考研英语二真题及答案

2023年考研英语二真题及答案（考生回忆版）1.A：purchaseB：profitC：connectionD：bet答案：A2.A DefineB.PredictC.PrioritizeD.Appreciate答案：B3.A.exclusivelyB.temporarilyC.potentiallyD.initially答案：C4.A.ExperimentB.ProposalC.DebateD.Example答案：D5.A.DenticalB.MarginalC.ProvisionalD.Traditional答案：A6.A RumorB.SecretC.MythD Problem答案：D7.A DespiteB.UnlikeC.ThroughD Beside答案：D8A.moreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Again答案：A9A.inspectedB.createdC.expandedD.reformed答案：B10.A.CulturalB.ObjectiveC.FreshD.Personal答案：B11.A.EndB.BurdenckD.Decrease答案：C12.A.PolicuyB.SuggestionC.PurposeD.Insight答案：C13.A.ContributingB.AllocatingC.PromotingD.Transforming 答案：D14.A.As a resultB.At any rateC.By the wayD.In a sense 答案：A15.A.UniteB.FinanceC.FollowD.Cloose答案：A16.A.shareB.identifyC.divideD.broaden答案：C17.A.AnnouncementB.AssessmentC.AdjustmentD.Accomplishment答案：C18.A.FamousB.ResponsibleC.AvailableD.Respective答案：B19.A.BeforeB.onceC.whileD.unless答案：C20.A.serveB.limitC.summerizeD.alter答案：D21.the RHS thinks that plastic grassA. is harmful to the environment.B. is a hot topic in gardening circles.C. is overpraised in theD.is ruining the view of WEST London.答案：A22.the petitions mentioned in para 3reveal the campaigner'sA.disapoint with the RHSB.resistance too fake grass useC.anger over the proposed taxD.concern about real grass supply答案：B23、In para 4,supporters of fake grasspoint outA.the necessity to lower the costs of fakegrass.B.the cdisadvantages of groeing realgrass.D、the challenges of iinsect habitat protection.24.what would the government do withregard to artificial grass?A.urge legislation to restrict itsuse.B.take measures to guarantee its qualityC.remind its users to obey existing rules.D.replace it with suatainable alternatives25.It can be learned from the text thatfake grassA.is being improved continuous;yB.has been a market share declineC.is becoming affordableD.has been a controversial product阅读理解It's easy to dismiss as absurd the Trump administration's ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park? But the administration is right about one thing： U.S.national parks are in crisis. Collectively，they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads，trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over on average only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service. Moreover，increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the maior reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily lite.The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks，and we found that Americans place a very high value on them ——whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S.taxpayers， conducted by mail and internet also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this， they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration，their contribution to our cultural and artistic life， and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America' s past alive， working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites ——including Ellis Island and Gettysburg——and to bring the stories of these places to life. The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only S3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile， the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980，and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.26.What problem are us national parks faced with?A.decline of business profitsB.inadequate commercializationck of transportation servicesD.poorly maintained infractructure答案：D27.Increased privatization of the campground mayA.spoil visitor experienceB.help preserve natureC.bring operational pressureD.boost visits to parks答案：A28、According to paragraphs5 most respondents in the survey wouldA、go to the national parks on a regular basisB、advocate a bigger budget for the national parksC、agree to pay extra for the national parksD、support the national parks'rrecent reforms答案：C29、The national parks are valuable in that theyA.lead the way in tourismB.have historical significanceC.sponsor research on climateD.provide an income for the locals答案：B30、It can be conclude from the text that the nationalpark systemA.is able to cope with staff shortagesB.is able to meet visitor'demandsC.is in need of a new pricing policyD.is in need of a funding increase答案：D31.It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patternsA、iimprove user expenenceB、leak user information for profitC、undermine users'decision-makingD、remind users of hidden costs32.The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to showA、their major flawsB、their complex designsC、their severe damageD、their strong presence33.To handle digital deception，businesses shouldA、listen to customer feedbackB、talk with relevant teamsC、turn to independent agenciesD、rely on professional training34.The additional regulations under the CCPA are intended toA、guide users through opt-out processesB、protect consumers from being trickedC、grant companies data privacy rightsD、restrict access to problematic content35、According to the last paragraph,a key to copingwith dark patterns isA、new legal requirementsB、businesses'self-disciplineC、strict regulatory standardsD、consumers'safety awareness36.Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes areA、hard to determineB、narrowly interpretedC、difficult to ignoreD、poorly summarized37.Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat-eating?A、It is common among students.B、It is a behavior easy to measure.C、It is important to students'healthD、It is a hot topic in ethics classes.38,Eric Schwitzgebel's previous findings suggest that ethics professorsA、are seldom critical of their studentsB、are less sociable than other professorsC、are not sensitive to political issuesD、are not necessarily ethically better39、Nina Strohminger thinks that the effect of the intervention isA、permanentB、predictableC、uncertainD、unrepeatable40.Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students'changein behaviorA、can bring psychological benefitsB、can be analyzed statisticallyC、is a result of multiple factorsD、is a sign of self-development阅读理解Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET(10 points)Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes andextensions soaring. Now building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules,which came into effect on Wednesdayin England are part of government plans to reduce the UK's carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years,and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs are already driving up bills.Brian Berry,chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders,says the measures will require new materials,testing methods.Gareth Belsham of surveyors Naismiths,says people who are upgrading or extending their home,will be directing affected.Windows and doors will have to adhere to higherstandards.Thomas Goodman,of MyJobQuote,says this willbrig in new restrictions for extensions.As the rules come into effect last Wednesday property developers Builders which have costed projects,but have not filed the paperwork,my Materials prices are already up 25%in the last two years.John Kelly,a construction lawyer at Freeths lawfirm believes prices will eventually come down.However,the long-tern effects of the changes willbe more comfortable.41.Briam Beny42.Gareth Belsham43.Marous Jefford44.John kelly45.Andrew MellorA.the rise of home prices is a temporary matter.B.Builders possibly need to submit newestimates of their....C.There will be specific limits on home extesibusto premit heat lossD.The new rules will take home price to an evenhigher levelE.Many people feel that home prices are alreadybeyond what they can afford.F.The new rules will affect people whose homeextensious include new windows or doorsG.The changes will benefit homeownerseventually.翻译46.Directions：Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)In the late 18th century，William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism，which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. lts energy and rhythm can capture a reader，transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefull selected words and phrases，poems can be dramatic，funny，beautiful，moving and inspiring .No one knows for sure when poetry began but ithas been around for thousands of years,even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really come to life when they are recited.This can also help with understanding them too，because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。

考研英语二历年真题及答案近年来，越来越多的学子选择考研究生，其中英语科目是考研中的难关之一。

为了能更好地备考英语二，参考历年真题是非常必要的。

本文将为大家提供一些历年考研英语二真题及答案，并对每个题目进行详细解析，帮助考生更好地理解和掌握考点。

第一部分：阅读理解文章一：根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

Passage 1In a few areas of the western United States, a pine tree called the “limber pine” is under attack. If the insects that are attacking it continue to spread, then this tall, slender, cone-bearing tree may become extinct. The destruction would be unfortunate, for the limber pine is a beautiful, hardy tree that has lived there in peace for hundreds of years.The enemies of the limber pine are the beetles called the “mountain pine beetles”. Adult mountain pine beetles lay eggs on the trunks of limber pines. The eggs hatch, and the baby beetles begin to feed on the inner layers of bark. As the baby beetles eat and grow, they dig long tunnels winding through the tree's trunk, leaving behind their jagged trails.Awarding-winning nature photographer Robert Fletcher spends hours wandering through these fascinating tunnels of the beetles. He carefully examin es the damage, maps the length of the tunnel and counts the eggs. “It is like walking through a giant nut looked inside a layer upon layer of peanutbutter”, he says. “Sometimes the infestation is so severe that the tree cannot defend itself and will die.”Mountain pine beetles cause the trunks of the pines to die, and the branches and needles turn reddish-brown, then gray. In fact, millions of trees have already succumbed to the attacks of these insects. The tree is dying by inches, similar to a person who has contracted some terrible disease.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The attack on the limber pine by beetles.B. An award-winning photographer.C. The death of a tree.D. Extinction.解析：文章主要讨论的话题是“攻击延硕山松的甲虫”，所以选项A 是正确答案。

英语考研二真题题型及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）A节（共20分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？- A. 教育是社会发展的关键。

- B. 技术进步改变了教育方式。

- C. 教育应该适应技术的发展。

- D. 教育和经济是相互促进的。

答案：D2. 文章中提到的“终身学习”概念是指什么？- A. 学习是一生的事业。

- B. 学习应该贯穿于个人的整个职业生涯。

- C. 学习是个人发展和适应社会变化的持续过程。

- D. 学习是个人为了适应工作而进行的。

答案：CB节（共20分）3. 根据文章，以下哪项不是现代教育技术的优势？- A. 提高了教育的可访问性。

- B. 促进了个性化学习。

- C. 降低了教育成本。

- D. 限制了学习者的创造力。

答案：D二、完形填空（共20分）在这部分，考生需要阅读一篇短文，然后从四个选项中选择最合适的词或短语来填空。

以下是模拟题目及答案：4. The new policy has been designed to encourage more peopleto take part in sports activities.- A. particularly- B. naturally- C. specifically- D. actually答案：C5. Despite the challenges, the team managed to complete the project on time.- A. Despite- B. Because- C. Since- D. As答案：A三、翻译（共20分）6. 将以下中文句子翻译成英文：- 中文：这个项目的成功在很大程度上取决于团队成员的共同努力。

- 英文：The success of this project largely depends on the joint efforts of the team members.7. 将以下英文句子翻译成中文：- 英文：The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.- 中文：技术的快速发展已经给我们的日常生活带来了重大变化。

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Here’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business, and though you’re making a nice __1__, you need to find a way to take it to the next level. What you need to do is __2__ growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus __3___ on finding ways to grow.Let’s look at a real-world __4___. Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the __5___ departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The __6__ was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And __7__ making improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade. Things changed, __8__, when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, __9__ a growth team and sparked the kind of __10__ perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the __11__ of upgrades wasn’t due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered. Armed with this __12__, the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently ___13____ the premium version to users of the free version. ____14_____, upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth team to succeed, it needs to have a strong leader. It needs someone who can ___15__ the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will __16__ the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the___17___ of these goals. The growth leader is also __18__ for keeping the team focused on moving forward and steering them clear of distractions. __19__ attractive new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t __20___ the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.[A] purchase[B]profit[C]connection[D]bet2.[A] define[B]predict[C]prioritize[D]appreciate3.[A] exclusively[B]temporarily[C]potentially[D]initially4.[A] experiment[B]proposal[C]debate[D]example5.[A] identical[B]marginal[C]provisional[D]traditional6.[A] rumor[B]secret[C]myth[D]problem7. [A] despite[B] unlike [C] through [D] besides8. [A] moreover [B] however[C] therefore [D] again9. [A] inspected [B] created[C] expanded [D] reformed10. [A] cultural [B] objective [C] fresh [D] personal11. [A] end [B] burden [C] lack[D] decrease12. [A] policy [B] suggestion [C] purpose [D] insight13. [A] contributing [B] allocating [C] promoting[D] transforming14. [A] as a result[B] at any rate [C] by the way [D] in a sense15. [A] unite[B] finance [C] follow [D] choose16. [A] share [B] identify[C] divide [D] broaden17.[A] announcement [B] assessment [C] adjustment [D]accomplishment18. [A] famous [B] responsible[C] available [D] respective19. [A] before [B] once [C] while[D] unless20. [A] serve[B] limit [C] summarize [D] alterSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by Choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In the quest for the perfect lawn, homeowners across the country are taking a shortcut — and it is the environment that is paying the price. About eight million square metres of plastic grass is sold each year but opposition has now spread to the highest gardening circles.The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass from this year’s event, declaring it to be not part of its ethos. The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in west London, says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.Ed Horne, of the RHS, said: “We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos and views on plastic. We recommend using real grass because of its environmental benefits, which include supporting wildlife, mitigating flooding and cooling the environment.”The RHS’s decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes. A Twitter account called Shit Lawns, which claims to “cut through the greenwash” of artificial grass, already has more than 20,000 followers. It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. They have gathered 7,260 and 11,272 signatures.However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol. The industry also points out that real grass requires considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more. The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of £500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.In response to another petition last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered 30,000 signatures, the government responded that it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass”.It added: “We prefer to help people and organizations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters. However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”21. The RHS thinks that plastic grass __________.[A] is harmful to the environment[B] is a hot topic in gardening circles[C] is overpraised in the annual show[D] is ruining the view of west London22. The petitions mentioned in para.3 reveal the campaigner's ________.[A] disappointment with the RHS[B] resistance to fake grass use[C] anger over the proposed tax[D] concern above real grass supply23. In para 4, supporters of fake grass point out that_________.[A] the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass[B] the disadvantages of growing real grass[C] the way to take care of artificial lawns[D] the challenges of insect habitat protection24. What would the government do with regard to artificial grass?[A] urge legislation to restrict its use[B] take measures to guarantee its quality[C] remind its users to obey existing rules[D] replace it with sustainable alternatives25. It can be learned from the text that fake grass ________ .[A] is being improved continuously[B] has been a market share decline[C] is becoming affordable[D] has been a controversial productText 2It’s easy to dismiss as absurd the Trump administration’s ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it’s a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park? But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department’s Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service.Moreover, increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks, and we found that Americans place a very high value on them — whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S. taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet, also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life, and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America’s past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites — including Ellis Island and Gettysburg — and to bring the stories of these places to life.The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?[A] decline of business profits[B] inadequate commercialization[C] lack of transportation services[D] poorly maintained infrastructure27. Increased privatization of the campground may_______?[A] spoil visitor experience[B] help preserve nature[C] bring operational pressure[D] boost visits to parks28. According to para.5, most respondents in the survey would ______?[A] go to the national parks on a regular basis[B] advocate a bigger budget for the national parks[C] pay extra for the national parks[D] support the national parks' recent reforms29. The national parks are valuable in that they________[A] lead the way in tourism[B] have historical significance[C] sponsor research on climate[D] provide an income for locals30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system _______[A] is able to cope with shortages[B] is able to meet visitors' demand[C] is in need of a new pricing policy[D] is in need of a funding increaseText 3The Internet may be changing merely what we remember, not our capacity to do so, suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. In 201, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 facts in a computer ("an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain, for example). Half of the participants were told the information would be erased, while the other half were told it would be saved. Guess what? The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers. In the same study, a group was asked to remember their information and the folders it was stored in. They didn't remember their information. But they remembered how to find the folders. In other words, human memory is not deteriorating but "adapting to new communications technology," Sparrow says.In a very practical way, the Internet is becoming an external hard drive for our memories, a process known as "cognitive offloading." "Traditionally, this role was fulfilled by data banks, libraries, and other humans. Your father may never remember birthdays because your mother does, for instance. Some worry that this is having a destructive effect on society, but Sparrow sees an upside. Perhaps, she suggests, the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking -something that isnot available on the Internet." I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things," Sparrow says, adding that we haven't lost our ability to do it.Still, other experts say it's too soon to understand how the Internet affects our brains. There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance, wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons. And surfing the web exercised the brain more than reading did among computer-save older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at the University of California, Los Angeles.There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs, observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm:'It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? At this point, we don't know.31.Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet, the human brain will ________[A] analyze information in detail[B] collect information efficiently[C] switch its focus of memory[D] extend its memory duration32.The process of "cognitive offloading"________[A] helps us identify false information[B] keeps our memory from failing[C] enables us to classify trivial facts[D] lessens our memory burdens33.Which of the following would Sparrow support about the Internet?[A] It may reform our way of learning[B] It may impact our society negatively[C] It may enhance our adaptability to technology[D] It may interfere with our conceptual thinking34. It is indicated in Para 3 that how the Internet affects our brains?[A] requires further academic research[B] is most studies in older adults[C] is reflected in our reading speed[D] depends on our web-surfing habits35. Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree that ________[A] our reliance on the Internet will be costly[B] the Internet is weakening our memory[C] memory exercise is a must for our brain[D] our ability to focus decline with ageText 4Teenagers are paradoxical. That's a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language. But the paradox is scientific as well as personal. In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers, often to the point of self-destruction. Accidental deaths go up dramatically in adolescence.A new study published in the journal Child Development, by Eveline Crone of the University of Leiden and colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative sides of teenagers go hand in hand. The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence. For a long time, scientists and policymakers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem that needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.The researchers studied “prosocial” and rebellious traits in more than 200 children and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old. The participants filled out questionnaires about how often they did things that were altruistic and positive, like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend, or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late. Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior. Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.Most significantly, there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. The teenagers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others. The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? One idea is that teenage behavior is related to what researchers call “reward sensitivity.”Decision-making always involves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and costs. “Reward sensitivity” measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk.Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards—winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you. Reward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. Somehow, when you hit 30, the chance that something exciting and new will happen at that party just doesn’t seem to outweigh the effort of getting up off the couch.36.According to Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to ______[A] develop opposite personality traits[B] see the world in an unreasonable way[C] have fond memories of the past[D] show attention for their parents37.It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Crone's study[A] explores teenagers' social resposibilities[B] examines teenagers' emotional problems[C] provides a new insight into adolescence[D] highlight negative adolescent behaviour38.What does Crone's study find about prosocial behavior?[A] It results from the wish to cooperate[B] It is cultivated through education[C] It is subject to family influence[D] It tends to peak in adolescence39.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers ______[A] overstress their influence on others[B] care a lot about social recognition[C] become anxious about their future[D] endeavor to live a joyful life40. What is the text mainly about?[A] why teenagers are self-contradictory[B] why teenagers are risk-sensitive[C] How teenagers develop prosociality[D] How teenagers become independentPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaringNew building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England, are part of government plans to reduce the UK’s carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, a trade group for small and medium-sized builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, productsand systems to be installed. “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will have to pay more,” he says.Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected.“The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he says. “There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions, and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards, while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.Thomas Goodman, of MyJobQuote, a site which sources quotes, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions.“Glazing on windows, doors and rooflights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss, ” he says.As the rules came into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator, which prices projects.As the changes are aimed to make homes more energy efficient, they will eventually drive down heating bills. But in the short-term homeowners are likely to face higher costs for work. Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years, according to figures from the Construction Products Association. How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear. “While admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,” says Rolande. “An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.”John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future. “As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,” he says. However, the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Andrew Mellor. “Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”[A] The rise of home prices is a temporarymatter.41.Brian Berry [B] Builders possibly need to submit newestimates of their projects.42.Gareth Belsham [C] There will be specific limits on homeextensions to prevent heat loss43.Marcus Jefford [D] The new rules will take home price to aneven higher lever.44.John Kelly [E] Many people feel that home prices arealready beyond what they can afford45.Andrew Mellor [F] The new rules will affect people whosehome extensions include new windows ordoors.[G] The rule changes will benefit homeownerseventually.【参考答案】41.D42.F43.B44.A45.GSection III Translation46. Directions:Translate following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring.No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really cometo life when they are recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.【参考译文】18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。

........................优质文档..........................2020年英语（二）考研真题及参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Being a good parents is of course,what every parent would like to be.But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very_____(1),particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting.A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than_____(2), a younger sibling._____(3),There's another sort of parent that s a bit easier to_____(4)a patient parent.Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.Still,_____(5)every parent would like to be patient,this is no easy_____(6).Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _____(7)and composed style with their kids.I understand this.You're only human,and sometimes your kids can_____(8)you just a little too far.And then the_____(9)happens:You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too_____(10)and does nobody any good.You wish that you could_____(11)the clock and start over,we've all been there._____(12),even though it's common,it's important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue.you can say something to your child that you may _____(13)for a long time.This may not only do damage to your relationship with. your child but also_____(14)your child's self-esteem.If you consistently lose your_____(15)with your kids.then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids.We are all becoming increasingly aware of the_____(16)of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life.In fact,the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when_____(17)by stress is one of the most important of all life's skills.Certainly,it's incredibly_____(18)to maintain patience at all times with your children.A more practical goal is to try to the best of your ability,to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with_____(19)situations involving your children.I can promise you this:As a result of working toward this goal.you and your children will benefit and_____(20)from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1.A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky2.A in addition B for example C at once D by accident3.A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually4.A amuse B assist C describe D train5.A while B because C unless D once6.A answer B task C choice D access7.A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical8.A move B drag C push D send9.A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable10.A boring B naive C harsh D vague11.A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up12.A overall B instead C however D otherwise13.A like B miss C believe D regret14.A raise B affect C justify D reflect15.A time B bond C race D cool16.A nature B secret C importance D context17.A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted18.A terrible B hard C strange D wrong19.A trying B changing C exciting D surprising20.A hide B emerge C withdraw D escapeSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial for5our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across18trials each,the living rats were52percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21.Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________[A]pick up social signals from non-living rats[B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[C]attain sociable traits through special training[D]send out warning messages to their fellow22.What did the social robot do during the experiment?[A]It followed the social robot.[B]It played with some toys.[C]It set the trapped rats free.[D]It moved around alone.23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they________[A]tried to practice a means of escape[B]expected it to do the same in return[C]wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24.James Wiles notes that rats________[A]can remember other rat's facial features[B]differentiate smells better than sizes[C]respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25.It can be learned from the text that rats________[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings[B]are more socially active than other animals[C]behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText2It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make300times the pay of typical workers on average,and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates,gone up by about500%The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earning1%have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It's not popular to say,but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.Today's CEO,at least for major American firms,must have many mere skills than simply being able to“run the company"CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors,as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant.Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that system requires knowledge that is farly mind-boggling plus,virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well.By most measures,corporate governmance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the1970s.Yet it is principally during this period of stronger govemnance that CEO pay has been high and rising.That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.”Furthermore,the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates,not to the cozy insider picks,another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company.And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to,say,stock prices,a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.26.Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?[A]The growth in the number of corporations[B]The general pay rise with a better economy[C]Increased business opportunities for top firms[D]Close cooperation among leading economiespared with their predecessors,today's CEOs are required to______[A]foster a stronger sense of teamwork[B]finance more research and development[C]establish closer ties with tech companies[D]operate more globalized companies28.CEO pay has been rising since the1970s despite______[A]continual internal opposition[B]strict corporate governance[C]conservative business strategies[D]Repeated government warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps______[A]confirm the status of CEOs[B]motivate inside candidates[C]boost the efficiency of CEOs[D]increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be______[A]CEOs Are Not Overpaid[B]CEO Pay:Past and Present[C]CEOs'challenges of Today[D]CEO Traits:Not Easy to DefineText3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars.Seven months and one election day later,a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone,a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign,despite its success in improving air quality.A judge has now overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines,ordering them reinstated.But with legal battles ahead,the zone's future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses,the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious,and therefore vulnerable.That s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers一who must pay fees or buy better vehicles一rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It's not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London.The new ultra-low emission zone(Ulez)is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election.And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in2021as he intends,it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It's not that measures such as London's Ulez are useless.Far from it.Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents'health in the face of a serious threat.The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits-fewer heart attacks,strokes and premature births,less cancer,dementia and asthma.Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.They are acting because national governments一Britain s and others across Europe-have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas-city centres,。

考研英语(二)真题解析+答案[完整版]Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with – or even looking at – a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to the phones, even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality – our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings –because there’s __2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ into your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__:”Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide __5__ our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.” We fear we’ll be __7__. We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently__8__to us, so we are more likely to feel__9__when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we_ 10_ to our phones.” Phones become our security blanket,” Wortmann says.”They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11___”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t ___12___so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a __13___. They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow __14___.”When Dr. Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to __15___how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their __16___ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,” The New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they __17__with the experiment,” not a single person reported having been embarrassed”__18__, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, whichmakes absolute sense, ___19___human beings thrive off of social connections. It’s that ___20___: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.选项及答案：1. [A]signal [B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2. [A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much3. [A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4. [A]sign [B]code [C]notice [D]message5. [A]under [B]behind [C]beyond [D]from6. [A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misadjusted [D]misinterpreted7. [A]replaced [B]fired [C]judged [D]delayed8. [A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9. [A]comfortable [B]confident [C]anxious [D]angry10. [A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn11. [A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12. [A]hurt [B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13. [A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14. [A]passengers [B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15. [A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design16. [A]voyage [B]ride [C]walk [D]flight17. [A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18. [A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple [D]rare[page]原文及答案：While the subway's arrival may be ambiguous, one thing about your commute is certain: No one wants to talk to each other. In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 signal underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 much to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it,3 plugged into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 message: 'Please don't approach me.'What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 behind our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach and author of 'Hijacked by Your Brain: How to Free Yourself When Stress Takes Over.' We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 misinterpreted as 'creepy,' he told The Huffington Post. We fear we'll be 7 judged. We fear we'll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently8 unfamiliar to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 anxious when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 turn to our phones. 'Phones become our security blanket,' Wortmann says. 'They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 dangerous.'But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't12 hurt so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 conversation. The duo had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow14 passengers. 'When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to15 predict how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their16 ride would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,' the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they17 went through with the experiment, 'not a single person reported having been snubbed.'18 In fact, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 since human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 simple: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected. The train ride is a fortuity for social connection -- 'the stuff of life,' Wortmann says. Even seemingly trivial interactions can boost mood and increase the sense of belonging. A study similar in hypothesis to Eply and Schroder's published in Social Psychological & Personality Science asked participants to smile, make eye contact and chatwith their cashier. Those who engaged with the cashier experienced better moods -- and even reported a better shopping experience than those who avoided superfluous conversation.分析：文章节选自2014.5.16 赫芬顿邮报，难度与2014/2013持平，明显比模考时的文章容易。

2023年考研英语二真题及答案完好版2023年考研英语二真题及答案完好版考研英语二真题：Section I Use of EnglishDirections： Read the following text. Choose the best word〔s〕 for each numbered black and mark A，B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 〔10 points〕Harlan Coben believes that if you are a writer，you will find the time； and that if you can＇t find the time， then writing isn＇t a priority， and you are not a writer. For him， writing is a __1__ job—a job like any other. He has __2__ it with plumbing，pointing out that a plumber doesn＇t wake up and say that he can＇t work with pipes today.__3__， like most writers these days， you＇re holding down a job to pay the bills， it＇s not __4__ to find the time to write. But it＇s not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. __5__ that most bestselling authors began writing when theywere doing other things to earn a living. And today，even writers who are fairly __6__ often have to do other work to __7__ their writing ine.As Harlan Coben has suggested it＇s a __8__ of priorities. To make writing a priority， you＇ll have to __9__ some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy.There＇s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for， __16__ your writing and that＇s reading. Any write needs to read as much and as wildly as they can. It＇s the one __17__ supporter—something you can＇t do without.1. [A] difficult [B] normal [C] steady [D] pleasant2. [A] bined [B] pared [C] confused [D] confronted3. [A] If [B] Though [C] Once [D] Unless4. [A] enough [B] strange [C] wrong [D] easy5. [A] Accept [B] Explain [C] Remember [D] Suppose6. [A] well-known [B] well-advised [C] well-informed [D] well-chosen7. [A] donate [B] generate [C] supplement [D] calculate8. [A] cause [B] purpose [C] question [D] condition9. [A] highlight [B] sacrifice [C] continue [D] explore10. [A] relations [B] interests [C] memories [D] skills11. [A] until [B] because [C] while [D] before12. [A] put up with [B] make up for [C] hang onto[D] cut down on13. [A] intelligent [B] occasional [C] intensive[D] emotional14. [A] habit [B] test [C] decision [D] plan15. [A] tough [B] gentle [C] rapid [D] funny16. [A] in place of [B] in charge of [C] in response to [D] in addition to17. [A] indispensable [B] innovative [C] invisible[D] instant18. [A] duller [B] harder [C] quieter [D] quicker19. [A] peacefully [B] generously [C] productively[D] gratefully20. [A] at most [B] in turn [C] on average [D] above allSection II Reading prehensionPart ADirections： Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A， B， C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 〔40 points〕Text 1＂I＇m excited about our progresses，＂ says Brown， who harvests eggs for Denver-based Nest Fresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds＇waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements ＂allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land， the hens， and the eggs that we supply to our customers.＂The egg industry＇s push is the first major testof whether animal products from regenerative farms canbee the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade， organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats， but both have exploded into major supermarket categories. If the sustainable-egg roll out is successful， it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef broccoli and beyond.Regenerative products could be a hard sell，because the concept is tough to define quickly， says Julie Stanton， associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such farming also brings minimal， if any，improvement to the food products 〔though some producers say their eggs have more protein〕.The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range， non-GMO， and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change， and some ofthe success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the enviro____ent. Young adults ＂really care about the pla，＂ says John Brunnquell altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they＇re doing.＂[A] at a considerably low cost[B] at the demand of regular shoppers[C] as a replacement for organic eggs[D] on specially designed farms22. Larry Brown is excited about his progress in__________[A] reducing the damage of worms[B] accelerating the disposal of waste[C] creating a sustainable system[D] attracting customers to his products23. The exle of organic eggs is used in the fourth paragraph is to suggest ________[A] the doubts to over natural feeds[B] the setbacks in the eggs industry[C] the potential of regenerative products[D] the promotional success of super markets24. It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people __________[A] are reluctant to change their diet[C] are curious about new food[D] are amazed at agriculture advance25. John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerative products in __________[A] markets prospects[B] nutritional value[C] standard definition[D] moral implicationText 2One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life， according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of ＂unretirees＂—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring—said they would be employed in their lateryears even if they had enough money to settle down，the survey showed.＂The concept of retirement is evolving，＂ said Christine Russell， senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. ＂It＇s not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.＂One reason for the change in retirement patterns：Americans are living longer. The share of the population 65 and older was 16%in 2023， up 3.2% from the prior year， according to the U.S Census Bureau. That＇s also up 30.2% since 2023.Because of longer life spans， Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs，the TD Ameritrade study showed， which surveyed 2000 adults between 40 to 79. Six in 10 ＂unretirees＂ are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life， according to the survey. Among the most popular ways they are doing this， the pany said， is by reducing their overall expenses， securing lifeinsurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts.＂The most challenging moments in life are getting married， starting a family and ultimatelyretiring，＂ Facet Wealth cofounder Brent Weiss told USA Today. ＂It＇s not just a financial decision， but an emotional one. Many people believe they can＇t retire.＂26. The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that __________[A] over half of the retirees are physically fit for work[B] the old workforce is as active as the younger one[C] one in three Americans enjoy earlierretirement[D] more Americans are willing to work in retirement[A] retirement may cause problems for them[B] boredom can be relieved after retirement[C] the mental health of retirees is overlooked[D] ＂unretirement＂ contributes to the economy28. Retirement patterns are changing partly due to __________[A] labor shortages[B] population growth[C] longer life expectancy[D] rising living costs29. Many retires are increasing in savings by__________[A] investing more in stocks[B] taking up odd jobs[C] getting well paid work30. With regard to retirement， Brent Weiss thinks that many people are __________[A] unprepared[B] unafraid[C] disappointed[D] enthusiasticText 3We have all encountered them， in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the timesyou felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel something that should be simple and transparent can be plicated， intentionally or unintentionally， in ways that impair consumer choice. These are exles of dark patterns.First coined in 2023 by user experience expert Harry Brignull，＂dark patterns＂ is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of mon dark patterns，ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to roach motel， where user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start， but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.Where is the line between ethical， persuasive design and dark patterns？ Businesses should engage in conversations with IT， pliance， risk， and legal teams to review their privacy policy， and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the pany＇s userinterface， as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups checkout baskets， pricing，and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding ＂digital deception＂.Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns， most recently at the state level. In March， the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act 〔CCPA〕 that ensures that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights. The regulations aim to ban dark pattern—this means prohibiting panies from using confusing language or unnecessary steps such asforcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn＇t opt out.As more states consider promulgating additional regulations， there is a need for greater accountability from within the business munity. Dark patterns also be addressed on a self-regulatory basis， but only if organizations hold themselvesaccountable， not just to legal requirements， but also to industry best practices and standard.31. It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patterns __________.[A] improve user experiences[B] leak user information for profit[C] undermine users＇ decision-making[D] remind users of hidden costs32. The 2023 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show __________.[A] their major flaws[B] their plex designs[C] their severe damage[D] their strong presence33. To handle digital deception， businesses should __________.[A] listen to customer feedback[B] talk with relevant teams[D] rely on professional training[A] guide users through opt-out processes[B] protect consumers from being tricked[C] grant panies data privacy rights[D] restrict access to problematic content35. According to the last paragraph， a key to coping with dark patterns is __________.[A] new legal requirements[B] businesses＇ self -discipline[C] strict regulatory standards[D] consumers＇ safety awarenessText 4Although ethics classes are mon around the world，scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior， evidence either way is weak，relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that， in at least one real-world situation， a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.The researchers investigated one class sessions＇impact on eating meat. They chose this particular behavior for three reasons， according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel， a philosopher at theUniversity of California， Riverside： students＇attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable，behavior is easily measurable， and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good becauseit reduces enviro____ental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat，optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead.Then， unknown to the students， the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester—nearly 14，000 receipts for almost 500 students. Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect； he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors， including voting rates，blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics， meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent-and this effect held steady for the study＇sduration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.That＇s actually a pretty large effect for apretty small intervention， Schwitzgebel says. Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania， who was not involved in the study，says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real she notes， it might be reversible by another nudge：＂Easy e， easy go.＂Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence - classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism， showing it as achievable or more mon. Second， the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing， he thinks， was rational argument， although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now there searchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style， teaching assistant＇s eating habits and students＇ videoexposure Meanwhile Schwitzgebel who had predicted no effect-will be eating his words.36. Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are __________.[A] hard to determine[B] narrowly interpreted[C] difficult to ignore[D] poorly summarized37. Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat-eating？[A] It is mon among students.[B] It is a behavior easy to measure.[C] It is important to students＇ health.[D] It is a hot topic in ethics classes38. Eric Schwitzgebel＇s previous findings suggest that ethics professors __________.[A] are seldom critical of their students[B] are less sociable than other professors[C] are not sensitive to political issues[D] are not necessarily ethically better39. Nina Strohminger thinks that effect of the intervention is __________.[A] permanent[B] predictable[C] uncertain[D] unrepeatable40. Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students＇change in behavior __________.[A] can bring psychological benefits[B] can be analyzed statistically[C] is a result of multiple factors[D] is a sign of self-developmentPart BDirections： Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph 〔41-45〕. There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. 〔10 points〕[A] Make it a habit[B] Don＇t go it alone[C] Start low， go slow[D] Talk with your doctor[E] Listen to your body[F] Go through the motions[G] Round out your routineHow to Get Active AgainGetting back into exercise after a break can be a challenge in the best of times， but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days， it can be tricky to know where to start. And it is important to get the right dose ofactivity. ＂Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout，＂ says Mary Yoke， PhD， a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington. The following simple strategies will help you return to exercise safely after a break.41. ___________________________Don＇t try to go back to what you were doing before your break. If you were walking 3 miles a day，playing 18 holes of golf three times a week， orlifting 10-pound dumbbells for three sets of 10 reps，reduce activity to half a mile every other day， or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days， or use 5-pound dumbbells for one set of 10 reps. Increase time， distance， and intensity gradually. ＂This isn＇t something you can do overnight，＂ says Keri L. Denay， MD. lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages Americans to not overlook the benefits of activity during the pandemic. But you＇ll reap benefits such as less anxiety and improved sleep right away.42. ___________________________If you＇re breathing too hard to talk in plete sentences， back off. If you feel good， go a little longer or faster. Feeling wiped out after a session？Go easier next time. And stay alert to serious symptoms， such as chest pain or pressure， severe shortness of breath or dizziness， or faintness， and seek medical attention immediately.43. ___________________________44. ___________________________Even if you can＇t yet do a favorite activity，you can practice the moves. With or without a club or racket swing like you＇re hitting the ball. Paddlelike you＇re in a kayak or canoe. Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your musclesfor when you can get out there again.45. ___________________________Section III Translation46. Directions： In this section there is a textin English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. 〔15 points〕Although we try out best， sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned. Changes in the light， the limitations of your painting materials，and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not e to life the way that you expected.Although this can be frustrating and disappointing， it turns out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits：you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realize that when one door closes， another opens. You also quickly learn to adapt and e up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents and thinking outside the box will bee your second nature.In fact， creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life， with which you are more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions：Suppose you are planning a cus food festival，write an email to international students in your university to1〕 introduce the food festival2〕 invite them to participateYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET. 〔10 points〕Do not use your own name. Use ＂Li Ming＂ instead.Part B48. Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing， you should1〕 interpret the chart and2〕 give your mentsYou should write about 150 words in the ANSWER SHEET. 〔15 points〕考研英语二答案：Section I Use of English1-5 BBADC 6-10 ACCBB 11-15 CDBAA 16-20 DADCDSection II Reading prehension21-25 DCCBA 26-30 DACDA 31-35 CDBBB 36-40 ABDCC41-45 CEAFBSection III Translation46. 参考译文虽然我们会竭尽全力，但有时我们的画作还是会和我们本来设想的不太一样。

考研英语二真题及答案完形填空Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Man-made climate change, or global warming, has become a hot topic in recent years. It refers to long-term changes in the earth's temperature attributed mainly to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in 1 atmosphere, which trap more heat. There has been a heated debate over the causes and the effects of 2 change, and ways to address the issue.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the United Nations in 1988 to assess the scientific, technical, and socio-economic information relevant to the understanding of climate change. 3 the IPCC has highlighted that there is strong evidence that human activities have caused the observed increase in greenhouse gases, the uncertainties surrounding climate change still persist.In the context of climate change 4 , the term "mitigation" refers to measures taken to reduce or prevent the emission of greenhouse gases in order to limit or prevent the extent of climate change. Examples of mitigation 5 adopting renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, and improving energy efficiency in buildings and transportation.Mitigation 6 also include afforestation, which is the establishment of forests where there were none previously, as forests absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and help reduce greenhouse gas levels.Adaptation, on the other hand, refers to the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climate change. This is 7 important for vulnerable communities and ecosystems that are exposed to the impacts of climate change. Examples of adaptation measures 8 the construction of sea walls to protect coastal areas from rising sea levels, developing drought-resistant crops to combat water scarcity, and implementing early warning systems for extreme weather events.Addressing climate change requires concerted efforts from all countries around the world, as it is a global issue that 9 no boundaries. The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015 by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), aims to strengthen the global response to climate change and limit the global temperature increase to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.In conclusion, man-made climate change is a pressing issue that requires urgent action. Both mitigation and adaptation measures will be necessary to address the causes and impacts of climate change. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to minimize the effects of global warming and ensure a sustainable future for our planet.1. A. each B. an C. our D. the2. A. this B. that C. such D. these3. A. While B. Although C. However D. Moreover4. A. discussion B. debate C. analysis D. context5. A. cover B. match C. include D. select6. A. could B. might C. will D. can7. A. particularly B. partially C. extremely D. officially8. A. provide B. involve C. require D. consist9. A. recognizes B. exceeds C. accepts D. crosses答案:1. D2. C3. B4. D5. C6. D7. A8. C9. C参考译文:第A部分说明：下面短文中有15个空白，每个空白通常有四个选项。

考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】英语二真题：Section 1 Use of EninglishDirections :Millions of Americans and foreigners see as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used tobe .To the men and women who（ 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the the （2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who（ 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept incold foxholes,who went without the（ 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,（5) an average guy ,up（ 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not . is just a military abbreviation （7) GovernmentIssue ,and it was on all of the article（ 8) to soldiers .And JoeA common name for a guy who never （9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,JoeMagrac …a working class United States has（ 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portraydethemselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, . Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means[C]from the outset [D]at that pointSection II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. answer the question after each text bychoosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even manyparents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. Schooldistricts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, arerevising their thinking on his educational ritual. Unfortunately, .Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with theexception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for morethan 10% of a student’s academic grade.This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students fromimpoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. Butthe policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should beassigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if thedistrict is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do theirhomework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close tothe implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a pat ofschooling: teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. Butwith homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students caneasily skip half their homework and see vey little difference on theirreport cards. Some students might do well on state tests withoutcompleting their homework, but what about the students who performed wellon the tests and did their homeworkIt is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather than empoweringteachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes aflat, across-the-board rule.At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thornyquestions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportantto its students’ academic achievement, it should move to reduce oreliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing.Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that the homework studentsare not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for . Unified to do homework right.is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____.[A] is receiving more criticism[B]is no longer an educational ritual[C]is not required for advanced courses[D]is gaining more preferences[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education[B]have asked for a different educational standard[C]may have problems finishing their homework[D]have voiced their complaints about homeworkto Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____.[A]discourage students from doing homework[B]result in students' indifference to their report cards[C]undermine the authority of state tests[D]restrict teachers' power in education24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether______. [A] it should be eliminated[B]it counts much in schooling[C]it places extra burdens on teachers[D]it is important for gradessuitable title for this text could be______.[A]Wrong Interpretation of an Educational Policy[B]A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students[C]Thorny Questions about Homework[D]A Faulty Approach to HomeworkText2Pretty in pink: adult women do not rememer being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.Girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel versionof red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kins, including our core beliefs abouttheir psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phasewas something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, acdording to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacrurers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone” betweeninfant wear and older kids’ clothes. Tt was only after “toddler”becamea common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults,into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest waysto segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.saying "it is...the rainbow"(Line 3, ,the author means pink______.[A]should not be the sole representation of girlhood[B]should not be associated with girls' innocence[C]cannot explain girls' lack of imagination[D]cannot influence girls' lives and intereststo Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?[A]Colours are encoded in girls' DNA.[B]Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.[C]Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.[D]White is prefered by babies.author suggests that our perception of children's psychological development was much influenced by_____.[A]the marketing of products for children[B]the observation of children's nature[C]researches into children's behavior[D]studies of childhood consumptionmay learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advisedto_____.[A]focus on infant wear and older kids' clothes[B]attach equal importance to different genders[C]classify consumers into smaller groups[D]create some common shoppers' termscan be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.[A] clearly explained by their inborn tendency[B]fully understood by clothing manufacturers[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen[D]well interpreted by psychological expertsText3'%“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholbpatents totwogenssthathelpforecastawoman',acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessing tofirmsandpatientsalike.“isnolessaproductofnature...thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromc ottonseeds.”Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,,.AS the industry advances ,however,other suits may have an even greater are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules-most are already patented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genes intcract,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy,companies are ea ger to win patents for ‘connecting the dits’,expaains hans sauer,alawyer for the BIO.Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO rtcently held a convention which included seddions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.canbe learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like-----executives to be activeto rule out gene patentingto be patcntablcBIO to issue a warningwho are against gene patents believe that----tests are not reliableman-made products are patentableon genes depend much on innovatiaonshould restrict access to gene tic teststo hans sauer ,companies are eager to win patents for----disease comelationsgene interactionspictures of geneshuman DNAsaying “each meeting was packed”(line4,para6)the author means that -----supreme court was authoritativeBIO was a powerful organizationpatenting was a great concernwere keen to attend conventiongsspeaking ,the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is----Text 4The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends,it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it islikely to reshape our politics,our culture, and the character of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become lessmaterialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the . ,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one,. Indeed, this period of economic weakness mayreinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentmentthat has always been hidden winthin American society. More difficult, in the moment , is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the . was more socially tolerant entering this resession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape oursocial fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.saying “to find silver linings”(Line 1,the author suggest that the jobless try to___.[A]seek subsidies from the govemment[B]explore reasons for the unermployment[C]make profits from the troubled economy[D]look on the bright side of the recessionto Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____.[A]realize the national dream[B]struggle against each other[C]challenge their lifestyle[D]reconsider their lifestyleFriedman believe that economic recessions may_____.[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants[B]bring out more evils of human nature[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms[D]ease conflicts between races and classesresearch of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____.[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’[D]recover more quickly than the othersauthor thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.[A]certain[B]positive[C]trivial[D]destructivePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,”wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favouritehistorical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch beganwork on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus – On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned onits head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist's personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists and explores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wrote Smiles."what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man, real, living man who doesall that.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding — from gender to race to cultural studies — were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.Section III Translation:Translate the following text from English into your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15 points)When people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usually concerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developedworld ,These are the kind of workers that countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates .Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education,compared with around %of all Indians over the age of "brain drain "has long bothered policymakers in poor countries ,They fear that it hurts their economies ,depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities ,worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make .Section IV WritingPart ASuppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an onlin store the other day ,Write an email to the customer service center to1)make a complaint and2)demand a prompt solutionYou should write about 100words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter ,Use "zhang wei "instead .48、write an essay based on the following table .In your writing you should1)describe the table ,and2)give your commentsYou should write at least 150 words(15points)英语二答案：完形填空：TEXT1：21. ATEXT2：TEXT3：TEXT4：新题型：41-45：AFGCE 翻译、写作见后面详解详解1.【答案】B 从空后的句子“他们解放的人们”可以看出，空前的句子表示的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人。

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is consideredobese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for ,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity own hospital system has bannedsugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured、【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

2024年考研英语二真题试卷及答案解析(完整版)2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Reading the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered black and mark A,B,C or D onthe ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Your social life is defined as the activities you do with other people,for pleasure,when you are notworking.It is important to have a social life,but what is right for one person won't be right for another.Some of us feel energized by spending lots of time with others,_1_some of us may feel drained,even ifit's doing something we enjoy.This is why finding a__2_in your social life is key.Spending too much time on your own,not__3_others,can make you feel lonely and_4_.lomeliness is known to impact on your mental health and_5_a low mood.Anyone can feel lonely at any time.This might be especially true if,__6__,you are workingfrom home and you are __7__on the social conversations that happen in the office.Other lifechanges also_8_periods of loneliness too,such as retirement,changing a job or becoming a parent.It's important to recognize feelings or loneliness.There are ways to __9___a social life.But it can feeloverwhelming __10.You can then find groups and activities related to those where you will be able tomeet__11__people.There are groups aimed at new parents,at those who want to_12_a new sport forthe first time or networking events for those in the same profession to meet up and __13_ideas.On the other hand,it is__14_possible to have too much of a social life.If you feel like you're alwaysdoing something and there is never any __15_in your calendar for downtime,you could suffer socialbunout or social _16_.We all have our own social limit and it's important to recognize when you'refeeling like it's all too much.Low mood,low energy,irritability and trouble sleeping could all be_17ofpoor social health.Make sure you _18__some time in your diary when you're _19_for socialising anduse this time to relax,__20__and recover.1.A.becauseB.unlessC.whereasD.until2.A.contrastB.balanceC,linkD.gap3.A.secingB.pleasingC.judgingD.teaching4.A.misguidedB.surprisedC.spoiledD.disconnected5.A.contribute toB.rely onC.interfere withD.go against6.A.in factB.of courseC.for examplsD,on average7.A.cutting backB.missing outC.breaking inD.looking down8.A.shortenB.triggerC.followD.interrupt9.A.assessB,interprelC,providsD.regain10.at firstB.in turnC.on timeD.by chance11.far-sightedB.strong-willedC.kind-heartedD.like-m inded12.A.tnyB.promoteC.watchD.describe13.A.testB.shareC,acceptD.revise14.A.alreadyB.thusC.alsoD.only15.A.visitB,orderC.spaceD,boundary16.A.[atigueB.criticismC.injusticeD.dilemma17.A.sourcesB.standardsC.signsD.scores18.A.take overB.wipe offC,add upD.mark out19.A.ungratefu]B.unavailsblgC.responsiblkD.regretfu l20.A.reactB.repeatC,retunD.restSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark youranswers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Anger over AI's role in exacerbating inequality could endanger the technology's future.In her new bookCogs and Monsters:What Economics Is,and What It Should Be,Diane Coyle,an economist at CambridgeUnivcrsity,argues that the digital economy requires new ways of thinking about progress."Whatever wemean by the economy growing,by things getting better,the gains will have to be more evenly shared than inthe recent past,"she writes."An economy of tech millionaires or billionaires and gig workers,withmiddle-income jobs undercut by automation,will not be politically sustainable."Improving living standards and increasing prosperity for more people will require greater use of digitaltechnologies to boost productivity in various sectors,including health care and construction,says Coyle.Butpeople can't be expected to embrace the changes if they're not seeing the benefits—if they'rejust seeinggood jobs being destroyed.In a recent interview with MIT Technology Review,Coyle said she fears that tech's inequality problemcould be a roadblock to deploying AI."We're talking about disruption,"she says."These are transformativetechnologies that change the ways we spend our time every day,that change business models that succeed.”To make such 'tremendous changes,"she adds,you need social buy-in.Instead,says Coyle,resentment is simmering among many as the benefits are perceived to go to elites ina handful of prosperous cities.According to the Brookings Institution,a short list of eight American cities that included San Francisco,San Jose,Boston,and Seattle had roughly 38%of all tech jobs by 2019.New AI technologies areparticularly concentrated:Brookings's Mark Muro and Sifan Liu estimate that just 15 cities account fortwo-thirds of the AI assets and capabilities in the United States(San Francisco and San Jose alone accountfor about one-quarter).The dominance of a few cities in the invention and commercialization of AI means thatgeographicaldisparities in wealth will continue to soar.Not only will this foster political and social unrest,but it could,asCoyle suggests,hold back the sorts of AI technologies needed for regional economies to grow.Part of the solution could lie in somehow loosening the stranglehold that Big Tech has on defining theAI agenda.That will likely take increased federal funding for research independent of the tech giants.Muroand others have suggested hefty federal funding to help create US regional innovation centers,for example.A more immediate response is to broaden our digital imaginations to conceive of AI technologies thatdon't simply replace jobs but expand opportunities in the sectors that different parts of the country care mostabout,like health care,education,and manufacturing.21.Coyle argues that economie growth should_A.give rise to innovationsB.diversity career choicesC.benefit people equallyD.be promoted forcedly22.In Paragraph 2,digital technologies should be used to.A.bring about instant prosperityB.reduce people's workloadC.raisc ovcrall work cfficicncyD.enhance cross-sector cooperation23.What does Coyle fear about transformative technologics?A.They may affect work-life balance.B.They may be impractical to deploy.C.They may incur huge expenditure.D.They may unwelcome to public.24.Several cities are mentioned toA.the uneven distribution of Al technology in USB.disappointing prospect of jobs in USC.fast progress of US regional economicsD.increasing significance of US AI assets25.With regard to concern,the author suggest________.A.raising funds to start new AI projectsB.encouraging collaboration in AI researchC.guarding against side effectsD.redefine the role ofAIText 2The UK is facing a future construction crisisbecause of a failure to plant trees to produce wood,Conforhas warned.The forestry and wood trade body has called for urgent action to reduce the country's relianceon timber imports and provide a stable supply of wood for future generations.Currently only 20 percent ofthe UK's wood requirement is home-grown while it remains the sccond-largest net importer of timber in theworld.Coming at a time of fresh incentives from the UK government for landowners to grow more trees,thetrade body says these don't go far enough and fail to promote the benefits of planting them to boost timbersupplies.“Not only are we facing a carbon crisis now,but we will also be facing a future construction crisisbecause of failure to plant trees to produce wood."said Stuart Goodall,chief executive of Confor."Fordecades we have not taken responsibility for investing in our domestic wood supply,leaving us exposed tofluctuating prices and fighting for future supplies of wood as global demand rises and our own supplies fall."The UK has ideal conditions for growing wood to build low-carbon homes and is a global leader incertifying that its forests are sustainably managed,Confor says.While around three quarters ofScottishhomes are built from Scottish timber,the use of home-grown wood in England is only around 25 percent.While productive tree planting can deliver real financial benefits to rural economies and contribute to theUK's net-zero strategy,the focus of government support continues to be on food production and therewinding and planting of native woodland solely for biodiversity.Goodall add:“While food productionand biodiversity are clearly of critical importance,we need our land to also provide secure supplies of woodfor construction,manufacturing and contribute to net zero.“While the UK govemment has stated its ambition for more tree planting,there has been little action onthe ground."Confor is now calling for much greater impetus bchind those aspirations to ensure we haveenough wood to meet increasing demand."26.It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that UK need to____.A.increase domestic wood supplyB.reduce demand for timberC.lower wood production costsD.lift control on timber imports27.According to Confor,UK government fresh incentives______.A.can hardly address construction crisisB.are believed to come at wrong timeC.seem to be misleadingD.too costly to put into practice28.The UK exposure to fuctuating wood prices is the result of________.ernment's inaction on timber importB.inadequate investment for woodpetition among traders at homeD.wood producers'motive to maximize profits29.Which of following causes the shortage of wood supply?A.excessive timber consumption in constructionB.unfavorable conditions in UKC.outdated technology for wood productionD.farmers'unwillingness to plan trees30.What does Goodall think US government should do?A.Subsidize the buildingB.Pay attention to rural economyC.Provide support for tree plantingD.Give priority to pursue net-zero strategyText 3One big challenge in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road is convincing them that it is time totumover the key.It is a complete life-changer when someone stops-or is forced to stop -driving,said formerrisk manager Anne M.Menke.The American Medical Association advises physicians that in situation where clear evidence ofsubstantial driving impairment implies a strong threat to patient and public safety,and where the physician'sadvice to discontinue driving privileges is ignored,it is desirable and ethical to notify the Department ofMotor Vehicles,Menke wrote."Some states require physicians to report,others allow but do not mandatereports,while a few consider a report breach of confidentiality.There could be liability and penalties if aphysician does not act in accordance with state laws on reporting and confidentiality "she counseled.Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piccemeal bydifferent professions with different focuses,including gerontologists,highway administration officials,automotive engineers and others,said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan."There's not a National Institute ofOlder Driver Studies,"she said."We need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe"and what can help,said DuganOne thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for license renewal.Mandatoryin-person renewal was associated with a 31 percent reduction in fatal crashes involving drivers 85 or older,according to one study.Passing vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers,although there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.Many old drivers don't see eye doctors or can't afford to.Primary care providers have their hands fulland may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can't turn theirheads or remember where they are going—or have gotten shorter and haven't changed their seat settingssufficiently to reach car pedals easily, As long as there are other cars on the roads,self-driving cars won't solve the problems of crashes,saidDugan.Avoiding dangers posed by all those human drivers would require to many algorithms,she said.Butwe need to do more to improve safety,said Dugan."If we're going to have 100-year lives,we need cars thata 90-year-old can drive comfortably."31.Aecording to Paragraphl,keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road_ .A.is a ncw safety measureB.has become a disputed issueC.can be a tough task to completeD.will be beneficial to their health32.The American medical associations advice_ .A.has won support from driversB.is generally considered unrealisticC.is wide dismissed as unnecessaryD.has met with different responses33.According to Dugan,efforts to keep older drivers safe.A.have brought about big changesB.necd to be well coordinatedChave gained public concermD.call for relevant legal support34.Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to_ .A.stick with bad driving habitsB.have a weakened memoryC.suffer from chronic painsD.neglect car maintenance35.Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in__A.npgrading self-driving vehicleB.developing senior-friendly carsC.renovating transport facilitiesD.adjusting the age limit for driversText 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its naturalconstruction,the interaction of fresh and saline waters,and the mix of land and water.The shallowsprovide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water,and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the U.S.Supreme Court issued a ruling in anidaho case that provides the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)far less authority toregulate wetlands and waterways.Specifically,a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected bythe EPA under its Clean Water Act authority must have a "continuous surface connection"to bodiesof water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators andother commereial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries "significantrepereussions for water quality and floodcontrol throughout the United States,"as Justice BrettKavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlandsprotections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay.The reality is that water,and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respeet stateboundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64,000-square-mile watershed that extends into Virginia,Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackettv.EPA?Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights ofland owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's a reminder that theEPA's involvement in the ChesapeakeBay Program has long been crucial as the means to transcendthe influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to useone telling example,aren't thinking about next year's blue erabharvest in Maryland when theydecide whether to sprend animal waste on their fields,yet the runoff into nearby creeks can haveenormous impact downstream.And so we would eall on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing theirown wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stakes involved.We can offer thema visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where bald engles fly overtidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatie life.It'sworth the scenic drive.36.A.the prevalence of health apps37.A.Its coverage needs to be extended.38.Before sharing its users'health information,Flo Health is required to___.A.seek the approval of the FTCB.find qualified third partiesC.remove irrelevant personal dataD.obtain their explicit permission39.What challenges is the FTC currently faced with?A.The complexity of health information.B.The rapid increase in new health apps.C.The subtle deceptiveness of health apps.D.The difficulty in assessing consumer harm.40.D.has gained legislative support in some statesPart BDirections;Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its correspondinginformation in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on theANSWER SHEET.(10 points)High school students eager to stand out in the college application process often participate in a litany ofextracurricular activities hoping to bolster their chances of admission a selective undergraduate institution.However,college admissions experts say that the quality of a college hopeful's extracurricular activitiesmatter more than the number of activities.he or she participates in.Sue Rexford,the director of college guidance at the Charles.E.Smith Jewish Day School,says it is notnecessary for a student,filling out the Common Application to list lo activities in the application.“No”college will expect that a students has a huge laundry list of extracurriculars that they have beenpassionately involved in each for an tended periodof time,"Rexfon d wrote in an email.Experts say it is toughen to distinguish oneself in a school-affiliated extracurricular activity that iscommon among high school students than it is to stand out while doing an uncommon activity.The competition to stand out and make an impact is going to be much stiffer,and so if they 're going todo a popular activity,Id say,be the best at it."says Sara Harherson,a college admission consultant.High school students who have an impressive personal project they are working on independently oftenimpress colleges,experts say."For example,a student with an interest in entrepreneurship could demonstrate skills and potential bystarting a profitable small business."Olivia Valdes,the founder or Zen Admissions consulting firm,wrote inan emailJosoph Adegboyega—Edun,a Maryland High school guidance counselor,says unconventional,extracurricular activities can help students,impress college admissions offices,assuming they demonstrated,serious commitment."Again,since one of the big question.high school seniors muse consider is"Whatmakes you unique?"having anuncommon,extracurricular activity,a conventional one is an advantage,"hewrote in an email.Experts say demonstrating talent in at lcast one extracurricular activity can help in the collegeadmissions process,especially at top-tier undergraduate institutions."Distinguishing yourself in one focused type of extracurricular activity can be a positive in theadmissions process,especially for highly selective institutions,where having top grades and test scores isnot enough,"Katie Kelley admissions counselor at Ivy Wise admissions consullancy,wrote in anemail.“Students need to have that quality or hook that will appeal to admissions officers and allow them tovisualize how the student might come and enrich their campus community."Extracurricular activities related to the college major declared on a college application are beneficial,experts suggest."If you already know your major,having an extracurricular that fits into that major can be abig plus,"says Mayghin Levine,the manager of educational opportunities with The Cabhage PatchSettlement House,a Louisville,Kentucky,nonprofit community center.High school students who have had a strong positive influence on their community through anextracurricular activity may impress a college and win a scholarship,says Erica Gwyn,a former math andscience magnet program assistant at a publie high school who is now executive director of the KaleidoscopeCareers Academy in Atlanta,a nonprofit organization.41.Sue Rexford42.Sara Harberson43.Katie Kelley44.Mayghin Levine45.Erica Gwyn口EABA.Students who stand out in a specific extracurricular activity will be favored by top-tier institutions.B.Students whose extracurricular activity has benefited their community are likely to win a scholarship.C.Undertaking too many extracurricular activities will hardly be seen as a plus by colleges.D.Student who exhibits activity in doing business can impress colleges.E.High school students participating in popular activity should excel in it.F.Engaging in uncommon activity can demonstrate Students'determination and dedication.G.It is advisable for students to choose an extracurricular activity that is related to their future study atcollege.Section III Translation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English.Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translationon the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)With the smell of coffee and fresh bread floating in the air,stalls bursting with colourful vegetables andtempting cheese,and the buzz of friendly chats,farmers'markets are a feast for the senses.They alsoprovide an opportunity to talk to the people responsible for growing or raising your food,support your localeconomy and pick up fresh seasonal produce …-all at the same time.Farmers'markets are usually weekly or monthlyevents,most often with outdoor stalls,which allowsfarmers or producers to sell their food directly to customers.The size or regularity of markets can vary fromseason to season,depending on the area's agriculture calendar,and you are likely to find different produceon sale at diferent times of the year.By cutting out the middlemen,the farmers secure more profit for theirproduce.Shoppers also benefit from seeing exactly where---and to who their money is going.参考译文·空气中弥漫着咖啡和新鲜面包的香味，摊位上摆满了五颜六色的蔬菜和诱人的奶酪，人们友好地聊天，农贸市场完全是一场感官盛宴。

2023考研英语二新题型真题及答案解析2023考研英语二新题型真题 Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A–G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41–45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Five ways to make conversation with anyone in choosing a new home, Camille McClain’s kids have a single demand: a backyard.McClain’s little ones aren’t the only kids who have an option when it es to housing, and in many cases youngsters’ views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2023 Harris Poll survey of more than 2000 US adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, reality agents and psychologists have mixedviews about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids’ opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decisionis a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, and Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said.Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home- without actually getting a choice in the matter, said ADAM Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they’re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of home buying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. Andplacing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.” Hson said.The other issue is that many children - especially older ones - may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside , Calif .“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. “HGTV has seriouslyc hanged how people view real estate. It’s notshelter , it’s a lifestyle. With that mindset change e some serious money consequences.”“Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made con tingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best- and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas oftheir children, despite the current housing crunch.2023考研英语二新题型答案解析 41.【D】解析：根据Ryan Hooper定位到文章第四段和第五段，其中第五段提到：“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said. 其中，significant moves和children 都在D选项中复现，而children may face serious difficulties 与D选项中的..may pose challenges to children是同义交换，故D为正确答案。

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语二）参考答案及解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishHere’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 ,upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。

2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题本试题来源于考生回忆，仅供学习参考，请勿用作其他用途!一、Section I Use of English1. Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.Harlan Coben believes that if you're a writer,you’ll find the time; and that if you can’t find the time,then writing isn't a priority and you’re not a writer.For him,writing is a 【A1】iob-a job like any other. He has 【A2】it with plumbing,pointing out that a plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today.【A3】,like most writers these days,you're holiday down a job to pay the bills,it’s not 【A4】to find the time to write.But it's not impossible.It requires determination and single-mindedness. 【A5】that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living.And today,even writers who are fairly 【A6】often have to do other work to 【A7】their writing income.As Harlan Coben has suggested,it's a 【A8】of priorities. To make writing a priority, you’ll have to 【A9】some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your 【A10】and your lifestyle,that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music,though some people can write 【A11】they listen to music. You might have to【A12】t he amount of exercise or sport you do.You’ll have to make social media an 【A13】activity rather than a daily,time-consuming 【A14】.There’1l probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with your family.It's a 【A15】learning curve,and it won’t always make you popular.There's just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for,【A16】your writing-and that's reading.Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can;it's the one 【A17】 supporter-something you ca n’t do without.Time is finite. The older you get,the 【A18】it seems to go. We need to use it as carefully and as 【A19】as we can. That means prioritising our activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do.If you’re a writer,that means 【A20】writing(1), 【A1】A.difficultB.normal √C.steadyD.pleasant解析：difficult 困难normal正常的steady持续地、平稳地pleasant讨人喜欢的。

2002 Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．Since 1981,farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life．Farmers who have voluntarily adopted these measures are compensated by the European Union．The goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem fanning,such as declines in species diversity and the disturbance of local nesting grounds．The“green”methods of farming cost the European Union about billion Euros annually．This is about 4 percent of the budget for“Common Agricultural Policy,”and the compensation is expected to rise to 10 percent within the next few years．Various forms of“green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals．Part V Writing30 minutes,15 pointsDirections：You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “What I Consider Important in Life”．Your composition should be based on the Chinese outline given below．1．人生有不同的目标：富有、名气、地位、幸福的家庭等…2．其中我认为重要的是…；理由是…3．结论…2003Paper TwoPart V Translation 30 minutes, 15 pointsDirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has com e from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day－at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take-but tries to answer the question why.Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles－as well as pleases－today’s high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.Part VI Writing 30 minutes, 15 pointsDirections: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “Lifelong Learning”. You should base your composition on the Chineseoutline given below:1.终身学习对每个人的重要性;2.终身学习的方式有多种…3.你认为你应该采取哪种方式, 为什么2004Paper TwoPart V Transl ation 3 0 minutes,l 5 pointsDirections：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEETOne of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments to other users．This is a very good thing．If I’m working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file,I can do so very quickly and easily,without having to fax it to him．This saves on long distance bills and printing costs．It also,however,presents a problem,because attachments can take a long time to download．For those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service,unwanted attachments can be quite costly and time-consuming．I once had someone send me fifteen large image files,and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just to download one of them．So,in short,if you’re going to send an attachment,get permission first．Part VI Writing 30 minutes,15 pointsDirections：You are to write in no less than 120 words on the title of “College Students Should NotBe Permitted to Live Off Campus”．You are totake a position, either for or against the matter, and give your reasons．You should base your composition on the following Chinese outline．近年来大学生在校外租房居住的现象越来越多,这个问题已引起社会各界的关注;人们对这一现象的看法不一,各持己见;1．你对这个问题的观点是…2．理由是……3．结论……2006Part V Translation 30 minutes, 10 pointsDirections:Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translationon the ANSWER SHEET.Each year in the United States more people are killed or injured in accidents--athome, at work or school, at play, or while traveling-than were killed or injured in theVietnam war. In the early 1990s. about half of these accidental deaths were the resultof motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were falls, fires,and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are theprimary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home.Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents areknown as safely measures. Safety is a growing concern around the world, and safetyskills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have come torealize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possibleto predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simply"happen". Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.Part VI Writing 30 minutes, 15 pointsDirections:You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic "On theSignificance of the Qing-Zang Railroad". Your composition should be based on theChinese clues given below.青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车;请简单地谈谈青藏铁路建成和通车的重大意义,如经济、文化、旅游等方面;注：西藏：Tibet；西藏的、西藏人、藏语：Tibetan2007Part V Translation 30 minutes,10 pointsDirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation o n the ANSWER SHEET.Getting a proper amount of rest is absolutely essential for build ing your energy resources. If you frequently work far into the night o r have a poor sleep, it stands to reason that you may start to feel a little run down. Though everybody is different, most people need at le ast seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to function at th eir best.If you have been lacking energy, try going to bed earlier at nigh t. If you can wake up feeling well-rested, it will be an indication th at you are starting to get an appropriate amount of sleep at night. If you sleep more than eight hours every night but still don't feel ener getic, you may actually be getting too much sleep.Once in while, you are bound to have nights where you don't get a n adequate amount of sleep. When your schedule permits you can also co nsider taking a short sleep during the day, for sometimes taking a nap is the perfect way to recharge your batteries.Part ⅥWriting 30 minutes,15 pointsDirections: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic”Entering C ollege: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams'. Your composition sh ould be based on the Chinese clues given below.中央电视台“圆梦行动”的公益节目旨在动员社会力量捐助贫困学子圆大学之梦;你的作文可以：1对贫困学于是否应受到捐助发表你的看法;或者2举一个贫困学子需要帮助的例子;Part IV Translation35 minutes,15 points第一句：Since 1981,farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life．译文：自1981年以来,荷兰农民受鼓励一直采用那些认为是有利于植物和鸟类的“绿色”耕种技术;注：1．本句句子结构较复杂,考生应该在认真分析句子结构的基础上进行翻译;主语是“farmers”,谓语部分使用的被动形式而且时态为现在完成时—“have been encouraged”;后面的不定式to引导的都是主语补足语;其中“that”引导的是一个定语从句修饰先行词“techniques”;2．在翻译本句时,切不可采用一字一句翻译;而是要根据中文的行文规范调整语序;而且要注意到中文和英文各自得语言特点;英文中多使用被动语态,而中文中多使用主动形式;所以本句中两处被动形式应该适当改变;第二句：The goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem farming, …译文：该项目的目的是消除现代农业所带来的负面影响,……注：1．本句中不定式短语做表语;2．介词“against”在这儿不要直译为“反对”,而是根据句子意思译为“消除”;第三句：Various forms of “green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals．译文：世界各地采用的各种形式的“绿色耕种”已证明是成功的;所有被认为对环境有影响的新方法都应该接受科学评估,以确定它们是否真正达到了预期日标;注：1．“and”连接的两个并列句;前一个句子中注意有一个过去分词短语“employed around the world”做后置定语;后一个句子同样也有一个过去分词短语“thought to be environmentally sensitive”做后置定语;注意翻译时,应把这两个后置定语翻译到主语的前面;2．be subject to本意为“受支配, 从属于, 可以……的, 常遭受……”,在这儿应该转译为“接受”;2003年试题参考答案及解析Part V Translation在香港,代沟的问题很严重,十几岁的孩子很少向父母或老师征询意见;不管是性、艾滋病、学校中遇到的麻烦,还是家庭问题,他们都认为大人们是帮不上任何忙的;迄今为止,没人问过香港的年轻人：“你在想什么”然而,香港大学的杰弗里·戴博士所做的研究使我们对香港年轻人的情感有了一些了解;他对年轻人的调查,重点不是问他们服用多少种毒品之类的问题,而是试图找到其中缘由;戴博士计划在下周全面解释研究的结果;他希望研究能揭示当今高中学生的喜和忧;研究结论不仅将送呈政府部门,也将通报参加这项调查的学校;Part VI WritingIn today’s society, life-long learning has become very important for everyone. This is because one needs to renew his knowledge continuously in order to meet the needs of his work and fast development of the society.There are several ways for one to take a life-long learning. One way is to take a part-time education program. It means that one is learning part time while he is working. The program could be at undergraduate level or graduate level. The second way is to study by oneself. You can learn whatever you need for yourwork on your own. You can learn from books, from TV programs or from Internet or radio.In my opinion, life-long learning is necessary for us. We should choose one of the ways mentioned above, which depends on your own personal preference and interest. I prefer the first one because this kind of learning is systematic and formal. With the help of the teachers, it is easier to learn and quicker to get what you need for your work.Part V Translation第一句：The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything.译文：在香港,代沟的问题很严重,以至于十几岁的孩子很少向父母或老师征询意见;注：1．本句中包含一个so…that…句型,意为“如此……以至于……”;2．generation gap 代沟；turn to 求助于;第二句：Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.译文：不管是性、艾滋病、学校中遇到的麻烦,还是家庭问题,他们认为大人们都帮不上忙;注：1．whether引导的状语从句,表示“无论,不管”;2．注意要将主句adults are not considered up to the job中的被动变主动;3．注意不要将the job直译为这项工作;第三句：Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think”译文：迄今为止,没人问过香港的年轻人：“你在想什么”注：until now 迄今为止第四句：Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day－at the University of Hong Kong.译文：然而,香港大学的杰弗里·戴博士所做的研究使我们对香港年轻人的情感有了一些了解;注：1．前先要理解come from含义：来自于……;2．注意本句语序的调整;为符合汉语表达习惯,必须将原句的主语和宾语调换位置;3．however是插入语,翻译时应提到句子最前面;第五句：His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take—but tries to answer the question why.译文：他对年轻人的调查,重点不是问他们服用多少种毒品之类的问题,而是试图找到其中缘由;注：1．注意not…but…结构,意为“不是……而是……”;2．注意for example的翻译;本句是在句中的一个例子,如果译为“例如”句子就不太通顺,因此应译为“…之类的问题”更为恰当;3．注意answer the question why的翻译;这里应采用意译较好,译为“找到其中的缘由”;4．focus on 集中,重点是；take drugs 服用毒品注意不要译为吃药第六句：Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles－as well as pleases－today’s high-school students. 译文：戴博士计划在下周全面解释研究的结果,他希望研究能揭示当今高中学生的喜和忧;注：1．首先分析一下句子结构：主干为：主语Dr. Day+谓语动词hopes+宾语从句；宾语从句的主语后面接了一个which引导的非限定性定语从句；该宾语从句中的宾语又是what引导的一个宾语从句;2．从整体上看,本句应采用分译法;先译定语从句,再译其它;3．注意what引导的宾语从句的翻译;首先, as well as连接并列成分；其次,注意将动词trouble和please转换成名词;第七句：Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.译文：研究结论不仅将送呈政府部门,也将通报参加这项调查的学校;注：1．注意not only…but also…连接并列成份;2．要适当运用增词法;Conclusions应译为“研究结论”；the schools which took part后面省略了in the survey,翻译时应将其补充完整,即译为“参加这项调查的学校”;Part VI Writing 30 minutes, 15 points略2004年试题参考答案及解析Part V Translation电子邮件真正的优点之一就在于它允许我们以附件的形式给其他的用户发送文件,这一点非常好;比如,我和一个同事一起工作的时候,我想发一份图象文件或是文字文件给他,通过电子邮件就可以很方便很快捷地搞定,而不必使用传真;这就节省了长途费用和打印成本;但是,电子邮件也会带来问题;因为附件的下载可能需要很长时间;对于我们这些按小时支付网费的人来说,多余的附件可能是相当耗费时间和金钱的;我曾经接收过15个大的图片文件;我的电脑竟用了20分钟才载下来一个图片;所以,简言之,如果你要发附件给别人的话,事先一定要争得对方的许可;Part VI Writing 30 minutes,15 pointsIn recent years, the number of college students who live off campus has been increasing, which attracts the widespread attention in the whole society. As to this special phenomenon, different people have different opinions. As a person who was a student, I think this behavior should be banned. My reasons are as follows:The first and the most important one is that living off campus is not beneficial to study. Being college students, young people should spare no effort to study hard to broaden their horizons. Living off campus means they are away from classroom, library and laboratory. So it may bring much more trouble to them. Second, when college students live off campus they will be estranged from their classmates, which is harmful to their ability to communicate with others. Thus, majority of them don’t have good friends so that they are easy to feel lonely and unhappy. Third, their living off campus will put a financial burden on their family and themselves. In general, college students are still financed by their family. If they want to live off campus, they have to ask more money from their family and make money in their spare time. It is a heavy burden they have to shoulder.In a word, I don’t approve of college students’living off campus. It will disturb the students’ normal life. Therefore colleges should establish rules to ban college students’ living off campus.Part V Translation 3 0 minutes,l 5 points第一句：One of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments to other users．译文：电子邮件真正的优点之一就在于它允许我们以附件的形式给其他的用户发送文件,这一点非常好;注：1．首先注意结构：句中包含一个that引导的表语从句;2．注意nice features不要直译为好的特点,应译成优点;3．注意as attachments 应译为以附件的形式;第二句：This is a very good thing．译文：这一点非常好;注：注意运用词性的转换：a very good thing可译为非常好,而不是一件非常好的事情; 第三句：If I’m working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file,I can do so very quickly and easily,without having to fax it to him．译文：比如,我和一个同事一起工作的时候,我想发一份图象文件或是文字文件给他,通过电子邮件就可以很方便很快捷地搞定,而不必使用传真;注：1．首先搞清句子结构;主句是“I can do so very quickly and easily”, 前面是一个if 引导的条件状语从句,另外后面还包含一个without引出的介词短语做伴随状语;2．条件句中包含一个and连接的并列结构,可直接分译,无须将and译出；另外并列结构有时可根据具体情况处理成主从句,比如本句的前半部分就可译成时间状语从句;3．注意适当增减词语;减词：1send him an image file or a word file中后面的不定冠词可省去不译；2I can do so中的主语I 可省去不译；3fax it to him中的it to him均可省去不译;增词：翻译I can do so very quickly and easily一句时,根据上下文必须将“通过电子邮件”补充出来,否则句意表达不清;4．注意do so 是对前面发送文件的替换,这里可直接译成搞定或完成;第四句：This saves on long distance bills and printing costs．译文：这就节省了长途费用和打印成本;注：注意on long distance bills不要直译成长途帐单,应译为长途费用;第五句：It also,however,presents a problem,because attachments can take a long time to download．译文：但是,电子邮件也会带来问题,因为附件的下载可能需要很长时间;注：1．首先注意however应提到句首来译;2．注意要将代词it转译成它所代替的名词,即：电子邮件;3．注意语序的适当调整：attachments can take a long time to download中to download翻译时应提到主语位置;第六句：For those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service,unwanted attachments can be quite costly and time-consuming．译文：对于我们这些按小时支付网费的人来说,多余的附件可能是相当耗费时间和金钱的;注：1．首先注意those of us 后定语从句的翻译：应将其译到所修饰词的前面；另外pay by the hour是表示按小时付费;2．注意costly and time-consuming应译为：耗费时间和金钱;第七句：I once had someone send me fifteen large image files,and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just to download one of them．译文：我曾经接收过15个大的图片文件,我的电脑用了20分钟,居然才载下来一个图片;注：1．had someone send me…表示“让某人发送给我…”,可转译为“我曾经接收过…”;2．it tied up my computer for 20 minutes注意不要直译成“束缚了我的电脑20分钟”,直接译成“我的电脑用了20分钟”即可;3．注意just或onlyto do 表示结果;4．one of them代词应译成它所代替的相应的名词,即：一个图片;第八句：So,in short,if you’re going to send an attachment,get permission first．译文：所以,简言之,如果你要发附件给别人的话,事先一定要争得对方的许可;注：1．in short意为“简而言之”;2．注意适当增词：如果你要发附件给别人的话,事先一定要争得对方的许可,括号中的词如略去的话,句子的表达就会显得不够完整; Part VI Writing 30 minutes, 15 points略2006年在职攻读MBA硕士学位研究生全国联考英语试题参考答案Part V Translation 30 minutes, 10 points在美国,每年因家庭、工作、学校、玩乐或旅行中的意外事故而伤或亡的人数比越战中的伤亡人数都多;二十世纪九十年代初期,约一半左右的意外死亡是汽车事故造成的的,此外,摔死、火灾和中毒也是主要原因;在世界范围内看,汽车造成的事故是意外死亡的首要根源,紧随其后的工业事故和家庭中的意外死亡;为减少或消除产生意外事故的危险而付出的努力称之之为安全措施;安全在全世界越来越受关注,安全技能正得到前所未有的重视;人们已经认识到,安全技能是可学的,大多数安全专家也一致认为,绝大部分意外事故是可预测的,也能采取措施加以避免;只有为数不多的意外事故是自己发生的,大多数则是愚昧、粗心、懈怠或缺乏技能带来的后果;Part VI Writing 30 minutes, 15 pointsIt is in Qinghai on July 1 that the Qing-Zang Railroad was completed and open to traffic officially. And in the same day, our President Hu Jingtao cut the ribbon personally at the opening ceremony. This great event made every Chinese all over the world extremely cheerful. As a main artery to Tibet and western regions, the Qing-Zhang Railroad is of great significance to China and Chinese people.Undoubtedly the significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad can be clearly seen not only in economy and culture but also in tourism. To begin with, the Qing-Zang Railroad will drive the economic development of the western part of China and attract more and more investors to invest in these areas. In addition, the Qing-Zang Railroad will foster the cultural and tourist development of Qinghai and Tibet. An increasing number of people from all over the world will come to Tibet and Qinghai for traveling, which will provide a good chance for the people in the world to know Tibet and Qinghai. As shown in our previous discussion, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that the Qing-ZangRailroad will bring China historic and realistic significance. Of course, we should not neglect the environmental and ecological protection while making full use of the Qing-Zang Railroad. 2112007年在职英语答案PartⅤTranslation 参考译文获得适量的休息对于积聚你的体能而言是绝对必要的．如果你经常工作到深夜或者睡眠不佳,那说明你可能开始感到有点疲乏;尽管因人而异,绝大多数人每晚需要至少7~8小时的睡眠,身体功能才会最佳;如果你一直缺乏精力,请尝试晚上早些就寝．如果你醒来时感到休息得很好,这说明你夜间的睡眠量已开始正常．如果你每晚的睡眠超过8小时,仍然不能感到精力充沛,实际上你可能睡眠过量了．你注定偶尔会有睡眠不足之夜;当你的作息时间允许时,你也可以考虑白天小睡,因为有时小睡片刻是为你的体能电池“再充电”的最佳方式．PartⅥWriting参考范文：Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams Though great importance is attached to public education, many qual ified students in poverty-stricken regions fail to enter university du e to economic reasons.These students are generally from the least developed part of our country. Only higher education can change their fate: they will be oth erwise just like their forefathers toiling in the fields day after day and seeing no future, which simply means the whole region will be stu ck in a vicious circle and its further development will be impossible. If the needy youngsters are to get support from the society, thewhole situation will be different. In universities, they will haveaccess to more information and advanced technology. Consequently,they can equip themselves with innovative creativity and adequateskills to serve their hometown and to return the support theybenefit from the society. 2010范文一：ONE 例文：Dear :I am writing you this letter to express my gratitude first for you kindness and hospitality towards me. During my visit of sino-American cultural exchange in your country, I've learned a lot about your people's custom and speical culture. Your help and guidance is so important for me.I'm now quite interested in american culture and hope to further know it in the future. As the world globalization developes, I think this is of great significance for both of us. The other thing is that I'd like to ask you to have a visit in china in due course. Then I can have the opportunity to welcome you back and show you something about our Chinese culture. Hope you can come soonYour sincerelyZhangwei。

考研英语二真题及参考答案真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。

Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

(10 points)Happy people work differently。

They’re more productive，more creative， and willing to take greater risks。

And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work，too。

Companies located in place with happier people invest more， according to a recent research paper。

2 ， firms in happy places spend more on RD(research and development)。

That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longerterm thinking 3 for making investment for the future。

The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risktaking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。

So they compared U.S。

cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。