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新东⽅在线⾼考英语秘招“括号法”新东⽅在线李辉众所周知，“⼤量阅读”是快速提升英语成绩的重要⼿段。
在进⾏⾼考英语阅读训练时，“长难句”可谓让⼈头疼的⼤⿇烦。
那么，有没有⼀种简便⽅法能让我们迅速破解长难句呢？当然有！只要你真⼼渴望提升⾼考英语成绩，愿意拿出只要你真⼼渴望提升⾼考英语成绩，愿意拿出2~3个⼩时英研读本⽂，研读本⽂，就⼀定能够在不远的将来创造奇迹。
新东⽅在线⾼考英语辅导李辉⽼师结合过去⼋年教学实践经验，通过分析英语句⼦中的重要特点——“三长两短⼀并列”——创造了⼀套简单⽽有效的⽅法，即“组件分析三步法”（江湖⼈称“括号法”），帮助学员快速看清英语句⼦结构，轻松读懂长难句。
为帮助量学员了解“括号法”的神奇魅⼒，辉辉⽼师决定将这个⽅法撰⽂公开。
帮助⼤家早学会，早。
什么是“三长两短⼀并列”我们先来看两句话：①我是李辉。
(I am LiHui.) ②我爱你。
(I love you.)这两句话中只有“主⼲成分”⽽没有“修饰成分”。
像这样的句⼦，中⽂和英⽂的“语序”(单词排列顺序)基本是⼀致的，都是“主—系—表”或者“主—谓—宾”，理解起来⾮常容易。
然⽽，在加上修饰成分后，中⽂与英⽂句⼦之间的语序就会发⽣变化。
来看两个例⼦：①我是新东⽅的李辉。
(I am LiHui from New Oriental School.) ②我全⼼全意地爱你。
(I love you with all my heart.) 从例⼦中可以看出，修饰成分在中英⽂中出现的位置是不⼀样的。
⽽当⼀个句⼦中有很多个修饰成分时，该句⼦就会变得很长，不易理解。
例如：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office. 这个句⼦中含有⼤量的“介词短语”这种修饰成分。
长难句步骤Step1：找“三长”，画括号；找并列部分，用“□”标出并列连词（and, or, but, as well as）,用”△”标出并列项；找并列项时，先找B，再找A。
例：A～～and B～～.注解1：“三长“画法：①介词短语：介词开始，名词结束。
②从句：标志词开始，到句尾或出现下个非并列的谓语动词。
③非谓语动词：直接画“非谓语动词+名词“✧非谓语动词的形式及意思。
to do 不定式----将做，要做，未作表目的动名词doing----事儿分词：doing/done----doing主动动作，done被动动作【分词常做后置定语】✧动名词doing和现在分词doing怎么来区分？1.doing作主语。
eg: Saving the earth is my job.2.doing作宾语。
eg: She likes smiling.3.doing介词后。
eg: He becomes a top student by studying until midnight.注解2：若出现下个括号，上个括号强制结束。
若在从句中，出现主语带介词短语，从句和非谓语动词，我们用中括号标注最初的从句，小括号标注中括号内的括号。
Eg：The fact [that members (of one culture )do not express their emotions asopenly( as do members)( of another)] does not mean (that they do not experience emotions).Step2:逐个括号来翻译，每个括号里的第一个词都是“问词”，括号内剩余部分都是“答语”，老外喜欢用“一问一答”的形式来创造长难句。
Step3:“后修”变“前修”，合理地删减或增加相应的词，就是地道的中文。
历届高考英语长难句100句精选1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.（NMET2003.C篇）这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet. （NMET2003.E篇）由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
【高中资料】10分钟学会“括号法”，高考英语长难句迎刃而解！高中英语学习中，特别是阅读理解中，“长难句”最麻烦。
今天和同学们分享通过分析英语句子中的重要特点“三长两短一并列”，江湖人称“括号法”，助同学们轻松解决长难句问题！资源简介：首先介绍了在长难句经常听到的“三长两短一并列”之后介绍了怎么给“三长两短一并列”做标记。
最后总结了一下，三步搞定长难句。
三步搞定长难句看到这里大家有没有恍然大悟，原来英语句子都是由“主干部分+三长两短一并列”组成的，我们可把这个“三长两短一并列”称为构成英语句子的“组件”。
想要快速读懂一个句子，就要快速识别并准确译出每一个组件，再按照一定的逻辑将一个个组件连接起来。
这就是“组件分析三步法”。
Step 1: 做标记（预处理）做标记时应按照上文中的方法，给“三长”加括号，给并列词加方框，给并列项划下划线。
【例句】Li Hui is a teacher teaching English inBeijing which is the capital of China.这个句子做完标记后为：Li Hui is a teacher (teachingEnglish) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of China). 可以看出，做完标记后的句子层次变得清晰了很多，很容易就能看出该句子是由一个主系表结构的主干加上四个修饰成分组成的。
原句直译起来稍显复杂，但是加上括号之后，每一小节都能轻松看懂。
不过在标记时要注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就应果断将上一修饰成分结束掉，而不要管上一修饰成分本身结束了没有，即允许括号连括号，尽量避免括号套括号。
Step 2: 做直译经过Step 1的标记之后，句中的修饰成分都被我们用括号标注了出来，而不带括号的主干成分自然浮现在我们眼前，整个句子变成了“一小节一小节”的形式，每一小节都能轻松直接翻译出来。
在翻译句子时，可利用“提问和回答”的方式将一个个的括号连接起来。
英语括号法
英语括号法是一种语法分析方法，可以帮助理解长难句的结构和含义。
下面是对英语括号法的详细介绍：
- 介词短语：从介词开始到名词结束、表达一个独立的完整的含义的结构。
标记介词短语时，要从介词开始到介词之后的第一个名词终止，如at home、in the school、in the beautiful park等。
- 从句：复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、which、if、although等关系词引导的非主句部分。
在使用括号法时，需要注意正确识别介词短语和从句，并根据语境和逻辑关系正确理解句子的意思。
括号法可以帮助你更轻松地理解英语长难句，提高阅读和理解能力。
1. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printersstart working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，虽然几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。
高考英语长难句-—-历届高考英语长难句100句精选1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. （NMET2003.C篇）这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出,曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难,包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句.2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e—mail is introduced， the printers start working overtime. That is， the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet。
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1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique。
这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展,她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析:夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语,动名词及两个定语从句。
2。
It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers， although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced， the printers start working overtime. That is， the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的,然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你,当引进电子邮件后,打印机就开始超时工作。
（完整word版）高中英语必修一长难句高中英语必修一长难句1.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 1-12.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 1-43.The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. 1-24.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.1-45.At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England. 1-2 改成定语从句6.The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 1-47.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 1-48.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 1-49.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 1-410.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. 1-511.It was a prison from which no one escaped.12.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoke n today. 1-213.Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us. 1-314.Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. 1-115.She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” 1--116.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 1-117.As the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare opena window. 1-118.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice. 1-319.Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. 1-220.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it e nds. 1-321.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 1-122.After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. 1-523.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed...only then did we decide toanswer violence with violence.24.Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office. 1-525. I am proud to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land. 1-526.Luckily Mr. Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around my old prison on Robben Island.1-5。
姓名，年级：时间：第二讲破译长难句——关键理清句子主干英语句子有长有短,有简有繁,从表象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸；但从实质看，可以发现许多内在联系和共同规律。
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,其实英语中最基本的句型只有五种，其他各种句型都是由这五种基本句型演变而来的。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
主语＋谓语（不及物动词）此句型的句子有—个共同特点：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫作不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
The sun|set.太阳落下。
What he said｜does not matter.他所说的不重要.They｜had talked for half an hour when I came in。
当我进来时他们已经谈了半小时了.His parents|have worked in the factory for more than ten years.他父母在这家工厂工作了十年多了。
主语＋谓语(及物动词）＋宾语此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟—个宾语（即动作的承受者)才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫作及物动词。
He｜enjoys|reading。
他喜欢阅读.They|ate｜what was left over。
他们吃的是剩饭。
He|said｜“Good morning。
”他说：“早上好。
”主语＋连系动词＋表语此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫作连系动词.连系动词分两类：be，look，keep，smell等属一类，表示状态；get，grow，become，turn,fall等属另一类，表示变化.be本身没有什么意义，只起连接主语和表语的作用.其他系动词仍保持其部分词义.This|is|an English。
高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解一个英语句子之所以难以理解，有许多原因，其中一个主要原因是句子太长或者句子结构复杂。
句子过长或者复杂无非是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分，如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等等。
这些附属成分常有逗号或分隔符号与句子隔开，且插在一个句子中间，使本来完整的句子被断开，因而增加句意理解的难度。
分析长难句的基本方法是：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子附属成分。
一、处理长难句的原则方法如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的单句，可这样处理：跳读修饰成分，迅速找出主谓结构。
这样一来，我们便可以将长句化为短句，将难句化为易句。
具体步骤是：先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义;然后再分段理解修饰成分或附加成分。
如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的并列句，可这样处理：先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清句子前后是顺连关系还是反连关系，是因果关系还是转折关系等，最后再根据不同的语境关系正确理解句意。
如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清到底是名词性从句，还是状语从句，或是定语从句。
注意，弄清从句性质对于理解复合句的意思至关重要。
在处理长难句时，如果既能正确理解句意，又能将其准确地译成中文，那是最好了。
但是，对于有些长难句，要在较短时间内(如在参加考试时)将其译成中文比较困难，此时只要能正确理解其意思就行了，如果硬要勉为其难地译成中文，不仅会浪费时间，而且在许多情况也没有必要。
二、经典高考真题实例分析下面这篇文章共有197个单词，却只有9个句子，平均每个句子大约有22个单词，是近几年高考英语阅读理解中一篇比较典型的集中含有长难句的文章。
Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海军上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利领土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.【解题分析】1. 跳读插入语：请看文章第一段的第一句。
------精品文档------!值得拥有！长难句攻略2012高考英语在考试中，对重要语法知识掌握不牢，就难以理解长句和难句的句子结构。
连接词、限制性定语从句与非限制(定语从句对语法结构的考查主要集中在非谓语动、性定语从句的区别、定语从句与其他主从复合句的区别)、状语从句（省略词(动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词)、时态和语态、特殊句型冠词、（如名词需要形容词、名词、以及一些词类之间的句、倒装句等）搭配知识非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰，动词需要副词修饰，及物动词后应加宾语）还要求考生此类题除了要求考生具备系统准确的语法知识之外，等语法项目上。
这一层次的考点主要这样才能提高答题的准确率。
注意上下文之间的逻辑关系,涉及句子间的关系代词、连词等。
英语中常见的长难句：英语中的长难句有如下几个特点：句子信息量大，结构复杂，或附加成分多（几种从句同时出现），分隔现象普遍（主谓分隔、同位语分隔、定语分隔等），有时还出现省略现象。
夹杂有过去分词短语、现在分词短语、动名词或定语从句。
1.夹杂有虚拟语气、宾语从句或定语从句。
2.夹杂有定语从句、时间状语从句或条件状语从句。
3.夹杂有让步状语从句、现在分词短语或过去分词。
4.夹杂有过去分词短语、宾语从句，并且主语、谓语出现分隔现象。
5.------值得收藏！!珍贵文档------------!值得拥有！------精品文档解题方法之结构分析法把握句子的基迅速弄清句子的结构，所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，本框架。
基本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；其次，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。
较复杂单句的处理方法——找主语、谓语，即找句子主干。
较复杂的单句1.在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起考生的充分重视。
2.并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词。
3.主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词。
再看主从复并列句和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句，4.合句。
10 分钟学会 “括号法 ”，高考英语长难句迎刃而解！ 话说， 老外们为什么要把句子弄那老长？ 为什么长难句总在考试的时候挖坑？
今儿辉哥给你讲个 “括号法 ”
什么是“三长两短一并列” 大家先来看两句话： ① 我是李辉。 (I am Li Hui.)
② 我爱你。 (I love you. ) 这两句话中只有 “主干成分 ”而没有 “修饰成分 ”。这种简单句在中文和英文中的 “语
序”(单词排列顺序 ) 基本是一致的，都是 “主— 系 — 表 ”或者 “主 — 谓 —宾 ”，理解起来 easy 。 so
但是加上修饰成分后， 中文与英文句子的语序就发生了变化 。
例如：
①我是有道的李辉。 (I am Li Hui from You Dao.)
② 我全心全意地爱你。 (I love you with all my heart.) 从例子中可以看出，修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。
而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时，该句子就会变成让人头疼的长难句。例如： After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.
如果给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号，该句就会变成： (After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).
看到这里大家就明白啦，这个句子虽然很长，但是真正的主干只有 I returned 词而已。所以不要害怕长难句，你看这里就是介词短语给英语句子多穿了几层衣服 两个单
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当然，由于以上几个句子还比较简单，这些介词短语对句意理解的影响不大。但是， 当句子中加上更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时，又由于 中英文语序的不同 ，英文句子会变得 “面目全非 ”，令人难以理解。 Fortunately ，尽管这些修饰成分数量可以很多、位置也不好把握，但是，它们的种类 却是非常固定的。总体来看将这些修饰成分可以总结为 “三长两短 ”：
所谓 “ 三长 ”，就是构成长难句的三种较长修饰成分，即介词短语、从句、非谓语动词短语。
所谓 “ 两短 ”，指的是镶嵌于句子之中的、会稍稍提高句子复杂度的两种较短修饰成分，即形容词、副词。
而除了 “三长两短 ”之外，另外一个使句子变得复杂的结构就是 “平行并列结构 ”。 “平行
并列结构 ”是由一些并列关系的连词 (and 、or 、as well as 等 ) 构成，是将句子变长的重要手段。
大家只需要谨记，再长的句子都是由原本非常简单的主干成分 (主干成分的基本语序 和中文语序一致）构成。至于那些与中文语序不一致的 “特殊句型 ”，如 there be 句 型、 It is adj. for sb. to do 句型、倒装句型、强调句型等等，也是加上这 “三长两短一并列 ”组成的。跟着辉哥走，长难句没在怕的！
给“三长两短一并列”做标记 在此之前，我们要先学会每一种成分该 从何处标起，又从何处结束 。下面会分别对
“三长两短一并列 ”进行具体介绍，并给出每一种成分的标记方法。 ( Attention ，不同
成分应该用不同的标记，如可以给 “三长 ”加括号，给 “并列词 ”加方框，给 “并列项 ”加下划线。 )
1、“三长”概念 (1) 介词短语 【定义】从介词开始到名词结束、表达一个独立的完整的含义的结构。
【起止标识】标记介词短语时，要从介词开始到介词之后的第一个名词终止。如： at home 、 in the school 、 in the beautiful park 、during my happychildhood 、 over the last few years 、 for three weeks 、to the destination
【例句】 (After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours)(from 2:00 to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).
(2) 从句 【定义】从句是复合句中 不能独立成句 ，但具有主语部分和谓语部分 ，由 that 、 who 、whom 、 when 、 why 、 where 、 how 、 which 、 if、 although 等关系词引导的非 主句部分。
【起止标识】标记从句时，一定从关系词开始，到以下四种终止。 ① 到句尾终止，如： Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English). ② 到句中的逗号终止，如： (When I was young), I listened to the radio.
③ 到下一个修饰成分终止，如： I will invite Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) to Beijing.(to Beijing 是介词短语，属于另一个修饰成分，故从句的标记在此处终止 )
④ 到下一个谓语动词终止，如 Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) is
studying in Shanghai.
(3) 非谓语动词短语 【定义】非谓语动词是指动词在句子中 “不是谓语 ”时的几种变化形式，主要包括动词 不定式、动名词和分词 (现在分词和过去分词 )三类。非谓语动词不能独立作谓语，而是充当句子的其他成分 。由非谓语动词开头的、表示一个独立、完整的含义的结构叫做非谓语动词短语。
【起止标识】标记非谓语动词短语时，一定是从动词不定式 (to do) 分词 (现在分词 doing 或过去分词 done) 开头，到以下四种情况终止。 、动名词 (doing) 或
① 到句尾终止，如： Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English).
② 到句中的逗号终止，如： (To improve my English), I often listen to the English radio. ③ 到下一个修饰成分终止，如： Jack walked into the hall, (waving) to the audience.
(to theaudience 是介词短语，属于另一修饰成分。 ) ④ 到下一个谓语动词终止，如： We, (singing a happy song), rode to school.
2．“两短”概念
(1) 形容词 【定义】形容词是指用来修饰名词的单词，往往带有 有时名词也能起到形容词的作用 。 -ous 、 -y、-ful 、 -able 等后缀；
【常见位置】 ① 一般置于名词之前，如 a beautiful park 。
② 修饰不定代词 (something 、 anything 、 nothing 、somebody 、 anybody 、 nobody) 时置于不定代词之后，如 “一些有趣的事 ”应译为 something interesting 。
(2) 副词 【定义】副词用来修饰形容词、动词等词，往往带有 -ly 等后缀。 【常 位置】英 中，副 的用法比形容 灵活得多。 ① 可置于整句之前，如： Unfortunately, he failed to make it.
② 可置于整句之后，如： The teacher greets his students individually. ③ 可置于 “助 、系 、情 之后， 之前 ”，如： Theprincess looks extremely beautiful today. ( 系 之后 ) Heimmediately saw the black cat. ( 之前 ) Hehas undoubtedly fallen in love with the princess. ( 助 之后， 之前 ) Hecan hardly speak anything. ( 情 之后， 之前 )
④ 可置于形容 或副 之前，如： There is an extremely beautiful garden in our campus.
从上面的分析可以看出， 然英文中形容 和副 的在句中的位置和中文略有不同， 但一般情况下，它 短且易于辨 ， 句意理解影响不大 ，因此在 修 成分做 ，形容 和副 可不 。
3．平行并列 构
【定 】并行并列 构是指由并列 将两个或两个以上含 相似、 构相同的并列 接起来构成的 构。
【 方法】 平行并列 构做 的要求是： 并列 加方框， 并列 加下划 。 要先找到并列 ，然后再找并列 。在 注形如 A and B 的平行并列 构 ， 先找 B ( 即右并列 )后找 A ( 即左并列 )。由于英 中的修 成分往往置于中 心 之后，所以 A 和 B 两个并列 后面可能各自 有很 的尾巴，形成 “A ⋯ and B ⋯”的形式， 致 A 离 and 相 ，不易辨 ，而 B 通常离 and 很近，容易 。找到 B 之后，利用 A 和 B 构相同、含 相似的原 ，很容易将 A 确定出来。
【常 并列关系】 英 中可以并列的成分有很多， 句子 要注意 到底是 跟 并列。
① 名 并列： I like the box placed on the desk and the flowersin your hand.
② 形容 并列： Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgeableEnglish teacher. ③ 副 并列： You are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.
④ 并列： With the Internet, people can not only playcomputer games but also do online shopping.
