2008年12月-2012年6月六级真题及答案2008年12月英语六级试题 2. Climate control
Part I writing (30 minutes) We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our How to improve student's mental health core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of 1、大学生的心理健康十分重要 w hat’s going on in the world around us. We do this by 2、因此，学校可以...... altering our metabolic(新陈代新的) rate, shivering or
3、我们自己应当...... sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and scanning) unless we are in the ―thermo-neutral zone‖, which is
increasingly where we choose to live and work. (15 minutes)
There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度) Supersize surprise
Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and tell you that it‘s al down to eating too much and burning too 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C
to 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense
and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air epidemic and reverse it/ yet obesity researchers are conditionings rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that 1997.
In the southern states – where obesity rates tend to be something else must have changed in our environment to highest – the number of houses with air conditioning has precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.
past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” –
reduced physical activity and increased availability of food Could
air conditioning in summer and heating in winter
are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they –really make a difference to our weight?
cannot explain it all. there is some evidence that it does-at least with Sadly，
Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the temperatures we use less energy.
epidemic. Here they are. 3.Less smoking
1. Not enough sleep Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. rest of us,and quitting really does pack on the pounds, Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us though no one isn sure why. It probably has something to fat? do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and Several large-scale studies suggest there may
be a link. appears to up your metabolic rate.
People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a Katherine Flegal and colleagres at the US National higher body mass index than
people who sleep more, Center for Health Statistics in
Hyattsville,Maryland, have according to data gathered by the US National Health and calculated that people kicking the habit have been Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses‘ respousible for a small but significant portion of the US Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, epidemic of fatness.From data collected aroud 1991 by the found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,they gained more weight during the study period than women worked out that people who had quit
in the previous decade who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and who slept 7. people who had never smoked .Among men, for example,
nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% It‘s well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.
people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses‘ 4. Genetic effects
study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: Yours chances of becoming fat may be set,at least in sleep loss may
precipitate weight gain. part,before you were even born.children of boese mothers Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we are much more likely to become obest themselves later in really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an life.Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy average of 8.5 hours per night. A
2002 poll by the National are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly,the effect under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in persists for two or three generations.Grand-children of mice obesity. fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is
fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before C)New explanations for the obesity epidemic you were conceived. D)possible ways to combat the obesi ty epidemic 5.A little older… 2. A)gained the least weight
Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than B)were inclined to eat less
others.surveys carried out by the US national center for C)found
their vigor enhanced
health statisties found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around D)were less susceptible to illness three times as likely to be obese as younger
3. A)it makes us sleepy
B)it causes sleep loss people.non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end
C)it increases our appetite of the spectreum:Mexican-american women are 30% more
D)it results from lack of sleep likely than white women to be obsess,and black women
4. A)it makes us stay indoors more have twice the risk.
B)it accelerates our metabolic rate In the US,these groups account for an increasing
percentage of the population.between 1970 and 2000 the C)it makes us feel more energetic
US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%.the proportion of D)it contributes to our weight gain Hispanic-americans also grew,from under 5% to 12.5% of 5. A)it threatens their health
the population,while the proportion of black Americans B)it heightens their spirits
increased from 11% to 12.3%.these changes may account in C)it suppresses their appetite
part for the increased prevalence of obesity. D)it slows down their metabolism
6.mature mums 6. A)heavy smokers
B)passive smokers Mothers around the world are getting older.in the UK,the
C)those who never smoke mean age for aving a frist child is
27.3,compared with 23.7
D)those who quit smoking in 1970 .mean age at frist birth in the US has also increased,
7. A)the growing number of smokers among young people rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.
This would be neither here nor there if it were‘t for the B)the rising proportion of minorities in its population observation that
having an older mother seems to be an C)the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US D)the improving living standards of the poor people national
heart,lung an d blood institute‘s study found that the 8.according to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five Institute, the reason why older
mothers‘ children tend to be extra years of their mother‘s age , though why this should obese remains not entirely clear
be so is not entirely clear. 9.According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing Michael Symonds at the university of to the obesity epidemic is decrease of family size Nottingham,UK,found that first-bron children have more 10 when two heavy people get married, chances of
their fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstbrons children getting fat increase, because obesity is party account for a greather share of the population. In 1964, genetiz
british women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children;by Part III 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. in the US in 1976, 9.6% Section A
of woman in their 40s had only one chile;in 2004 it was 11. A)He is quite easy to recognize
17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single B)he is an outstanding speaker
children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic. C)he looks like a movie star
7.Like marrying like D)he looks young for his age
Just as people pair off according to looks, so they do for 12.
A)consult her dancing teacher
size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean an d fat B)take a more interesting class
more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like C)continue her dancing class
cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined D)improve her dancing skills
with others- particularly the fact that obesity is partly 13. A)the man did not believe what the woman said genetic, and that heavier people have more children-it B)the man accompanied the woman to the hospital amplifies the increase form other causes. C)the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain 1. A)effects of obesity on people‘s health
injury
B)the link between lifestyle an obesity D)the woman may not followed the doctor‘s
instructions B. The air pressure is low. D. The sky appears 14.
A)they are not in style any more brighter.
B)they have cost him far too much 27. A. Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather.
C)they no longer suit his eyesight B. Sailors‘saying about the weather are unreliable.
D)they should be cleaned regularly C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather. 15. A)he spilled his drink onto the floor D. It was easiter to forecast the weather in the old days.
B)he has just finished wiping the floor 28 A. Weather forecast is getting more accurate today.
C)he was caught in a shower on his way home B. People can predict
the weather by their senses
D)he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone C. Who are the real esperts in weather forecast . 16. A)fixing some furniture D. Weather changes affect people‘s life remarkably
B)repairing the toy train 29. A. They often feel insecure about
their jobs.
C)reading the instructions B. They are unable to decide what to do first .
D)assembling the bookcase C. They are feel burdened with numerous tasks every 17. A)urge Jenny to spend more time on study day.
B)help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day C)act towards Jenny in a more sensible way
30 A. Analyze them rationally. C. Turn to others for
D)send Jenny to a volleyball training center help.
18. A)The building of the dam needs a large budget B. Draw a
detailed to-do list . D. Handle them one
B)the proposed site is near the residential area by one .
C)the local people fel insecure about the dam 31. A. They have accomplished little .
D)the dam poses a threat to the local environment B. They feel
utterly exhausted . Question19 to21 are based on the conversation you have C. They have worked out a way to relax. just heard D. They no longer feel any sense of guilt. 19 A. It saw the end of its booming years worldwide 32. A. Their performance may improve.
B. Its production and sales reached record levels. B. Their immune system may be reinforced
C. It became popular in some foreign countries C. Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden.
D. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly. D. Their physical development may be enhanced. 20. A. They cost less. C. They were in fashion. 33. A. Improved mental functioning
B. They tasted better. D. They were widely B. Increased
susceptibility to disease advertised. C. Speeding up of blood
circulation
21. A. It is sure to fluctuate . C. It will remain D. Reduction of stress-related hormones basically stable. 34. A. Pretend to be in better shape.
B. It is bound to revive. D. It will see no more B. Have more physical exercise .
monopoly C. Turn more often to friends for help 22. A. Organising protests C. Acting as its D. Pay more attention to bodily sensations. spokesman. 35. A. Different approaches to coping with stress.
B. Recruiting members D. Saving endangered B. Various causes for serious health problems. animals.
C. The relationship between stress and illness. 23. A. Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B. Anti-nuclear
D. New finding of medical research on stress. campaigns
C. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor
D. Removing Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 industrial waste. minutes)
24. A. By harassing them. C. By taking legal action. Section A
B. By appealing to the public D. By resorting to Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. force. One of the major producers of athletic footwear, with 25. A. Doubtful
C. Indifferent . 2002 sales of over $10 billion, is a company called Nike,
B. Reserved D. Supportive with corporate headquarters in Beaverton, Oregon. Forbes 26. A, The air becomes still.
C. The clouds block magazine identified Nike‘s president, Philip Knight, as the the sun.
53rd-richest man in the world in 2004. But Nike has not
always been a large multimillion-dollar organization. In fact, sustainable development is applied to just about eberything Knight started the company by selling shoes from the back from energy to clean water and economic growth,and as a of his car at track meets. result it has become difficult to question either the basic In the late 1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance assumptions behind it or the way the
concept is put to runner on the University of Oregon track team, coached by use.this is especially true in agriculture,where sustainable Bill Bowerman. One of the top track coaches in the U.S., development is often taken as the sole measure of progress Bowerman was also known for experimenting with the without a proper appreciation of histrorcal and cultural design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter perspectives.
and more shock-absorbent. After attending Oregon, Knight To start with,it is important to remember that the nature of moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University; his agriculture has changed markedly throughout history,and MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes. Once he will continue to do so .medieval agriculture in northern received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Europe fed,clothed and shelered a predominantly rural Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of athletic shoes. society with a much lower population density than it is Knight convinced the company‘s officials of the potential today.it had minimal effect on biodiversity,and any for its product in the U.S. In 1963 he received his first pollution it caused was typically localized.in termsof energy shipment of Tiger shoes, 200 pairs in total. use and the nutrients captured in the product it was In 1964, Knight and Bowerman contributed $500 each to relatively inefficient.
from Blue Ribbon Sports, the predecessor of Nike. In the Contrast
this with farming since the start of the industrial first few years,
Knight distributed shoes out of his car at https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c1947683.html,petion from overseas led farmers to local track meets. The first employees hired by Knight were specialize and increase yields.throughout this period food former college athletes. The company did not have the became
cheaper,safe and more reliable.however,these money to hire ―experts‖, and there was no established changes have alsoled to habitat loss and to diminishing athletic footwear industry in North America from which to biodiversity.
recruit those knowledgeable in the field. In its early years
What‘smore,demand for animal products in devel oping the organization operated in an unconventional manner that countrics is growing so fast that meeting it will require an characterized its innovative and entrepreneurial approach to extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the the industry. Communication was informal; people growth of cities and in dustry is reducing the amount of discussed ideas and issues in the hallways, on a run, or over water available for
agriculture in many regions. a beer. There was little task differentiation. There were no All this means that agriculture in the
21st century will have job descriptions, rigid reporting systems, or detailed rules to be very different from how it was in the 20th.this
will and regulations. The team spirit and shared values of the require radical thinking.for example,we need to move away athletes on
Bowerman‘s teams carried over and provided from the idea that
traditional practices are inevitably more the basis for the collegial
style of management that sustainable than new ones.we also need to abandon the characterized the early years of Nikes. notion that agriculture can be ―zero impact‖. The key will 47. While serving as a track coach, Bowerman tried to be to abandon the rather simple and
static measures of design running shoes that were lighter and more sustainability,which centre on the need to maintain shock-absorbent. production without increasing damage.instead we need a 48. During his visit to Japan, Knight convinced the officials more dynamic interpretation,one that looks at the pros and of the Onitsuka Tiger Company that its product would have cons of all the various way land is used.there are many potentials in the U.S. different ways to measure agricultural performance besides 49. Blue Ribbon Sports as unable to
hire experts due to the food yield:energy use, environmental costs,water absence of established athletic footwear in North America. purity,carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for 50. In the early years of Nike, communication within the example,that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from company was usually carried out informally. spain to the UK
51. What qualities of Bowerman‘s teams formed the basis Is less
than that of producing them in the UK with of Nike‘s early management style? additional heating and lighting.but we do not know whether The team spirit and shared valves of the athlets. lower carbon footprints will always be better for Passage one biodiversity.
questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage What is
crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is
not just about sustainable food production. Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in 52. How do people ofen measure progress in agriculture? terms of educational and professional attainment, than thir
A) By its productivity C) By its impact on the parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the environmet gains don‘t continme. Indeed, the fouth generation is
B) By its sustainability D) By its contribution to marginally worse off than the third James Jackson,of the economic growth University of Michigan,has foud a simila rend among black 53. Specialisation and the effort to incease yields have Caribbean immigrants,Tells fears that Mexican-Americans esulted in________. may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American
A) Localised pollution C) competition from overseas blacks-that largeparts of the community may become mired
B) the shrinking of farmland D) the decrease of in a seemingly state of poverty and Underachievement . biodiversity Like African-Americans, Mexican-americans are 54.What does the author think of traditional farming increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandyrd practices? schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any 儿童
A)They have remained the same over the centuries 会nic group in the country.
B)They have not kept pace with population growth We have learned much about the foolish idea of
C)They are not necessarily sustainable excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial
D)They are environmentally friendly inferiority. But what we have
not yet learned is how to 55.What will agriculture be like in the 21st century make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt A) It
will go through radical changes
B) It will supply more animal products American ways; those things happen pretty much on their
C) It will abandon traditional farming practices own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the
D) It will cause zero damage to the environment campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question 56 What is the author‘s purpose in writing this passage? about assimilation, about ho wto ensure that people , once
A) To remind people of the need of sustainable outsiders , don‘t fovever remain marginalized within these
development shores.
B) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food That is a much
larger question than what should production happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure
C) To adance new criteria for measuring farming the border, and it
is one that affects not only newcomers but progress groups that have been here for generations. It will have
D) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture more
impact on our future than where we decide to set the is admissions bar for the lasest ware of would-be Americans. Passage Two And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right. Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage 57.How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early
The percentage of immigrants(including those unlawfully days?
present) in the United states has been creeping upward for A)They were of inferior races.
years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point B)They were a Source of political corruption. ince the mid1920s C)They were a threat to the nation‘s security.
We are not about to go back to the days when Congress D)They were part of the nation‘s bloodstream.
openly worried about inferior races polluing America‘s 58.What does the author think of the new immigrants? bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we A)They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S. have too many of the wrong sort fo necomers.Their loudest B)They can do
just as well as their predecessors. citecs argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot,and C)They will be very disappointed on the new land. indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did. D)They may
find it hard to fit into the mainstream.
We now know that these racist views were wrong.In time, 59.What does Edward Telles‘ research say about Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior Mexican-Americans?
races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, A)They may slowlu improve from generation to generation. in ways too numerous to detail , to the building of this B)They will do better in terms of deucationl attainment. magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new C)They will melt into the African-American community. immigrants should not have the same success. D)They may forever remain poor and underachieving.
60.What should be done to help the new immigrants? C.eyond D.despite
A)Rid them of their inferiority complex. the creator of an
__71___artisitic or intellectual B)Urge them to adopt American customs.
71.A. absolute B. alternative
C)prevent them from being marginalized. work, such as a song or a novel. A copyright gives D)Teach them standard American English. C. original D.orthodox
61.According to the author,the burning issue concerning the owner wxclusive rights to copy, __72___ display, immigrationg is_______. 72. A. presume Bstimulate
A)how to deal with people entering the U.S. without or perform the work . the copyright prevents documents C. nominate D.distribute
B)how to help immigrants to better fit into American others from using and selling the work , the __73___ society 73. A. range B. length
C)how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the corder of a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author D)how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S. C.scale D. extent Part V 74 an additional 70 years. 74 A) Individuals and businesses have legal protection for plus C) via
intellectual property they create and own . intellectual Trademarks are words, names, or symbols that B) proper _62_from creative thinking and 62. A. retrieves versus D) until
B.deviates Identify the manufacturer of a product and 75 it 75 A)
C.results
D.departs distract C) distinguish
from similar goods of others. A servicemark is may include products,
63 processes, and ideas. 63.
B)differ D)disconnect A. services B.reservers
similar to a trademark 76 is used to identify 76 A) C.assumptions
D.motions
or C) so Intellectual property is protected 64 misapproprition(盗
用). 64. A. for B.with services. A trademark prevents others from using B) Misappropriation is taking the Intellectual propetty of but D) whereas
others C.by D.from the 77 or a similar word, name, or symbol to 77 A) withour ____65____ compensation and using it for identical C) literal monetary gain. 65. A. sound B.partial B) C.due D.random analogical D) parallel
Legal protection is provided for the ___66___of take advantage of
the recognition and 78 of the 78 A)
66. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c1947683.html,ers B.owners ambiguity C) popularity
intellectual propetty. The three common types of legal brand or to create confusion in the marketplace. B)
C.masters
D.executives utilityD) proximity
protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks. 79 registration, a trademark is usually granted 79 A)
Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. From C) Before
If the u.s patent office __67__ a patent, it is B)
67.A. affords B. affiliates Over D) Upon
C. funds
D.grants for a period of ten years. It can be 80 for 80 confirmind that the intellectual property is ___68____. A)recurred C) recalled
68. A. solemn B.sober B) The patent prevents others from
making ,using, or renewed D) recovered
C.unique
D. universal additional ten-year periods indefinitely as 81 as 81 selling the invention without the owner‘s __69___ for A)long C)
far
69. A. perspective B.permission the mark‘s us e continues. B)soon a period of 20 years. D) well
C. conformity
D. consensus Part VI Translation
Copyright are similar to patents __70___that (5 minutes)
70. A.except B.besides 82. He designed the first suspension bridge , which made a they are applied to artistic works. A copyright protects perfect combination of beauty and function. (把美观与功
能完美地结合起来)。 While company managers have known about the benefits 83(It was very dark, but Mary seemed to know which way for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of to take instinctively. (本能地知道该走哪条路。) whether they could trust their employees to work to full 84. I don’t think it advisable that parents (should) deprive capacity without supervision, or concerned about the children of their freedom (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend additional expenses teleworking policies might incur as their spare time as they wish. staff start charging their home phone bills to the business. 85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities Yet this is now changing. When communications
have more energy and a lower death rate compared with provider
InterTel researched the use of remote working relatively inactive people
2008年12月大学英语六级考试真题 Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) He is quite easy to recognize B) He is an outstanding speaker C) He looks like a movie star D) He looks young for his age 12. A) consult her dancing teacher B) take a more interesting class C) continue her dancing class D) improve her dancing skills 13. A) the man did not believe what the woman said B) the man accompanied the woman to the hospital C) the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injury D) the woman may not followed the doctor’s instructions 14. A) they are not in style any more B) they have cost him far too much C) they no longer suit his eyesight D) they should be cleaned regularly 15. A) he spilled his drink onto the floor B) he has just finished wiping the floo C) he was caught in a shower on his way home D) he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone 16. A) fixing some furniture B) repairing the toy train C) reading the instructions D) assembling the bookcase 17. A) urge Jenny to spend more time on study B) help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams C) act towards Jenny in a more sensible way D) send Jenny to a volleyball training center 18. A) The building of the dam needs a large budget B) The proposed site is near the residential area C) The local people feel insecure about the dam D) The dam poses a threat to the local environment Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A. It saw the end of its booming years worldwide B. Its production and sales reached record levels. C. It became popular in some foreign countries D. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.
2014年12月6级第一套 Part III Reading comprehension Section A Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. His future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one might expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British (36) ________ told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimulate their growth. The Prince was being humorous—“My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day,”he said to the aides (随从)—but listening to Charles Windsor can indeed prove stimulating. The royal (37)________ that been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life, some of his (38) _________ which once sounded a hit weird were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him. Take his views on farming. Prince Charles’ Duchy Home Farm went (39) ___________ back to 1996.when most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的)V egetables and (40) __________ large chickens piled high in supermarkets. His warnings on climate change proved farsighted; too Charles began (41) _________ action on global warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the (42) ____________ of man on the environment since he was a teenager. Although he has gradually gained international (43) __________ as one of the a world’s leading conservationists, many British people still think of him as an (44) ____________ person who talks to plants This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that plants really do (45) __________ to sound. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. A. conform B. eccentric C. environmentalist D. expeditions E. impact F. notions G. organic H. originally I. recognition J. respond K. subordinate L. suppressing M. throne N. unnaturally O. urging Section B Should Single-Sex Education Be Eliminated? [A] Why is a neuroscientist here debating single-sex schooling? Honestly, I had no fixed ideas on the topic when I started researching it for my book, Pink Brain, Blue Brain. But any discussion of gender differences in children inevitably leads to this debate, so I felt compelled to dive into the research data on single-sex schooling. I read every study I could, weighed the existing evidence, and ultimately concluded that single-sex education is not the answer to gender gaps in achievement—or the best way forward for today’s young people. After my book was published, I met several developmental and cognitive psychologists whose work was addressing gender and education from different angles, and we published a peer-reviewed Education Forum piece in Science magazine with the provocative title, “The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Education.”[B] We showed that three lines of research used to justify single-sex schooling—educational, neuroscience, and social psychology—all fail to support its alleged benefits, and so the widely-held view that gender separation is somehow better for boys, girls, or both is nothing more than a myth.
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题完整版（第三套） Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 暂无 Part ⅡI Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying—first it was your phone, then your car, and now you can tell your kitchen appliances what to do. But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sounds, under certain 26 , people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects. Sometimes we see things as human because we are 27 . In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to attribute 28 to various gadgets. In turn, feeling close to objects can 29 loneliness. When college students were reminded of a time they had been 30 in a social setting, they compensated by exaggerating their number of friends—unless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities. According to the researchers, the participants' phones 31 substituted for real friends. At other times, we personify products in an effort to understand them. One study found that three in four respondents yelled at their computer. Further, the more their computer gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it had its own “beliefs and 32 .” So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are 33 with dominance. Similarly, people rated cars, clocks, and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred them—especially in 34 situations. An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with gills (护栅) that were upturned like smiles sold best. The purchasers saw this 35 as increasing a car's friendliness. A) alleviate B) apparently C) arrogant
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Now let’s begin with the eight short conversations: 11. M: I’m asked to pick up the guest speaker Bob Russel at the airport this afternoon, do you know what he looks like? W: Well, he’s in his sixties, he stands out, he’s bald, tall and thin and has a beard. Q: What do we conclude from the woman’s remarks about Bob Russel? 12. M: I am considering dropping my dancing class. I am not making any progress. W: If I were you, I stick with it. It’s definit ely worth time and effort. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 13. W: You see I still have this pain in my back, this medicine the doctor gave me was supposed to make me feel better by now. M: Maybe you should’ve taken it three times a day as you w ere told. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 14. M: Frankly, when I sat the back of the classroom, I can’t see the words on the board clearly. W: Well, you’ve been wearing those same glasses as long as I’ve known you. Why not get a new pair? It wo uldn’t cost you too much. Q: What does the woman imply about the man’s glasses? 15. W: How come the floor is so wet? I almost slipped, what happened? M: Oh, sorry! The phone rang the moment I got into the shower, anyway, I’ll wipe it up right now.
2014年12月英语六级真题及答案（文字版） 考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对Part I Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following t opic. You should write at least 180 words but no more than 200 words. 作文题一：学历歧视 作文部分： 【学历歧视：参考范文】 In the modern society, with competition becomes increasingly fierce, to find a job is to o difficult for the young generation. Academic qualification, as a job a stepping-stone, is a n essential factor during the job hunting. Some people think that the highly educated must be able to find a good job, because education can prove that a person has a good capacity. Therefore, it is commonly believe
that a job seeker with a master degree must be easier to find a promising job than a un dergraduate. However, now the company interviewers generally prefer to required a even h igher academic qualification, like a doctor degree. Otherwise, the applicants, even though h e or she has tremendous potential, will be refused relentlessly. As far as I am concerned, education should not be the single standard in an interview. As for the companies, it is not necessarily a good principle as well. Now the whole comm unity often talk about working ability and efficiency. For example, some people may have high academic qualification, but actually his ability is very limited. So both the individual a nd the community ought to change their attitude on academic qualification. We should rea lize that it is the operational Part II Listening Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was sai d. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question t here will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Ans wer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. Question 1 A.At a grocery B.In a parking lot
Part I Writing 作文题一：学历歧视 Part II Listening Section A Question 1 A.At a grocery B.In a parking lot C.In a car showroom D.At a fast food restaurant Question 2 A.Have a little nap after lunch B.Get up and take a short walk C.Change her position now and then D.Stretch legs before standing up Question 3 A.The students should practice long-distance running B.He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says C.The students’ physical condition is not desirable D.He thinks the race is too hard for the students Question 4 A.They do not want to have a baby at present
B.They cannot afford to get married right now C.They are both pursuing graduate studies D.They will get their degrees in two years Question 5 A.Twins usually have a lot in common B.He must have been mistaken for Jack C.Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is D.He has not seen Jack for quite a few days Question 6 A.The man will take the woman wo the museum B.The man knows where the museum is located C.The woman is asking the way at the crossroads D.The woman will attend the opening of the museum Question 7 A.They cannot ask the guy to leave B.The guy has been coming in for years C.They should not look down upon the guy D.The guy must be feeling extremely lonely Question 8 A.Collect timepieces B.Become time-conscious C.Learn to mend locks D.Keep track of his daily activities Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9 A.It winds its way to the sea B.It is quickly rising C.It is eating into its banks D.It is wide and deep
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 2008年12月英语六级试题 Part I writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and scanning) (15 minutes) Supersize surprise Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it’s al down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it/ yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” – reduced physical activity and increased availability of food – are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all. Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are. 1. Not enough sleep It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat? Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses’ Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7. It’s well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses’ study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain. Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation
2016年12月大学英语六级真题（卷二） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation/creation/invention. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation/creation/invention. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warming. B) It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues. C) It studies the impacts of global climate change on people’s lives. D) It tries to predict the possible trends of global climate change. 2.A) It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it. B) It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact. C) It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries. D) It is bound to cause endless disputes among nations. 3.A) The raising of people’s awareness. B) The signing of a global agreement. C) The cooperation among world major powers. D) The transition to low-carbon energy systems. 4.A) Plan well in advance. B) Adopt new technology. C) Carry out more research on it. D) Cut down energy consumption. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5.A) When luck plays a role. B) Whether practice makes perfect. C) What determines success. D) How important natural talent is. 6.A) It knocks at your door only once in a while. B) It means being good at seizing opportunities. C) It is something that no one can possibly create. D) It comes naturally out of one’s self-confidence. 7.A) Practice is essential to becoming good at something. B) One should always be ready to seize opportunities. C) One must have natural talent to be successful. D) Luck rarely contributes to a person’s success. 8.A) People who love what they do care little about money. B) Being passionate about work can make one wealthy. C) Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable. D) People in need of money work hard automatically. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four
2014年12月大学英语六级CET6考试 模拟试题及答案 2014年12月大学英语六级CET6考试模拟试题及答案（3）Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section C (复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写，短文长度及难度不变。) Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. There is growing dissatisfaction toward rich people, according to a new online poll. The poll by the China Youth Daily 26__________ https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c1947683.html, has highlighted the apparent 27__________ over the country’s widening income gap. Nearly 8,000 people filled in online 28__________ last week, and when asked to use three words to describe the society’s rich, the top 29__________ were “extravagant”，“greedy” and “corrupt”. About 57 percent of those 30__________ said that “extravagant” was the best word to d escribe the rich, followed closely by “greedy”. 31__________ , despite their dissatisfaction, 93 percent of those polled wished they could be rich too, and that richer people should be “socially 32__________ ”. Some 33__________ percent of respondents also praised rich people for being “smart”. Nearly 90 percent of respondents agreed that most people in society, including themselves, 33 speak up for the poor but were 34__________ to take action and actually do something for them. The survey comes on the heels of a heated debate over comments made by renowned economist Mao Yushi, who said a couple of days ago that he was speaking for the rich and working for the poor. A report released by the Asian Development Bank last Wednesday revealed that China’s Gini co efficient—an indicator of the wealth divide—rose from 0.407 in 1993 to 0.473 in 2004. An earlier Chinese Academy of Social Sciences report said that the richest 10 percent of Chinese families now own more than 40 percent of all private assets, while the poorest 10 percent in the country share less than 2 percent of the total wealth. The country’s income gap is close to that of Latin America, the report which 35__________ in January said.