全国3 卷——短文改错规律发现&总结
短文改错总共有10 处错误，其中 1 处添加， 1 处删除，8 处改正。
添加的单词一般是介词或冠词（16 年为人称代词），删除的单词一般是介词或冠词（18 年为指示代词），改正的单词涉及到的知识点比较细，大致有：名词单复数转换、人称代词变换、非谓语动词转换、冠词的转换、时态的变化、人称和数的变化、词性的变化、连词的
1.添加
19 年I want my cafe have a special theme.(to) (非谓语动词的考察)
18 年Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activities.(to) (非谓语动词)
17年Around me in picture are the things ... ... (the) (冠词的用法)
16年but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.(I) (人称代词)
2.删除
19 年I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. (介词)
18年I was afraid that to speak in front of people. (指示代词/ 从句引导词) 17年I realize of how fast time flies. (介词)
16年At the first, ... ... (冠词)
3.改正
(1)时态(谓语动词)错误——必考
19年Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and
efforts.(requires)
18年the writing class had just begin.(begun) (严格来说属于非谓语动词的错误) 17年I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only
physically, ... ...(have)
I entered my second year of high school and become a new members
of ... ...(became)
16年They always tell me what to do and how to do it.(told) 【时态错误出现在文章中部的概率较大】
(2)非谓语动词的错误——必考，但每年考察形式不同
1)不定式to do 的错误：
19年Now my dream is to opens a cafe.(open) { I want my cafe have a special theme.(to) (非谓语动词的考察) }
{18 年Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class
activities.(to)( 非谓语动词)}
2)现在分词/ 动名词doing 的错误：
19 年If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.(managing)(介词之后的动词
要用ing)
18年Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon
to ... ...(waiting)
16年I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.(wearing) (同
19 年)
3)过去分词done 的错误：
18 年the writing class had just begin.(begun)
17年About one month after this photo was took.(taken) 【非谓语动词错误出现在文章前半部分的概率较大。有几点技巧可供参考： 1.介词之后的动词要用-ing 形式； 2.逗号之后的动词要用-ing 形式； 3.注意完成时have/has/had done 和被动语态be done 中的过去分词写法是否正确。】
(3)人称代词的错误——必考
19年In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment.(themselves)
18年I had done myself homework.(my)
17年This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school
day.(my)
16年I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.(myself) 当从句由that 引导，且紧跟在主句的谓语动词之后时，从句引导词that 可以省略【人称代词的错误出现在中部的概率较大，且比较喜欢考察反身代词及其复数形式。】 ( 4)词性的错误——必考
19年What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special
one.(ordinary)
18年Immediate, I raised my hand.(Immediately)
17年I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes... ...(different) 16年my parents didn 't seem to think such.(so)
... ... so I hoped I could be freely from them.(free) 【人称代词的错误没有固定的出现点，但比较喜欢考察形容词和副词之间的转化。有几个技巧可供参考： 1.副词不可以跟在系动词之后作表语，通常是形容词跟在系动词之后作表语；2.冠词之后要么直接加名词，要么先加形容词之后再加名词； 3.副词只可以修饰动词形容词，通常放在句首或动词的前后，不可以修饰名词； 4. 记住一些常见常用的后缀。】
(5)比较级和最高级的错误
18年I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people.(large)
17年... ... and collecting the late music albums.(latest)
16年They were also the best and worse years in my life.(worst) 【比较级和最高级的错误没有固定的出现位置。有几个技巧可供参考： 1.形容词的最高级前一定有定冠词the； 2.注意为数不多的几个不规则变化； 3.如果遇到比较级时，要特别注意
句子后部是否有than 或者句子本身带有比较含义。】
(6)连词的错误
19年... ... in the historical environment what is created for them.(that) (从句引导词)
18年... ...waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.(or)
17年I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.(but)
(7)冠词的错误
19 年Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.(a)
18年的冠词考察以添加的形式出现。
16 年的冠词考察以删除的形式出现。
