国际经济学第九版英文课后答案 第9单元
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*CHAPTER 9
(Core Chapter)
NONTARIFF TRADE BARRIERS AND THE NEW PROTECTIONISM OUTLINE
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Import Quotas
9.2a Effects of an Import Quota
Case Study 9-1: The Economic Effects of the U.S. Quota on Sugar Imports
9.2b Comparison of an Import Quota to an Import Tariff
9.3 Other Nontariff Barriers and the New Protectionism
9.3a Voluntary Export Restraints
Case Study 9-2: Voluntary Export Restraints on Japanese Autos to the United States
9.3b Technical, Administrative, and Other Regulations
9.3c International Cartels
9.3d Dumping
Case Study 9-3: Antidumping Measures in Force in 2004
9.3e Export Subsidies
Case Study 9-4: Agricultural Subsidies in Developed Nations
Case Study 9-5: Countervailing Measures in Force in 2004
Case Study 9-6: The Pervasiveness of Nontariff Barriers
9.4 The Political Economy of Protectionism
9.4a Fallacious and Questionable Arguments for Protection
9.4b Infant-Industry and Other Qualified Arguments for Protection
9.4c Who Gets Protected?
Case Study 9-7: Welfare Effects on the U.S. Economy of Removing All Import
Restraints
Case Study 9-8: Effects on the World Economy of Removing All Import
Restraints
9.5 Strategic Trade and Industrial Policies
9.5a Strategic Trade Policy
9.5b Strategic Trade and Industrial Policies with Game Theory
9.5c The U.S. Response to Foreign Industrial Targeting and Strategic Trade
Policy
9.6 History of U.S. Commercial Policy
9.6a The Trade Agreements Act of 1934
9.6b The General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
9.6c The 1962 Trade Agreements Act and the Kennedy Round
9.6d The Trade Reform Act of 1974 and the Tokyo Round
9.6e The 1984 and 1988 Trade Acts
9.7 The Uruguay Round and Outstanding Trade Problems
9.7a The Uruguay Round
Case Study 9-9: Gains from the Uruguay Round
Case Study 9-10: The Multilateral Rounds of Trade Negotiations
9.7b Outstanding Trade Problems
Case Study 9-11: Benefits from a “Likely” Doha Scenario
Appendix: A9.1 Centralized Cartels
A9.2 International Price Discrimination
A9.3 Tariffs, Subsidies and Domestic Goals
Key Terms
Quota Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930 Nontariff trade barrier (NTBs) Trade Agreements Act of 1934
New protectionism Most-favored-nation principle
Voluntary export restraints (VERs) Bilateral Trade
Technical, administrative, and General Agreement on Tariff and
other regulations Trade (GATT)
International cartel Multilateral Trade Negotiations
Dumping International Trade Organization (ITO) Persistent dumping Peril-point provisions
Predatory dumping Escape clause
Sporadic dumping National security clause
Trigger-price mechanism Trade Expansion Act of 1962
Export subsidies Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) Export-Import bank Kennedy Round
Foreign Sales Corporations Trade Reform Act of 1974 Countervailing duties (CVDs) Tokyo Round
Scientific tariff Trade and Tariff Act of 1984
Infant-industry argument Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988
Strategic trade policy Uruguay Round
Industrial Policy World Trade Organization (WTO)
Game theory Globalization
Anti-Globalization Movement
Lecture Guide:
1.This is an important core chapter examining some of the most recent
developments in international trade policy.