第一章习题答案1.1 选择题1. A2. C3. C4. B5. C6. A7. C8. B9. D 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. A1.2 填空题数据数据的逻辑独立性数据的物理独立性层次数据模型,网状数据模型,关系数据模型能按照人们的要求真实地表示和模拟现实世界、容易被人们理解、容易在计算机上实现实体、记录属性、字段码域一对一、一对多、多对多E-R模型E-R模型层次模型、网状模型、关系模型数据操作、完整性约束矩形、菱形、椭圆形层次模型、一对多网状模型关系模型关系外模式、模式、内模式三级模式、两级映像外模式、模式、内模式数据、程序数据逻辑、数据物理DBMS数据库管理系统、DBA数据库管理员1.4 综合题2.注：各实体的属性省略了3.第二章习题答案1.1 单项选择题1. C2. A3. B4. C5. C6. D7. A8. B1.2 填空题集合2. 能唯一标识一个实体的属性系编号, 学号,系编号关系, 元组, 属性关系模型,关系, 实体, 实体间的联系投影1.4 综合题1. πsnoσcno=’2’SC2. πsnoσcname=’信息系统’SCCOURSE3. πsno,SNAME,SAGESTUDENT第三章习题答案1.1select from jobs1.2select emp_id,fname+'-'+lname as 'Name' from employee1.3select emp_id,fname+'-'+lname as 'Name',Yeargetdate-Yearhire_date as 'worke time' from employee order by 'worke time'2.1select from employee where fname like 'f%'2.2select from employee where job_id='11'2.3select emp_id,fname+'-'+lname as 'Name', Yeargetdate-Yearhire_date as worketime from employeewhere Yeargetdate-Yearhire_date >5order by worketime2.4select from employee where castjob_id as integer>=5 and castjob_id as integer<=8 2.5select from employee where fname='Maria'2.6select from employee where fname like '%sh%' or lname like '%sh%'3.1select from sales where ord_date <'1993-1-1'4.1select distinct bh, zyh from stu_info wherebh inselect bh from stu_infogroup by bhhaving count>30 and count<40order by bh或者是select bh,zyh from stu_infogroup by zyh,bhhaving countbh>30 and countbh<40order by bh4.2select from gbanwhere bh like '计%'4.3select from gfiedwhere zym like '%管理%'4.4select xh,xm,zym,stu_info.bh,rxsj from stu_info,gfied,gban where nl>23and stu_info.zyh=gfied.zyh and stu_info.bh=gban.bh4.5select zyh,count from gbanwhere xsh='03'group by zyh第四章习题答案4.1 单项选择题：B 2、A 3、C 4、A 5、A 6、C 7、C 8、D 9、B 10、A 11、C或B,即书上121页例题中from的写法12、A 13、C 14、C 15、C4.2 填空题：drop tablealter table add <列名或约束条件>with check option基本表基本表distinct group by roder by数据定义数据操纵数据控制distinctlike % _自含式嵌入式10、order by asc desc4.3 综合题1、SELECT XH, XM, ZYM, BH, RXSJFROM STU_INFO, GFIEDWHERE STU_INFO.ZYH = GFIED.ZYH AND NL > 23 AND XBM = '男'2、SELECT ZYM 专业名, count 人数 FROM STU_INFO, GFIEDWHERE STU_INFO.XSH = '03' AND STU_INFO.ZYH = GFIED.ZYHGROUP BY ZYM注意：该题目中给出的条件XSH = '03'中的03代表的是“控制科学与工程”学院,信息学院的代码是12,大家可根据具体情况来做该题;3、SELECT bh,count as 人数 FROM STU_INFO GROUP BY bh4、SELECT XH, XM, XBM, BH FROM STU_INFOWHERE ZYH INSELECT ZYHFROM STU_INFOWHERE XM = '李明'ORDER BY XH5、SELECT DISTINCT GCOURSE.KCH, KM FROM STU_INFO, XK, GCOURSEWHERE XK.KCH = GCOURSE.KCH AND STU_INFO.XSH = '12'AND STU_INFO.XH = XK.XH该题中设计到的课程名称只有在GCOURSE表中存在,所以在题目开始的几个表中还应填加该表;另外把信息学院的代码改为12;6、SELECT COUNTDISTINCT KCH AS 选课门数, AVGKSCJ AS 平均成绩FROM STU_INFO, XKWHERE STU_INFO.XH = XK.XH AND XSH = '12'7、SELECT DISTINCT STU_INFO.XH, XM, BH, ZYM, KMFROM STU_INFO, XK, GFIED, GCOURSEWHERE KSCJ > 85 AND STU_INFO.XH = XK.XH AND XK.KCH = GCOURSE.KCH AND STU_INFO.ZYH = GFIED.ZYHORDER BY ZYM, BH, STU_INFO.XH8、SELECT STU_INFO.XH, XM, XSM, ZYM, BH, PYCCMFROM STU_INFO, XK, GDEPT, GFIEDWHERE KKNY = '20011' AND STU_INFO.XH = XK.XH AND STU_INFO.XSH = GDEPT.XSH AND STU_INFO.ZYH = GFIED.ZYHGROUP BY STU_INFO.XH, XM, XSM, ZYM, BH, PYCCMHAVING COUNT > 109、SELECT DISTINCT bhFROM STU_INFO10、DELETE FROM STU_INFOWHERE XH LIKE '2000%'或DELETE FROM STU_INFOWHERE LEFTXH,4 = '2000'11、ALTER TABLE STU_INFOADD BYSJ varchar812、UPDATE XKSET KSCJ = 60WHERE KSCJ BETWEEN 55 AND 59 andXH inSELECT xhFROM stu_infoWHERE zyh = '0501'andKCH inSELECT kchFROM gcourseWHERE km = '大学英语'前面已经考虑到在该题目中应该加入学生课程信息表GCOURSE13、UPDATE GCOURSESET KCXF=6WHERE KCH = '090101'14、CREATE TABLE CCOURSEKCH char6,KM varchar30,KCYWM varchar3015、CREATE VIEW ISE ASSELECTFROM STU_INFOWHERE XSH=’12’第五章课后答案5.11~7 BABABCB5.21 使属性域变为简单域消除非主属性对主关键字的部分依赖消除非主属性对主关键字的传递依赖2 平凡函数依赖3 Y也相同唯一的Y值5.31 函数依赖：P136定义5.1部分函数依赖：P138定义5.4完全函数依赖：P138定义5.4传递函数依赖：P138定义5.51NF:P139定义5.62NF:P141定义5.73NF:P142定义5.8BCNF:P144定义5.9在全码关系中R〈U,F〉中若存在这样的码X,属性组Y及非主属性Z 使得X→Y, Y→Z成立,所以全码关系R〈U,F〉∈3NF;在全码关系R〈U,F〉中,对于R中的函数依赖,若X→Y且X必含有码,所以全码关系R∈BCNF 2 1 R的码是Sno,Cno,R是1NF,因为Teacher和Title属性部分函数依赖于码Sno,Cno,所以R∈1NF2SCSno,Cno,GradeCTCno,teacher TTTeacher,title3 D->B C->A4 需求分析需求分析是数据库设计的第一个阶段,从数据库设计的角度来看,需求分析的任务是对现实世界要处理的对象组织、部门、企业等进行详细的调查了解,通过对原系统的了解,收集支持新系统的基础数据并对其进行处理,在此基础上确定新系统的功能;概念结构设计阶段将需求分析得到的用户需求抽象为信息结构即概念模型的过程就是概念结构设计;简单地说数据库概念结构设计的任务就是根据需求分析所确定的信息需求,建立信息模型;如E-R模型;逻辑结构设计阶段数据库逻辑结构设计的任务是把概念结构设计阶段所得到的与DBMS无关的数据模式,转换成某一个DBMS所支持的数据模型表示的逻辑结构;数据库物理设计阶段数据库物理设计是对给定的关系数据库模式,根据计算机系统所提供的手段和施加的限制确定一个最适合应用环境的物理存储结构和存取方法数据库实施阶段在数据库实施阶段,设计人员运用DBMS提供的数据语言及其宿主语言,根据逻辑设计和物理设计的结果建立数据库,编制与调试应用程序,组织数据入库,并进行试运行数据库运行和维护阶段数据库应用系统经过试运行后即可投入正式运行;在数据库系统运行过程中必须不断地对其进行评价、调整与修改;包括：数据库的转储和恢复、数据库的安全性和完整性控制、数据库性能的监督、分析和改进、数据库的重组织和重构造;P149最后一段ER图是用来描述某一组织单位的概念模型,提供了表示实体、属性和联系的方法;构成ER图的基本要素是实体、属性和关系;实体是指客观存在并可相互区分的事特；属性指指实体所具有的每一个特性;商店商店编号,商店名,地址,电话码：商店编号顾客顾客编号,姓名,性别,家庭住址,出生年月码：顾客编号消费商店编号,顾客编号,消费金额码：商店编号,顾客编号第六章习题答案6.1 单项选择题1、A2、D3、D4、D5、B6、D7、C6.2 填空题1、原子性一致性隔离性持续性 ACID2、软故障硬故障3、静态动态4、丢失修改不可重复读读“脏”数据5、自主存取控制强制存取控制6、实体完整性约束参照完整性约束用户自定义完整性约束6.4 综合题create table 读者借书证号 char10 primary key,姓名 varchar10 not null,年龄 tinyint not null,所在院系 varchar20 not nullcreate 图书图书号 char8 primary key,书名 varchar20 not null,作者 varchar10 not null,出版社 varchar30 not null,价格 real not null check价格>0 and 价格<=120create 借阅借书证号 char10 not null,图书号 char8 not null,借阅日期 datetime not null,primary key借书证号, 图书号,foreign key借书证号 references 读者借书证号,foreign key图书号 references 图书图书号实验4 答案Select xh,xm,xbm from stu_info,gdept where stu_info.xsh=gdept.xsh and gdept.xsm=’信息科学与工程’或 Select xh,xm,xbm from stu_info where xsh=select xsh from gdept where xsm=’信息科学与工程’Select stu_info.xh,xm,km from stu_info,xk,gcourse where stu_info.xh=xk.xh and xk.kch=gcourse.kch and kscj>85Select xh,xm,xsm from stu_info,gdept where stu_info.xsh=gdept.xsh and xh like ‘2000%’Select xh, xm from stu_info where xh in select xh from xk where kch=’090101’ and kscj<60或 select stu_info.xh,xm from stu_info,xk where stu_info.xh=xk.xh and kch=’090101’ and kscj<605. select stu_info.xh,xm,km from stu_info,xk,gcourse where stu_info.xh=xk.xh and xk.kch=gcourse.kch and xsh=’12’ and kscj<606. select stu_info.xh,xm,xsm from stu_info,xk,gdept where stu_info.xsh=gdept.xsh and stu_info.xh=xk.xh and kkny=’20011’ group by stu_info.xh,xm,xsm having count>=10实验5 答案1、2题参考实验4答案3. Select xh,xm,xbm,bh from stu_info where zyh in select zyh from stu_info where xm=’李明’ order by xh实验6答案Create view num_ban as select countdistinct bh from stu_infoCreate view ban as select distinct bh from stu_infoCreate view is_stu as select xm,xbm,bh from stu_info where xsh=’01’ orxsh=’02’Create view zhang_stu as select from stu_info where xsh=’01’ and xm like ‘张%’或 Create view zhang_stu as select from stu_info,gdept where xsm=’材料科学与工程’ and xm like ‘张%’ and stu_info.xsh=gdept.xsh8. Create view 材0168 as select stu_info.,xk. from stu_info,xk where bh=’材0168’ and stu_info.xh=xk.xhCreate view gaoshu _stu as select xm from stu_info,xk,gcourse where stu_info.xh=xk.xh and gcourse.kch=xk.kch and km=’高等数学’或 Create view gaoshu _stu as select xm from stu_info where xh inselect xh from xk where kch =select kch from gcourse where km=’高等数学’。
