. at; on( ) 2 The man stood____the window, watching the boys playing outside.A. inB. byC. withD. to( ) 3 Japan lies____ the east of China.A. on B/ to C. in D. with第五组：at, in表示“在……”1)at表示较小的地点。

初中方位介词英语English:In English, prepositions are used to indicate direction or location. For the cardinal directions (north, south, east, west), we typically use prepositions such as "to," "from," "in," "on," or "at" to describe where something is located in relation to these directions. For example, we might say "The school is to the north of the park," "I'm traveling from the east," or "The library is on the west side of town." Additionally, prepositions like "between" and "among" can be used to describe positions between two or more directions, such as "The supermarket is between the post office and the bank" or "She lives among thehills to the south." It's important to remember that prepositions are crucial for providing specific details about direction and location in English.中文翻译：在英语中，介词用于表示方向或位置。

七年级英语之-- 方位介词图示“方位”介词介词的种类很多。

在初中英语中，有许多表示事物存在的方向和位置的介词，我们称之为方位介词。

如in（在……里），behind (在……后面)，down (向下)等等。

其中有些方位介词的意义比较接近，在用法上很难区分，如on, over, above 都有“在……之上”的意思，但含义却不尽相同。

我们可以用三个图示配以简短的文字叙述来说明这三个介词的不同用法。

on overabove通过这种方法，我们很容易掌握这三个介词的用法。

现将初中英语教材中的部分方位介词用图示(强调与物体的表面相接触)资料赠送以下资料考试知识点技巧大全一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。

科学研究证实,虽然大脑的重量只占人体重量的2%-3%,但大脑消耗的能量却占食物所产生的总能量的20%,它的能量来源靠葡萄糖氧化过程产生。

据医学文献记载,一个健康的青少年学生30分钟用脑,血糖浓度在120毫克/100毫升,大脑反应快,记忆力强；90分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至80毫克/100毫升，大脑功能尚正常；连续120分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至60毫克/100毫升，大脑反应迟钝，思维能力较差。

我们中考、高考每一科考试时间都在2小时或2小时以上且用脑强度大，这样可引起低血糖并造成大脑疲劳，从而影响大脑的正常发挥，对考试成绩产生重大影响。

因此建议考生，在用脑60分钟时，开始补饮25%浓度的葡萄糖水100毫升左右，为一个高效果的考试加油。

二、考场记忆“短路”怎么办呢？对于考生来说，掌握有效的应试技巧比再做题突击更为有效。

1.草稿纸也要逐题顺序写草稿要整洁，草稿纸使用要便于检查。

不要在一大张纸上乱写乱画，东写一些，西写一些。

打草稿也要像解题一样，一题一题顺着序号往下写。

最好在草稿纸题号前注上符号，以确定检查侧重点。

为了便于做完试卷后的复查，草稿纸一般可以折成4-8块的小方格，标注题号以便核查，保留清晰的分析和计算过程。

一、方位介词的用法英语中，当要表示某人或某物在某地时，通常要借助于方位介词。

方位介词不能单独充当句子成分，必须与其他词或短语构成介词短语放在be动词或其他动词后面作表语或状语等，也可放在名词后作定语。

下面我们来看一下本单元学到的三个方位介词。

1. on意为＂在……上＂，表示一个物体在另一个物体的表面上。

►on the sofa在沙发上►on my desk在我的课桌上►on the table在桌子上►on the wall在墙上►The book is on the shelf.那本书在架子上。

►The cup is on the table.杯子在桌子上。

on, above与over这三个方位介词都含有＂在……上＂的意思，但也有不同之处。

The desks are on the floor.on 表示A物体与B物体表面接触。

书桌在地板上。

above表示A物体位置高于B物体，但不一定在其正上方，也不接触B物体。

He lifted his hands above his head. 他将双手举过头顶。

over表示A物体在B物体的垂直正上方，多暗指悬空。

The kite is right over the house. 风筝在房子的上方。

2. in意为＂在……里面＂，指的是一个物体在另一个物体的内部。

►in the room 在房间里►in the box 在盒子里►in her backpack 在她的背包里►The dictionary is in the schoolbag.字典在书包里。

►My pen is in the pencil box.我的钢笔在铅笔盒里。

(1)be in 在家，相当于be at home，常用于打电话。

►—Hello. This is Mary. Is Lucy in?您好，我是玛丽，露西在家吗？—Sorry, she’s at school.对不起，她在学校。

(2)in＋颜色/衣物，表示＂穿着；戴着＂。

my home英语作文方位介词初一全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My HomeMy home is located in a small village in the countryside. It is surrounded by lush green fields and tall trees, creating a peaceful and serene environment. The house itself is a quaint little cottage with a thatched roof and white picket fence.As you approach my home, you will see a beautiful garden on the right side of the house. It is filled with colorful flowers, fragrant herbs, and various vegetables that my family grows. There is also a small pond in the garden, where we have a few fish swimming lazily.Upon entering the house, you will find yourself in the living room. It is a cozy space with comfortable furniture and a fireplace that we use during the winter months. The walls are adorned with family photos and paintings that we have collected over the years.To the left of the living room is the kitchen. It is a spacious area with modern appliances and a large dining table where wegather for meals. The kitchen is always filled with delicious aromas as my mother loves to cook and bake.On the second floor of the house are the bedrooms. There are three bedrooms in total – one for my parents, one for my younger brother, and one for me. Each room is decorated according to our individual tastes and personalities.At the back of the house is a small patio where we often have BBQs and gatherings with friends and family. The patio overlooks a vast expanse of fields and provides a stunning view of the sunset.My home may not be big or grand, but it is filled with love, warmth, and happy memories. It is a place where I feel safe and cared for, surrounded by the people I love. I am truly grateful for my home and the sense of belonging it gives me.篇2My HomeMy home is a place where I feel safe, comfortable, and happy. It is located in a quiet neighborhood in the suburb of our city. It is a two-story house with a garden in the front and a backyard where we have a small vegetable patch.As you enter our house, you will find a cozy living room on the left and a dining room on the right. The living room is furnished with a comfortable sofa, a coffee table, and a TV where my family and I spend most of our time together. The dining room has a large dining table where we have our meals and family gatherings.Upstairs, there are three bedrooms and a bathroom. My bedroom is the one facing the backyard, and it has a big window overlooking the garden. I have decorated it with my favorite posters and photos, making it my personal space where I can relax and unwind.Outside, our garden is filled with flowers and trees. We have a swing set where my siblings and I used to play when we were younger. In the backyard, we have a small vegetable patch where we grow tomatoes, carrots, and other vegetables. It is a great source of fresh produce for our meals.My home is not just a physical place but also a place filled with memories and emotions. It is where I feel loved, supported, and cared for. I am grateful for the warmth and comfort that my home provides, and I know that no matter where I go in life, my home will always be my sanctuary.篇3My HomeMy home is located in the suburb of a bustling city. It is a cozy two-story house with a beautiful garden in the front yard. My family and I have lived here for many years, and we have grown to love every corner of this place.As you enter the house, the living room is on the left. It is a spacious and bright room with a comfortable sofa, a coffee table, and a large television. The walls are decorated with family photos and paintings that add a personal touch to the room. In the corner, there is a big window that overlooks the garden, allowing natural light to flood the room during the day.Moving towards the back of the house, there is awell-equipped kitchen where my mom loves to experiment with new recipes. The smell of freshly baked goods often wafts through the house, making everyone’s mouth water. Just outside the kitchen, there is a dining area where we gather for meals and share stories from our day.Upstairs, there are three bedrooms. My room is the smallest, but it is cozy and filled with all my favorite things - books, posters, and a big fluffy bed. I love spending time in my room,especially during rainy days when I can curl up with a good book and listen to the soothing sound of rain outside.The master bedroom is spacious with a large bed, a walk-in closet, and an attached bathroom. It is my parents’ sanctuary, where they can unwind after a long day at work. The third bedroom is a guest room, but it is rarely used as we don’t have guests over very often.Outside, the garden is my favorite spot in the house. It is filled with colorful flowers, fruit trees, and a small vegetable patch. I love spending time in the garden, especially during the weekends when I can help my mom tend to the plants or simply relax on the swing under the shade of a tree.My home is not just a place where we live; it is a sanctuary where we can be ourselves, create memories, and find comfort. Every room, every corner has a story to tell, and I am grateful for the warmth and love that fills this house. I may not have a big mansion or a fancy apartment, but my home is where my heart is, and that’s all that matters.。

方位介词英语表达1. At - 在（某一点）- The post office is at the corner of the street. 2. On - 在（某物表面或线上）- The book is on the table.3. In - 在（内部或空间内）- The keys are in the drawer.4. Above - 在（正上方）- The plane is flying above the clouds.5. Below - 在（正下方）- The basement is below the ground floor.6. Over - 在（垂直上方，不一定正上方）- The bridge is over the river.7. Under- 在（垂直下方，不一定正下方）- The cat is under the bed.8. Between - 在（两者之间）- The park is between the school and the library.9. Beside - 在（旁边）- The chair is beside the window.10. Behind - 在（后面）- The garden is behind the house.11. In front of - 在（前面）- The bus stop is in front of the bank. 12. Next to - 紧邻（旁边）- My office is next to the conference room.13. Near - 接近（附近）- The supermarket is near the train station.14. Far from - 远离（较远的地方）- The village is far from the city.15. Towards - 朝着（方向）- She is walking towards the entrance. 16. Away from - 离开（方向）- They drove away from the city center.。

方位介词英语方位介词的英语是prepositions of place，prepositions或position preposition。

英语中表示事物存在的方向和位置的介词被称为方位介词。

preposition英[?pr?p??z???n] 美[?pr?p??z???n]n. 介词例句There is nothing in the rules of grammar to suggest that ending a sentence with a preposition is wrong.语法规则中没有规定句子以介词结尾是错误的。

place英[ple?s] 美[ple?s]n. 住所；座位；场所；地方；名次；社会地位；位；职位常用短语1. the place where 的地方2. place of birth 出生地3. place of work 工作地点4. at sb#39;s place 在某人家5. to lose your place 找不到读到哪里；忘了看到哪儿6. to put sth back in its place 把某物放回原位7. to occupy an important place in sth 在中占有重要地位8. to put sth in place 使就位；部署9. to take second place to sth 让位于例句The place where I am standing is only 300 metres from the site of the crash.我站的地方离撞车地点只有300米。

We were looking for a place to camp.我们在寻找一个露营的地方。

My father was in the army, so we moved from place to place when I was growing up.我父亲以前在军队工作，因此从小到大我们总是不停地搬家。

一、方位介词1. at表示\"在......处\"，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。

He isn't at school. He is at home.2. in表示\"在......内部；在......里面\"的意思。

What is in the box? 盒子里有什么？3. on表示\"在某物的上面\"，但两者互相接触。

My books are on that table. 我的书在那张桌子上。

4.above在....上方。

指两者既不垂直也不接触（反义词below)Many birds are flying above the woods.许多鸟在树林上飞。

5. under表示"在某物垂直的正下方"，两者之间不接触。

My cat is under my chair. 我的猫在我的椅子下。

6. behind表示"在某物体的后面"。

The boy is behind the door. 男孩在门后。

7 in front of表示\"在......的前面\"，正好与behind相反。

如：There are some big trees in front of our classroom. 我们教室前面有几棵大树。

8. near表示\"在某物体的附近\"，意为"接近、靠近。

The ball is near the door. 球在门旁边。

介词in, on, under, behind是表示静态位置的介词。

初一英语方位介词一、方位介词1、at表示\"在、、、、、、处\"，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。

He isnt at school、 He is at home、2、 in表示\"在、、、、、、内部；在、、、、、、里面\"的意思。

W hat is in the box? 盒子里有什么？3、 on表示\"在某物的上面\"，但两者互相接触。

My books are on that table、我的书在那张桌子上。

4、above在、、、、上方。

指两者既不垂直也不接触（反义词below)Many birds are flying above the woods、许多鸟在树林上飞。

5、 under表示"在某物垂直的正下方"，两者之间不接触。

My cat is under my chair、我的猫在我的椅子下。

6、 behind表示"在某物体的后面"。

T he boy is behind the door、男孩在门后。

7 in front of表示\"在、、、、、、的前面\"，正好与behind相反。

如：There are some big trees in front of our classroom、我们教室前面有几棵大树。

8、 near表示\"在某物体的附近\"，意为"接近、靠近。

T he ball is near the door、球在门旁边。

介词in, on, under, behind是表示静态位置的介词。

二、常见方位介词短语（一）、由介词in构成的方位介词短语1、in the front 在前面2、in the front row 在前排3、in the back row 在后排4、in the third row 在第三排5、in front of、、、在、、、前面（范围之外）6、in the front of、、、在、、、前部（范围之内）7、in the middle在中间8、in the street在街上9、in the middle of、、、在中间10、in the tree在树上（指飞鸟等外来物）（二）、由介词at构成的方位介词短语1、at the front of、、、在、、、所在范围的前一部分2、at the back of、、、在、、、所在范围的后一部分3、at the foot of、、、在、、、脚下4、at the top of、、、在、、、顶部5、at the end of、、、在、、、尽头6、at the head of、、、在、、、前头7、at the（school）gate在（校）门口8、at the station 在车站9、at No、2 Chang’an Road在长安路2号10、at my uncle’s 在我叔叔家11、at home在家12、at the doctor’s在医务室/在诊所（三）、由介词on构成的方位介词短语1、on the right/left在右（左）边2、on one’s right/left在某人的右（左）边3、on the desk/table在课桌/桌上4、on the right-hand/left-hand side在右/左手边5、on the blackboard在黑板上6、on/in the wall在墙上/里7、on the paper在纸上8、on the tree在树上（指树上长的，结的东西）三、其它介词构成的方位介词短语1、next to靠近/贴近2、beside the desk在课桌旁3、behind the door在门后4、under the bed在床下5、near the window靠近窗户6、outside the gate在门外。

初中英语语法总结：⽅位介词（有答案）初中英语语法总结：⽅位介词表⽰地点的介词in、on、behind、next to、near、over、under(1). in在……⾥⾯：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌⾥。

(2). on在……上⾯：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

(3). under在……下⾯/正下⽅：What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？(4). over在……正上⽅：There is a shelf over the table. 桌⼦上⽅有⼀个书架。

(5). above 在……斜上⽅：Raise your arms above your head.(6). below 在……斜下⽅：Her skirt came below her knees.(7).behind在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有⼀辆⾃⾏车。

(8).next to在……旁边：There is a café next to the barber's. 理发店隔壁是⼀家咖啡馆。

(9).near在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

(10).by 在……旁：He was sitting by the window.第⼀组：over, above和on的⽤法1）over指在…的正上⽅，表⽰垂直在上。

如:There is a lamp over the desk.2)above指在上⽅，属于斜上⽅。

如：Raise your arms above your head.3)on指在上⾯，表⽰两物体接触。

如：There is a cup on the table.第⼆组：under / below的⽤法：1) under在……下⾯/正下⽅：What's under your desk?2) below 在……斜下⽅：Her skirt came below her knees.练习：( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge.A. throughB. belowC. underD. across( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city.A. throughB. overC. on D, below( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east____ the hill.A. underB. belowC. overD. on( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building.A. overB. crossC. onD. above参考答案C B B D第三组：in 和on表⽰“在……上”门⼀类——镶嵌在墙⾥的，⽤in字画⼀类——挂在墙⾯上的，⽤on( ) 1 He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at ( ) 2 There is a door___ the wall.A. onB. toC. ofD. in( ) 3 Any man ___ eyes______ his head can see that he's exactly like a rope.A. with; onB. with; inC. on; withD. in; with鸟⼀类落在树上的，⽤in；苹果⼀类长在树上的，⽤on( ) 1 There are some birds singing___ the trees.A. inB. onC. atD. from( ) 2 There are so many apples___ that tree.A. in B, on C. at D. from第四组：in /on/ to表⽰“接壤”第四组：in /on/ to表⽰“接壤”B A B AB 在A⾥——⽤in A和B相邻（接壤）——⽤onA BA和B不相邻（不接壤）——⽤to练习( ) 1 The United States is ____ the south of Canada and ___ the east of Japan.A. to; inB. on; toC. in; besideD. at; on( ) 2 The man stood ____the window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to ( ) 3 Japan lies____ the east of China.A. on B/ to C. in D. with参考答案B B B B第五组：at, in表⽰“在……”1)at表⽰较⼩的地点。

初中英语重难点之“方位”介词介词的种类很多。

在初中英语中，有许多表示事物存在的方向和位置的介词，我们称之为方位介词。

如in（在……里），behind (在……后面)，down (向下)等等。

其中有些方位介词的意义比较接近，在用法上很难区分，如on, over, above 都有“在……之上”的意思，但含义却不尽相同。

我们可以用三个图示配以简短的文字叙述来说明这三个介词的不同用法。

on(强调与物体的表面相接触)通过这种方法，我们很容易掌握这三个介词的用法。

现将初中英语教材中的部分方位介词用图示的方法归纳列举如下:几组方位介词的区别方位介词in, on, to的区别：1.in表示"在……范围内”，还表示“在…之中”Chongqing lies in the southwest of China.2.on表示“与……毗邻，接壤”Canada lies on the north of America.3.to表示方位，不接壤Hunan lies to the east of Zhejiang.表示地点位置的介词：1.at, in, on, toat 用于小地方，at school, at homeIn 用于大地方，in Beijing, in ChinaOn在……上面，on the map, on the table To到……To Chongqing2.Above, over, onAbove在……上方（高过另一个物体，不强调垂直）The airplane flies above that tall building.（不在正上方）over在……上方（垂直上方）The bridge spans over the river.On在……上面（物体表面有接触）There's some water on the floor, so you should be careful.3.Below, under在……下面Under在……下（正下方）The cat lies under the chair.（正下方）Below在……下（不一定是正下方）The cat lies under the chair.（不是正下方）4.in front of, in the front of 在……的前面in front of 在外部的前面，两个东西是独立的，相反的是behindThe building is in front of the hospital.The building is behind the hospital.In the front of在内部的前面，属于其中的一部分，相反的是at the back of The girl stands in the front of the classroom.The girl stands at the back of the classroom.5.Beside, near, byBeside在旁边Near在附近By在附近，非常靠近常见方位介词短语（一）、由介词in构成的方位介词短语1、in the front 在前面2、in the front row 在前排3、in the back row 在后排4、in the third row 在第三排5、in front of... 在...前面（范围之外）6、in the front of... 在...前部（范围之内）7、in the middle在中间8、in the street在街上9、in the middle of...在中间10、in the tree在树上（指飞鸟等外来物）（二）、由介词at构成的方位介词短语1、at the front of...在...所在范围的前一部分2、at the back of...在...所在范围的后一部分3、at the foot of...在...脚下4、at the top of...在...顶部5、at the end of...在...尽头6、at the head of...在...前头7、at the（school）gate在（校）门口8、at the station 在车站9、at No.2 Chang’an Road在长安路2号10、at my uncle’s 在我叔叔家11、at home在家12、at the doctor’s在医务室/在诊所（三）、由介词on构成的方位介词短语1、on the right/left在右（左）边2、on one’s right/left在某人的右（左）边3、on the desk/table在课桌/桌上4、on the right-hand/left-hand side在右/左手边5、on the blackboard在黑板上6、on/in the wall在墙上/里7、on the paper在纸上8、on the tree在树上（指树上长的，结的东西）三、其它介词构成的方位介词短语1、next to靠近/贴近2、beside the desk在课桌旁3、behind the door 在门后4、under the bed在床下5、near the window靠近窗户6、outside the gate 在门外。

语法总结：方位介词表示地点的介词in、on、behind、next to、near、over、under(1). in在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。

(2). on在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

(3). under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？(4). over在……正上方：There is a shelf over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。

(5). above 在……斜上方：Raise your arms above your head.(6). below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees.(7).behind在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车。

(8).next to在……旁边：There is a café next to the barber's. 理发店隔壁是一家咖啡馆。

(9).near在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

(10).by 在……旁：He was sitting by the window.第一组：over, above和on的用法1）over指在…的正上方，表示垂直在上。

如:There is a lamp over the desk.2)above指在上方，属于斜上方。

如：Raise your arms above your head.3)on指在上面，表示两物体接触。

如：There is a cup on the table.第二组：under / below的用法：1) under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk?2) below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees.练习：( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge.A. throughB. belowC. underD. across( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city.A. throughB. overC. on D, below( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east____ the hill.A. underB. belowC. overD. on( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building.A. overB. crossC. onD. above参考答案C B B D第三组：in 和on表示“在……上”门一类——镶嵌在墙里的，用in字画一类——挂在墙面上的，用on( ) 1 He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at( ) 2 There is a door___ the wall.A. onB. toC. ofD. in( ) 3 Any man ___ eyes______ his head can see that he's exactly like a rope.A. with; onB. with; inC. on; withD. in; with鸟一类落在树上的，用in；苹果一类长在树上的，用on( ) 1 There are some birds singing___ the trees.A. inB. onC. atD. from( ) 2 There are so many apples___ that tree.A. in B, on C. at D. from第四组：in /on/ to表示“接壤”第四组：in /on/ to表示“接壤”B A B AB 在A里——用in A和B相邻（接壤）——用on。

七年级语法常用方位介词和短语↑常用方位介词和短语1概念引入本单元学习介词＋定冠词the＋名词构成介词短语的用法，介词后面可以跟名词和代词做宾语，构成介词短语。

今天我们主要学习一下用来表示方位的介词和介词短语。

2用法讲解1. on介词on表示“在某物之上”的意思，它通常表示一个物体在另一个物体之表面上面。

两者之间有接触。

例如：Your book is on the desk. 你的书在课桌上面。

There is a ball on the floor. 地板上有个球。

拓展：above 和 over的区别on指的有接触面的上面，但是over和above都是没有接触面的上面。

over“在……正上方”，与under相对。

例如：There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。

The picture is hanging over the blackboard.那张图挂在黑板的正上方。

above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，不一定是正上方，与below相对。

例如：A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。

The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。

2. in介词in表示“在某物的里面”，它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的内部、中间或者在某个范围之内。

例如：Your pen is in the pencil case. 你的钢笔在铅笔盒里面。

She is the tallest in her class. 她是她们班最高的。

3. under介词under表示“在某物的下面”，它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的垂直正下面，两者之间没有接触。

例如：My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树的下面。

The shoes are under the chair. 鞋在椅子的下面。