Effects of elevated vacuum on in-socket residual limb fluid volume

小学上册英语第一单元测验卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.Which planet is closest to the sun?A. EarthB. VenusC. MercuryD. MarsC2.What is the opposite of hot?A. WarmB. CoolC. ColdD. Burning3.My sister has a talent for __________ (表演).4. A ___ (小狗) wags its tail when it is happy.5.The _____ (生态系统服务) includes clean air and food production.6.Her _____ (音乐盒) plays a lovely tune.7.green jobs) support sustainable industries. The ____8.In chemistry, a model is used to explain _____.9.My toys have different colors and designs that make them ________ (形容词).10.The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the end of _____.11.The _____ (小鸟) builds its nest in the bushes.12.Which instrument has black and white keys?A. GuitarB. ViolinC. PianoD. DrumsC13. A reaction that produces a solid from a solution is called a ______ reaction.14.The ______ is known for her charity work.15.The ______ (狮子) roars loudly in the wild.16.I like to play with my _____ (橡胶球).17.The _____ (茎) supports the leaves and flowers.18. A zebra is known for its black and ______ stripes.19.Which object helps us tell time?A. CompassB. ClockC. MapD. Book20.What do you call a person who studies animals?A. BiologistB. ZoologistC. BotanistD. EcologistB21.The otter is very ______ (活泼) in the water.22.The process of breaking down food into simpler substances is called _______.23.What is the main purpose of a vacuum cleaner?A. To wash clothesB. To clean floorsC. To cook foodD. To dry hairB To clean floors24.What is the opposite of "fast"?A. QuickB. SlowC. SpeedyD. SwiftB25.She _____ (cooks/cleans) dinner every night.26.My sister is a good ________.27. (77) is where the Great Plains are located. The ____28.Which animal is famous for its wisdom?A. OwlB. CrowC. ParrotD. Eagle29.I like to watch ______ (纪录片) to learn about nature and wildlife.30.We are going to _______ (参加) a festival.31.I have a special talent for _______ (技能). I enjoy sharing it with others.32.The _______ (The Black Death) devastated Europe in the 14th century.33.What is the name of the first spacecraft to orbit the Moon?A. Apollo 11B. Luna 1C. Ranger 7D. Surveyor 134.What is the largest continent on Earth?A. AfricaB. AsiaC. EuropeD. AustraliaB35.I call my friend’s grandma __________. (奶奶)36.The ________ was a significant moment in the history of labor rights.37.What is the term for an animal that hunts for food?A. PredatorB. PreyC. ScavengerD. OmnivoreA38.My favorite childhood toy is a ____ from my grandma. (玩具名称)39. A greenhouse provides an ideal ______ for growing plants year-round. (温室提供了一年四季种植植物的理想环境。

2022年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.In times of stress, like living through a global pandemic, it' s natural to fall back on soothing habits---gardening, playing video games or lighting up a cigarette.But what are the risks, given that the novel coronavirus at the center of the current crisis attacks the lungs? The science is in its early stages, but studies are finding that cigarette smokers are more likely to have severe infections. There is data to show that if you are a smoker, you're more likely to have adverse outcomes from COVID-19, need mechanical ventilation and die than if you' re not a smoker. Smoking damages the lungs' defense mechanisms, making it harder to fight off COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.What does science say? Early data was conflicting. Some reports indicated that smoking was not associated with increased adverse outcomes and that smokers were underrepresented in hospital settings, leading some to claim that smokers might even have immunity to the virus. But specialists dismissed the claims as "really fringe stuff". One study found that of those who died of COVID-19, 9 percent were current smokers, compared with 4 percent of those that survived. Smoking, for one thing, inhibits blood cells that would otherwise clean and repair damaged lungs.What about e-cigarettes? Less is known about how coronavirus patients who use e-cigarettes products are faring, but several doctors suspect their trajectory will mirror that of cigarette smokers. Smoking e-cigarettes has all the same adverse effects as smoking ordinary cigarettes does. Smoking anything can irritate the lining of your lungs. If you irritate the lining of your lungs, you set yourself up for trouble, because the disease kills people by attacking the lungs.What about secondhand smoke? Smokers do not expel more of a respiratory virus than non-smokers, although they do cough more. The smoke itself doesn' t seem to increase the amount of virus that gets in the air. However, to the extent that the virus is carried in tiny aerosol particles that stay in the air, one of the possible meansof transmission, the smoke shows where those particles are located. One study showed that people who had been exposed to second hand smoke were more likely to contract tuberculosis and, once they got it, didn' t do as well as those who weren' t exposed to smoke. In terms of these immune-suppressive effects, as it relates to tuberculosis, secondhand smoke has adverse effects.Each virus has its unique pattern of dispersion, and scientists are starting to get a handle on how the novel coronavirus behaves. This understanding is making it possible to rank the risks of different activities from high to low to trivial.The two drivers of the spread of the disease are close contact and crowding in closed spaces, as the virus is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets and close contact. It spreads through homeless shelter and nursing homes, where people are crowded in with many others. And it spreads through people's households. Scientists have found some trends. For example, spending time dining together or being on public transport might increase the risk of spreading or contracting the disease, while going to a market briefly for five minutes or a transient encounter while you walk or run past someone is considered low risk.The studies were all done through contact tracing, which may turn out to be humanity's greatest strategy for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Contact tracing can stop chains of transmission, even after a disease is widespread. Another major benefit is that it offers clues as to how the disease spreads. Each virus has its unique pattern.【参考译文】：适逢直面重重压力之际,恰似人类正身陷于这一场席卷全球的新冠肺炎疫情之图圄。

2025年全国大学英语CET四级考试模拟试卷及答案指导一、写作（15分）CET-4 Writing SectionDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “The Importance of Teamwork”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Sample Essay: The Importance of TeamworkIn today’s fast-paced and highly competitive world, the concept of teamwork has become more crucial than ever. It is often said that one can go fast alone, but to go far, one must go together. This saying underlines the importance of teamwork in achieving common goals effectively and efficiently.Teamwork allows for the pooling of diverse skills and talents, which leads to more innovative solutions and better decision-making. When individuals with different backgrounds and expertise collaborate, they bring unique perspectives to the table, fostering an environment where creativity thrives. Furthermore, working as a team builds a support system, enabling members to rely on each other during challenging times, thus reducing stress and increasing job satisfaction.Another significant benefit of teamwork is the ability to accomplish tasksthat would be impossible for an individual to handle. By dividing work among team members based on their strengths, teams can tackle complex projects, ensuring all aspects are thoroughly covered. This not only improves the quality of work but also accelerizes the completion time.In conclusion, the value of teamwork cannot be overstated. It is through collaboration and mutual support that we can achieve great things, overcome obstacles, and reach our full potential. Embracing the spirit of teamwork is essential for both personal and professional success in our interconnected world.Analysis:•Introduction: The essay begins with a clear statement about the increasing significance of teamwork in the modern era, setting up the main argument.•Body Paragraphs:•The first body paragraph discusses how teamwork enhances innovation and decision-making by combining varied skills and viewpoints.•The second body paragraph highlights the supportive nature of teamwork, emphasizing its role in managing stress and boosting morale.• A third point is made about the efficiency and effectiveness gained from dividing labor according to individual strengths, allowing for thesuccessful execution of complex tasks.•Conclusion: The concluding paragraph reinforces the thesis, summarizing the key benefits of teamwork and linking them to broader concepts ofachievement and personal growth.This sample response adheres to the word limit (156 words), maintains a coherent structure, and provides specific examples to support the main points, making it a strong example for the CET-4 writing section.二、听力理解-短篇新闻（选择题，共7分）第一题News Item 1:A new study has found that the popularity of online shopping has led to a significant increase in the use of plastic packaging. The researchers analyzed data from various e-commerce platforms and discovered that the amount of plastic packaging used in online orders has doubled over the past five years. This has raised concerns about the environmental impact of e-commerce and the need for more sustainable packaging solutions.Questions:1、What is the main issue addressed in the news?A) The decline of traditional shopping methods.B) The environmental impact of online shopping.C) The growth of e-commerce platforms.D) The advantages of plastic packaging.2、According to the news, what has happened to the use of plastic packaging in online orders over the past five years?A) It has decreased by 50%.B) It has remained stable.C) It has increased by 25%.D) It has doubled.3、What is the primary concern raised by the study regarding online shopping?A) The increase in the number of e-commerce platforms.B) The high cost of online shopping.C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.D) The difficulty in returning products.Answers:1、B) The environmental impact of online shopping.2、D) It has doubled.3、C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.第二题Section B: Short NewsIn this section, you will hear one short news report. At the end of the news report, you will hear three questions. After each question, there is a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.News Report:The World Health Organization announced today that it has added the ChineseSinovac COVID-19 vaccine to its list of vaccines approved for emergency use. This move will facilitate the distribution of the vaccine in lower-income countries participating in the COVAX initiative aimed at ensuring equitable access to vaccines globally. The WHO praised the Sinovac vaccine for its easy storage requirements, making it ideal for areas with less sophisticated medical infrastructure.Questions:1、According to the news report, what did the WHO announce?A)The end of the pandemicB)Approval of a new vaccineC)Launch of a global health campaignD)Increased funding for vaccine researchAnswer: B) Approval of a new vaccine2、What was highlighted about the Sinovac vaccine by the WHO?A)It is the most effective vaccine availableB)It requires simple storage conditionsC)It is cheaper than other vaccinesD)It has no side effectsAnswer: B) It requires simple storage conditions3、What is the purpose of the COVAX initiative mentioned in the report?A)To speed up vaccine developmentB)To provide financial support to vaccine manufacturersC)To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwideD)To promote travel between countriesAnswer: C) To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwide三、听力理解-长对话（选择题，共8分）第一题Part Three: Long ConversationsIn this section, you will hear 1 long conversation. The conversation will be played twice. After you hear a part of the conversation, there will be a pause. Both the questions and the conversation will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Now, listen to the conversation.Conversational Excerpt:M: Hey, Jane, how was your day at the office today?W: Oh, it was quite a challenge. I had to deal with a lot of issues. But I think I handled them pretty well.M: That’s good to hear. What were the main issues you faced?W: Well, first, we had a problem with the new software we’re tryin g to implement. It seems to be causing some technical difficulties.M: Oh no, that sounds frustrating. Did you manage to fix it?W: Not yet. I’m still trying to figure out what’s wrong. But I’m workingon it.M: That’s important. The company can’t afford a ny downtime with this software.W: Exactly. And then, I had to deal with a customer complaint. The customer was really upset because of a delayed shipment.M: That’s never a good situation. How did you handle it?W: I tried to be understanding and offered a discount on their next order. It seemed to calm them down a bit.M: That was a good move. Did it resolve the issue?W: Yes, it did. They’re satisfied now, and I think we’ve avoided a bigger problem.M: It sounds like you had a busy day. But you did a good job handling everything.W: Thanks, I’m glad you think so.Questions:1、What was the main issue the woman faced with the new software?A) It was causing problems with the computer systems.B) It was taking longer to install than expected.C) It was causing technical difficulties.D) It was not compatible with their existing systems.2、How did the woman deal with the customer complaint?A) She escalated the issue to her supervisor.B) She offered a discount on the customer’s next order.C) She apologized directly to the customer.D) She sent the customer a refund check.3、What was the woman’s impression of her day at work?A) It was uneventful and unchallenging.B) It was quite stressful but rewarding.C) It was a day filled with unnecessary meetings.D) It was a day where she didn’t accomplish much.4、What did the man say about the woman’s day at work?A) He thought it was unproductive.B) He felt she had handled everything well.C) He thought she should have asked for help.D) He believed she should take a break.Answers:1、C2、B3、B4、B第二题对话内容:Man:Hey, Sarah. I heard you’re planning to go on a trip next month. Where are you heading?Sarah:Oh, hi, Mike! Yes, I’m really excited about it. I’m going to Japan. It’s my first time there.Man:That sounds amazing! How long will you be staying? And what places are you planning to visit?Sarah:I’ll be there for two weeks. My plan is to start in Tokyo and then travel to Kyoto, Osaka, and Hiroshima. I’ve always been fascinated by the mix of traditional and modern culture in Japan.Man: Two weeks should give you plenty of time to see a lot. Are you going alone or with someone?Sarah:Actually, I’m going with a group of friends from college. We all decided to take this trip together after graduation. It’ll be great to experience it with them.Man:That’s wonderful! Do you have everything planned out, like accommodations and transportation?Sarah:Mostly, yes. We’ve booked our flights and hotels, and we’re using the Japan Rail Pass for getting around. B ut we’re leaving some room for spontaneity too. Sometimes the best experiences come unexpectedly!Man:Absolutely, that’s the spirit of traveling. Well, I hope you have an incredible time. Don’t forget to try some local food and maybe bring back some souvenirs!Sarah:Thanks, Mike! I definitely won’t miss out on trying sushi and ramen, and I already have a list of gifts to buy for family and friends. I can’t waitto share my adventures with everyone when I get back.1、How long is Sarah planning to stay in Japan?•A) One week•B) Two weeks•C) Three weeks•D) One month答案: B) Two weeks2、Which of the following ci ties is NOT mentioned as part of Sarah’s itinerary?•A) Tokyo•B) Kyoto•C) Sapporo•D) Hiroshima答案: C) Sapporo3、Who is Sarah going to Japan with?•A) By herself•B) With her family•C) With a group of friends•D) With coworkers答案: C) With a group of friends4、What has Sarah and her friends prepared for their trip besides booking flights and hotels?•A) They have hired a personal guide.•B) They have reserved spots for cultural workshops.•C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.•D) They have enrolled in a language course.答案: C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.四、听力理解-听力篇章（选择题，共20分）第一题Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.Passage:In recent years, the concept of “soft skills” has become increasingly popular in the workplace. These are skills that are not traditionally taught in schools but are essential for success in the professional world. Soft skills include communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and time management.1、Many employers believe that soft skills are just as important as technical skills because they help employees adapt to changing work environments.2、One of the most important soft skills is communication. Effectivecommunication can prevent misunderstandings and improve relationships with colleagues.3、Teamwork is also crucial in today’s workplace. Being able to work well with others can lead to better productivity and innovation.4、Problem-solving skills are essential for overcoming obstacles and achieving goals. Employees who can think creatively and solve problems efficiently are highly valued.5、Time management is another key soft skill. Being able to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively can help employees meet deadlines and reduce stress.Questions:1、What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of technical skills in the workplace.B) The definition and examples of soft skills.C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.D) The impact of soft skills on employee performance.2、Why do many employers believe soft skills are important?A) They are easier to teach than technical skills.B) They are not necessary for most jobs.C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.D) They are more difficult to acquire than technical skills.3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a soft skill in the passage?A) Communication.B) Leadership.C) Problem-solving.D) Time management.Answers:1、C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.2、C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.3、B) Leadership.Second Part: Listening Comprehension - Passage QuestionsListen to the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.Passage:Every year, millions of people flock to beaches around the world for their vacations. While enjoying the sun and sand, few give much thought to the tiny organisms that make up the very sand they’re lying on. Sand is actually made from rock particles that have been broken down over time by natural processes. However, on some unique beaches, like those found in Hawaii, the sand has a significant component of coral and shell fragments, giving it a distinctive white color. Beaches not only provide relaxation but also play a crucial role in supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.Questions:1、What do millions of people go to the beaches for annually?2、What makes the sand on Hawaiian beaches distinctive?3、Besides providing relaxation, what other important role do beaches serve?Answers:1、Vacations.2、The presence of coral and shell fragments.3、Supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.第三题PassageThe rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the way we shop. With just a few clicks, customers can purchase products from all over the world and have them delivered to their doorstep. However, this convenience has also brought about some challenges, particularly in terms of logistics and environmental impact.One of the biggest concerns is the environmental impact of packaging. Traditional packaging materials, such as plastic bags and boxes, are not biodegradable and often end up in landfills, contributing to pollution.E-commerce companies have started to address this issue by offering packaging-free options and promoting the use of sustainable materials.Another challenge is the issue of returns. With the ease of online shopping, customers often order more items than they need, leading to a high rate of returns. This not only increases the carbon footprint of shipping but also creates additional waste. Some companies have introduced policies to encourage customers to return fewer items, such as offering incentives for reuse or donation.Despite these challenges, the e-commerce industry is not standing still. There are innovative solutions being developed to make the process more sustainable. For example, some companies are experimenting with drone delivery to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. Others are investing in energy-efficient data centers to power their operations.1、What is one of the main concerns related to e-commerce packaging?A)The high cost of shipping materials.B)The environmental impact of non-biodegradable materials.C)The difficulty in recycling packaging materials.2、How does the high rate of returns affect e-commerce?A)It increases the demand for new packaging materials.B)It leads to a decrease in the cost of shipping.C)It creates additional waste and increases the carbon footprint.3、What is an innovative solution being developed to make e-commerce more sustainable?A)The use of reusable packaging.B)The implementation of strict return policies.C)The introduction of drone delivery.Answers:1、B2、C3、A五、阅读理解-词汇理解（填空题，共5分）First QuestionPassage:In today’s fast-paced world, conservation has become a major concern for environmentalists and policymakers alike. Preserving natural resources is not just about protecting the environment; it also plays a critical role in ensuring sustainable development and improving the quality of life for future generations. Innovative methods are being explored to achieve this goal, including the use of renewable energy sources and promoting eco-friendly practices in industries.Questions:1、The word “conservation” in the passage most likely means:A) The act of using something economically or sparingly.B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.C) The process of changing something fundamentally.D) The act of restoring something to its original state.Answer: B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.2、The word “innovative” in the passage is closest in meaning to:A) Outdated.B) Traditional.C) Creative.D) Unchanged.Answer: C) Creative.3、Based on the context, t he term “eco-friendly” would be best described as:A) Practices that are harmful to the environment.B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.C) Practices that have no impact on the environment.D) Practices that focus solely on economic growth.Answer: B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.4、The phrase “sustainable development” in the text refers to:A) Development that uses up all available resources quickly.B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.C) Development that focuses only on immediate economic gains.D) Development that disregards environmental concerns.Answer: B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.5、When the passage mentions “quality of life,” it implies:A) A decrease in living standards over time.B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.C) The absence of any efforts to improve living conditions.D) The focus on increasing industrial activities regardless of their impact.Answer: B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.This format closely follows the structure you might find in an actual CET Band 4 exam, with a passage followed by vocabulary questions that test understanding of context and word meanings.第二题Reading PassagesIn today’s fast-paced world, staying informed about current events is more important than ever. One of the best ways to keep up with the news is to read newspapers. However, not all newspapers are created equal. Here is an overview of some of the most popular newspapers in the world.1.The New York Times (USA): Established in 1851, The New York Times is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world. It covers a wide range of topics, including national and international news, politics, business, science, technology, and culture.2.The Guardian (UK): The Guardian is a British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1821. It is known for its liberal bias and its commitment to investigative journalism. The Guardian covers a variety of issues, including politics, the environment, and social justice.3.Le Monde (France): Le Monde is a French newspaper that was founded in 1944. It is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known for its in-depth reporting and analysis of global events.4.The Times (UK): The Times is another British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1785. It is a conservative newspaper that focuses on politics, business, and finance.5.El País (Spain): El País is a Spanish newspaper that was founde d in 1976. It is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international news.Vocabulary UnderstandingChoose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided.1、The____________of The New York Times is that it is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world.a.reputationb.historyc.popularityd.bias2、The Guardian is known for its____________bias and its commitment to investigative journalism.a.liberalb.conservativec.moderated.biased3、Le Monde is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known forits____________reporting and analysis.a.shallowb.superficialc.in-depthd.brief4、The Times is a conservative newspaper that focuses on____________issues.a.socialb.economicc.politicald.cultural5、El País is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive____________of national and international news.a.reportingb.analysisc.coveraged.editorialAnswers:1、a. reputation2、a. liberal3、c. in-depth4、c. political5、c. coverage六、阅读理解-长篇阅读（选择题，共10分）第一题Reading Passage OneIn recent years, with the rapid development of the internet and mobile technology, online learning has become increasingly popular among students. Online courses, such as those offered by MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), provide students with convenient access to high-quality educational resources from around the world. However, despite the benefits of online learning, there are also some challenges and considerations that need to be addressed.1.The following passage is about:A. The advantages and disadvantages of online learningB. The impact of online learning on traditional educationC. The history of MOOCs and their role in educationD. The challenges faced by students in online learning2.According to the passage, what is one of the main benefits of online learning?A. It allows students to study at their own paceB. It provides access to a wider range of educational resourcesC. It increases the interaction between students and teachersD. It reduces the cost of education3.The passage mentions that online learning has become increasingly popular due to:A. The advancements in internet technologyB. The decline of traditional education systemsC. The desire for flexible learning schedulesD. All of the above4.What is one of the challenges mentioned in the passage that online learners may face?A. Limited access to technological devicesB. Difficulty in maintaining self-disciplineC. Lack of face-to-face interaction with teachersD. All of the above5.The passage suggests that in order to succeed in online learning, students should:A. Attend online classes regularlyB. Engage in active discussions with peersC. Set clear goals and deadlines for their studiesD. All of the above答案：1.A2.B3.D4.D5.D第二题Reading Passage OneThe rise of the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and accessinformation. One of the most significant impacts has been the transformation of education, with online learning becoming increasingly popular. This passage explores the benefits and challenges of online learning.The Benefits of Online Learning1.Flexibility: Online learning offers students the flexibility to study at their own pace and on their own schedule. This is particularly beneficial for working professionals and those with other commitments.2.Access to a Wide Range of Resources: Online courses often provide access to a wealth of resources, including textbooks, videos, and interactive materials that can enhance the learning experience.3.Diverse Learning Opportunities: Online learning platforms offer a wide variety of courses, ranging from traditional academic subjects to specialized and niche areas of study.4.Cost-Effective: Online courses can be more affordable than traditional classroom-based programs, especially for those who live far from educational institutions.The Challenges of Online Learning1.Self-Discipline: Online learning requires a high level of self-discipline and motivation, as students must manage their time and stay focused without the structure of a traditional classroom.2.Limited Interaction: Online courses often lack the face-to-face interaction that is common in traditional classrooms, which can impact the learning experience and social development of students.3.Technical Issues: Online learning relies heavily on technology, which can lead to technical issues that disrupt the learning process.4.Quality Assurance: With the proliferation of online courses, ensuring the quality and integrity of these courses can be a challenge.Questions:1、What is one of the main advantages of online learning mentioned in the passage?A. It is more expensive than traditional education.B. It requires students to be self-disciplined.C. It provides flexibility in studying.D. It lacks face-to-face interaction.2、According to the passage, what can online learning platforms offer that traditional classrooms might not?A. Limited access to textbooks.B. Fewer specialized courses.C. More interactive learning materials.D. No video resources.3、Which of the following is a challenge that online learning may present?A. Students can easily attend classes at a local university.B. There are no technical issues with online learning.C. It is difficult to ensure the quality of online courses.D. Online learning is always more affordable than traditional education.4、The passage suggests that online learning can be beneficial for:A. Students who prefer face-to-face interaction.B. Individuals with other commitments.C. Those who want to avoid textbooks.D. People who have no access to technology.5、What is one potential drawback of online learning that the passage discusses?A. The ability to study at any time.B. The use of a wide range of resources.C. The possibility of technical disruptions.D. The convenience of studying from home.Answers:1、C2、C3、C4、B5、C七、阅读理解-仔细阅读（选择题，共20分）第一题Reading PassagesIn the following passage, there are some blanks. For each blank there arefour choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage.The digital revolution is changing the way we live, work, and communicate. One of the most significant changes is the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, and decision-making.The potential of AI is enormous. It has the potential to transform industries, improve efficiency, and make our lives more convenient. However, with great power comes great responsibility. The ethical implications of AI are complex and multifaceted.1、The passage is mainly aboutA. the benefits of the digital revolutionB. the rise of artificial intelligenceC. the challenges of the digital revolutionD. the ethical implications of AI2、What is the main concern regarding AI mentioned in the passage?A. Its potential to disrupt traditional industriesB. Its potential to replace human jobsC. Its potential to be used for unethical purposesD. Its potential to cause social inequalities3、The author suggests that AI has the potential to。

最新六级试题及解析答案一、听力部分1. A) The man is a professor.B) The man is a student.C) The man is a writer.D) The man is a journalist.解析：根据对话内容，男士提到了“我正在写一篇关于气候变化的文章”，因此可以判断他是作家。

答案为C。

2. A) The woman is tired of her job.B) The woman is looking for a new job.C) The woman is satisfied with her job.D) The woman is going to quit her job.解析：对话中女士表示“我对我的工作感到厌倦，正在寻找新的工作机会”，因此答案为B。

二、阅读部分1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The impact of technology on sleep.C) The benefits of exercise.D) The effects of diet on health.解析：文章主要讨论了现代科技如何影响人们的睡眠质量。

答案为B。

2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a cause of sleep deprivation?A) Excessive use of electronic devices.B) Lack of physical activity.C) Stress from work.D) Consuming too much caffeine.解析：文章中提到了电子设备的过度使用、工作压力和摄入过多咖啡因都会导致睡眠不足，但并未提及缺乏运动。

2022-2023学年山东省临沂市高二（上）期末英语试卷(含答案)听力略。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

11．（7.5分）Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders，Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.Unique beachesYonaha Maehama Beach is the most famous beach in Miyako Island，where white sand stretches for seven kilometers.The ocean is colored in emerald blue，attracting visitors with its pact Sunayama Beach，known for its arch-shaped rock，is located in a small cove，and is accessed by walking through a narrow tunnel of trees.Diverse and colorful fishSnorkeling （潜水）is a must-try in Miyako Island.Dense coral reefs，schools of tropical fish，sea turtles and plenty of space to free dive to depths of 8 to 15 meters close to the shore are standout features.For beginners，Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo MarineGarden，Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their ultimate spots.The bridgesIrabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan.It connects Miyako Island and Irabujima，stretching for 3540 m，drawing a gentle curve （曲线）.The length of the bridge can also be read as " san （3）go （5）no shi （4）ma，" meaning coral island in Japanese.Smaller bridges connect Irabu and Shimoji islands，giving visitors additional beach options.On Shimoji Island，there is a boardwalk around Tooriike，two dramatic marine （海洋的）ponds connected to each other and the sea by an underwater cave system.For more information，please click here .（1）What is special about the Compact Sunayama Beach？________A.Its rock is arch-shaped.B.The white sand stretches long.C.The ocean is colored in emerald blue.D.Its location is in a narrow tunnel of tree.（2）Which place is the best for experienced snorkelers？________A.Aragusuku.B.Irabu.C.Waiwai beach.D.Shigira.（3）What can we know about Irabu Bridge？________A.It has two marine ponds.B.It presents a gentle curve.C.It is the longest bridge in Japan.D.It connects Miyako Island and Shimoji.12．（10分）Originally from Binghamton，Senior Jonathan Shapiro，the Business major decided to pursue his degree to further his music career. " The reason I came here was because in my senior year，I had a manager who was the owner of 105.5 The Beat，a radio station here in Rochester，and he invited me to come to this Kevin Gates concert，" Shapiro said. " I worked with him for months，and I never ended up signing [ …] but this school was close to him. "The majority of fellow rappers that Shapiro has encountered in Rochester live different lives than he does —they don't go to college，and they're born-and-bred inner-city Rochester residents.They have，according to Shapiro，" a lot of real-life experiences" that come through in their work，which he admires." I've met kids as young as 15 and people as old as 30 in the studios. "Shapiro himself has been shifting into，in his own words，" a more hyperpop sound" in comparison to his earlier work.He started making his own music in seventh grade after breaking his back，which shattered his dream of becoming a professional soccer player，and never stopped.In the future，Shapiro is planning a joint concert with some other Rochester musicians and rappers in the spring at Water Street Music Hall，as well as releasing further music across the course of the year. " It would be a mix of local artists and some UR artists，like a festival，" Shapiro said. " I want it to be a showcase of multiple artists if I can make that happen. "When asked about advice that he would give to ambitious musicians and rappers here in Rochester，Shapiro had this to say：" Don't get discouraged by results and don't be results-oriented （导向的）.If you want to get out there，do it because you love it and because you want to make good art，and that will always have an impact. "（1）What can we learn about Shapiro in paragraph1？________A.He became a staff of a radio station.B.He went on with his music learning.C.He worked as a manager in a concert.D.He graduated from a business school.（2）What does the underlined word " shattered" mean in paragraph3？________A.Killed.B.Fulfilled.C.Continued.D.Abandoned.（3）Which of the following can best describe Shapiro？________A.Adorable and reliable.B.Positive and talented.C.Cooperative and admirable.D.Courageous and experienced.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？________A.Focusing on Results Always MattersB.Setting Goals can Build a Life-long CareerC.Learning from Failure is the Key to SuccessD.Following Your Heart can Make a Difference13．（10分）The " butterfly effect" may be real，which is used to describe seemingly insignificant events that can haveunplanned consequences.But there might be a more literal " butterfly effect" taking place right before our eyes，scientists suggest.According to new research，insects actually carry electrical charges which can have enormous effects on the atmosphere，potentially influencing even the weather.The findings were published Monday in the journal Science.Before you can understand that，you have to understand how electrical charges in the atmosphere work.The Earth's atmosphere always carries an electrical charge to a lesser or greater degree，which scientists refer to as the Potential Gradient （PG）.Scientists concluded that atmospheric electricity is primarily driven by natural weather events like thunderstorms and shower clouds，though factors like human pollution also affect it.Researchers，therefore，want to know how electrical charges impact clouds.To confirm that honeybees carry electrical charges，researchers placed an electrical field monitor near a swarm of （一群）honeybees near the University of Bristol.They also placed a control monitor in a field where there were no bee swarms.The monitor near the bee swarm picked up an increase in electrical charge whereas the control monitor detected no sucheffect，confirming their assumption.Second，the researchers wanted to calculate the insects' electrical effects on the atmosphere compared to the electrical impacts of natural weather events like clouds and dust storms.They calculated the electrical charge of three different types of insect swarms.Most surprisingly，insects electrical charges can have just as significant an impact on atmospheric electricity as natural weather events.The knowledge that insects impact the atmosphere's electricity has bigger implications for science.PG affects the " movement of aerosols （气溶胶）in the atmosphere，and leads to charging of droplets in some clouds，" according to Hunting.Insect swarms likely won't drive weather events like thunderstorms，but they could impact the movement of these atmospheric aerosols.Further research will dive into this previously unexplored field of scientific research and may go beyond insects，since organisms like birds and microbes also carry electrical charges.（1）What does the underlined word " that" in paragraph 3 refer to？________A.The background of the research.B.The publication of journal Science.C.The work of electrical charges in atmosphere.D.The electrical effects of insects on atmosphere.（2）How did researchers conduct the process of experiments？________A.By using statistics.B.By analyzing causes.C.By introducing concepts.D.By making comparisons.（3）Which has the least electrical effects on the atmosphere's electricity？________A.Human pollution.B.Shower clouds.C.The thunderstorms.D.The insect swarms.（4）What can we learn about the research from the passage？________A.Insect swarms are likely to drive thunderstorms.B.Natural weather events lead to charging of droplets.C.Both PG and insect swarms affect the movement of atmospheric aerosols.D.Researchers have made controlled experiment between insects and organisms.14．（10分）Running has long been considered one of the most efficient，convenient，and beneficial workouts.But some claim you get more out of the classic way of exercising with a new technique —or rather a 180-degree about-face.A study led by Dr.Gardner published in 2016 in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning backs this up.Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy；by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall.Unlike forward running，which generally uses the muscles in the front of the leg，running backwards primarily uses the muscles of the bottom chain，especially the calf （腓）muscles and glutes.Dr.Gardner adds，" Within just a minute or two of running backwards，you'll start to feel the burning in your calves! "Frankie Ruiz，a longtime cross-country running coach and chief running officer explains that aside from moving in reverse，running backwards differs from regular running because it requires an entirely different combination of things to do correctly.Running backwards may be easier on the knees. " In a backwards movement，the set of muscles involved in absorbingthe impact in the lower level are opposite.Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing，thereby placing less stress on the knees.Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning，" says Ruiz.In addition to using different muscles than running forwards，running backwards enhances balance and posture，" as it forces you to stay in a more upright position，" Gardner says.As to claims that running backwards can burn more calories than forward running，Gardner says it's not so black and white.Lots of factors （including heart rate，age，and others）affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity. " Different muscle pattern usage doesn't necessarily burn more calories.It is the intensity （强度）that matters most，" she points out.Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards，however，Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories，but there's not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences.（1）What is the benefit of running backwards？________A.It combines various muscles.B.It can better athletes' performance.C.It frees the front muscles of the leg.D.It gets calf muscles and glutes burned.（2）Why is Ruiz's opinion on running backwards mentioned？________A.To state more of its advantages.B.To share his personal preference.C.To show its promising development.D.To introduce detailed guidance on it.（3）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？________A.Calories consumption is difficult to measure.ing different muscles can burn more calories.C.The amount of calories burning depends on many aspects.D.Running backwards burns more calories than running forwards.（4）Who would benefit most from this passage？________A.Nutritionists pursuing a balanced diet.B.Patients hoping to cure their injured knees.C.Coaches intending to better their training methods.D.Runners seeking to improve their economical situation.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

高考英语时事热点话题阅读热点15 疫苗的研发与疫苗的安全一、阅读理解1A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are “striking” and should encourage research efforts.Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk—such as pregnant women—would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency.Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice —one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.1. If the tests in humans go smoothly, ________.A. a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C. a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D. The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.3. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Zika vaccine works very well in miceB. Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC. International researches into Zika have paid offD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine2Flu vaccines (疫苗) work by arming the immune system with an enhanced ability to recognize and fight off the flu virus.Vaccines introduce proteins found on the surface of fu viruses，causing the immune system to produce antibodies that are ready to react when the virus attack.However, flu viruses change frequently and can differ with time and from region to region.Even though current vaccines that people get annually produce antibody responses, these antibodies don‘t cross-protect. If thereis a new flu strain (流感病毒毒株) not found in that year’s vaccine, the antibodies that we generated last year won’t be able to protect us. So the pandemic(大流行) happens.On the other hand, if the vaccine matches the virus strain, the immune system will produce antibodies and kill the flu virus.Luckily, in a study published in Cell Reports Medicine,scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madisondescribe a T-cell-based vaccine strategy that is effective against multiple strains of flu virus. The experimental vaccine, given through the nose, delivered long-lasting protection in the lungs of mice by using T-cels, which are special white blood cells that quickly remove viral invaders through an immune response.The research suggests a potential strategy for developing a universal flu vaccine, "so y ou don’t have to make a new vaccine every year," explains Marulalsiddappa Suresh, a professor in the School of Veterinary Medicinewho led the research. The current flu vaccine has a serious weakness. Because each vaccine is only designed to resist one kind of virus strain. Once the virus changes, it could lead to a wide outbreak of flu.By using T-cell immunity against multiple strains,it may be possible to develop a vaccine that is effective against a number of circulating flu viruses. In particular,the new approach calls into action tissue-residentmemory T-cells, or TRM cells，which live in the airways and lining of lung epithelial (表膜的) cells and fightinvading viruses. Like highly-trained soldiers，TRM cells serve as front line defense against infection. This undoubtedlygives a totally new way to fight the flu virus.4. Why do flu pandemics break out occasionally even if vaccines are given?A. Because vaccines lose their expected effects.B. Because the flu strains reproduce very quickly.C. Because the strains have resistance to vaccines.D. Because vaccines don't work against new strains.5. What do you know about T-cells from the third paragraph?A. They are in charge of generating viruses.B. They can protect white blood cells very well.C. They kill viral invaders automatically.D. They can generate white blood cells.6. What positive effect does the research strategy have on fighting against flu?A. It will fundamentally stop the formation of new cold viruses.B. It will cut off the ability of the flu virus to spread.C. It points out the direction of developing a universal flu vaccine.D. It enables humans to get rid of the common cold completely.7. What is the best title for the text?A. New Vaccine Strategy to Provide Protection Against FluB. New Immune System Intended for Fighting the FluC. New "Vaccine Based on T-cells Successfully Kills the Flu VirusD. Serious Weakness of the Current Flu Vaccine Found3Early data from Israel suggests Covid-19 infection rates began to decrease among a group of vaccine (疫苗) recipients two weeks after they received the first shot of Pfizer Inc. and BioNTech SE's vaccine, offering important insights to other countries as they roll out their own campaigns.The small country —whose roughly nine million population is about the size of New York City's —has vaccinated nearly a fourth of its population in just under a month,the first country to hit that mark as it fights an upsurge (激增) in new infections. Israel's largest health-care provider, Clalit Health Services, compared test positivity rates among 200,000 people over 60 who received the vaccine with 200,000 that didn't. Until day 14,there was little difference between the two groups. But after that, the data showed a 33% fall in infection rates among those who had already been vaccinated compared with those who hadn't. Clalit noted that the number of people infected was statistically significant, but said it wouldn't release final numbers until its study is published.Pfizer says people must receive both doses of the vaccine for it to be fully effective. In Pfizer's trials, the vaccine was shown to take about 12 days before it started to protect people. The Clalit study suggests that the first dose could reduce infections among those vaccinated as early as two weeks after injection.Israel, like many other countries, has given priority to those over 60 in the first stage of its vaccination drive,making the group the best fit for study. Nearly three out of four people in this age group have received the first dose of the vaccine since Israel's campaign began on Dec.20.Israel has committed to providing Pfizer with real-time data about their vaccine,from effectiveness to side effects,which Israeli officials said helped it obtain early supply from the vaccine maker. Separately,Israel's Health Ministry published data about side effects from the vaccine, saying they were similar in frequency and character to other vaccinations given to its people.8. What does the underlined part "hit that mark" refer to?A. Winning the intense battle against Covid-19.B. Getting most Israelis vaccinated in the shortest time.C. Vaccinating one quarter of Israelis in less than one month.D. Ensuring 25% of Israelis are given both doses of the vaccine.9. What does Clalit think of the number of newly infected people in Israel?A. It has been perfectly satisfactory.B. It should be released to the public.C. It will play a decisive role in further study.D. It is of great importance in terms of statistics.10. Pfizer agrees to put Israel on its priority list on condition that________.A. Israel provides timely feedbackB. Israel vaccinates its seniors firstC. Israel reports side effects regularlyD. Israel publishes its data as instructed11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Pfizer Vaccine Proves SafeB. Old People Get Vaccinated in IsraelC. Data Suggests Vaccine EffectiveD. Israel Succeeds in Fighting Covid-194The vaccine (疫苗) news continues to seem very encouraging. Britain started its mass vaccination effort and the U.S. isn’t far behind.But there is still one dark cloud hanging over the vaccines that many people don’t yet understand.The vaccines will be much less effective at preventing death and illness in 2021 if they are introduced into a population where the coronavirus is still severe—as is now the case in the U.S.A vaccine is like a fire hose (消防龙头). A vaccine that’s 95 percent effective, as Moderna’s and Pfizer’s versions appear to be, is a powerful fire hose. But the size of a fire is still a bigger determinant of how much destruction occurs.At the current level of infection in the U.S. (about 200,000 confirmed new infections per day), a vaccine that is 95 percent effective—distributed at the expected pace—would still leave a terrible toll (伤亡人数) in the six months after it was introduced. Almost 10 million or so Americans would catch the virus, and more than 160,000 would die.This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective but the U.S. had reduced the infection rate to its level in early September (about 35,000 new daily cases). In that case, the death toll in the next six months would be kept to about 60,000.It’s worth pausing for a moment on this comparison. If the U.S. had maintaine d its infection rate from September and Moderna and Pfizer had announced this fall that their vaccines were only 50 percent effective, a lot of people would have panicked.But the reality we have is actually worse.How could this be? No vaccine can get rid of a pandemic immediately, just as .no fire hose can put out a forest fire. While the vaccine is being distributed, the virus continues to do damage.There is one positive way to look at this: Measures that reduce the virus’s spread—like mask-wearing, social distancing and rapid-result testing—can still have great consequences. They can save more than 100,000 lives in coming months.12. How does the author mainly present his argument?A. By giving definitions.B. By categorizing facts.C. By drawing comparisons.D. By appealing to emotions.13. Which does the author think is a better way to save lives?A. Improving the effectiveness of the vaccines.B. Producing a greater variety of vaccines.C. Looking at the situation in a positive way.D. Wearing masks and practicing social distancing.14. What does paragraph 6 tell us?A. The vaccines are less effective than expected.B. The US have controlled the spread of the coronavirus.C. The death toll in the next six months will be about 60,000.D. Fewer people will die if the infection rate is lower.15. What can we infer from the text?A. The vaccine is the hope of wiping out the pandemic.B. The public are optimistic about the effects of the vaccine.C. The public are concerned about the high infection rate.D. The distribution of vaccine will end the pandemic quickly.5A vaccine (疫苗) that protects against one of the main common cold viruses has been shown to be safe and effective in a clinical trial and could be available by 2024.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) spreads so easily that more than 90 percent of people have experienced their first infection (感染) by the age of 2. It usually causes cold-like symptoms but can lead to severe illness in young children and older people. All around the world, about 60,000 children under the age of 5 and 14,000 people over the age of 65 die each year after developing the virus.Developing vaccines against RSV and other respiratory viruses has been difficult because the respiratory tract (呼吸道) is a surface exposed directly to the outside world, says Kirsten Spann at the Queensland University of Technology in Australia.“It’s harder for antiviral antibodies (抗病毒抗体) in the blood to reach viruses in the respiratory tract, or evenknow they are there, because there is some physical separation,” she says.In recent years, however, there has been rapid progress in finding new ways to improve immunity against respiratory viruses.Several RSV vaccines are being tested in clinical trials, including one made by German company Bavarian Nordic. Its vaccine is designed to build immunity against RSV by exposing me body to five small fragments of the virus.In a clinical trial involving 420 adults aged 55 and older, a single injection (注射) of the vaccine in the upper arm increased the levels of RSV-fighting antibodies inside the nose by three times and caused no serious side effects.This immune response lasted for six months ---- enough to cover a winter cold season ---- and was restored with a booster shot at 12 months.The results are promising, but more research is needed to see if the immune response is strong enough to prevent RSV infections, says Spann.Bavarian Nordic is now planning a bigger clinical trial of its RSV vaccine that is scheduled to begin in 2021 and will involve more than 12,000 adults. If the results are positive, the company hopes to make the vaccine available by 2024. The firm plans to offer the vaccine to children too, but not until it has passed clinical trials involving people in this age range16. What do we know about RSV?A. It is the deadliest cold virus.B. It is a newly discovered virus.C. It takes thousands of lives every year.D. It mainly puts older adults’ lives at risk-17. Which word can best describe the development of RSV vaccines?A. Creative.B. Dangerous.C. Interesting.D. Challenging.18. What was one feature of the RSV vaccine developed by Bavarian Nordic?A. It had no human subjects.B. It had no serious side effects.C. The immune response lasted for 12 months.D. The immune response could prevent RSV infections.19. What does Bavarian Nordic plan to do in 2021?A. Continue its clinical trial.B. Offer its RSV vaccines to children.C. Put its RSV vaccines on the market.D. Follow the 420 adults in its early clinical trial.6A history of vaccinationEBOLA, a deadly virus, has become one of the world’s biggest problems this summer. Since last December, it has killed over 1,200 people, most of them in West Africa.Scientists all over the world are acting to stop the “monster”. They are developing medicines, but more importantly, they are experimenting with vaccines to prevent people from getting infected in the first place.That change happened largely because of the British doctor and scientist Edward Jenner, the pioneer of smallpox vaccination. Vaccination has always been a powerful shield against diseases. The names of those diseases used to be frightening household names, but now they are all but forgotten.Jenner was born in England in 1749. In his time, smallpox was one of the greatest killers of the period, especially among children. But Jenner noticed that milkmaids seldom caught smallpox.What was the secret? Jenner had a brave guess: Cows sometimes caught “cowpox”, a disease similar to smallpox but much less dangerous. The p us from the cow’s body got onto the milkmaids’ hands and protected them from smallpox.In 1796 Jenner carried out an experiment on an 8-year-old boy, the son of his gardener. He first made some scratches on the boy’s arm, and then rubbed the pus into them. Later, when the boy was exposed to the smallpox virus, he wasn’t infected.Jenner’s theory was proven: a less dangerous virus makes your body learn to destroy it. Your body can then more easily destroy any similar viruses that it later meets.However, man y people couldn’t accept his idea at the time. To them, it was disgusting to put material from a diseased animal into someone’s body.An opponent drew a cartoon in 1802 in which people who were vaccinated began to gro w cow’s heads.But the obvious effects of vaccination won out, and vaccination soon became widespread.The terms “vaccine” and “vaccination” came from variolae vaccinae, which Jenner used to call “cowpox”. To honor Jenner, people are now using the terms for inoculation against any disease.So, when will Jenner’s legacy save people from Ebola?It won’t take long, according to the World Health Organization. It is expecting to consider the emergency use of Ebola vaccines by the end of 2014.20. What does the article mainly talk about?A. How vaccinations protect us from dangerous diseases.B. The common efforts of scientists to find a cure for Ebola.C. How the first vaccine and vaccinations came about.D. Edward Jenner’s fight against smallpox.21. From the text we can conclude that Jenner ______.A. cured people after they had smallpoxB. interviewed many milkmaids before he tested his theoryC. found that the smallpox vaccine worked better on children than adultsD. came up with a theory based on observation and his knowledge of diseases22. What could be inferred from the article?A. Jenner’s smallpox vaccine could be used to fight against Ebola.B. Smallpox vaccination was not widely accepted by the public at first.C. The way vaccines work has changed a lot over the years.D. It will only take months before Ebola vaccines are widely used.7Beijing will provide COVID-19 vaccinations(接种疫苗）for certain groups in nursing homes, including the elderly and caregivers, on a voluntary basis to prevent a renewed outbreak at nursing homes during autumn and winter, the local government said.Those who will receive the vaccines include nursing home kitchen workers, security guards and cleaners. Beijing Daily reported on Friday.Xing Yinli ,director of Jingkangyuan, a nursing home in Fengtai district with about 290 elderly residents(居民），said they have received the document(文件）recently and will strictly follow its guidance.It’s our top duty to strengthen prevention and control.,"Xing said,adding they have bee n using methods such askeeping detailed records of resident contacts outside the nursing home,and encouraging online visits for family members..As to vaccinations, she said they will ask for permission from residents,their family members and workers before giving vaccines.In late October,Shaoxing,Zhejiang province carried out an emergencyCOVTD-19 vaccine program,allowing the public to ask for injections(注射）in advance,with key groups first. A similar program was also organized in Jiaxing,Ningbo and Yiwu in Zhejiang.Nationwide,emergency use of home grown COVID-19 vaccines was approved in June and launched in late July. China now has four coronavirus candidate vaccines in the third stage clinical trials(临床试验）.The document from Beijing also said nursing homes should conduct nucleic acid testing(核酸检测）every month among kitchen workers and residents who leave the nursing homes to see a doctor. Tests will cover all people in nursing homes considered at high risk if new infections are reported in the city. Besides, routine disinfections (消毒）should be strengthened in kitchens, storerooms and restrooms, it said. The document also recommended noncontact visits from family members.23. Where can you probably find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a fashion magazine.C. In a book review.D. In a travel journal.24. What can we learn from Paragraphs 4 and 5?A. The nursing home kept detailed records of residents,B. All the members will make preparations for injections.C. The nursing home takes prevention and control seriously.D. Jiaxing is the first city to have carried out an emergency program.25. How can we understand the underlined sentence in paragraph 7?A. China is providing vaccinations nationwide.B. China has made great progress in coronavirus vaccines.C. Chain has taken the lead in coronavirus vaccines worldwide.D. The four candidate vaccines have finished clinical trails26. What's the main idea of this passage?A. Nursing homes should conduct nucleic acid testing.B. Beijing nursing homes are to be provided vaccines.C. Certain groups will have vaccines first in late June.D. Routine disinfections should be strengthened in kitchens.27. What's the Xing Yinli's attitude towards vaccinations?A. Supportive.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Dissatisfied8Louis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist.He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine（狂犬病疫苗）. The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva entering an existing wound. After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body. By studying the tissues of infected animals--rabbits, Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus. This could be used for inoculation（接种）.On July 6, 1885, Pasteur tested his pie vaccine on a man for the first time. He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method. The treatment lasted 10 days and at the end he recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment.On March 1886，Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases, the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching. Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died. The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centres in the world.Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways. He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28, 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame.Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.28. A person can develop rabies .A. if he is bitten by a rabbitB. if he touches infected salivaC. if infected saliva enters his woundD. if he touches an infected animal29. Rabies probably can destroy a person’s .A. nervous systemB. bloodC. skinD. saliva30. What can we learn about Pasteur's test of his vaccine on the man？A. The man was sent to a clinic ten days later.B. It didn’t save the man's life.C. It proved to be a great success.D. The man was his second patient.31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Pasteur’s rabies vaccine is out of dateB. A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients.C. Injections of vaccine still take much time.D. Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine.9Get your vaccine shotThe COVID-19 virus is still spreading around the world. It hangs over all of us. But some good news about vaccines ( 疫苗) for COVID-19 is bringing us closer to ending this terrible pandemic.On Dec 8, the UK rolled out (推出) a vaccine made by Pfizer and BioNTech. The US started its own COVID-19 vaccine rollout nationwide on Dec 14, Xinhua reported.China will start vaccinating high-risk groups over the winter, Zeng Yixin, deputy head of the National Health Commission (NHC, 国家卫生健康委员会), said at a press conference on Dec 19.This means that those who work in the cold-chain industry, healthcare, customs ( 海关), seafood markets and public transportation are among those who will receive the vaccine first. Their work puts them at higher risk of being infected (感染).This is the first step in China’s COVID-19 vaccination plan, Zeng said. As more vaccines are approved (批准) and produced, elderly people, people with underlying conditions (基础疾病) and the general public will receive vaccines in an orderly manner.China’s COVID-19 vaccines can offer effective protection for at least six months, Zeng pointed out.Vaccination experiments have shown that the vaccines are safe and effective.As for those who are not among the first to receive vaccines, officials at the NHC said there’s no need to worry. “Wearing masks in public places, practicing social distance and washing han ds are protective measures that have been proven to be very effective,” said Cui Gang, a senior NHC official.32. When did US vaccinations start?A. On Dec 8.B. On Dec 14.C. On Dec 19.D. On Dec 22.33. Who will be among the first to be vaccinated in China?A. Healthcare workers.B. Patients in hospitals.C. Elderly people.D. People with underlying conditions.34. What is the story mainly about?A. The production of COVID-19 vaccines.B. Risks of receiving COVID-19 vaccines.C. The rollout of COVID-19 vaccines.D. The trials of COVID-19 vaccines.10A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID-19 in March. The 68-year-old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus-positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID-19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID-19 case than he had previously.This unusual coronavirus immunity test can easily be filed under the “only in Russia” se ction of COVID-19 news. Only in Russia was a coronavirus vaccine approved for mass use before any scientific research was shared with the world and before the drug cleared the Phase 3 trial. The story gets even crazier, considering the doctor’s age. At 68-years-old, Alexander Chepurnov happens to be the kind of COVID-19 patient most at risk of developing a severe case.Even so, Chepurnov’s controversial experiment isn’t without worth. It’s certainly the kind of experiment that others wouldn’t necessarily ap prove of, especi ally in western countries. But it’s the kind of experiment that can yield results — and Chepurnov did get his wish. He was reinfected with COVID- 19 within six months from the first bout. Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. “The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease,” he told the paper. “By the end of the thirdmonth from the start of the disease, they ceased to be determined.” This falls in line with ot her studies about COVID-19 antibody life.Chepurnov’s story also seems to fall in line with other studies that say immunity can last for at least 5-7 months. The story also proves that immunity lasts even after the antibodies are gone and suggests that other immune system components are indeed involved in providing prolonged protection. Others theorized that T cells would extend immunity beyond the life of the first batch of antibodies. Chepurnov’s empirical findings are also important for vaccine research. If immunity lasts less than a year, more booster shots (加强针剂) might be needed after the initial doses.But Newsweek points out a problem with the experiment. Because his first case of COVID-19 hasn’t been diagnosed via a PCR test. Also, Chepurnov’s experiment hasn’t been published in a scientific journal, and it’s unclear what scientific rigors were applied. Still, if his findings are accurate, Chepurnov is actually right to warn against using a herd immunity approach to beat the pandemic.35. Why is Chepurnovs experiment considered controversial?A. Its not effective.B. Its too dangerous.C. Its disapproved of by Russia.D. Its not diagnosed via a PCR test.36. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. diseasesB. virusesC. antibodiesD. results37. What is the finding of Chepurnovs experiment?A. COVID-19 immunity lasts permanently in ones body.B. The longevity of COVID-19 antibodies is about 3 months.C. Old patients are most at risk of developing a severe COVID-19.D. Vaccination can protect one from being infected with coronaviruses.38. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Siberia is a unique place for treating COVID-19 patients.B. Newsweek found the evidence against herd immunity to COVID-19.C. Researches showed humans produce antibodies if infected with coronaviruses.D. A controversial experiment on coronavirus immunity was conducted in Russia.二、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Module 5单元检测题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷( 选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷( 非选择题) 两部分，共150 分。

考试时间120 分钟。

第Ⅰ卷( 选择题)第一部分：听力( 共两节，满分30 分 )第一节 ( 共 5 小题；每题 1.5分，满分7.5分)听下边 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1． What does the man mean?A. He hurts his hand.B. He's carrying too many televisions.C. He's very busy.2． What does the man mean?A. China's agriculture is more developed than that of America.B. Americans were the pioneers of farming.C. Chinese developed farming science first.3． What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman's grades in science are very good.B. The woman doesn't want to take any more science courses.C. She hasn't taken enough courses in science.4． What is the woman's suggestion?A. To increase their products.B. To advertise their products.C. To increase the sale of their products.5． How is the weather at the weekend?A. Bright and cold.B. Wet and cold.C. Wet and cool.第二节(共15 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分 )听下边 5 段对话或独白。

2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试卷与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Part A: Cloze TestRead the following passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below. There are twenty blanks in the passage. Each blank has four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.The rise of the Internet has 1 a significant impact on the way people 2 information. With just a few clicks, one can access a vast array of resources and 3 from around the world. However, this 4 in information access has also brought about challenges. Here is a story that illustrates the complexities of our digital age.In a small town, a young girl named Lily was 5 her studies. She was particularly 6 in learning about the world beyond her village. One day, while browsing the Internet, she stumbled upon an article about climate change. The article 7 her curiosity and she began to research further.Lily found a website that offered a variety of 8 on environmental issues. She spent hours reading about the effects of global warming and the importanceof sustainable practices. As she learned more, she felt 9 to make a difference in her community.10, Lily organized a local clean-up drive. She 11 her friends and neighbors to join her, and together they collected trash and cleaned up the local park. The event received 12 from the community, and it inspired others to take action.Despite the positive outcome, Lily realized that there was still much work to be done. She 13 to join a local environmental group to 14 her knowledge and skills. The group organized workshops and community outreach programs to educate people about environmental issues.As Lily continued her journey, she 15 that technology could be a double-edged sword. While it provided access to information, it also 16 distractions and could lead to 17 attention spans. She learned to balance her use of the Internet with other activities and discovered that 18 the right balance was crucial.One day, while 19 the news, Lily read about a global initiative to reduce plastic waste. She 20 the opportunity to participate and reached out to her environmental group. Together, they organized a campaign to promote the use of reusable bags and educate people about the impact of single-use plastics.1.A. A. resulted inB. B. contributed toC. C. led toD. D. caused2.A. gatherB. B. acquireC. C. searchD. D. seek3.A. experiencesB. B. perspectivesC. C. knowledgeD. D. insights4.A. increaseB. B. expansionC. C. surgeD. D. boost5.A. dedicated herself toB. B. immersed herself inC. C. focused onD. D. involved herself in6.A. enthusiastic aboutB. B. fascinated byC. C. interested inD. D. excited about7.A. sparkedB. B. ignitedC. C. arousedD. D. stimulated8.A. articlesB. B. resourcesC. C. materialsD. D. publications9.A. motivatedB. B. determinedC. C. inspiredD. D. encouraged10.A. SubsequentlyB. B. ConsequentlyC. C. EventuallyD. D. Immediately11.A. invitedB. B. encouragedC. C. persuadeD. D. asked12.A. supportB. B. recognitionC. C. enthusiasmD. D. appreciation13.A. decidedB. B. volunteeredC. C. attemptedD. D. agreed14.A. enhanceB. B. expandC. C. improveD. D. develop15.A. recognizedB. B. realizedC. C. acknowledgedD. D. admitted16.A. offeredB. B. providedC. C. causedD. D. resulted in17.A. shorterB. B. briefC. C. conciseD. D. limited18.A. findingB. B. maintainingC. C. achievingD. D. striking19.A. watchingB. B. listening toC. C. readingD. D. scanning20.A. seizedB. B. grabbedC. C. tookD. D. embracedAnswers:1.A. resulted in2.B. acquire3.C. knowledge4.C. surge5.A. dedicated herself to6.B. fascinated by7.A. sparked8.B. resources9.C. inspired10.C. Eventually11.A. invited12.B. recognition13.B. volunteered14.A. enhance15.B. realized16.C. caused17.A. shorter18.D. striking19.C. reading20.D. embraced二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:The Role of Technology in EducationEducation has always been a fundamental factor for societal development. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, it’s becoming increasingly clear that traditional methods of teaching are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of today’s digital natives. The integration of technology into education is not just about equipping students with computer skills; it’s also about transforming the way we teach and learn.One of the most significant benefits of technology in education is its ability to personalize learning experiences. Adaptive learning software cantailor educational content to the specific needs of each student, ensuring that every learner gets the support they require. Furthermore, online platforms provide access to a wealth of information and resources that would otherwise be unavailable to many students, particularly those in remote or underprivileged areas.However, critics argue that an over-reliance on technology might lead to a loss of essential human interaction and the development of social skills. There is also concern about the potential for increased screen time to have negative effects on children’s health and well-being. Despite these concerns, proponents of educational technology believe that if used correctly, it can enhance rather than detract from the educational experience.As technology continues to evolve, so must our approach to education. It is clear that there is a need for a balanced integration of traditional teaching methods with modern technological tools. Only by embracing this hybrid model can we ensure that future generations are adequately prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.Questions:1、What is the main argument presented in the passage regarding technology in education?A)Technology should replace traditional teaching methods.B)Technology should complement traditional teaching methods.C)Technology is detrimental to the educational process.D)Technology has no place in the classroom.Answer: B) Technology should complement traditional teaching methods.2、According to the passage, what is one of the advantages of using technology in education?A)It increases the amount of homework students receive.B)It personalizes learning experiences for individual students.C)It makes traditional teaching methods obsolete.D)It decreases the need for teachers in the classroom.Answer: B) It personalizes learning experiences for individual students.3、What concern does the passage mention regarding the use of technology in education?A)It may cause a decrease in the use of textbooks.B)It might result in a lack of social interaction among students.C)It could lead to an increase in physical activity among students.D)It ensures that all students have equal access to information.Answer: B) It might result in a lack of social interaction among students.4、How does the passage suggest that technology affects access to information?A)It limits access to information only to those who can afford it.B)It provides broader access to information for students in remote areas.C)It restricts the types of information available to students.D)It has no impact on how students access information.Answer: B) It provides broader access to information for students in remote areas.5、What does the passage imply about preparing future generations?A)They should rely solely on technology for learning.B)They should reject modern educational tools in favor of traditional ones.C)They should be taught using a combination of traditional and modern methods.D)They should focus exclusively on developing social skills without technology.Answer: C) They should be taught using a combination of traditional and modern methods.第二题Reading PassageIn the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in the way people lived and worked. This period of rapid industrialization led to the development of factories, the mass production of goods, and a shift from an agrarian society to an urban one. The following article discusses the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society and the environment.The Impact of the Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, was a period of profound economic and social change in Europe and North America. It was marked by the transition from hand production methods to machines, and by the introduction of new chemical, iron, steel, and coal industries. This transition had a profound impact on the lives of people, and it brought about both positive and negative consequences.One of the most significant impacts of the Industrial Revolution was the urbanization of society. As factories were built in cities, people moved fromrural areas to urban centers in search of work. This led to the growth of cities and the creation of slums, where many workers lived in poor conditions. The overcrowded and unsanitary conditions in these areas contributed to the spread of diseases such as cholera and tuberculosis.Another consequence of the Industrial Revolution was the degradation of the environment. The burning of coal and the release of pollutants into the air and water led to air and water pollution, which had serious health implications for people and animals. The deforestation and soil erosion that resulted from the expansion of industrial activities also had a detrimental effect on the natural landscape.Despite these negative impacts, the Industrial Revolution also brought about many positive changes. The mass production of goods led to a significant increase in the standard of living for many people. The development of new technologies, such as the steam engine and the telegraph, improved communication and transportation, making the world a smaller place. Additionally, the Industrial Revolution led to the rise of the middle class, which had a profound impact on social and political structures.Questions:1、What was one of the most significant impacts of the Industrial Revolution on society?A. The decline of agricultureB. The urbanization of societyC. The decrease in populationD. The increase in unemployment2、Why did people move to urban centers during the Industrial Revolution?A. To pursue higher educationB. To enjoy the culture of the citiesC. To seek better job opportunitiesD. To avoid the diseases prevalent in rural areas3、What was a negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution on the environment?A. The increase in agricultural productivityB. The improvement of air qualityC. The reduction of deforestationD. The decline in water pollution4、How did the Industrial Revolution affect the standard of living for many people?A. It led to a decrease in living standardsB. It resulted in a significant increase in living standardsC. It had no significant impact on living standardsD. It caused a mixed impact on living standards5、What was one of the social and political impacts of the Industrial Revolution?A. The strengthening of the monarchyB. The rise of the middle classC. The fall of the aristocracyD. The abolition of slaveryAnswers:1、B2、C3、D4、B5、B第三题Once upon a time, in a small village nestled between rolling hills, there lived an old man named Mr. Brown. Mr. Brown was a kind-hearted and wise man, known throughout the village for his stories and his ability to solve problems with a unique perspective. The villagers would often gather at his house after the day’s work to listen to his tales, which were always filled with lessons and moral values.One evening, a young man named Tom approached Mr. Brown. Tom had heard about Mr. Brown’s wisdom and sought his advic e on a difficult situation. Tom was facing a choice between a lucrative job offer in a big city and staying close to his family and friends in the village.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The beauty of the villageB. The wisdom of Mr. BrownC. The challenges of modern lifeD. The importance of family2、Why did Tom go to see Mr. Brown?A. To ask for help with his studiesB. To discuss the village’s problemsC. To seek advice on a difficult decisionD. To compete with Mr. Brown in a storytelling contest3、What was the young man’s main dilemma?A. Whether to move to the city or stay in the villageB. How to become a successful businessmanC. What to do with his old houseD. How to improve the village’s economy4、What is the purpose of Mr. Brown’s stories in the passage?A. To entertain the villagersB. To teach moral values and lessonsC. To promote tourism in the villageD. To showcase his own wisdom5、According to the passage, what does Mr. Brown represent to the villagers?A. A source of entertainmentB. A mentor and counselorC. A competitor in storytellingD. A symbol of wealth and powerAnswers:1、B2、C3、A4、B5、B第四题Passage:In recent years, the rise of e-books has sparked a debate about the future of traditional books. While many argue that e-books will eventually replace printed books, others believe that the traditional book format will continue to thrive. This article explores the arguments on both sides and examines the potential impact of e-books on the publishing industry.1.The article mentions that the debate over e-books versus traditional books is a topic of great concern. What is the main reason for this debate?A. The declining sales of printed booksB. The increasing popularity of e-readersC. The potential impact on the publishing industryD. The environmental concerns of paper usage2.The passage states that some people believe e-books will eventually replace printed books. What is the primary reason for this belief?A. The convenience of e-booksB. The lower cost of e-booksC. The environmental benefits of e-booksD. The potential for interactive content in e-books3.According to the article, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential disadvantage of e-books?A. The lack of tactile experienceB. The potential for screen fatigueC. The ease of copying and distributing contentD. The limited availability of e-books in some regions4.The article discusses the role of traditional books in the education system. What does the author suggest about the importance of physical books in education?A. They are becoming less importantB. They are essential for learningC. They are being replaced by digital resourcesD. They are being ignored by modern students5.The author concludes the article by discussing the future of the publishing industry. What does the author imply about the industry’s ability to adapt to the rise of e-books?A. The industry will struggle to adaptB. The industry will thrive regardless of e-booksC. The industry will adapt and evolveD. The industry will disappear due to e-booksAnswers:1.C2.A3.C4.B5.C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Passage:The rise of e-commerce has transformed the way we shop and conduct business. Online shopping has become increasingly popular due to its convenience, variety, and competitive prices. As a result, traditional brick-and-mortar stores are facing stiff competition and are forced to adapt to the digital world. This essay explores the impact of e-commerce on the retail industry and discusses the challenges and opportunities it presents.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of online shoppingB) The decline of traditional storesC) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industryD) The challenges faced by brick-and-mortar stores2.According to the passage, why is online shopping becoming more popular?A) It is more expensive than shopping in physical stores.B) It is only available during specific hours.C) It offers a wider variety of products.D) It requires customers to physically visit a store.3.What is the main challenge that traditional stores are facing?A) The lack of competitive prices.B) The limited selection of products.C) The stiff competition from e-commerce.D) The difficulty in adapting to digital technology.4.The passage suggests that traditional stores need to do what in order to survive?A) Offer the lowest prices.B) Close their physical locations.C) Embrace e-commerce and digital technology.D) Focus solely on online sales.5.How does the passage conclude the impact of e-commerce on the retail industry?A) E-commerce will eventually replace all traditional stores.B) Traditional stores will need to adapt to e-commerce or risk extinction.C) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industry is negligible.D) E-commerce will only benefit large corporations and not small businesses.Answers:1.C) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industry2.C) It offers a wider variety of products.3.C) The stiff competition from e-commerce.4.C) Embrace e-commerce and digital technology.5.B) Traditional stores will need to adapt to e-commerce or risk extinction.四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following paragraph into English.中文段落：研究生考试是许多中国学生梦寐以求的机会，它不仅为他们提供了一个深造和提升自身能力的机会，而且也是实现个人职业目标的重要途径。