（英语）英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
They say that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Well, there is one lady who believes that it's actually chocolate. At 102 years of age, she's living proof.
According to Boonville, Indiana's Eunice Modlin, a daily dose of chocolate has been the key to a long and healthy life. Specifically, two pieces of dark chocolate. It's not just Eunice who believes this.
Many scientists have attributed the sweet to health benefits such as lower chances of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
However, researchers believe that Eunice might be overlooking the fact that she has never smoked or drunk alcohol in her long life, and that chocolate might not be the significant cause of her longevity.
"There are so many other factors to her long life and chocolate isn't the only one," nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. "Genes, her diet in general…are probably the main reasons."
At any rate, Eunice is still alive and kicking. With four children, seven grandkids, 14 great-grandkids and 11 great-great grandkids, this lady has a big family.
It must be noted that Eunice was also very athletic, being an archer in her 20s .Amazingly, she has lived through tough times such as the Great Depression and World War II .Also, the healthy blood runs through the veins of other family members. Eunice's brother is also still alive, at 101 years of age.
No matter what you might think, Eunice's consumption of chocolate can't be ignored. In 2015, a BMJ study showed that a daily treat of one small bar would give the consumer 23% less chance of having a stroke (中风).
What is in the sweet that makes it so beneficial? Apparently, cocoa beans have flavonoids, plant nutrients that have useful antioxidants (抗氧化剂).
"Not all chocolate is created equal," Rissetto warns. "Dark chocolate has more flavonoids than milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not actually contain chocolate—is not a good source of flavonoids."
（1）According to the article, which of the following lead to Eunice Modlin's long and healthy life?
a. two pieces of dark chocolate
b. genes
c. lifelong exercise
d. good diet
e. love of her large family
A. a, b, d
B. b, c, d
C. a, b, e
D. a, c, d
（2）Rissetto thinks that .
A. chocolate is the most important thing that affects Eunice's health
B. no smoking or drinking contributes the most to Eunice's longevity
C. chocolate really has nothing to do with her long and healthy life
D. Eunice's good diet
doesn't only mean taking chocolate every day
（3）What the author presented in the passage sounds .
A. persuasive
B. objective
C. subjective
D. critical
（4）From the whole passage we can conclude that______________.
A. there's universal proof for what contributes to a long life
B. it is generally accepted that chocolate is the key to longevity
C. many factors may contribute to people's good health
D. a bit of any chocolate a day keeps the doctor away
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产生影响的原因。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第五段“‘There are so many o ther factors to her long life and chocolate isn't the only one,’ nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes, her diet in general…are probably the main reasons.’”可知研究人员认为Eunice Modlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“ ‘Not all chocolate is created equal,’ Rissetto warns. ‘Dark chocolate has more flavonoids than milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not actually contain chocolate—is not a good source of flavonoids.’”可知Rissetto认为只有黑巧克力才黄酮，而黄酮是抗氧化剂的很好的来源。Eunice的饮食不仅仅意味着吃巧克力，而要吃黑巧克力。故选D。
（3）考查态度观点。本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康的影响。文章中作者只是客观陈述事实，并没有发表个人观点，所以作者持客观的态度。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段“‘There are so many other factors to her long life and chocolate isn't the only one,’ nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. ‘Genes, her diet in general…are probably the main reasons.’”可知研究人员认为Eunice Modlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。同样人们的健康是受到不同因素的影响的，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line.
All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.
Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignore d.
If someone asked me, "What is the most important rule to follow in America?" I would reply without hesitation. "Wait your turn at all times." Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it's just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, "wait your turn" is more than just a guideline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.
（1）What happened to the author at the store?
A.He was ill-treated by a customer.
B.He wasn't served upon his order.
C.He was asked to be served later.
D.He was asked to do others a favor.
（2）What does the underlined word "this" in the last paragraph refer to?
A.His belief.
B.His culture.
C.His experience.
D.His rule.
（3）Why did the author write the text?
A.To emphasize his kindness to others.
B.To introduce some western cultures to us.
C.To express his belief and his feeling.
D.To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久，受到不公平待遇的经历，借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序，同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛).”可知，我准备好了接受服务，但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的女士提供了服务，因此轮到作者的次序时，作者并没有得到服务。故选B。
（2）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的“But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store.”可知，在某些情况下，是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的
队，就像作者的情况一样，因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。再根据最后一段中的“Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.”可知，作者认为这种经历并不经常发生，但仍使作者感到比较失望，表达了作者的想法和感受。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup trophy(奖杯)with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, China won the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup.
This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight." Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more balanced." Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means.
When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like "Iron Hammer" Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China's rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker(主攻手) Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same.
Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China's Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China's opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.
（1）What does the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball mean according to paragraph 2?
A.Being a special team.
B.Sticking to the end.
C.Winning every game.
D.Training hard every day.
（2）Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon?
A.She wins many awards in the World Cup.
B.She keeps strong desire and determination.
C.She takes lots of training after the tiring flight.
D.She does almost everything to help the team forward.
（3）What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A.Hard work is vital in volleyball matches.
B.The coach has a great influence on players.
C.The staff behind the on-court team is also essential.
D.Understanding opponents is necessary to win the game.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第而段中的“Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means”可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon”可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff”和最后一段中的“There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.”可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).
They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars.
In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly.
According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings. Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self- i nterest,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts（本能）and values in different ways.
（1）By saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author wants to .
A. link wealth with bad behavior
B. draw readers' attention to the research
C. show how the saying proves the findings
D. defend rich people who do immoral things （2）According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral?
A. They welcome risks.
B. They have more desires.
C. They believe money talks.
D. They become more selfish.
（3）Why did the scientists do the experiments?
A. To show how social status affects people's morality.
B. To show people's instincts and values in different ways.
C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true.
D. To show the difference between higher - class people and lower - class people.
（4）What does the passage really want to show us?
A. The poor are respectable.
B. Money is the root of all evil.
C. All rich people are untrustworthy.
D. The rich are more likely to act badly.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者主要通过展示几个实验的结果，旨在证明"金钱是一切罪恶的根源"这一说法可能是有一定道理的。
(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying…that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.”可知，用这个俗语“金钱是万恶之源”来引出本文的话题——富人们是否比穷人们更加有可能做不道德的事情，通过一些实验来证实，让读者们看到这一研究，目的是吸引读者对这个研究的注意，故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings.”按照科学家的研究，富人们通常认为钱可以解决一切麻烦，所以他们更不害怕冒险，也意味着他们更少在乎其他人的感受，可知，他们喜欢冒
险并不是让他们不道德的因素，而且从常识来说，并不是所有喜欢冒险的人就是富人，而且喜欢冒险也不代表不道德，故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts(本能) and values in different ways.”可知，实验的目的是展示生活在不同的社会状况下的人们如何以不同的方式来表达他们的本能和价值观。故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest.”可知，并不是所有的富人都是不值得信任的，也并不是所有的穷人都是诚实的，故A，C都错误；B项“金钱是万恶之源”这只是一个引子，并不是文章要告诉我们的；根据文章第一段科学家发表的声明可知，富人们更加有可能不道德，也就是行为上更糟糕，恶劣。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Apple announced its new iPhones last week, but competitors' mobile phones can do many of the same things for less money.
The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less.
At one time, Chinese manufacturers copied features and designs from others to produce low-cost phones. But they have now added high-end features to their phones and they control nearly half the global mobile phone market.
Media MarktSaturn is Europe's biggest electronics seller. A spokesperson for the store told Reuters that,“Huawei is seen as a relevant competitor to Apple and Samsung by covering all major price points and placing big investments in marketing and sales. '' She also said that the Chinese companies Huawei, ZTE, Lenovo and TCL were among the top-10 best-selling smart phones in its stores.
Chinese manufacturers' fast growth has been fueled by strong sales in China. But they now export 40 percent of their smart phones. That is almost double the number from just three years ago, according to the Hong Kong investment company CLSA.
Huawei is currently the world's third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called "Real AI phone." Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese companies are looking to enter the high-end smart phone market.
（1）What is the text mainly about?
A. Smart phone's manufacturers.
B. Apple smart phone's features.
C. Asian phone makers' fast growth.
D. Competition among Asian phone makers.
（2）Which is NOT among the top 3 phone makers in the world?
A. TCL.
B. Samsung.
C. Apple.
D. Huawei.
（3）What do we know from the text?
A. Huewei will have overtaken Apple by later 2017.
B. Chinese makers' phones with high-end features cost less.
C. The top-10 smart phones are to enter the high-end competition.
D. 40 percent of Asian smart phones are exported now.
（4）What is the writer's attitude towards Asian phone makers?
A. Doubtful.
B. Concerned.
C. Optimistic.
D. Uncertain.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，苹果新机“遇冷”，国产手机“争霸”, 亚洲手机制造商快速发展逼近苹果公司。
（1）考查主旨大意。根据第二段“Th e new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less.”新款iPhone 8 和X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时，一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。可以推断出本文主要讲述了亚洲手机制造商之间的竞争。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Huawei is currently th e world's third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.”可知华为目前是全球第三大手机厂商，位居三星和苹果之后。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段“The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end m odel, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less. ”新款iPhone 8 和X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时，一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called "Real AI phone." Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such
as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese companies are looking to enter the high-end smartphone market.”这家中国公司甚至在Facebook上发布了一则名为《RealAIphone》的视频，取笑苹果公司新的面部识别功能。华为计划在10月16日推出该公司顶级的Mate 10 手机。这款手机将具备人工智能功能，例如即时翻译和图像识别，售价可能低于1千美元。其它中国公司正在寻求进入高端智能手机市场。可以推断出作者对亚洲手机制造商很有信心，对亚洲手机发展前景乐观，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
When we think of a generation gap we usually think of conflicting tastes in music, or pastimes. But now the generation gap is handwriting. After one teacher in Tennessee discovered that she had students who couldn't read the assignments she was writing on the board, she posted it on the Internet saying handwriting should be taught in schools.
Opponents claim that handwriting has become out of time in our modern world. Typed words have become a primary form of communication. Once a practical kill handwriting is no longer used by the vast majority of Americans. It is no longer taught in schools, and some claim that the time that it would take to teach it could be put to better use, for instance, by teaching the technical skills.
But even in today's world there are still plenty of reasons to pick up a pen and apply it to paper. Many American institutions still require original signatures, for instance, signing for a registered letter and buying a house. And original signatures are much more difficult to forge(伪造) than their digital counterparts. There is also strong evidence that writing by hand is good for the mind. It activates a different part of the brain, and improves fine moving skills in young children. People also tend to remember what they write by hand more than what they type, and the process of writing by hand has been shown to stimulate ideas. Besides, studies have shown that kids who write by hand learn to read and spell earlier than those who don't. Not to mention, handwriting is pleasing, as is evidenced by the fact that no one has ever typed a love letter. And handwriting remains popular as an art form.
Yes, we live in a modern world, but we live in a modern world that is based on fundamental values.
（1）What did the teacher find in her class?
A. Her students had a big generation gap with her.
B. Her handwriting was too terrible to understand.
C. Some students could not recognize her handwriting on the blackboard.
D. Some students handwriting on the blackboard was too difficult to tell.
（2）Why do some people agree to teach handwriting in school?
A. Handwriting is easy to remember.
B. Handwriting is beneficial to the brain.
C. Handwriting can help one buy a house.
D. Handwriting is an art form out of time.
（3）What can we infer from the passage?
A. Handwriting is widely used in America.
B. What people write by hand is not easy to recognize.
C. Handwriting is emphasized in our modern society.
D. Those with good handwriting may perform better in their studies.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards teaching handwriting in school?
A. Opposed.
B. Objective.
C. Unconcerned.
D. Favorable.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代社会手写被逐渐忽视，手写的益处和优点，支持学校教书写的社会现象。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“After one teacher in Tennessee discovered that she had students who couldn't read the assignments she was writing on the board, she posted it on the Internet saying handwriting should be taught in schools.”可知田纳西的一位老师发现她的一些学生读不出写在黑板的作业，所以选C。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“There is also strong eviden ce that writing by hand is good for the mind. It activates a different part of the brain, and improves fine moving skills in young children.”可知手写对大脑有益。故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“And original signatures are much more difficult to forge(伪造) than their digital co unterparts.”可知原始笔迹更难伪造，可知人们手写出来的不易伪造，所以选D。
(4)考查观点态度。根据作者在第二段第三段陈述的书写有很多好处，可知作者支持在学校教书写，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
83-year-old Antonio Vicente has spent the last four decades of his life fighting against the trend. As Brazilian landowners cut down rainforests to make room for profitable plantations(种植园) and cattle grounds, he struggled to bring the jungles of his childhood back to life.
"When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back," he told the reporters, "I thought: 'Water is valuable, no one makes water and the population will not stop growing. What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'"
With only some donkeys and a small team of hired workers, Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his land. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way
of life, and Antonio recalls often spending whole days and nights in his young jungle, surrounded by rats and foxes, and eating banana sandwiches for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.
As the forest grew, the water returned, and Antonio says that there are now over 20 water, sources on his land that were no longer there when he bought it. Then the animals started making a home there. Today, the forest is alive with the sounds of birds and insects living there, and more species are settling in every year.
"There are toucans(巨嘴鸟), all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning," 83-year-old Vicente says, "If you ask me who my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed."
（1）What do we learn about the Brazilian peasants?
A. They wasted much water on farming.
B. They focused on short-term profits.
C. They cared much about the environment.
D. They relied heavily on rainforests for a living.（2）What used to be young Antonio's biggest concern?
A. Overpopulation.
B. Polluted water.
C. Loss of grasslands.
D. Water shortage.
（3）What does the underlined word "haven" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Trap
B. Disaster
C. Shelter
D. Balance
（4）In the last paragraph, Antonio mainly expresses his .
A. affection for his forest
B. thanks for his family
C. deep love for rare birds
D. pride as a successful farmer
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，83岁的安东尼奥?比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在与这种趋势作斗争，他努力使童年的丛林恢复生机。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back,”--- What is going to happen? We are going to run out of w ater.'”可知Brazilian的农民关注的是短期的利益。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his land. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way of life”，可知年轻的Antonio最大的关注是水的短缺。故选D。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Over the last 40 ye ars, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.”在最近40年，他在31公顷土地上种植了大约50,000棵树，目前虽小但独特的热带雨林地区是野生动物的天堂。由此推知划线的意思是“遮蔽”，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There are t oucans（巨嘴鸟）, all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning,” 83-year-old Vicente says. “If you ask me who
my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed.”可推知Antonio主要在表达他对森林的影响。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.
Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, you're more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.
Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.
Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
（1）What is the purpose of persuasion?
A. To advise somebody to support you.
B. To help someone have special skills.
C. To convince somebody to realize his aim.
D. To talk someone into being honest.
（2）What is a speaker's way of convincing the audience to trust him?
A. Pathos.
B. Ethos.
C. Logos.
D. Education.
（3）What do a politician and an animal charity have in common?
A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.
B. Both save people from terrible wars.
C. Both make the audience support them.
D. Both persuade people to donate money.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Convince the Audience
B. Three Basic Tools of Persuasion
C. Believe Me
D. Strength of Persuasion
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说服是一种说服某人同意你的艺术，有三种基本的
说服方法：精神气质，悲情和理性。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art whic h also calls for special techniques to accomplish.”可知说服的目的是劝告一些人赞成你，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.”可知说话者可以通过介绍自己的经验以及自己在这个领域所受的教育，也就是Ethos，来让听众相信他，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions.”可知一位政治家和一个动物慈善团体的共同之处就是让听众支持他们，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题句“Persuasion is to c onvince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.”可知这篇文章主要介绍了劝说的三个基本方法，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.
"This is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important一not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,"says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada."In humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them."
Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box,they froze with fear.
Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.
The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.
“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're
older,"says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.
（1）The study shows that______.
A. physical activity is important for physical health
B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth
C. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms
D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older
（2）How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes.
B. By giving an example.
C. By describing the process.
D. By showing differences.
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Exercise.
B. Development.
C. Benefit.
D. Study.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?
A. Negative.
B. Objective.
C. Critical.
D. Doubtful.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A。
（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Oh my God, the robots are taking over! We're doomed! Doomed! Now that I've gotten that out of my system, it's become clear that while we may or may not be doomed, the robots are taking over. The latest example is the government's new guidelines for self-driving cars.
Tesla, Google and Uber are already testing driverless cars in cities across America. Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick is among those predicting that by 2021, self-driving cars will play a big part in urban settings.
Nearly 40,000 people died last year in this nation in automobile-related accidents, and we believes driverless cars can save tens of thousands of lives annually.
Makes sense. Robot drivers are less likely to get drunk, drive without a license, text while driving or feel agitated at the scene of a pileup. On the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitive cars will react, with walkers constantly dashing into the street. Will they jam on the brakes every 10 seconds?
But there's a bigger picture. Not only are robots replacing humans behind the wheel, but behind the work desk, in warehouses, senior homes, you name it. Robots aren't just taking over in the workplace.
The question is, where can't a robot function better than a human? How about writing songs?
A robot can go through every combination of notes in record time and come up with a pleasing melody. The lyrics might be a different story. Is a Grammy-winning song co-written by Hank Human and R-3071 in our future?
Finally, it's only a matter of time until we have robot politicians and presidential candidates. Why not? They can be programmed to be experts in world and domestic affairs and come up with the best solutions without corruption and bad humors.
Actually, it's too bad such technology isn't available in 2016. Pretty sure the robot would win in a landslide.
（1）What does the underlined word “agitated” mean?
A. Tired
B. Cautious
C. Careful
D. Anxious
（2）What doubt does the writer have about self-driving cars?
A. How passengers behave in it.
B. How robot drivers get the license.
C. How they avoid crashing into other car.
D. How they respond to walkers on a busy street.（3）The last questions asked in the sixth paragraph reflects the writer’s ________.
A. confidence in robots, winning Grammy Awards
B. eagerness to listen to songs written by robots
C. doubt about robots’ ability to write songs
D. curiosity about the future Grammy songs （4）What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. Robots will control the world in every field
B. Robots are coming but not soon enough
C. Robots are being used in our daily life
D. Robots can drive cars and write music
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文谈论机器人是否会控制世界的问题。以无人驾驶汽车为例，谈论无人驾驶的优缺点，以及在其他领域对机器人的应用，最后得出结论，机器人等现代化科学技术全面代替人类只是时间问题。
（1）猜测词义。根据划线词所在句“Robot drivers are less likely to...at the scene of a pileup.”可知，作者想说的是无人驾驶汽车看到堵车也不会感到焦虑不安。所以agitated应意为“焦虑的”，相当于 anxious，故选D。
（2）细节理解。根据第四段中on the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitive cars
will react, with walker constantly dashing into the street.可知，作者担心的是这些无人驾驶的汽车如何对经常冲进马路的行人如何反应，故选 D。
（3）推理判断。题干询问的是第六段提出的最后一个问题反映了作者的什么看法，根据本段提到的机器人能够创作出优美的旋律可推知，作者是想借此问题说明将来机器人肯定会写出获得格莱美奖的音乐作品，故选A。
（4）主旨大意。通读全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“it’s too bad such technology isn’t available in 2016”可知，本文作者认为机器人时代来的不够快，B项反映了作者的看法，概括了文章内容。故选B。
【点评】议论文阅读首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
I In the early 1990s,the word” Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类） Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute. Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at. We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing （浏览）websites. There
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow. When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality. Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic. They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive. So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. （1）What is the passage mainly about? A. Environmental protection. B. The world of tomorrow. C. Advantages of technology. （2）What do we learn from the passage? A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap. C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
阅读理解 B 42、Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent resistance. Having received a Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) from Boston University, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 Americans on a march in Washington D.C. to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech "I Have a Dream" before the Lincoln Memorial. The "dream" is a dream of brotherly love and equality for the Black and White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later. Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in Luther King's honor. He lives in people's hearts forever. (1)、Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39 years old. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Martin Luther King was a black minister only. A：T B：F 答案：B (3)、Martin Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years. A：T B：F 答案：A (4)、The underlined word "delivered" in the second paragraph could be replaced by "gave". A：T B：F 答案：A (5)、The best title for this passage is "Civil Rights Law". A：T B：F 答案：B 43、A public house which was recently bought by Mr. James is up for sale. He is going to sell it because it is haunted (闹鬼的). He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr. James had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost (鬼) must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, he shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept it even if he gives it away. (1)、Mr. James was the owner of the public house. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Mr. James had not turned off the lights that night. A：T B：F 答案：B (3)、Mr. James built the house. A：T B：F 答案：B (4)、Mr. James found sixty empty bottles. A：T B：F 答案：B (5)、The writer of the passage believes Mr. James' story. A：T B：F 答案：B 44、Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry. In the past, when more Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Often, too, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary. And large families can not be moved from place to place as smaller families can. So, at present people tend to have smaller families. In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consists only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take child raising as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job. (1)、The passage discusses influence of science and industry on American families. A：T B：F 答案：A (2)、Families of the past, the present and the future are described in the passage. A：T B：F 答案：A (3)、People no longer want to have children. A：T B：F 答案：B (4)、Grandparents will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future. A：T B：F 答案：B (5)、Large families cannot fit in with a highly industrialized society. A：T B：F 答案：A 45、My husband had just bought a new washing machine for me. I decided to use it and I washed a lot of things. Everything worked well, but I found one of my husband's socks missing. I looked everywhere for it, but I couldn't find it anywhere. The next morning, I got ready for school as usual. When the bell rang, the students came in. I greeted them first and then told them what we were going to do that day. When I turned around to write on the blackboard, the class broke out a roar! They laughed and laughed. They laughed so much, in fact, that I was afraid the headmaster would be into seeing all this. I asked the class to stop, but the more I talked, the more they laughed. I decided to pay no attention to them and I continued to write on the blackboard. When I did this, they roared even more. Finally, the teacher who had the room next to mine came in to see what all the laughter was about. When he came in, he started laughing, too!
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面的材料，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。 More and more people are using mobile phones now. Smart phones are used as televisions, cameras, and music players. They are also used for sending e-mails or surfing the Internet. If someone talks about mobile phones, many Chinese will think of Huawei. In China, even in the world, Huawei is a wonder （奇迹）. Ren Zhengfei built up （创建）Huawei company in 1987. The company sold 58.4 million smart phones in the first season of 2019. Huawei has got the second place at the mobile market. Now, Huawei has been the leader in 5G field. It has more than 75, 000 top engineers and scientists on research. They try their best to bring digital （数码） and high technology to every person and place. It's more convenient for modern people to live in a rapid way. What a useful technology 5G is! We are looking forward to seeing a stronger Huawei. It provides a faster and better communication way for us. It also brings "Created in China" to the world. （1）You can use Huawei mobile phones to take photos. （2）Ren Zhengfei set up Huawei company in 1987. （3）Huawei has got the first place at the mobile market. （4）Few top engineers and scientists work on research in Huawei company. （5）Huawei gives us a slower communication way. 【答案】（1）1 （2）1 （3）0 （4）0 （5）0 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是华为手机和5G技术的发展情况。 （1）细节理解题。根据Smart phones are used as televisions, cameras, and music players. 智能手机被用作电视、相机和音乐播放器。可知可以照相。故答案为：正确。 （2）细节理解题。根据Ren Zhengfei built up （创建） Huawei company in 1987。任正非于1987年创建华为公司。故答案为：正确。 （3）细节理解题。根据Huawei has got the second place at the mobile market. 华为在移动市场排名第二。故华为在移动市场上占据第一。故答案为：错误。 （4）细节理解题。根据It has more than 75, 000 top engineers and scientists on research. 它
英语阅读理解题及答案 Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods. With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast(宴会),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories.
英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear. Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and intonation. Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would make it easier to use their methods. In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot be a formula. It must be real. There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language. （1）Many people believe advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses probably because . A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens B. they are eager to learn and then believe them C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts D. the ways advertised prove effective and helpful （2）What may behaviorists argue towards English learning? A. Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees. B. Human beings should relate their speech to their own lives. C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions and practices. D. Language is a means of communication. （3）What opinion does the author hold? A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist. B. English can be mastered within a very short period of time. C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language. D. No one can learn English well without being interested in it.
【英语】英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)及解析 一、阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
大学英语一阅读理解 一、阅读理解（共505题,共101分） 1. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1. 01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” acro ss the country seeking to kick the habit. This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78. The influence is obvious. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.” That’s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. （1分） (1) The text is mainly about___________. （0.2分） A.the price of cigarettes B.the rate of teen smoking C.the effect of tobacco tax increase D.the differences in tobacco tax rate 标准答案：C (2) What does the author think is a surprise? （0.2分） A.Teen smokers are price sensitive. B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low. C.Tobacco taxes improve public health. D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise. 标准答案：B (3) The underlined word "deter” in Paragr aph 3 most probably means . （0.2分） A.discarding B.remove C.benefit D.free 标准答案：A (4) Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of . （0.2分） A.tolerance B.unconcern C.doubt D.sympathy 标准答案：D (5) What can we learn from the last paragraph? （0.2分） A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run. B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.