出师表原文及英文对照版

臣亮言：Permit me to observe:先帝创业未半而中道崩殂(bēng cú)，今天下三分，益州[yìzhōu]疲弊(píbì)，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫(shìwèi)之臣不懈(bùxiè)于内，忠志之士忘身于外(wàng shēn yúwài)者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士[huīhóng zhìshì]之气，不宜妄自菲薄[wàng z ìfěi bó]，引喻失义[yǐn yùshīyì]，以塞(sè)忠谏之路也。

The late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire [ˈɛmˌpaɪr] is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still, the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm [rɛlm] remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale [məˈræl ] of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

《出师表》原文及英文对照版·臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish hislife's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.·然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.·诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of yourofficers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.·亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

出师表原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也.然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也.诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也.Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同.若有作奸犯科及为忠善者,宜付有司论其刑赏,以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使内外异法也.侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,此皆良实,志虑忠纯,是以先帝简拔以遗陛下.愚以为宫中之事,事无大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必得裨补阙漏,有所广益.将军向宠,性行淑均,晓畅军事,试用之于昔日,先帝称之曰能,是以众议举宠为督.愚以为营中之事,悉以咨之,必能使行阵和睦,优劣得所.亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也.先帝在时,每与臣论此事,未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也.侍中、尚书、长史、参军,此悉贞良死节之臣,愿陛下亲之信之,则汉室之隆,可计日而待也.The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely, and their dynasty flourished. The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly, and they doomed the empire to ruin. Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling.臣本布衣,躬耕于南阳,苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯.先帝不以臣卑鄙,猥自枉屈,三顾臣于草庐之中,咨臣以当世之事,由是感激,遂许先帝以驱驰.后值倾覆,受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间,尔来二十有一年矣.I began as a common man, farming in my fields in Nanyang, doing what I could to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a name for myself as a noble. The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice. Grateful for his regard, I responded to his appeal and threw myself into his service. Now 21 years have passed.先帝知臣谨慎,故临崩寄臣以大事也.受命以来,夙夜忧叹,恐托付不效,以伤先帝之明,故五月渡泸,深入不毛.今南方已定,兵甲已足,当奖率三军,北定中原,庶竭驽钝,攘除奸凶,兴复汉室,还于旧都.此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也.至于斟酌损益,进尽忠言,则攸之、祎、允之任也.The late Emperor always appreciated my caution and, in his final days, entrusted me with his cause. Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that I might let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer, and entered the wastelands beyond. Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the former capital. This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to you.愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效,不效,则治臣之罪,以告先帝之灵.陛下亦宜自谋,以咨诹善道,察纳雅言.深追先帝遗诏,臣不胜受恩感激.My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore the Han. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit of the late Emperor. Your Majesty, consider your course of action carefully. Seek out good advice, and never forget the late words of the late Emperor.I depart now on a long expedition, and I will be forever grateful if you heed my advice. Blinded by my own tears, I know not what I write.今当远离,临表涕零,不知所言.。

《出师表》原文及英文对照版欧阳家百（2021.03.07）·臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.·然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.·诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.·亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

出师表原文及英文对照王洛勇版The latest revision on November 22, 2020《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor wastaken from us before he could finish his life's work,the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is stilldivided in three, and our very survival is threatened.Yet still the officials at court and the soldiersthroughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty.Because they remember the late emperor, all of them,and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.This is the moment to extend your divine influence, tohonor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthenthe morale of your officers. It is not the time tolisten to bad advice, or close your ears to thesuggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

《出师表》原文及英文对照版·臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.·然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.·诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.·亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

《出师表》Northern Expedition Memorial（节选）臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

出师表英文对照以下是《出师表》的英文对照版本：The English translation of the "Declaration of the Expedition" is as follows:"The Declaration of the Expedition"The Prime Minister to the Emperor:I, Liang, am writing this declaration of the expedition to express my deep gratitude to the Emperor for his trust and support. As his loyal subject, I have always been committed to serving the interests of the country and the people, and now I am willing to lead the army on a punitive expedition to northern Shu.I have observed that the northern Shu army is strong and well-trained, with experienced generals and soldiers. However, they are also arrogant and overconfident, and their morale is not high. In contrast, our army is composed of newly recruited soldiers who lack training and experience. In addition, they are not well-prepared and lack sufficient supplies and equipment. Therefore, we must be cautious and take appropriate measures to ensure our victory.Firstly, we must unite and coordinate our efforts. We must establish a command structure that is clear and effective, and ensure that everyone knows their duties and responsibilities. We must also establish a system of rewards and punishments to encourage our troops to fight bravely and efficiently.Secondly, we must respect our opponents and understand their strengths and weaknesses. We must take into account the terrain and weather conditions, and make appropriate tactical decisions. We must also take advantage of our own strengths and seek opportunities to attack their weaknesses.Finally, we must maintain good discipline and morale. We must ensure that our troops are well-trained and well-disciplined, and that they maintain a high level of morale. We must also ensure that they are properly equipped and supplied, and that they receive adequate rest and relaxation.I believe that with the Emperor's guidance and support, as well as the efforts of all officials and soldiers, we will definitely achieve victory in this expedition. I am willing to sacrifice my life for the interests of the country and the people, and I sincerely ask everyone to support me in this endeavor.Liang, Prime Minister.。

出师表先帝创业未半而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内；忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作*犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。

侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费依、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。

愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。

将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督。

愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。

亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。

侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞亮死节之臣也，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。

先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。

后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。

先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。

受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐付托不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。

今南方已定，甲兵已足，当奖帅三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除*凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。

此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。

至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、依、允等之任也。

愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。

若无兴德之言，则责攸之、依、允等之慢，以彰其咎。

陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。

臣不胜受恩感激！今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。

出师表----英文版 The First Ruler had accomplished but half his great task at his death. At this moment the empire is in three parts, and our country is weak; it is a most critical moment for us. Still, ministers are not remiss in the capital, and loyal and devoted soldiers sacrifice their lives abroad, for they still remember the special kindness of the First Ruler and wish to show their gratitude to him by service to Your Majesty. Therefore it would be indeed fitting that you should extend your holy virtue to glorify his virtuous memory in the stimulation of the will of your purposeful officers. Your Majesty should not lose yourself in the pursuit of mean things, quoting phrases to confound the eternal principles of rectitude, and so preventing remonstrance from honest people. One rule applies to the palace of the Emperor and the residence of a courtier; there must be one law rewarding the good and punishing the evil. Evil-doers and law-breakers, as also true and good people, should be dealt with according to their deserts by the officers concerned in order to manifest Your Majesty's impartial and enlightened administration. Partiality is wrong, as is one law for the court and another for the regions. The High Ministers Fei Yi, Guo Youzhi, and Dong Yun are honest men, devotedly anxious to be loyal to the last degree; wherefore His Late Majesty chose them in his testament. My advice is to consult them in all Palace matters, great or small, before taking action. Your Majesty will reap the enormous advantage of having any failings corrected.General Xiang Chong is a man of well-balanced temperament, versed in military matters, to whom, after testing him, the late Emperor applied the epithet 'capable'. The consensus of opinion is that Xiang Chong should be Grand Commander. My advice is to consult him in all military matters, great or small, whereby your military forces will yield their maximum, each one being employed to the best advantage. Attract worthy people; repel mean ones. This policy achieved the glory of the Former Hans, while its reversal ruined the Latter Hans. When the late Emperor was with us, he often discussed this with your servant, and he took much to heart the story of Emperors Huan and Ling. The Chair of the Secretariat Chen Zhen, Commander Zhang Si, and Minister Jiang Wan are both incorruptible and enlightened people, honest to the death. I wish that Your Majestyshould have them near and hold them in confidence. If this be done, then the glory of the House of Han will be quickly consummated. I was originally a private person, a farmer in Nanyang, concerned only to secure personal safety in a troubled age and not seeking conversation with the contending nobles. His Late Majesty, the First Ruler, overlooking the commonness of my origin, condescended to seek me thrice in my humble cot and consult me on the trend of events. His magnanimity affected me deeply, and I consented to do my utmost for him. Then came defeat, and I took office at a moment of darkest outlook and at a most difficult crisis. This is twenty-one years ago. The First Ruler recognized my diligent care, and when dying he confided the great task to me. From that day I have lived a life of anxiety lest I should fail in my trust and so dim his glory. That is why I undertook the expedition to the lands beyond the River Lu. Now the Southern Mangs has been quelled, and our army is in good condition.I ought to lead it against the north, where I may meet with a measure of success in the removal of the wicked ones, the restoration of Han, and a return to the old capital. This is my duty out of gratitude to the late Emperor and loyalty to Your Majesty. As to a discussion of the pros and cons and giving atrue version of the whole matter, that belongs to Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi and Dong Yun. I desire Your Majesty to confide to me the task of slaying the rebels and restoring the Hans. If I fail, then punish me by telling the spirit of the late Emperor. If you know not what restoration implies, that is the fault of your advisers. Your Majesty should take pains to be guided into the right path and examine carefully what is laid before you, carefully remembering the late Emperor's testament. I cannot express what would be my delight if you had the goodness to accept and act on my advice. Now I am about to depart on a distant expedition, I write this with tears and clearly know what I have said.。

《出师表》原文及英文对照版·臣亮言:先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe： the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life’s work， the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.·然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.·诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.·亲贤臣，远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

出师表原文及英文对照王洛勇版集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor wastaken from us before he could finish his life's work,the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is stilldivided in three, and our very survival is threatened.Yet still the officials at court and the soldiersthroughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty.Because they remember the late emperor, all of them,and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.This is the moment to extend your divine influence, tohonor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthenthe morale of your officers. It is not the time tolisten to bad advice, or close your ears to thesuggestions of loyal men.宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

《出师表》原文及英文对照版·臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.·然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.·诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.·亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。