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跨文化交际试题答案(附翻译)一、选择题1. 以下哪项不是跨文化交际的核心要素？A. 语言差异B. 文化差异C. 沟通技巧D. 民族风俗答案：D翻译：Which of the following is not a core element of intercultural communication?A. Linguistic differencesB. Cultural differencesC. Communication skillsD. Folk customs2. 跨文化交际中，以下哪项行为可能导致误解？A. 打招呼B. 鞠躬C. 直接拒绝D. 礼貌地表达意见翻译：In intercultural communication, which behavior may lead to misunderstandings?A. GreetingB. BowingC. Direct refusalD. Politely expressing opinions二、填空题1. 跨文化交际中的文化差异主要体现在____、____、____等方面。
答案：价值观、行为规范、语言使用翻译：The cultural differences in intercultural communication are mainly reflected in values, behavioral norms, and language use.2. 跨文化交际能力包括____、____、____等方面。
答案：知识、技能、态度翻译：Intercultural communication competence includes knowledge, skills, and attitudes.三、简答题1. 简述跨文化交际的重要性。
跨文化交际在全球化背景下具有重要意义。
以下是跨文化交际的重要性：（1）促进国际交流与合作：跨文化交际有助于不同国家和地区的人们相互了解，增进友谊，促进国际合作。
1. 国际汉语教学环境不仅是多元文化的分享空间，也是培养师生跨文化交际能力的训练场。
A. 对B. 错答案：对2. 课堂讨论是中高级国际汉语课堂经常采用的练习形式，话题的选择很重要，最好不要涉及文化核心价值观，如宗教、政治等。
A. 对B. 错答案：对3. 在海外进行国际汉语教学时，即使当地文化价值观与正常教学秩序冲突，也应该顺应当地的文化价值观。
A. 对B. 错答案：错4. 当学生批评中国文化中的一些现象时，国际汉语教师应该立即提出反驳，为中国文化辩护。
A. 对B. 错答案：错5. 国际汉语教师的责任主要是介绍与讲解中国文化，所以应该专注于了解自己的文化，而不是了解学生的国家的文化。
A. 对B. 错答案：错6. 不管在哪个国家任教，教师都应该严肃而严格，树立自己的权威形象。
A. 对B. 错答案：错7. 当来自不同国家的学生就某一问题在课堂上产生文化冲突时，教师应该立即打断并就此回避这一问题，以免矛盾升级。
A. 对B. 错答案：错8. 文化教学最简单有效的方法是教师进行讲解。
A. 对B. 错答案：错9. 在语言课堂上进行文化教学，会挤占学生进行语言技能训练的时间，所以应该越少越好。
A. 对B. 错答案：错10. 与语言学习和交际密切相关的文化因素应该是汉语教学中文化教学的主要内容。
A. 对B. 错答案：对11. 在进行国际汉语教学时，汉语教师应该帮助学生掌握汉语的语用规约，学会地道的中国人的社会交往方式。
A. 对B. 错答案：对12. 国际汉语教师作为中国人，熟悉自己的文化，因此他们对中国文化的解释具有权威性，无需参考外国人对中国文化的观察视角。
A. 对B. 错答案：错13. 中国电影电视中那些优秀的作品有助于外国人正确了解中国，适合作为文化教学的资源。
A. 对B. 错答案：对14. 组织文化活动的根本目的是充分地向汉语学习者展示博大精深的中国文化。
A. 对B. 错答案：错15. 在国内的对外汉语课堂上组织小组活动时，教师应尽量把不同国家的学生分在一组，以淡化他们自己的文化意识，更好地融入中国文化。
《跨文化沟通》复习范围一、单项选择题（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）二、判断题（本题共10小题，每题1分，共10分。
）三、论述题（本题共两小题，一题25分，共50分）复习范围：1、文化的两个常用比喻文化洋葱说：表层文化：我们平时能观察到的东西中层文化：指的是一个社会的规范和价值观核心文化：是一个社会共同的关于人为什么存在的假设，它触及到该社会的中人们最根深蒂固不容置疑的东西。
比如美国核心文化最重要的一部分是人人平等，但印度人生来不平等是根深蒂固的观念。
某一社会的人视为理所当然的事情，却很难被生活在另一个社会中的人所完全理解。
2、文化习俗小测试1、在日本，喝汤时发出很大吮吸的声音会被认为是（ B ）A、粗鲁而讨厌的B、你喜欢这种汤的表现C、在家里不要紧，在公共场所则不要D、只有外国人才这样做2、在拉丁美洲，管理者（A ）A、一般会雇佣自己家族的成员B、认为雇佣自己家族成员是不合适C、强调雇佣少数特殊员工的重要性D、通常雇佣比实际工作所需更多的员工3、马来西亚的主要宗教是（D ）A、佛教B、犹太教C、基督教D、伊斯兰教4、在泰国（A ）A、男性之间挽手同行很常见B、男女之间在公共场所挽手很常见C、男女同行是很粗鲁的举止D、传统上男性和女性在街上遇见会互相轻吻5、在印度，进食时恰当的举止是（D ）A、用右手取食物，用左手吃B、用左手取食物，用右手吃C、取食物和吃都用左手D、取食物和吃都用右手6、美国在墨西哥工作的企业管理者发现，通过给墨西哥个人增加工资，他们会（C ）A、增加工人愿意工作的时间长度B、诱使更多工人加夜班C、减少工人愿意工作的时间长度D、降低生产率7、在一些南美国家，出席社交约会怎样才是正常，可接受（C ）A、提前10～15分钟B、迟到10～15分钟C、迟到15分钟到一个小时D、迟到1～2个小时8、在西欧，当送礼送花时，不要送（C ）A、郁金香和长寿花B、雏菊和丁香C、菊花和马蹄莲D、丁香和苹果花9、在沙特阿拉伯，一个从事商业工作的男性行政官恰当的送礼方式是（D ）A、托一个男人把礼物送给妻子B、当面把礼物送给妻子中最宠爱的一个C只送礼物给排行最长的妻子D、根本不送礼物给妻子10、如果你想送领带或围巾给一个拉丁美洲人，最好不要送（ B ）A、红色的B、紫色的C、绿色的D、黑色的11、德国办公室和家里的门通常是( D )A、打敞着，表示接受和欢迎朋友和陌生人B、微开着，显示进门前要先敲门C、半开着，显示一些人是受欢迎的，而另一些人是不受欢迎D、紧闭着，为了保护隐私和个人空间12、在越南，当你觉得自己在生意往来中被利用了，重要的是要（ C ）A、在表情而不是言语中表现出自己的愤怒B、说自己很生气，但是面部表情保持很镇定C、不以任何方式表现出自己的愤怒D、立即结束这交易，转身离开13、在印度，当一个出租车司机左右摇头时，他的意思可能是（C ）A、他觉得你出的价钱太高了B、他不想去你要去的地点C、他会带你去你要去的地方D、他不懂你在问什么14、在英国，手背朝向对方，食指和中指做成V字型（D ）A、表示和平的手势B、表示胜利的手势C、表示某样东西你想要两分D、粗鄙的手势3、跨文化理论：①六大价值取向理论：美国人类学家克拉克洪与乔斯贝克提出●对人性的看法人们对自身与外部自然环境的看法人们对自身与他人关系的看法●人的活动导向人的空间观念人的时间观念②文化维度理论：至今最具影响力的一个理论，由荷兰管理学者郝夫斯特提出。
【最新编排】---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 学习记录00１－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１. Can you give a brief definition of Cross-cultural Communication?Cross-cultural communication refers to the different cultural backgrounds of communication between individuals, that is, people from different cultural backgrounds of the interaction between what happened. In recent years, it is caused most people's attention. In China, the language teachers to show great interest, reflecting the changes of the times and demands, has attracted people from the perspective of cross-cultural education of foreign language teaching in-depth thinking.２. List some important terms you have learned in this Unit. Make sure you understand what each of them refer to and how they may affect cross cultural communication.１.People?who?know?about?art,?music and?literature?are?cultured....２.To?an?anthropologist?the?word?culture?means?all?the?ways?in?which?a?group?of?people?act,?dress,?think,?and?feel.?3.People?have?to?learn?the?cultural?ways?of?their community:they?are?not?something?that?the?people?in?the?group?are?born?with.From Intellectual PerspectiveFrom Anthropologic PerspectiveFrom Social PerspectiveFrom Psychological PerspectiveFrom Intercultural Communication PerspectiveCulture Is LearnedCulture Is a Set of Shared InterpretationsCulture Involves Beliefs, Values, and NormsCulture Affects BehaviorsCulture Involves Large Groups of People学习记录00２－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１.Can you give a brief definition of culture shock?Provide two examples of culture shock, please.Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation〔迷茫〕that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. Many things contribute to it－ smells, sounds, flavors, the very feeling of the air one is breathing. Of course, the natives' unfamiliar language and behavior contribute to it, too. People's response to culture shock vary greatly, from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal, depression, physical illness, and hostility. A particular individual might react to culture shock one way one day and another the next.The notion of culture shock calls two useful points to mind. First, most people experience some degree of culture shock when they go to a new country, whether they admit it to themselves and others or not. Culture shock is more a product of the situation of being in a new culture than it is of the traveler's personal character.Second, culture shock, like other kinds of "shock", is normally transitory. It passes with time.Academic analysts(学术分析家) of the culture shock idea point out that the experience of culture shock need not be negative. While there may be some unhappiness and unpleasantness along with the confusion and disorientation, the confusion and disorientation are necessary steps in learning about a new culture. If everything in the new place is just like home, no learning will come from being there.总分值：50２. List some important terms you have learned in this Unit. Make sure you understand what each of them refer to and how they may affect cross cultural communication.This general business strategy becomes increasingly important when dealing with businesses across cultures. Get on their website, check out their promotional material. Get a feel for the atmosphere, attitude, and angle that the business has. Many cultural factors are passed down from the societal level to businesses. However, each organization will have its own culture, personality, and way of doing things 在线自测１－、单项选择题〔共１0 道试题，共 70 分.〕１. Xiao Wang meets Peter at the airport and says to him: "Morning, Peter!" In this case, the source of information is ________ .A.Xiao WangB. PeterC. the airportD. "Morning, Peter!"正确答案：A 总分值：7 得分：未判分２. There are two kinds of cross-cultural communication: unilateral communication and _________.A. successful communicationB. verbal communicationC. bilateral communicationD. unsuccessful communication正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分3. Utterance meaning in a face-to-face communication refers to _________.A. what the speaker has intended to convey in what is saidB. what what is said normally meansC. what the hearer has understood on the basis of what is saidD. the associative meaning words have正确答案：B 总分值：7 得分：未判分4. When we are in a social gathering, we must be aware of the rules and procedures that govern the way things are going to proceed. These rules and procedures are technically called _________.A. anecdotesB. goalsC. gesturesD. schema (schemas)正确答案：D 总分值：7 得分：未判分5. Which doesn't belong to the group in a cross-cultural situation? _________.A. Head movementsB. Social valuesC. Facial expressionsD. Body contact正确答案：B 总分值：7 得分：未判分6. When you are invited for a western meal, you're offered a second helping but you have already had enough. What would you say? "_________"A. Oh, thanks. That tastes awful.B. No, I don't want that.C. No, I don't like it.D. That was delicious but I've already had plenty, thanks.正确答案：D 总分值：7 得分：未判分7. Most Americans see themselves as separate _________, not as representatives of a family, community or other group.A. independenceB. individualsC. customersD. cultures正确答案：B 总分值：7 得分：未判分8. It is right to ask children or teenagers their age. But it is not normally _________ in English speaking societies to ask an adult their age - and never a woman!A. considerateB. inappropriateC. impoliteD. polite正确答案：D 总分值：7 得分：未判分9. The American child is nurtured to be _________, to be able to do whatever he could by himself, ever since he was born.A. independentB. good-lookingC. obedientD. private正确答案：A 总分值：7 得分：未判分１0. One way of talking about the different stages in getting used to life in a new country is the distinction of euphoria, depression, _________ and acceptance.A. criticismB. admirationC. adjustmentD. shock正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分二、判断题〔共 5 道试题，共 30 分.〕１. In face-to-face communication, non-verbal signals are not as important as verbal messages.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分２. When we Chinese refer to something about ourselves or related to us, we tend to elevate them.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分3. When you phone to tell your friend something, you are the source of information.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分4. Culture shock is a term used to describe the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, disorientation, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within an entirely different cultural or social environment, such as a different country or a differentstate than where they live.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分5. Chinese people tend to say things like "No, not really" when they are asked "Are you hungry?" in the host family.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分学习记录004－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１. Please give a brief summary of the main ideas of Unit 4. NO need to write in too many details, ONLY the key aspects..What Chinese values does li ming's response to praise of his abilities show?２.What Chinese habits does wang hong's response show when others make complimentary comments on his purchases ?总分值：50 得分：3２评价：２. List some important terms you have learned in this Unit. Make sure you understand what each of them refer to and how they may affect cross cultural communication.Within the business context, cross cultural communication refers to interpersonal communication and interaction across different cultures. This has become an important issue in our age of globalisation and internationalisation. Effective cross cultural communication is concerned with overcoming cultural differences across nationality, religion, borders, culture and behaviour.Cross cultural communication is critical to the business world. The diversity of people in cities and countries means an element of cross cultural communication will always be needed whether it is between staff, colleagues, customers or clients. Awareness of cultural differences can favourably impact the success of a business. Improved staff interaction, better customer relations and effective client management are all areas that will reap benefits through cross cultural understanding.Although cross cultural communication competency can only be truly achieved through cross cultural awareness training, language acquisition, foreign travel and cultural immersion (文化融合，渗透) there are some guidelines that can enhance your cross cultural communication skills在线自测２－、单项选择题〔共１0 道试题，共 70 分.〕１. The _________ of a person is his or her family name.A. given nameB. middle nameC. surnameD. initials正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分２. English surnames can show various sorts of information about people, including the place a person is from, the job he has, family relationships, ethnic identity and personal _________.A. considerationB. knowledgeC. politenessD. characteristics正确答案：D 总分值：7 得分：未判分3. Nowadays in England, people usually call each other _________.A. Sir or MadamB. by their first nameC. Mr, Mrs, Miss, or MsD. by their last name正确答案：B 总分值：7 得分：未判分4. Unlike in China, the kin terms used for relatives do not distinguish between _________ relatives in Britain.A. internal and externalB. old and youngC. maternal and paternalD. male and female正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分5. In America _________ is the collective informal term for addressing a group of friends.A. guysB. girlsC. boysD. mates正确答案：A 总分值：7 得分：未判分6. In China nowadays a lot of people are getting used to sharing the cost of the meal equally between them, _________, as we say.A. to buy a roundB. to foot the billC. to go DutchD. to go to Dutch正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分7. In the West, it is regarded polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express _________.A. greedinessB. misunderstandingC. gratitudeD. appreciation正确答案：D 总分值：7 得分：未判分8. Guests invited to dinner in the West frequently bring _________ of wine.A. only one bottleB. two bottlesC. a dozen bottlesD. a pack正确答案：A 总分值：7 得分：未判分9. We Chinese are brought up to initially refuse friendly offers to demonstrate ______ in seeming not to wish to put our host to any trouble.A. invitationB. traditionC. politenessD. personality正确答案：C 总分值：7 得分：未判分１0. Normally, when hearing compliments, a typical Chinese reaction is to show _________.A. disagreement and angerB. modesty and humilityC. enjoyment and prideD. pride and gratitude正确答案：B 总分值：7 得分：未判分二、判断题〔共 5 道试题，共 30 分.〕１. In work places, it is quite common to see people use their initials when they make any changes to a document they are reviewing.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分２. English family names have always been there since the beginning of human civilization.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分3. Comparatively speaking, the Westerners tend to avoid direct conflicts and losing face when confronted with a problem or when refusing a request.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分4. The behavior of the host in actively offering and the guest in asking the host not to bother have become conventional and habitual in the West.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分5. When meeting at a pub for drinks, a popular pastime in England, each person in the group will buy everyone a round.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分学习记录005－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１. What are the major differences between Chinese families and Australian families, in terms of the roles, relationships, and expectations of the family members?In AUSTRLIA families the central relationship is that between husband and wife，with children being thought of as independent individuals from an early age；but in chinese families the central relationship is that between parents and children. 总分值：50 得分：3２评价：２. List some important terms you have learned in this Unit. Make sure you understand what each of them refer to and how they may affect cross cultural communication.Definition １：the activity or process of giving information to other people or to other living things, using signals such as speech, body movements, or radio signals，e.g.: Insects such as ants have a highly effective system of communication.Definition ２：the systems of processes that are used to communicate or to broadcast information, especially those that use electricity or radio wave, e.g.: the current revolution in communicationsDefinition 3：a letter, telephone call or some other message; a formal use, e.g.: a secret communication from the Foreign Minister总分值：50 得分：3２评价：在线自测3－、单项选择题〔共１0 道试题，共 60 分.〕１. １. The biggest difference between the Chinese way of child-rearing and the Australian one is that the former fosters dependence and the latter _________.A. referenceB. independenceC. interdependenceD. indifference正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分２. The traditional, primary relationship in a Chinese family is usually that between _________.A. husband and wifeB. parents and childrenC. father and childrenD. teacher and students正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分3. In a typically traditional Chinese family, children are expected to show _________ and obedience to parental wishes.A. revengeB. rejectC. respectD. regret正确答案：C 总分值：6 得分：未判分4. While many women feel it natural to confer with tier partners at every turn, many men feel free to make decisions without such _________.A. congratulationB. commitmentC. conclusionD. consultation正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分5. Chinese students are often surprised at the frequency with which their English friends _________ to one another over trivial things.A. apologizeB. confessC. shoutD. explain正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分6. Body language can sometimes lead to _________ since people of different cultures often have different forms of behavior for sending the same message or have different interpretations of the same signal.A. effectivenessB. communicationC. agreementD. misunderstanding正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分7. Non-verbal communication includes all of the following but Not _________.A. telephone messagesB. gesturesC. facial expressionsD. eye movements正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分8. The ring gesture, where you form an "O" by holding the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb, means in France that you think something is _________.A. worthlessB. "I'll kill you!"C. goodD. great正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分9. Some psychologists argue that there are six basic emotions. They are surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, and _________.A. confusionB. boredomC. sadnessD. shyness正确答案：C 总分值：6 得分：未判分１0. In Britain, if you do not look at the person in a conversation, it could imply a number of things, including fear, _________, uneasiness, guilt or indifference.A. attentionB. happinessC. attemptD. contempt正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分二、判断题〔共 5 道试题，共 40 分.〕１. An American visiting Australia has to be careful in using the index finger to beckon someone.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：8 得分：未判分２. In Britain, you can look at a stranger for as long as you like providing they are not standing next to you.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：8 得分：未判分3. Different cultures have different customs concerning how far apart people should stand when communicating with each other.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：8 得分：未判分4. When British people feel perfectly friendly, they never sound cold or distant.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：A 总分值：8 得分：未判分5. There seems to be growing evidence to suggest that women and men do pursue different interactive style.A. 错误B. 正确正确答案：B 总分值：8 得分：未判分学习记录006１. Can you give a brief definition of Non-verbal Communication?Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. i.e., language is not the only source of communication, there are other means also. Messages can be communicated through gestures and touch (Haptic communication), by body language or posture, by facial expression and eye contact. Meaning can also be communicated through object or artifacts (such as clothing, hairstyles or architecture), symbols, and icons (or graphics). Speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, rate, pitch, volume, and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation and stress. Dance is also regarded as a form of nonverbal communication. Likewise, written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page.However, much of the study of nonverbal communication has focused on face-to-face interaction, where it can be classified into three principal areas: environmentalconditions where communication takes place, the physical characteristics of the communicators, and behaviors of communicators during interaction.总分值：50 得分：37 评价：２. List some important terms you have learned in this Unit. Make sure you understand what each of them refer to and how they may affect cross cultural communication.Everything went smoothly. My Blake and Sun Yan worked together well. Mr Blake had confidence in Sun Yan and regarded her as sweet, smart and efficient. He would often discuss things together with Sun Yan before making decisions. One day when she ws ordering her files in the room outside Mr Blake's office, Sun Yan heard Mr Blake opening his door and calling her. She looked up and saw Mr Blake extending his left hand, palm up, beckoning her with the forefinger. She put her work down at once and went into Mr Blake's office. Mr Blake then asked to hear her opinion about a new project.总分值：50 得分：35 评价：学习记录007－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１. What do you think of the English language in terms of synonyms, idioms, proverbs, euphemisms?English is a language popularly rich in synonyms,idioms,proverbs,euphemisms. synonyms -For example:autumn &fall are all 秋天idioms-For example:have a big mouth 夸夸其谈,carry coals to Newcastle画蛇添足proverbs-an apple a day ,makes the doctor away－天－苹果，医生不找我euphemisms-die&He's gone.the last one is euphemisms２.总分值：50 得分：２0 评价：２. How many idioms have you learned altogether in this unit?List all the animal idioms you know.There are many idioms about animals:１lion in the way 拦路虎２cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴3carry coals to Newcastle画蛇添足4Guizhou donkey has exhausted its trick黔驴技穷5somebody is as stubborn as a mule 犟得像头牛6somebody is as stupid as a goose蠢得像头猪8as blind as a bat 鼠目寸光总分值：50 得分：40 评价：专题/案例报告－、简答题〔共１道试题，共１00 分.〕１. 从8个单元地网上讨论中选择１个专题或案例，根据实时或非实时讨论情况个人撰写－份案例分析报告.English is a language particularly rich in synonyms .i.e.different words which standfor the same thing. This is partly because of the convention, particularly in written English ,that one should avoid repeating the same word over and over again .So instead of repeating 'enough' one may substitute 'sufficient',instead of repeating 'everlasting' one may use 'never-ending'.No two words are exactly identical. However .It is usually possible to find some difference between them or some context in which one is appropriate but not the other .Such differences can take several forms. It may be a difference in regional variety. 'Autumn and fall ',for example, both refer to the same season, but one is used in British English ,the other in American English. Similarly ,'snack' and 'baggin' both refer to a light meal, but the former is standard English and the latter is a regional variety form the north of England. There may be stylistic differences . 'salt' and 'sodium chloride' are synonymous , but the former is an everyday expression, and the latter is technical. Similarly 'recalcitrant' is a formal equivalent of 'disobedient'. There may also be differences in the emotional connotations of words. 'Youths' and 'youngsters' are synonymous, but Youths sound less pleasant than youngsters. The emotional associations which a word brings to mind will often differ from person to person ,so are to some degree unpredictable.This calling someone a 'republican' may suggest he has praise-worthy qualities to those in England who wish to abolish the monarchy, but connote objectionable characteristics to those who support it.学习记录008－、简答题〔共２道试题，共１00 分.〕１. Can you give a brief description of the process from a primitive tribe to a global village in terms of communication progress?Qur earliest human ancestors established the Old Stone Age culture:The social at that time was one in which men hunted and the women collected food.We assume that a group of ２5 to 30 people was the most stable social unit and the smallest community capable of providing enough food for all its members.Human progress,Writing ,printing technology ,telephone radio television and computer -these have extended man's mouth ,eyes,ears,hands,legs,,Now the world become a global village总分值：50 得分：34 评价：２. Think of the models of communication you have learned in Unit １. What kind of model we have with 'an Electronic Mind'?So far we have discussed the extension of man through Writing ,printing technology ,telephone radio television and computer -these have extended man's mouth ,eyes,ears,hands,legs,,This century has witnessed one of the greatest human achievements ever -the invention of computer.This computer ,it is claimed ,"sees""understand""learns" and ,in general,"has demonstrated that machines can think".So we call the computer "an Electronic Mind".总分值：50 得分：3２评价：在线自测4－、单项选择题〔共１0 道试题，共 60 分.Choose the best one to complete each statement or question.〕１. If you want to join the medical _________ , you need to master a whole body of medical knowledge and receive systematic training.A. occupationB. vocationC. professionD. trade正确答案：C 总分值：6 得分：未判分２. I'm afraid we shouldn't go on chatting like this. The new manager could arrive out of blue. What does out of blue mean?A. with an angry expressionB. extremely pleasedC. thinking deeplyD. unexpectedly; without warning正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分3. Kill not the goose that lays the golden eggs. What does the sentence mean?A. It is better to accept something small than to reject it and hope to get more later on.B. If too many people try to do the same thing at the same time, there will be chaos.C. Anyone who claims more than he has already got is very likely to get nothing at all in the future.D. There must be something better after every piece of unpleasantness.正确答案：C 总分值：6 得分：未判分4. Some forms of human communication from a primitive tribe to a global village (mentioned in the course book) include _________.A. computer network, TV stations, drumbeats, chopsticksB. smoke signals, pigeons, peacocks, mobile phones, emails ...C. gestures, TV, email, fire, horns, flags, animals ...D. shouting to each other, printing, telegraph, radio, internet ...正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分5. According to Sir Richard Paget, the right order of development of human communication is _________.A. sounds, food, hunting, writing, gambling, online chattingB. gestures of the hands, gestures of the mouth, whispered speech, voiced speechC. gestures, eye movements, writing, speech, telegraph, internetD. shouting, whispers, hands movements, horse riding, computers正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分6. Language may be _________ to our own species, the capacity of mean, to transmit messages vital to survival, and to understand them, certainly is not.A. effectiveB. uniqueC. relativeD. misunderstanding正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分7. Communication through writing emancipates man from the constraints imposed by the face-to-face distance and the _________ of time.A. spontaneityB. responsibilityC. complexityD. confusion正确答案：A 总分值：6 得分：未判分8. A digital computer is a system composed of four distinct elements: a central processing unit, input devices, memory storage devices, and _________ devices.A. hard wareB. hard diskC. outputD. monitor正确答案：C 总分值：6 得分：未判分9. The cardinal principle we should bear in mind in conducting cross-cultural communication is this: There is no such a thing as good or bad. There are only ________.A. influencesB. respectC. indifferenceD. differences正确答案：D 总分值：6 得分：未判分１0. A stereotype is a conventional, formulaic, and ________ conception, opinion, or image of a group of people.A. effectiveB. oversimplifiedC. characteristicD. beneficial正确答案：B 总分值：6 得分：未判分二、单项选择题〔共 5 道试题，共40 分.Match the English idioms with their explanations by choosing the appropriate option (a-e).〕１. □ to have a big mouthA. only justB. the finest citizens; persons with very high qualitiesC. in confusionD. to boast a lot or talk too muchE. a person who is strongly disapproved of by other members of his/her family 正确答案：D 总分值：8 得分：未判分２. □ at sixes and sevensA. only justB. the finest citizens; persons with very high qualitiesC. in confusionD. to boast a lot or talk too muchE. a person who is strongly disapproved of by other members of his/her family正确答案：C 总分值：8 得分：未判分3. □ a black sheepA. only justB. the finest citizens; persons with very high qualitiesC. in confusionD. to boast a lot or talk too muchE. a person who is strongly disapproved of by other members of his/her family 正确答案：E 总分值：8 得分：未判分4. □ by the skin of one's teethA. only justB. the finest citizens; persons with very high qualitiesC. in confusionD. to boast a lot or talk too muchE. a person who is strongly disapproved of by other members of his/her family 正确答案：A 总分值：8 得分：未判分5. □ the salt of the earthA. only justB. the finest citizens; persons with very high qualitiesC. in confusionD. to boast a lot or talk too muchE. a person who is strongly disapproved of by other members of his/her family 正确答案：B 总分值：8 得分：未判分。
电大跨文化交际期末复习资料（全参考）《跨文化交际》期末复习资料一、单项选择题1. Xiao Wang meets Peter at the airport and says to him: “Morning, Peter!” In this case, the source of information is ________ .√A. Xiao WangB. PeterC. the airportD. “Morning, Peter!”2. There are two kinds of cross-cultural communication: unilateral communication and _________.A. successful communicationB. verbal communication√C. bilateral communicationD. unsuccessful communication3. Utterance meaning in a face-to-face communication refers to _________.A. what the speaker has intended to convey in what is said√B. what is said normally meansC. what the hearer has understood on the basis of what is saidD. the associative meaning words have4. When we are in a social gathering, we must be aware of the rules and procedures that govern the way things are going to proceed. These rules and procedures are technically called _________.A. anecdotesB. goalsC. gestures√D. schema (schemas)5. Which doesn’t belong to the group in a cross-cultural situation? _________.A. Head movements√B. Social valuesC. Facial expressionsD. Body contact6. When you are invited for a western meal, you’re offereda second helping but you have already had enough. What would you say? “_________”A. Oh, thanks. That tastes awful.B. No, I don’t want that.C. No, I don’t like it.√D. That was delicious but I’ve already had plenty, thanks.7. Most Americans see themselves as separate _________, not as representatives of a family, community or other group.A. independence√B. individualsC. customersD. cultures8. It is right to ask children or teenagers their age. But it is not normally _________ in English speaking societies to ask an adult their age - and never a woman!A. considerateB. inappropriateC. impolite√D. polite9. The American child is nurtured to be _________, to be able to do whatever he could by himself, ever since he was born.√A. independentB. good-lookingC. obedientD. private10. One way of talking about the different stages in getting used to life in a new country is the distinction of euphoria, depression, _________ and acceptance.A. criticismB. admiration√C. adjustmentD. shock11. The _________ of a person is his or her family name.A. given nameB. middle name√C. surnameD. initials12. English surnames can show various sorts of information about people, including the placea person is from, the job he has, family relationships, ethnic identity and personal _________.A. considerationB. knowledgeC. politeness√D. characteristics13. Nowadays in England, people usually call each other _________.A. Sir or Madam√B. by their first nameC. Mr, Mrs, Miss, or MsD. by their last name14. Unlike in China, the kin terms used for relatives do not distinguish between _________ relatives in Britain.A. internal and externalB. old and young√C. maternal and paternalD. male and female15. In America _________ is the collective informal term for addressing a group of friends. √A. guysB. girlsC. boysD. mates16. In China nowadays a lot of people are getting used to sharing the cost of the meal equally between them, _________, as we say.A. to buy a roundB. to foot the bill√C. to go DutchD. to go to Dutch17. In the West, it is regarded polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express _________.A. greedinessB. misunderstandingC. gratitude√D. appreciation18. Guests invited to dinner in the West frequently bring _________ of wine.√A. only one bottleB. two bottlesC. a dozen bottlesD. a pack19. We Chinese are brought up to initially refuse friendly offers to demonstrate ______ in seeming not to wish to put our host to any trouble.A. invitationB. tradition√C. politenessD. personality20. Normally, when hearing compliments, a typical Chinese reaction is to show _________.A. disagreement and anger√B. modesty and humilityC. enjoyment and prideD. pride and gratitude21. 1. The biggest difference between the Chinese way of child-rearing and the Australian one is that the former fosters dependence and the latter _________.A. reference√B. independenceC. interdependenceD. indifference22. The traditional, primary relationship in a Chinese family is usually that between _________.A. husband and wife√B. parents a nd childrenC. father and childrenD. teacher and students23. In a typically traditional Chinese family, children are expected to show _________ and obedience to parental wishes.A. revengeB. reject√C. respectD. regret24. While many women feel it natural to confer with tier partners at every turn, many men feel free to make decisions without such _________.A. congratulationB. commitmentC. conclusion√D. consultation25. Chinese students are often surprised at the frequency with which their English friends_________ to one another over trivial things.√A. apologizeB. confessC. shoutD. explain26. Body language can sometimes lead to _________ since people of different cultures often have different forms of behavior for sending the same message or have different interpretations of the same signal.A. effectivenessB. communicationC. agreement√D. misunderstanding27. Non-verbal communication includes all of the following but Not _________.√A. telephone messagesB. gesturesC. facial expressionsD. eye movements28. The ring gesture, where you form an “O” by holding the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb, means in France that you think something is _________.√A. worthlessB. “I’ll kill you!”C. goodD. great29. Some psychologists argue that there are six basic emotions. They are surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, and _________.A. confusionB. boredom√C. sadnessD. shyness30. In Britain, if you do not look at the person in a conversation, it could imply a number of things, including fear, _________, uneasiness, guilt or indifference.A. attentionB. happinessC. attempt√D. contempt31. If you want to join the medical _________ , you need to master a whole body of medical knowledge and receive systematic training.A. occupationB. vocation√C. professionD. trade32. I’m afraid we shouldn’t go on chatting like this. The new manager could arrive out of blue. What does out of blue mean?A. with an angry expressionB. extremely pleasedC. thinking deeply√D. unexpectedly; without w arning33. Kill not the goose that lays the golden eggs. What does the sentence mean?A. It is better to accept something small than to reject it and hope to get more later on.B. If too many people try to do the same thing at the same time, there will be chaos.√C. Anyone who claims more than he has already got is very likely to get nothing at all in the future.D. There must be something better after every piece of unpleasantness.34. Some forms of human communication from a primitive tribe to a global village (mentioned in the course book) include _________.A. computer network, TV stations, drumbeats, chopsticksB. smoke signals, pigeons, peacoc ks, mobile phones, emails …C. gestures, TV, email, fire, horns, flags, animals …√D. shouting to each other, printing, telegraph, radio, internet …35. According to Sir Richard Paget, the right order of development of human communication is _________.A. sounds, food, hunting, writing, gambling, online chatting√B. gestures of the hands, gestures of the mouth, wh isperedspeech, voiced speechC. gestures, eye movements, writing, speech, telegraph, internetD. shouting, whispers, hands movements, horse riding, computers36. Language may be _________ to our own species, the capacity of mean, to transmit messages vital to survival, and to understand them, certainly is not.A. effective√B. uniqueC. relativeD. misunderstanding37. Communication through writing emancipates man from the constraints imposed by the face-to-face distance and the _________ of time.√A. spontaneityB. responsibilityC. complexityD. confusion38. A digital computer is a system composed of four distinct elements: a central processing unit, input devices, memory storage devices, and _________ devices.A. hard wareB. hard disk√C. outputD. monitor39. The cardinal principle we should bear in mind in conducting cross-cultural communication is this: There is no such a thing as good or bad. There are only ________.A. influencesB. respectC. indifference√D. differences40. A stereotype is a conventional, formulaic, and ________ conception, opinion, or image ofa group of people.A. effective√B. oversimplifiedC. characteristicD. beneficial二、判断题1. In face-to-face communication, non-verbal signals are not as important as verbal messages. √A. 错误B. 正确2. When we Chinese refer to something about ourselves or related to us, we tend to elevate them. √A. 错误B. 正确3. When you phone to tell your friend something, you are the source of information.A. 错误√B. 正确4. Culture shock is a term used to describe the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, disorientation, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within an entirely different cultural or social environment, such as a different country or a different state than where they live.A. 错误√B. 正确5. Chinese people tend to say thi ngs like “No, not really” when they are asked “Are you hungry?” in the host family.A. 错误√B. 正确6. In work places, it is quite common to see people use their initials when they make any changes to a document they are reviewing.A. 错误√B. 正确7. English family names have always been there since the beginning of human civilization. √A. 错误B. 正确8. Comparatively speaking, the Westerners tend to avoid direct conflicts and losing face when confronted with a problem or when refusing a request.√A. 错误B. 正确9. The behavior of the host in actively offering and the guest in asking the host not to bother have become conventional and habitual in the West.√A. 错误B. 正确10. When meeting at a pub for drinks, a popular pastime in England, each person in the group will buy everyone a round.A. 错误√B. 正确11. An American visiting Australia has to be careful in using the index finger to beckon someone.A. 错误√B. 正确12. In Britain, you can look at a stranger for as long as you like providing they are not standing。
《跨文化交际》题集一、选择题（每题10分，共100分）1.跨文化交际主要研究的是：A. 不同国家之间的政治关系B. 不同文化背景的人们之间的交流与互动C. 国际经济的合作与发展D. 全球气候变化的影响2.在跨文化交际中，哪种行为可能被视为不尊重他人？A. 直视对方的眼睛以示真诚B. 在交谈中频繁点头表示赞同C. 在未经允许的情况下触摸他人的头部D. 礼貌地询问对方的个人生活3.“高语境文化”与“低语境文化”的区别在于：A. 沟通中直接信息的多少B. 人们使用语言的频率C. 社会习俗的复杂性D. 对时间的重视程度4.下列哪项不属于非言语交际的形式？A. 肢体语言B. 面部表情C. 语音语调D. 书面文字5.在一些文化中，沉默可能被视为：A. 同意的标志B. 思考的表示C. 不尊重的行为D. 沟通的一种方式6.“文化休克”通常发生在：A. 一个人长时间处于自己的文化中B. 一个人初次接触并适应新的文化环境时C. 一个人对某种文化有深入了解之后D. 一个人在不同文化之间频繁切换时7.下列哪项是跨文化交际中常见的挑战？A. 语言障碍B. 价值观差异C. 沟通风格的不同D. 以上都是8.在一些文化中，时间被视为一种：A. 可以随意支配的资源B. 必须严格遵守的规则C. 可以用来建立社会关系的工具D. 以上都有可能是，取决于具体的文化9.“面子”在跨文化交际中是一个重要的概念，它通常指的是：A. 一个人的社会地位B. 一个人的自尊心和荣誉感C. 一个人在外貌上的吸引力D. 一个人在经济上的实力10.下列哪项不是促进跨文化交际有效性的策略？A. 增强文化意识B. 发展跨文化沟通技巧C. 避免与不同文化背景的人交往D. 尊重并适应不同的文化习俗二、填空题（每题10分，共50分）1.在跨文化交际中，__________是指由于文化差异而导致的沟通障碍或误解。
2.__________文化强调直接、明确的沟通方式，而__________文化则更注重含蓄和间接的表达。
1. 语用规约，实质上就是言语交际中语言运用的正确性问题。
A. 对B. 错答案：错2. 一般说来，在西方文化中通常可以随便讨论的话题是天气、工作、业余爱好、地方和全国性事件。
A. 对B. 错答案：对3. 在那些集体主义文化的地区如拉丁美洲、阿拉伯、非洲等地，人们交谈时往往离得比较远。
A. 对B. 错答案：错4. 当我们身处东南亚一些佛教国家，如泰国、老挝、柬埔寨、斯里兰卡、印尼、斐济等时，不可以摸当地小孩子的头。
A. 对B. 错答案：对5. 竖起大拇指这个动作在不同文化中都表示赞成、棒等意思。
A. 对B. 错答案：错6. 副语言是一种重要的非言语交际行为，人们通过非语词的声音，借助调节语速的快慢、音调的高低变化等来实现言语的情感表达。
A. 对B. 错答案：对7. 认知自身文化与其他文化之间的差异，是跨文化适应的第一步。
A. 对B. 错答案：对8. 跨文化适应最终会以心理调适的方式表现出来。
A. 对B. 错答案：错9. 进入异文化的头四个月是跨文化适应的关键期，抓紧时机广泛参与、多方接触东道主文化，可以使文化适应达到较好的水平。
A. 对B. 错答案：对10. 那些外语学得特别好、心态特别开放的人，在进入一个陌生文化时能立即适应。
A. 对B. 错答案：错11. 很多旅游热门地甚至有可能改变自己的文化习惯去适应旅行者，致使当地民俗民情变得不再本土和纯粹。
A. 对B. 错答案：对12. 外派到国外的国际汉语教师需要关注跨文化适应的问题，在国内任教的国际汉语教师就没有这个必要了。
A. 对B. 错答案：错13. 在多元文化环境中相处，不是要求每个人放弃自己的文化，而是每个人都应该努力适应其他人。
A. 对B. 错答案：对14. 跨文化敏感的发展模式大概可以用五个阶段加以概括：防范、最小化、接受、适应、整合。
A. 对B. 错答案：错15. 正确的跨文化情感和态度是移情。
A. 对B. 错答案：对16. 关于中美两国在“恭维”这一程式化言语行为方面的主要差异，下列说法不正确的是：A. 围绕能力或成就所进行的恭维，在美国社会中通常是地位较高的人恭维地位较低的人，而中国社会恰好相反B. 美国的恭维语往往是高度程式化的，句式比较固定，语义明确，很容易识别；而中国人的恭维语则比较隐蔽C. 在恭维语的回应方式上，美国人一般会接受并表示感谢，而中国人则多会否定或表示谦虚D. 美国人不喜欢恭维别人的外貌，但中国人普遍喜欢恭维别人的外貌答案：美国人不喜欢恭维别人的外貌，但中国人普遍喜欢恭维别人的外貌17. 具有下面哪类特点的文化更可能要求服饰庄重得体：A. 高权力距离、个体主义、长期导向B. 高权力距离、集体主义、正式性C. 低权力距离、个体主义、正式性D. 低权力距离、集体主义、短期导向答案：高权力距离、集体主义、正式性18. 请看下面这个案例：一个中国学生向美国留学生朋友提起自己的宠物狗在不久前遭遇了车祸，这位美国留学生脱口而出：对不起！中国学生感到莫名其妙。
《跨文化交际-2014》课程网上考试题库Unit 1 Language and Culture in CommunicationI Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.1.What does “It’s all Greek to me” mean?A.It’s something I don’t understand!B.I don’t speak Greek!C.I don’t understand: Do you speak Greek?D.I understand: Why are you speaking Greek?Key：A2.All of the following is a necessary factor of communication except .A.there is only one peopleB.there must be some contact between communicatorsC.there must be a language shared by communicatorsD.an exchange of information has taken placeKey：A3.An artificial language is such kind of a language that .A.is computer designed by humansB.is created for blind people by computerC.is impossible for humans to understandD.is created by humans for special purposesKey：D4.When two people coming from the same culture are communicating with each other, we cansay this is a .A.multi-cultural communicationB.bi-cultural communicationC.mono-cultural communicationD.cultural communicationKey：C5.When we are writing an E-Mail, we are using a .A.human & artificial languageB.human oral & non-verbal languageC.human verbal & artificial languageD.human oral & body languageKey：C6.It is considered as a ritual in many English speaking countries for students .A.to ignore their professors.B.to address their professors by the title “Mr.”C.to ignore any form of address for their professors.D.to address their professors by their first name.Key：D7.Which of the following is not a sign of communication?A.There are at least two or more people.B.There is no contact between communicators.C.There must be a language shared by communicators.D.An exchange of information has taken place.Key: B8.Which of the following is not the three kinds of meanings involved when a speaker sayssomething to a hearer.A.utterance meaningB.speaker's meaningC.hearer's meaningD.prediction meaningKey: D9.Which the following is not the four models of communication?rmation modelB.mono-cultural modelC.multi-lateral modelD.bilateral modelKey: CII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.Two-way contact means: communicators can see each other and monitor each other's behavior- indirect communication.Key: F2.One-way contact: communicators cannot see each other, and hence cannot monitor eachother's behavior - direct communication.Key: F3.Machine language is known as artificial language.Key: T4.When you complain to your instructor about your course credits through telephone, you usetwo languages: natural language used between you and your instructor and artificial language used by the telephoneKey: T5.There will be no communication if no exchange of information has occurred.Key: T6.Mono-cultural language communication ('mono-' meaning one or single) is a model ofcommunication between people speaking two different languages in different cultural environment.Key: Fmunication models help people to be able to have a better understanding of cross-culturalcommunication.Key: T8.When we talk about meanings, these are actually interpretations made by human beings.Words, signs, and symbols alike never mean anything without human interpretation.Key: T9. A social situation may receive two definitions. One is given by the community, and the otherby the participants.Key: T10.In face-to-face communication non-verbal signals are not important at all.Key: FUnit 2 Culture ShockI Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.1.What is a sinologist?A. a specialist in languagesB. a student of Chinese languages.C. a specialist in Chinese studiesD. a Chinese language studentKey：C2.An “utterance meaning” is .A.what a speaker saysB.what is heard by someoneC.what is meant by someoneD.how someone says somethingKey：A3.The two types of typical English tea areA.Green and White.B.Red and White.C.Black and White.D.Red and Green.Key：C4.When two people coming from different cultures are communicating with each other, we cansay this is a .A.multi-cultural communicationB.bi-cultural communicationC.mono-cultural communicationD.cultural communicationKey：B5.Social distance refers to the degree of similarity or dissimilarity between .A.two classes of peopleB.two people of different sexC.two culturesD.two peopleKey：C6.When people have just arrived in a new cultural environment, they are enjoying a honeymoon period. This is referred to as a stage of .A.euphoriaB.euphoricC.euphemismD.optimismKey：A7.Individualists tend to believe in .A.deferenceB.hierarchyC.equalityD.anti-societyKey：C8.Foreigners usually come into the habit of .A.respecting important peopleB.respecting young peopleC.respecting all peopleD.respecting elderly peopleKey：C9.What constitutes a ‘Western’ meal in most cases?A.going to McDonalds or KFCB.three or four coursesC. a main course plus coffee/teaD.eating as much as you canKey：B10.“Westerners” will feel uneasy talking about .A.religionB.relativesC.weatherD.economicsKey：D11.In a cross-cultural communication context, one often finds the other person’s behavior .A.very excitingB.difficult because of languageC.easy to understandD.odd and sometimes distastefulKey：D12.Collectivist theory is attributed to culture.A.AmericanB.WesternC.EasternD.ChineseKey：D13.Which one can be considered as the origin of “Western” culture?A.liberalismB.independenceC.LincolnismD.Confucianism.Key：A14.What is the normal way to measure hospitality in Britain?A.the number of dishes you are givenB.the number of drinks you are givenC.freedom to look at whatever you wantD.freedom to choose what you eat or drinkKey：C15.You say someone is 'as bold as brass', you mean to say that .A.they do things without worry or fearB.they do things happilyC.they do things unhappilyD.they do things as they likeKey: A16.The following topics are taboos which should be avoided in Western culture, which is anexception?A.How old are you?B.What is your salary?C.Are you married?D.How is the weather?Key: DII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.For Westerners compliments should be accepted and appreciated, but we Chinese oftennegate compliments in order to appear modest.Key: T2.To be 'full of pep' is to be inactive and short of energy.Key: F3. A person who has 'cheek' is afraid of doing things that annoy or embarrass people.Key: F4.To 'keel over' means to fall over.Key: T5.The American children are nurtured to be independent to do whatever they could bythemselves.Key: T6.Because Methuselah is said in the Bible to have lived to be 969 years old, so it is polite to saya young people is as old as Methuselah.Key: F7.During old Chinese days fatness is a compliment, associated with health and prosperity butnowadays Westerners tend to admire slimness.Key: T8.People are sensitive about their personal appearance. So even if something appears to youto be wrong, it's not polite to mention it unless you know the person very well.Key: T9.Salary not is considered a private matter in English speaking societies.Key: F10.In individualist cultures, children are brought up to draw attention to themselves.Key: TUnit 3 What's in a Name?I Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.pared to Chinese people, English native speakers .A.do not use kin terms so extensivelye kin terms just as extensivelye them about half as muchD.do not use them at allKey：A2.Most English people have .A.one nameB.two namesC.three namesD.four namesKey：C3.Which given name is usually used by English people?A.The first of the given nameB.The second of the given nameC.The last of the given nameD.The middle of the surnameKey：A4.One can assume from Margaret Thatcher’s family name that her ancestors .A.sold candlesB.made clothesC.made barrelsD.made roofsKey：D5.In China, the term “comrade” is.A.still widely usedB.becoming more and more popularmon in written ChineseD.widespread but diminishing in useKey：D6.“Guys” in America is a collective informal term for .A.addressing a group of friendsB.addressing a group of girlsC.addressing a group of menD.addressing a group of ladiesKey：A7.Today, in England, people usually call each other by their first names in .A.formal meetings at workrmal situations outside workC.formal situations outside workrmal meetings with bossesKey：B8.Today, many Chinese people .A.pay a lot of attention to origins of surnamesB.are very aware of the meaning of given namesC.are mostly unaware of the meaning of given namesD.search for the origins of surnamesKey：B9.The family name McAdam indicates .A.Irish ethnicityB.English ethnicityC.Scottish ethnicityD.no ethnicityKey：C10.What use is generally made of initials for serious purposes?A.indicate changes to a documentB.indicate you have gone to a meetingC.indicate the time you went homeD.indicate you made a telephone callKey：A11.The term “man in the street” means .A.the man walking pastB.the person walking pastC.casual peopleD.ordinary peopleKey：D12.A Christian name is also called a .A.given nameB.surnameC.family namest nameKey：A13.The appropriate use of kin terms may reflect a person's .A.PolitenessB.CarefulnessC.RespectfulnessD.FriendlinessKey: AII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.Chinese names consist of family name and given name, with given name put first.Key: F2.The term 'Christian names' originates from people's belief in Christianity and the traditionalpractice of giving babies their names at a special ceremony in church known as a 'christening'. Key: T3.Chinese names can give all sorts of information about a person. They may, for example, giveclues about where and when the person was born.Key: T4.Shortened forms of names are commonly used among friends and colleagues.Key: T5.Nowadays, however, all people no longer pay much attention to the origin of their surnames,and they are much more aware of the meaning of their given names.Key: F6.In Chinese culture, Master is still quite commonly used which is traditionally used as a titlefor a skilled worker, now often used to any unknown ordinary person of both sexes, usuallymiddle-aged or older persons especially those who provide services.Key: T7.Nowadays in England people usually call each other by their family name.Key: F8.In Britain members of the aristocracy inherit not only their family names, but their titles aswell.Key: T9.The Queen can only honour people with titles which are not inherited .Key: F10.As you know, here in China kin terms are not only used within one's own family but also toother peopleKey: TUnit 4 Social InteractionI Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.1.At English dinners hosts often inquire the guests’ favors .A.just before they serve a mealB.before they come to the dinnerC.as they are serving the mealD.is a totally untrue statementKey：B2. A “white lie” is .A. a lie told with the intention of causing troubleB.the intention to lie and not be caughtC. a good lie told with bad intentionsD. a lie told with good intentionsKey：D3.When we are “Going Dutch”, we mean that .A.pay the cost of some mealsB.go out for a mealC.pay for your own mealD.pay for everyone’s mealKey：C4.The phrase ‘footing the bill’ means .A.paying the cost of all mealsB.paying the cost of your meal onlyC.paying the cost of some mealsD.refusing to pay for any mealKey：A5. A typical “Western” style meetings .A.always start with prayersB.are always informal and friendlyck any formal organizational structureually are organized well in advanceKey：D6.The broad sense of “social interaction” is .A.relationships between peopleB.making friends easilyC.forming a social clubD.speaking to peopleKey：A7.Married foreigners in China understand invitations to banquets by Chinese to mean .A.they will get drunkB.their spouse is also invitedC.their spouse is not invitedD.they have to pay for dinnerKey：B8.The term RSVP stands for .A.please come earlyB.please bring a friendC.please replyD.please write an answerKey：C9.What is a “roast” ?A.thin slice of meatrge piece of meatC.burnt piece of meatD.place where chickens sleepKey：B10.At first, foreigners coming to China will feel when they are addressed as “lao wai”.A.quaintB.respectfulC.helpfulD.annoyingKey：D11.What does the idiom “pool their money” mean?A.Put together the right amount of money to pay the bill.B.Put together the right amount of money to give to a friend.C.Put away large sum of money for important use.D.To ask someone to lend large sum of money.Key: A12.What does the word “tab” in the idiom “pick up the tab” mean?A.MoneyB.BearC.CupD.BillKey: D13.What does the idiom “buy his round” mean?A.Ask everyone what dresses they would like and then go to the shop to buy.B.Ask everyone what they would like and then go to the bar to get the drinks.C.Ask everyone what snacks they would like and then go to the grocery store to buy foreveryone.D.Ask everyone who would like to go to the grocery store to buy snacks for everyone.Key: B14.We needn't be too worried about cultural differences because of the following characteristicsfrom different cultures except .A.SimilaritiesB.mutual adjustmentC.punishmentD.toleranceKey: C15.Chinese may be very familiar with this kind of indirect ways of refusing requests, becausewhen confronted with a problem or when refusing a request .A.they tend to avoid direct conflicts and losing faceB.they tend to get direct complimentC.they tend to lose moneyD.they tend to be angryKey: AII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.When we Chinese suggests going for a meal at a restaurant, the person who invites should pay;this is always true in English- speaking countries.Key: F2.“Buy his round” means that ask everyone what they would like and then go to the bar to getthe drinks.Key: T3.It’s a suitable way for Chinese to show respect for westerners to unwrap their presents and putthem away in a corner.Key: F4.Traditionally gifts of fruit are thought of as only appropriate for visits to people who are ill inwestern culture.Key: T5.Guests invited to dinner in the West frequently bring only one bottle of wine, bringing twomight even give the impression that the giver is a heavy drinker.Key: T6.Western culture asks people to behave very modestly when paying a visit to someone.Nevertheless, when they decline the host’s offer they hope the host would ask again or bring out a cup of coffee or a mug of tea anyway.Key: F7.We Chinese usually say 'no' when somebody offers something, because sometimes an offer isnot a real offer but a polite remark.Key: T8.After the westerners say 'no', they usually wait for the second or third offer before they acceptit, but that never happens in a Chinese home.Key: F9.Westerners respond to compliment by saying 'thank you'.Key: T10.Different cultures may have different ways to respond to compliments, Chinese pays moreattention to the values of modesty and humility.Key: TUnit 5 Roles and RelationsI Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.1.In a traditional Chinese family, in a quarrel between his wife and his mother, a man would besupposed to support before he makes clear why his wife and his mother quarrel.A.his wifeB.his motherC.his own opinionD.nobodyKey：B2.Women are believed to speak and hear .A. a language of connection and intimacyB. a language of intimacy and reflectionC. a language of connection and reflectionD. a language of connection, reflection and intimacyKey：A3.Between parents and children, Chinese people seem to place high value .A.strong obligationsB.obliging peopleC.bodily ablutionsD.bodily strengthKey：C4.What does “Australians have different perspectives to Chinese” mean?A.they have different ways of talkingB.they have different ways of thinkingC.they have different ways of drinkingD.they have different ways of eatingKey：B5.For Chinese children, married life sometimes begins with a shock because .A.they have to clean and cookB.they have to have a babyC.they have to live with someone elseD.they have to wash dishesKey：A6.In China, who will make the decisions for children?A.MotherB.FatherC.GrandfatherD.ChildrenKey：B7.In Australia, from a young age, children began to be given the concept of .A.DependenceB.DependabilityC.InterdependenceD.IndependenceKey：D8.Regarding patterns of friendship, which statement is NOT true?A.Friendship differs between sectors of societyB.The British may sound cold and distant when they feel perfectly friendly.C.The Chinese may sound rude and demanding when they intend to sound friendly.D.The British cease to use polite forms such as “could you” and “would you” when they becomefriends with you.Key：D9.When will British people may sound cold and distant?A.when they really get bad weatherB.when they really are very upsetC.when they really are very friendlyD.when they really want to go homeKey：C10.Men are believed to speak and hear .A. a language of static independenceB. a language of independent statusC. a language of status and dependenceD. a language of status and independenceKey：D11.What is the primary relationship in a Chinese family?A.husband-and-wife relationshipB.parent-and-children relationshipC.brother-and sisterD.grandparent-grandchildrenKey: B12.Which of the following statement is NOT correct?A.Observations are things you see, hear and know to be trueB.Judgments are reactions or feelings about what you observeC.Misjudgment can lead to cross-cultural miscommunication.D.When you observe things about another culture, it is easy to make correct judgments.Key: D13.There are social differences of asking for permission between male or female, which of thefollowing is INCORRECT?A.Women feel it natural to confer with their partners at every turn.B.Women prefer to have discussions before decisions are arrived at.C.Women find lengthy discussions about what they consider minor matters a waste of time.D.Many men feel free to make decisions without such consultation.Key: C14.The following are differences between man and woman, which is NOT correct?A.It appears that men and women look on decision-making in the same way.B.Men don't like discussing their problems with anyone.C.Girls fear rejection by their peers if they appear too successful and boys don't.D.Women are more likely to use indirectness as to them it has a double benefit.Key: A15.English writing pays a lot of attention to unity and coherence. Which of the following is NOTcorrect?A.Unity of a paragraph means that it deals with one topic or one aspect of a topic.B.Coherence is achieved when the ideas around the topic or all aspects of a topic are clearlyrelated to each other in orderly sequence.C.The central idea is often made clear to the readers by guessing.D.Each sentence in such a paragraph should naturally grow out of each previous sentence indeveloping the central idea.Key: C16.When talk about friend or friendship, which is NOT true?A.Chinese students, for example will be surprised at the frequency with which English friendsapologize to one another over relatively trivial things.B.Chinese requests are generally directed to friends using more direct forms.C.The higher up the social scale you go the greater the number of friends you will see in thecourse of the week.D.Chinese requests are generally directed to friends using more indirect forms.Key: DII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.Husband-and-wife relationship is the primary relationship in Australian families.Key: T2.Chinese unmarried children always leave home and live independently of their parents longbefore marriage.Key: F3.British apologize to their friends over things like asking for help in some small matter ortelephoning late at night.Key: T4.Chinese families usually expect to get repayment if parents give financial support to theirchildren at university.Key: F5.Fostering independence in children from an early age is considered to be the true expressionof real family feeling in Chinese families.Key: F6.Chinese may sound rude and demanding when they intend to sound friendly..Key: T7.Chinese children are not expected to work during their school years or even to help withhousehold chores.Key: T8.Chinese tend to emphasize the independence of the individuals. Australians tend to valuestrong obligations between parents and children.Key: F9.What the family means to your grandparents or even your parents may be quite different fromwhat it means to you, and the expectations towards family members may also vary.Key: T10.American parents are supposed to be responsible for their sons' education, marriage andsupport.Key: FUnit 6 Non-verbal communicationI Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.1.If someone is “stand-offish” they are .A.IntimateB.StandingC.ReservedD.OutstandingKey: C2.Gestures vary in meaning from .A.country to countryB.culture to cultureC.group to groupD.person to personKey：B3.Facial expression can be deemed as an example of .A. a non-verbal channelB. a verbal channelC.an emotional channelD. a means to hide emotionsKey：A4.In “western” countries, hugging and kissing will be .A.rarely seen in publicB.often seen in publicC.never seen in publicD.not allowed in publicKey：B5.When people are communicating through non-verbal communication, they .A.convert feelings into conversationB.converse by using their feelingsC.converse with their whole bodiesD.have a bodily conversationKey：C6.As for a “foreigner”, one of the most embarrassing things in China is .A. a Chinese person saying “hello” and bowing to himB. a Chinese person asking if he likes Chinese foodC. a Chinese person wanting to practice speaking EnglishD. a Chinese person asking if he can use chop-sticksKey：A7.In order to enhance your cross-cultural communication competence, you have to be ableto .A.speak some of the language and master some non-verbal behaviorB.speak some of the language and master all non-verbal behaviorC.speak the language and master all non-verbal behaviorD.speak the language and master some non-verbal behaviorKey：D8.The origin of the custom of shaking hands is associated with .A.giving a gift to someoneB.reassuring strangersC.preparing for warD.congratulating peopleKey：B9.Which one of the following can make cultural communication easier and more effective?A.good body languageB.washing your handsC.taking off your shoesD.wearing nice clothesKey：A10.When showing affection to a child in “western” countries, people usually would .A.smile sweetlyB.pat the headC.kiss the cheekD.hold handsKey：B11.The most common form of behavior on being introduced to someone in China is .A.shaking handsB.clasping one's hands togetherC.bowingD.kissingKey: A12.Which of the following can explain why a Chinese will usually stop what he is saying ordoing for a moment and clap together with the audience when he is being applauded?A.The speaker expresses his thanks to the audience.B.The speaker or performer is applauding himself.C.The speaker is 'shy' or 'unnatural'.D.The speaker is made to join the audience.Key: A13.In Japanese culture when speak to someone who is superior people is required not to look himstraight in the eye to .A.show kindnessB.show respectC.show happinessD.show unhappinessKey: B14.Scanning is a type of fast reading which is used .A.when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information without necessarilyunderstanding the rest of the text or passageB.when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information with totally understandingthe rest text or passageC.when the reader wants to get the main ideaD.when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information with partial understanding ofthe rest of the text or passageKey: A15.“Look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under it” is a saying from Shakespearewhich implies that .A.people can put on different gestures to hide their true feelingsB.people can say untrue words to hide their true feelingsC.people can put on different facial expressions to hide their true feelingsD.people can say wrong words to hide their true feelingsKey: C16.The emotion governing norms are quite different, which of the following is NOT correct?A.Displaying anger is much less acceptable among the Japanese than among Americans.B.There is greater emphasis on restraining the expression of emotions in Japanese culture, andpeople tend to control their feelings.C.Men are expected to control their emotions while women are expected to express theiremotions more freely in Britain.D.Men begin to learn to control their emotions when they grow up.Key: D17.One of the reasons people in group-centred societies seldom display their joy or sadnessopenly is that they don't want to .A.impose their feelings on othersB.find the mind's constructionC.give off signalsD.conceal the mind's constructionKey: A18.The Chinese saying “hiding a dagger in a smile” means that some people are so skillful atcontrolling their appearance .A.that they can hide their smileB.that they can hide their evil intentions behind a smileC.that they are kind to hide their angerD.that they can hide good evil intentions behind a smileKey: B19.It is generally accepted that speaking in public is also a kind of two-way communication,which of the following is a correct way of eye contact?A.eye contact from both the speaker and the audienceB.eye contact from the speakerC.eye contact from the audienceD.no eye contact at allKey: AII Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1.The most common form of behavior on being introduced to someone in China is bowing.Key: F2.We pass by the foreigners in the street who are strangers to us. Some people stare long andhard at foreigners. This staring may simply reflect curiosity, but often causes the foreigner to feel uncomfortable.Key: Tually when we have a face-to-face talk we look at each other while we speak or listen, nomatter what the relationship is.Key: T4.We express our emotions not only verbally but also through non-verbal channels, and one ofthe main non-verbal channels is facial expression.Key: T5.The Chinese are affectionate to their friends and relatives, but perhaps they show theiraffection in public less than other peoples.Key: T6.Skimming is a type of fast reading which is used when the reader wants to get detailedinformation.Key: F7.While we speak with our vocal organs we converse with our whole body, this sentence meanswe convey a whole variety of information to others with our bodies.Key: T8.Spoken language varies from culture to culture but the language of the hands is always thesame from place to place.Key: F9.Thumbs-up gesture in Greece means that you're praising something or somebody.Key: F10.Since gestures can cause so many cultural misunderstandings, the safe thing to do when youtravel abroad is to keep your hands in your pockets and make as few gestures as possible. Key: F。
国开电大《跨文化交际与汉语教学》期末大作业答案一、案例分析（25分/题，共50分）案例一李老师是一名汉语志愿者教师，在美国大学教口语课。
期末考试的形式为一对一的口语考试，考试的时候，她面对学生，认真倾听学生的口试，记录出现的语音语法错误，尽最大可能做到客观评分。
然而，分数发布以后，一名美国学生对分数提出申诉，理由是：“我在进行口试的时候，老师一直对我微笑，并且频频点头，我以为她对我的口试非常满意，可是为什么给了我这么低的分数！”李老师很迷惑：考试时对学生微笑，是为了缓解学生的紧张情绪；点头是为了鼓励学生继续往下说。
请问，如何理解学生对李老师的误解？如果你是李老师，这件事对你的教学有何启示？请你从非言语交际行为的文化差异、国际汉语教学环境中师生文化冲突两个方面对案例进行分析。
案例二在国内一所大学的短期汉语班上，一位年轻的女汉语教师每次上课都直呼一位六十多岁的日本进修生的名字，这引起了班上一些日本和韩国学生的不满，他们觉得这位年轻的女老师直接叫长辈的名字是不敬的表现。
而班上的法国和美国学生则认为，老师对所有的学生都叫名字，没有什么不对的地方。
请问，学生对老师称呼方式的不同反应体现了怎样的价值观方面的差异？假如你是案例中的这位老师，你会如何称呼这位年长的学生？如何解决这一文化冲突？可以结合文化依附策略来进行分析。
二、文化活动设计（50分/题，共50分）假设你在美国一所小学任教，中秋节快到了，请你为他们设计一个“一起过中秋”的活动。
围绕以下几点考虑：如何根据学生的年龄特点设计活动？可以设计哪些活动？2.如何制造流动性，让学生动起来？3.给学生布置什么任务，使他们用语言完成交际？4.如何让所有学生都参与其中？参考答案一、案例分析案例一参考答案1这个案例涉及到了非言语交际行为的文化差异以及国际汉语教学环境中的师生文化冲突。
让我们从这两个方面来分析学生对李老师的误解以及可能的启示：1. 非言语交际行为的文化差异：微笑：在一些文化中，微笑通常被视为友好和支持的体现，可能会用于鼓励、安慰或者表示满意。
