医学英语词根词缀
Suffix Meaning Example
-ac pertaining to
属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的
-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine
-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule
分子的
-ary pertaining to
belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的
-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts
starch to sugar 淀粉酶
-cle smallness
小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊
-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for
examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx
喉的, 喉音的
-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕
-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin
有毒的；因中毒引起的
-ics study of; name of a science
p aediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学
-ine/in substance 物质 insulin ：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素 -ism
process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist
one who specializes in 精通于……的人 pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 -itis
inflammation refers to a part in ……部位的炎症 rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 -(i)um
relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 endometrium: inner lining of the uter 子宫内膜 -ive
characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing 止咳药 -let
tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴 -ment the result or product of an d evelopment: thing which develops or
is being developed; action of becoming
action
mature -oid resembling; like
像
mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的 -ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure
in the middle of the centrosome
细胞中心粒；中心体
-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the
skin
皮肤纤维瘤
-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that
responds to various stimuli 感受器，
受体
-ory characterized by; pertaining to
suspensory: which is hanging down
悬吊式，悬带
-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey
and some fruit 果糖
-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition
of a hidden nail 嵌甲
-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also
containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的
-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid
核糖体
-um structure; thing; substance m agnesium: a white metallic chemical
结构，物质
substance 镁（金属元素） -y condition; act; process dystrophy:
disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营
养不良 The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix
Meaning Example -algia
pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase
enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，
原始血细胞
-carcinom a
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma:
malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌 -cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of
the esophagus 食管突出
-centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 p aracentesis: surgical puncture of a
cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿
刺术
-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血
液二氧化碳缺乏
-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill
germs
杀菌剂
-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white
blood cell, which can surround and
