Windows Server 2003DHCP 安装设定和管理维护

DHCP Server
SuperscopeA
Scope1 192.168.1.1
Scope2 192.168.2.1
192.168.1.254 192.168.2.254
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.254
Configuring a Multicast Scope
DHCP Server
Automatic Private IP Addressing
Computer Running Windows XP / 2019
Request for IP Address
APIPA Generates IP Address
169.254.X.X
DHCP Server (Offline)
IP Addresses Available for Lease to Client Computers
Selecting DHCP Options
DHCP option
Description
Routers
A preferred list of IP addresses for routers on the same subnet as the DHCP clients
Compares information to find
inconsistencies
Reconciles inconsistencies in the DHCP database
Example
Summary information Detailed information Reconciled DHCP database
• Windows Server 2019 stores the DHCP database in the directory %Systemroot%\System32\Dhcp
• The DHCP database files include:
DHCP.mdb Tmp.edb J50.log and J50*.log
DHCPACK
Source IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Offered IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Client Hardware Address = 08004... Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Length of Lease = 8 days Server Identifier = 192.168.0.108 DHCP Option: Router = 192.168.0.1
Computer2
DHCP Server
Request for Multicast Address
Multicast Group
Multicast Address Assigned
Computer1
Computer3
Computer4
Routed Network Configuration Options
Client has IP address 192.168.1.34
IP address 192.168.1.34 is available
Create an active lease entry
What Are DHCP Statistics?
DHCP Server
DHCP statistics represent statistics collected at either the server level or scope level since the DHCP service was last started
What Is a DHCP Audit Log File?
A DHCP audit log is a log of service-related events, such as when: the service starts and stops; authorizations have been verified; or IP addresses are leased, renewed, released, or denied
Res*.log J50.chk
How a DHCP Database Is Reconciled
DHCP Database Registry
DHCP Server
Detailed IP address lease information
Summary IP address lease information
Add
Close
Examining Option Classes
• Vendor-defined classes manage DHCP options that are assigned to clients that are identified by vendor type
• User-defined classes manage DHCP options that are assigned to clients with common configuration requirements
Windows Server 2019
DHCP 安裝設定與管理維護
林寶森 jefflms11.hinet
How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses
Non-DHCP Client: Static IP
configuration
DHCP Client2: IP configuration from DHCP server
Reserving IP Addresses for Client Computers
New Reservation
Provide information for a reserved client.
Reservation name: Stuttgart Server
IP address:
192 . 168 . 1 . 201
No IP Address Returned
Broadcasts the IP Address
Assigns IP Address
No Response
Securing the DHCP Service
Active Directory
DHCP Server 1 DHCP Server 2
Authorized List
DHCP Administrators
DHCP Server 1
DHCP Log DHCP Server 2
DHCP Users
Overview of Scopes
DHCP Server
Scope
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
DHCP Client
Broadcast
Non RFC Compliant
Router
RFC-1542 Compliant
Router
Broadcast
DHCP Relay Agent
Windows 2019 Server
Broadcast DHCP Server
Broadcast DHCP Client
Active Addresses DHCP Server
What Is a DHCP Database?
• The DHCP database contains DHCP configuration data, such as information about scopes, reservations, options, and leases
DHCP Server
Configuration A Configuration B
Client1 Client2 Client3
Configuration C
Relative IPCONFIG Options
• IPCONFIG /all
Display full configuration information
Enhancing DHCP Availability with Distributed Scopes
Scope for 192.168.1.X/24 defined in both DHCP Servers
Active Addresses Excluded Addresses
Excluded Addresses DHCP Server
DNS servers
IP addresses for DNS name servers that DHCP clients use to resolve names
DNS domain
Domain name that DHCP clients should use when resolving names
Lease Generation
Lease Renewal
DHCP Server
DHCP Client1: IP configuration from DHCP server
DHCP Database
IP Address1: Leased to DHCP Client1 IP Address2: Leased to DHCP Client2 IP Address3: Available to be leased
DHCPREQUEST
Source IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Requested IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Hardware Address = 08004....