中国古代四大发明中英文版共15页文档
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四发明的英语作文英文回答:Papermaking, gunpowder, the compass, and movable type printing are commonly known as the Four Great Inventions of ancient China. These inventions have had a profound impact on the development of human civilization, and they continue to be essential to our lives today.Papermaking was invented in China during the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220 CE). Before paper was invented, people wrote on bamboo or silk, which were both expensive and inconvenient. Paper was a much more affordable andpractical writing material, and it quickly became the standard for writing and printing in China. Today, paper is still used for a wide variety of purposes, from writing and printing to packaging and construction.Gunpowder was invented in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE). It was originally used as a propellant forrockets and fireworks, but it was later adapted for use in firearms. Gunpowder revolutionized warfare, and it remains an essential component of modern firearms.The compass was invented in China during the HanDynasty (206 BCE-220 CE). It was originally used for navigation, but it was later adapted for use in surveying and engineering. The compass made it possible for people to travel long distances without getting lost, and it played a key role in the development of exploration and trade. Today, the compass is still used for navigation, and it is also used in a variety of other applications, such as surveying, engineering, and geology.Movable type printing was invented in China during the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE). It was originally used for printing books, but it was later adapted for use inprinting newspapers and other documents. Movable type printing revolutionized the way that information was disseminated, and it made it possible for people to access knowledge that was previously unavailable to them. Today, movable type printing is still used for printing books andother documents, and it is also used in a variety of other applications, such as packaging and advertising.The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese people. These inventions have had a profound impact on the development of human civilization, and they continue to be essential to our lives today.中文回答:造纸术、火药、指南针和活字印刷术通常被称为中国古代四大发明。
四大发明的英语六级翻译素材关于四大发明的英语六级翻译素材中国四大发明之一的第一个指南针产生于战国时期,是利用天然磁石)来辨别方向的一种简单仪器。
下面是店铺整理的关于四大发明的英语四级翻译,希望能帮到大家!四大发明中国的四大发明包括指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术,它们是中国在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
第一个指南针产生于战国时期(the Warring States Period),是利用天然磁石(natural magnet)来辨别方向的一种简单仪器。
火药发明于隋唐时期,主要应用于军事领域,造纸术于东汉年间由蔡伦改进,使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。
印刷术,又称活字印刷术,大大促进了文化的传播。
四大发明对世界经济的发展和人类文化的进步做出了巨大的贡献。
参考翻译Four great inventions of China include thecompass,gun powder,the paper-making techniqueand the printing technique.They are one of themarks that China occupies an important position inthe history of human civilization.The first compasswas invented during the Warring States Period.It was a simple device employing naturalmagnets to identify directions.Gunpowder was invented in Sui and Tang Dynasties and wasmainly used in military areas.The paper-making technique was developed by Cai Lun in theEastern Han Dynasty,making paper a commonly used writing material.The Printingtechnique,also called movable type printing,promoted the spread of culture significantly.Thefour great inventions of China made tremendous contribution to the development of theworld's economy and the progress of the culture of mankind.翻译解析:1.第二句的主干是“它们是标志之一”,“标志(mark)”的`定语很长,可用that引导的定语从句来修饰。
介绍中国古代四大发明的英语作文Title: The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China: A Game-Changer for the WorldThe ancient Chinese civilization, often revered for its cultural richness and philosophical depth, has bequeathed to the world incredible treasures of knowledge and innovation. Among these, the Four Great Inventions of ancient China stand as towering testimonies to the ingenuity andforward-thinking spirit of the Chinese people: papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and the compass. These inventions not only propelled China into a era of prosperity but also profoundly impacted the global landscape, facilitating information dissemination, exploration, and technological advancement that have shaped the course of human history.Papermaking leads the quartet, revolutionizing the way we record and share knowledge. Before the advent of paper, ancient Chinese, like their contemporaries around the globe, relied on cumbersome materials such as bamboo strips, wood slices, or silk for recording information. It was during the Han dynasty that a eunuch named Cai Lun is credited with refining the process of papermaking, using tree bark, hemp, and rags, which made paper more accessible and economical. Thisinvention sprouted wings for literacy and scholarship, as books became more portable and less expensive, bridging the chasm between the elite and the common folk in terms of access to knowledge.Following closely is the invention of printing, which catapulted the distribution of knowledge into a new era. Historical records attribute the development of woodblock printing to Buddhist monks during the Tang dynasty, who sought to reproduce sutras and distribute them widely among devotees. The method involved carving characters onto blocks of wood, inking them, and pressing them onto papers. By the Song dynasty, this evolved into moveable type printing, a technique that could produce books more efficiently and with greater flexibility. As a result, literature, science, and philosophy proliferated across China and, eventually, the world, democratizing education and fostering intellectual exchange.Gunpowder, while initially developed for medicinal purposes during the ninth century, soon found its more momentous use in warfare. By the 11th century, rockets, bombs, and other explosive weapons were transforming the battlefield, ushering in a new age of military technology.Although its use brought about significant changes to warfare and had profound implications for the balance of power, it also inadvertently spurred further technological advances in metallurgy and chemistry that benefitted civilian life.Last but not least, the invention of the compass reoriented the very concept of exploration. The earliest forms of the compass appeared during the Han dynasty, originally a simple spoon-shaped piece of lodestone that always pointed south. Mariners gradually adopted this tool for navigation, enabling them to venture into the vast oceans with confidence. The compass radically improved maritime travel and trade, connecting distant lands and cultures in a way hitherto unknown, laying the groundwork for the Age of Discovery.In conclusion, the Four Great Inventions of ancient China - papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and the compass - form the quartets that orchestrated a symphony of progress and connectivity across the globe. They are not merely Chinese achievements; they are milestones of universal significance, marking key transitions in human communication, learning, conflict, and exploration. These innovations laid the foundation upon which the modern world was built, proving that in the realm of knowledge and discovery, thecontributions of ancient China resonate as deeply and globally as the most powerful epic poetry.。
四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass四书The Four Books中国画traditional Chinese painting书法calligraphy水墨画Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting工笔traditional Chinese realistic painting孙子兵法The Art of War汉字Chinese character华夏祖先the Chinese ancestors中国武术Kung fu武术门派styles or schools of martial art习武健身practice martial art for fitness气功Qigong, deep breathing exercises拳击boxing中国文学Chinese literature重要文化遗产major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts文物cultural relics中国结Chinese knot旗袍Cheongsam朝廷使者royal court envoy文人men of letters雅士refined scholars表演艺术performing art工艺, 手艺workmanship / craftsmanship阳历Solar calendar阴历Lunar calendar闰年leap year二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms十二生肖zodiac传统节日traditional holidays春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)清明节Pure Brightness Festival / Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)端午节Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)中秋节Moon Festival / Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month) 重阳节Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day秦始皇帝First Emperor, Emperor Chin才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies文明摇篮cradle of civilization1、中国酒文化Chinese Wine Culture1中国人在7000年以前就开始用谷物酿酒。
四大发明四大发明四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
此一说法最早由英国汉学家李约瑟提出并为后来许多中国的历史学家所继承,普遍认为这四种发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用,且这些发明经由各种途径传至西方,对世界文明发展史也产生了很大的影响。
指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极,利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
指南针的始祖大约出现在战国时期。
它是用天然磁石制成的。
样子象一把汤勺,圆底,可以放在平滑的“地盘”上并保持平衡,且可以自由旋转。
当它静止的时候,勺柄就会指向南方。
古人称它为“司南”,当时的著作《韩非子》中就有:“先王立司南以端朝夕。
”“端朝夕”就是正四方、定方位的意思。
《鬼谷子》中记载了司南的应用,郑国人采玉时就带了司南以确保不迷失方向。
中国在北宋时期就发明了人工磁化的两种方法:一种是沈括所说的用天然磁石摩擦钢针的方法,另一种是利用地球磁场的作用使钢铁磁化。
火药用硝石、硫磺和木炭这三种物质混和制成的,而当时人们都把这三种东西作为治病的药物,所以取名“火药”,意思是“着火的药”。
火药造纸术造纸技术的发明,是中华民族对世界文明的杰出贡献之一。
发明人东汉和帝元兴元年(公元105年),蔡伦在总结前人制造丝织晶的经验的基础上,发明了用树皮、破渔网、破布、麻头等作为原料,制造成了适合书写的植物纤维纸,才使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。
被称为“蔡侯纸”。
对纸的概念有个统一认识。
什么样的物品叫“纸”。
在古代,埃及有纸草纸,欧洲有羊皮纸,我国历史上有丝絮纸和作书写用的缣帛纸和蔡侯纸,其中只有植物纤维制造的蔡侯纸对世界造纸业的发展及人类文化的传播具有深远影响,其基本工艺一直沿用至今。