商务英语合同翻译(英译汉)技巧及注意事项PPT
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商务英语英译汉翻译技巧商务英语涉及语言、交际技巧、商务知识、文化背景等因素,有其独特的语言特色。
词汇和句子是商务英语的基础要素,抓住商务英语词汇和句式上的特点,采取恰当的翻译方法,能有效规范商务英语的翻译,提高交流效率,进而更好地促进国际贸易和国际交流活动的发展。
1.增词和减词在商务英语翻译实践中,词量增减也是很重要的一个翻译技巧。
翻译过程中要根据原文上下文的意思、逻辑关系以及语言句法特点和表达习惯,在翻译时有时增加原文字面没有出现但实际内容已包含的'词,或者减去原文虽有但译文语言表达用不着的词。
例1:All cash bonus shall be subject to income tax.译文:所有现金红利,均须缴纳所得税。
解析:根据汉语行文习惯,增加动词。
例2:On condition that you sign this receipt I will pay the money.译文:你在收据上签字,我就付款。
解析:减词译法可以使译文言简意赅。
改变翻译中逐字翻译造成的累赘、拖沓或不符合行文习惯、甚至产生歧义的现象。
2.分译和合译分译是指把原来的句子翻译成两个或两个以上的句子,这样可以把意思表达得更清楚一点。
合译是指把原文两个或两个以上的句子在译文中用一个单句或复句来表达。
例3:We have forwarded the catalogs and drawings you sent us to some large manufactures and now have affirmative answer from factory in shanghai.译文:我们已将寄来的目录和图纸转交给几家大厂,现已接到上海一家工厂愿意承办的答复。
例4:We hope this will go smoothly and you are able to conclude the contract soon.译文:希望一切顺利并速签合同。
第一节商务合同的种类BrainstormingTranslate the following into Chinese1.Contracts for International Sale of Goods国际货物销售合同2.Contracts for International Technology Transfer国际技术转让合同3.Contracts for Sino-Foreign Joint Ventures中外合资经营企业合同4.Contracts for Sino-Foreign Contractual Joint Ventures中外合作经营企业合同5. Contracts for International Engineering Projects国际工程承包合同Part V Practical trainingTranslate the following English expressions into Chinese 1. Contract of Purchase购买合同2. Purchase Confirmation购买协议书3. International Loan Agreement国际借贷合同4. Labor Service Contract劳务合同5. Exclusive Sales Agreement包销协议6. Forwarding Agency Agreement货运代理合同7. Outsourcing Agreement外包合同8. Service Agreement服务合同9. Share Transfer Agreement股权转让协议10. International Technical Consultancy Service Contract国际技术咨询服务合同Translate the following contract into ChineseORIGINAL Sales Contract NO.Date:The sellers. CHINA NATIONAL MINERALS IMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION Erh Li Glou, Beijing Cable Address: MINERALS BEIJINGTelex: 22773 MINERALS BEIJING22774 MIMET CN 22190 MIMET CNFax: 8315079The buyers. Cable Address:Telex:The Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the undermentioned goods on the terms and(5) Time of Shipment:(6) Port of Loading:(7) Port of Destination:(8) Insurance: To effected by the Sellers for 110% of invoice value covering(9) Terms of Payment:By confimed, irrevocable, transferable and divisible Letter of Credit in favour of the Sellers payable at sight against presentation of shipping documents in China, with partial shipments and transshipments allowed. The covering Letter of Credit must reach the Sellers 45 days before the contracted date of shipment and remain valid in the above loading port until the 15thday after shipment, failing which the Sellers reserve the right to cancel the contract without further notice and to claim against the Buyers for any loss resulting therefrom.(10) Documents:The Sellers shall present to the negotiating bank, Clean On Board Bill of Lading, Invoice, Quality Certificate issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau or the Manufacturers, Survey Report on Quantity / Weight issued by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, and Transferable Insurance Policy or Insurance Certificate when this Contract is made on CIF basis.(11) Terms of Shipment:1. The carrying vessel shall be provided by the Sellers. Partial shipments and transshipmentare allowed.2. After loading is completed, the Sellers shall notify the Buyers by cable of the contractnumber, name of commodity, quantity, name of the carrying vessel and date of shipment.(12) Quality / Quantity / weight Discrepancy and Claim:In case the quality and / or quantity/ weight are found by the Buyers to be not in conformity with the Contract after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyers may lodge claim with the Sellers supported by survey report issued by an inspection organization agreed upon by both parties, with the exception, however, of those claims for which the insurance company and / or the shipping company are to be held responsible. Claim for quality discrepancy should be filed by the Buyers within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity / weight discrepancy claim should be filed by the Buyers within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination. The Sellers shall, within 30 days after receipt of the notification of the claim, send reply to the Buyers.(13) Force Majeure:In case of Force Majeure, the Sellers shall not be held responsible for late delivery ornon-delivery of the goods but shall notify the Buyers by cable. The Sellers shall deliver to the Buyers by registered mail, if so requested by the Buyers, a certificate issued by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade or related competent authorities.(14) Arbitration:All disputes in connection with this Contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by negotiation between two parties. If no settlement can be reached, the in dispute shall then be submitted for arbitration in the country of defendant in accordance with the arbitration regulations of the arbitration organization of the defendant country. The decision made by the arbitration organization shall be taken as final and binding upon both parties. Thearbitration expenses shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration organization.(15) Remarks:Sellers: Buyers:CHINA NATIONAL MINERALSIMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION正本合同合同号:日期:卖方中国矿产进出口公司北京二里沟电报挂号买方双方同意按下列条款由卖方出售,买方购进下列货物:(5)装运期限:(6)装运口岸:(7)目的口岸:(8)保险:由卖方按发票金额110%投保(9)付款条件:凭保兑的、不可撤销的、可转让的、可分割的即期信用证在中国见单付款。
商务英语翻译之合同翻译第一节商务合同的基础知识第二节合同英语的词汇特点及翻译要点第三节合同英语的句法特点及翻译要点第四节合同内容的翻译第五节商务合同的翻译标准第一节商务合同的基础知识一、概念与文体虽然国内外对合同的定义各不相同,但都有一个共同点:A contract is an agreement, which legally binds the parties concerned。
比如,99年中国《合同法》规定,Contacts referred to in this Law are agreements establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations。
在由Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中,contract被定义为“a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义,合同是一种承诺,违反承诺可以得到法律救助,在某种意义上,法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。
综上可见,合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的法律协议。
商务合同是依法成立的法律性文件,自有其特殊的文体特征。
通常所谓的“文体(style)”是指人们运用语言时,总是根据一定的交际内容、交际目的和交际场合,来选取一定的表达形式,即所谓的语言风格;这种风格,既要适应交际对象,又受到特定语言环境的制约。