指纹识别控制系统设计

摘要

指纹识别技术是以数字图像处理技术为基础，而逐步发展起来的。相对于密码、各种证件等传统身份认证技术和诸如语音、虹膜等其它生物认证技术而言，指纹识别是一种更为理想的身份认证技术。使用指纹识别具有许多优点，例如：每个人的指纹都不相同，极难进行复制或被盗用；指纹比较固定，不会随着年龄的增长或健康程度的变化而变化；最重要的在于指纹图像便于获取，易于开发识别系统，具有很高的实用性和可行性。现代电子集成制造技术使得我们可以制造相当小的指纹图像读取设备，同时飞速发展的个人计算机运算速度提供了在微机甚至单片机上可以进行两个指纹的比对运算的可能。目前的指纹识别算法已经非常成熟，完全可以用在各种安全检测设备中，并以此控制各种东西。现在，指纹识别已经应用在考勤、门禁、保险箱柜等领域，相信，随着指纹识别技术的完善，还会广泛的应用在身份证，机动车，家居等更多的领域。

本设计主要用LTT－C500指纹传感器和ARM7构成指纹识别模块，完成指纹识别的算法，并把结果通过串口送出来。控制部分的核心是AT89S52，它完成与指纹识别模块、PC 机的通信，并控制各种外围电路的工作（如时钟芯片PCF8563、E2PROM等）。本设计完成的功能是门禁，它适用于公用场所和私人住所的门禁功能，并且能记录开关门记录。

关键字：LTT－C500；ARM7；AT89S52；步进电机；串口通信

Fingerprint Identification Control System

Abstract

Fingerprint Identification technology is gradually developing with the digital image processing technology. Comparing with the password or other traditional documents such as identity authentication technology and voice, iris and other biological authentication technology, Fingerprint Identification is a better identity authentication technology. There are many a dvantages using Fingerprint Identification. For example: every person’s fingerprints are not the same that it is very difficult to copy or embezzled; Fingerprint is not change with the increasing age or the health status; The most important is that it is easy to get the fingerprint image and make a identification system, it is of high relevance and feasibility. It is possible to compare two fingerprints with the electronic integrated manufacturing technology creating a small image of the fingerprint reading equipment and the great development of the personal computer provides a faster computer or even in a MCU. The fingerprint identification algorithm is very mature, it is able to be used in a variety of security detection devices, and to control many kinds of things. Now the Fingerprint Identification technology has been used in attendance, access control, insurance, and other realm. I believe it will be widely used in the ID card, automobile, home and other realm with the improvement of fingerprint identification technology.

The design uses LTT-C500 fingerprint sensor and ARM7 to build the fingerprint identification module, and does the fingerprint identification algorithms then sends the result using the serial port. Control part mainly uses the AT89S52 to complete communications with the fingerprint identification module and PC, and control external circuits(such as PCF8563, E2PROM, etc.). The completed design is the function of access control, it applies in public areas and private residences of the access control function, and can record switch gate record.

Keywords：LTT-C500; ARM7; AT89S52; step electromotor; the serial communication

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