中考英语阅读理解专项训练
【知识点睛】
一、中考阅读理解命题特点
题型上来看：着重考察学生对整篇文章的把握，侧重考查学生根据语境进行语篇分析和综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力
体裁上来看：涉及记叙文、夹叙夹议文、议论文、说明文和应用文；题材内容涉及英语国家文化的多个领域，并逐步增加广告、海报、图画、表格等实用文体阅读量上看：逐年增加
难度上来看：增加了难度，超过了大纲规定的3%的生词率
二、中考阅读课标要求
义务教育英语课程标准指出：阅读是搜集处理信息、认识世界、发展思维、获得审美体验的重要途径。因此，阅读理解在中考中所占的比例、分值越来越大，主要考查考生通过文字获取信息的能力，阅读速度要求达到每分钟60—80词。选材范围越来越广，除故事、人物轶事外，科普性文章和社会热点话题也多了起来；体裁也趋于多样化，有记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文等，有时还考查考生理解及解释图表所提供的简单信息的能力；阅读材料丰富多彩，融知识性、趣味性、科学性于一体，既对学生阅读理解能力起着评价作用，又能增长知识、开阔视野。
国家英语课程要求从3年级起开设英语课程，课程标准中的第五级为9年级，也就是初中毕业参加中考时应达到的基本要求。其中对学生“读”的能力做了如下要求：
1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2. 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
3. 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局。
4. 能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物。
5. 能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。
6. 能利用词典等工具书进行阅读。
7. 课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。
三、解题步骤
第一步：读题，把握出题动向
第二步：带着问题速读文章，简单标记题目______________
第三步：________文中信息，对相关信息进行划线标注
第四步：检查核对
四、阅读题型和做题方法
1、细节理解题
做题方法：利用题目的______________，寻找文中______________，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座。它一般是由特殊疑问词what, when, where, how, why, who, which等提问出现，可以直接找到答案。（答案往往不是文中原句）
2、猜测词义题
做题方法：根据前后的_________________关系，对它的定义(描述)、重述以及举例等进行猜测或者利用同位语、同义词及构词法等进行猜测。所考查的不仅是词汇或句子本身，也会涉及构词、语篇、逻辑关系等。常见的考查形式为：The underlined word “×××” in the first paragraph probably means _________.
The word “×××” refers to _________.
3、主旨大意题
做题方法：从文章的首、尾句(段)寻找主题句或纵观全文归纳总结出文章的__________________。要求考生对多处信息进行归纳、综合、比较、分析。题干通常为：
What is the best title for the passage?
What can we learn from the passage?
What does the text mainly talk about?
The text is mainly about _________.
4、推理判断题
做题方法：根据文中某些_____、_________或_________进行推理或根据句子的语气、文章论调和倾向进行推断。材料并没有明确地给出答案，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，进行推理和判断。题目常为：
We can infer the text that _________.
What do you think of _________?
五、阅读理解注意事项
1、细节题要小心同义不同句
2、读此篇文章，理解此作者意图，真理不一定是正确答案
3、选题目就如给人选帽子，太大范围太宽，太小以偏概全
【精讲精练】
阅读理解专项训练（一）
Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, wrote My Feelings are Just Like Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells teens how to stay cool when bad things happen to them.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It can not make them better.
“Getting angry is not a natural way to act”, the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking.
The book says you can control your anger easily, and all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry.
When a baby falls over, it cries only when people are watching it. Like a baby, you can only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do.
The book gives many suggestions to help you if you get angry easily. Here are the top three.
①Keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later
and you will see you get angry too easily.
②Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be
angry.
③Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go
somewhere else. Try to laugh!
( )1.My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals is a _________.
A. story
B. book
C. picture
D. film
( )2.My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals mainly tells us _________.
A. what to read
B. how to read
C. how to stay cool
D. how to learn English Well
( )3.How many suggestions are given in the book?
A. three
B. four
C. six
D. We don’t know.
( )4.In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “it” refers to _________.
A the book B. anger C. habit D. the baby
( )5.The writer wants to tell us _________.
A. not to get angry easily
B. to work hard at school
C. to do more exercises
D. to help each other
