下载文档原格式
用C语言写的一个PIC16F877的时闹钟程序单片机用16F877，主时钟用20MHz，用32768作定时时间。
可以实现2路定闹，每一路都可分别设置和开关，采用4x4键盘，16x2的字符型LCD显示。
连线在程序开头有说明。
程序的功能：（1）上电后LCD背光打开，并显示倒计时5秒，然后时钟开始工作。
（2）用模式键（*）切换模式，如显示时间、日期、闹钟1、闹钟2等，并且可以用上、下键控制加1、减1或是闹钟的On、Off。
（3）原程序有16个键，包括0~9数字键，可以直接输入要设置的时间值，但后来将数字键取消了，你仍然可以通过修改程序的部分注释恢复此功能。
（4）闹钟有2路，时间到后闹2分钟，可按任意键取消本次闹钟。
闹钟响时有2种音调，是用PIC的PWM实现的。
（5）按任意键可打开背光，1分钟后自动关闭背光。
（6）RA0~RA3为按键扫描输入，应接下拉电阻。
主程序// FileName: Main.c// MCU: Microchip PIC16F877// Tool: CCS-C compiler// Author: KingEDA, MSN:kingeda@, skype:kingeda, E-mail:kingeda@// Website: // Description:// A timer program// Ver 0.1: 2003-03-31, all clock function with date display, 2 way alarm.// Ver 0.2: 2003-05-05, (1) Alarm default is on,modify alarm1 time to 7:00:00,// and alarm2 to 13:30:00.// (2) Backlight will be enabled when alarming.// (3) Automatic adjust day(28,30,31).// (4) Automatic move cursor to next location when set item.// PIN Connection:// RC0~1 : 32768Hz crystal// RC2 : Buzzer// RC3 : LCD Back Light,drive a PNP BJT// RD0~RD7 : to LCD DB0~DB7// RA0~RA3 : keypad col in// RC4~RC7 : keypad line out// 7 8 9 #// 4 5 6 ↑// 1 2 3 ↓// 0 ←→*// RE0 : LCD RS// RE1 : LCD RW// RE2 : LCD E#include "my16f877.h"#device ICD=true//#fuses HS,NOWDT,NOPROTECT,PUT,BROWNOUT #use delay(clock = 24000000)//#use fast_io(C)#use fast_io(E)#define lcd_busy (lcd_read_addr()&0x80) == 0x80#define time_start_addr 0x80+0x04#define time_hourh_addr time_start_addr#define time_hourl_addr time_start_addr+1#define time_minuteh_addr time_start_addr+3#define time_minutel_addr time_start_addr+4#define time_secondh_addr time_start_addr+6#define time_secondl_addr time_start_addr+7#define key_0 0x11#define key_1 0x21#define key_2 0x22#define key_3 0x24#define key_4 0x41#define key_5 0x42#define key_6 0x44#define key_7 0x81#define key_8 0x82#define key_9 0x84#define key_left 0x12#define key_right 0x14#define key_up 0x48#define key_down 0x28#define key_mode 0x18#define key_cancel 0x88char StrPower1[] = " * Power on * ";char StrSetTime[] = " * Adjust time* ";char StrSetDate[] = " * Adjust date* ";char StrAlarm1[] = " * Set alarm 1* ";char StrAlarm2[] = " * Set alarm 2* ";unsigned char PORTC_MAP;#bit BackLightEn = PORTC_MAP.3unsigned char BackLightTimer;int1 led;#bit lcd_rs = PORTE.0#bit lcd_rw = PORTE.1#bit lcd_e = PORTE.2#byte lcd_bus = PORTD#byte lcd_dir = TRISD#define PWM_on 0x0c#define PWM_off 0x00#define PWM_period 200#define PWM_DC 100unsigned char lcd_addr;unsigned char KeyLine;unsigned char KeyOld;unsigned char KeyNew;struct mTime {unsigned char hourh; // hour,0~23unsigned char hourl;unsigned char minuteh; // minute,0~59unsigned char minutel;unsigned char secondh; // second,0~59unsigned char secondl;};struct mTime CurrentTime = {1,2,0,0,0,0};struct mTime AlarmTime1 = {0,7,0,0,0,0}; // 07:00:00 struct mTime AlarmTime2 = {1,3,3,0,0,0}; // 13:30:00 unsigned char AlarmStatus;#bit Alarm1Enable = AlarmStatus.0#bit Alarm2Enable = AlarmStatus.1#bit Alarm1Alarm = AlarmStatus.2#bit Alarm2Alarm = AlarmStatus.3unsigned char Alarm1Cnt; // alarm1 second count unsigned char Alarm2Cnt;unsigned char CurrentMode;#define mode_time 0#define mode_set_time 1#define mode_set_date 2#define mode_set_alarm1 3#define mode_set_alarm2 4unsigned char adjust_item;struct mDate {unsigned char year1; //unsigned char year2;unsigned char year3;unsigned char year4;unsigned char monthh;unsigned char monthl;unsigned char dayh;unsigned char dayl;};struct mDate CurrentDate = {2,0,0,3,0,1,0,1}; unsigned char *pStr;// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_read_addr(){unsigned char ch;lcd_dir = 0xff; // read from lcdlcd_rs = 0;lcd_rw = 1; // instlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmch = lcd_bus;lcd_e = 0;lcd_dir = 0x00; // set write to lcdreturn ch;}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_write_data(unsigned char ch) {while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_rs = 1; // datalcd_rw = 0; // writelcd_bus = ch; // write outlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmlcd_e = 0;return 'Y';}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_write_inst(unsigned char ch) {while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_rs = 0; // instlcd_rw = 0; // writelcd_bus = ch;lcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmlcd_e = 0;return 'Y';}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_read_data(){unsigned char ch;while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_dir = 0xff; // read from lcdlcd_rs = 1; // datalcd_rw = 1; // readlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmch = lcd_bus; // read inlcd_e = 0;lcd_dir = 0x00; // set write to lcdreturn ch;}// ------------------------------------------------------- void lcd_init(){unsigned char Tempch;lcd_addr = 0;delay_ms(100);Tempch = 0x38; // 1-line mode,5x8 dotslcd_write_inst(Tempch); // Function setTempch = 0x0f; // lcd on,cursor on,blink onlcd_write_inst(Tempch); // Display on/offTempch = 0x06; // Increment mode,Entire shift offlcd_write_inst(Tempch);Tempch = 0x01; // clear displaylcd_write_inst(Tempch);delay_ms(3);}// -------------------------------------------------------//#int_timer1//void timer1_interrupt(void)#int_ccp2void ccp2_interrupt(void){//TMR1H = 0x80;if (CurrentTime.secondl==9){CurrentTime.secondl=0;if (CurrentTime.secondh==5){CurrentTime.secondh=0;if (CurrentTime.minutel==9){CurrentTime.minutel=0;if (CurrentTime.minuteh==5){CurrentTime.minuteh=0;if (CurrentTime.hourl==9){CurrentTime.hourl=0;CurrentTime.hourh++;}else if((CurrentTime.hourl==3) && (CurrentTime.hourh==2)){CurrentTime.hourl=0;CurrentTime.hourh=0;if ((((CurrentDate.dayl == 8) || (CurrentDate.dayl == 9)) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthl == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 0)) ||((CurrentDate.dayl == 0) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 3) && ((((CurrentDate.monthl == 4) || (CurrentDate.monthl == 6)|| (CurrentDate.monthl == 9)) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 0)) || ((CurrentDate.monthl == 1) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 1)))) ||((CurrentDate.dayl == 1) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 3))){CurrentDate.dayl=1;CurrentDate.dayh=0;if ((CurrentDate.monthl == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 1)){CurrentDate.monthl = 1;CurrentDate.monthh = 0;if (CurrentDate.year4 == 9){CurrentDate.year4 = 0;if (CurrentDate.year3 == 9){CurrentDate.year3 = 0;if (CurrentDate.year2 == 9){CurrentDate.year2 = 0;CurrentDate.year1++;}elseCurrentDate.year2++;}elseCurrentDate.year3++;}elseCurrentDate.year4++;}else if(CurrentDate.monthl == 9){CurrentDate.monthl = 0;CurrentDate.monthh++;}elseCurrentDate.monthl++;}else if(CurrentDate.dayl == 9){CurrentDate.dayl=0;CurrentDate.dayh++;}elseCurrentDate.dayl++;}elseCurrentTime.hourl++;}elseCurrentTime.minuteh++;}elseCurrentTime.minutel++;}elseCurrentTime.secondh++;}elseCurrentTime.secondl++;if ((Alarm1Alarm == false) & (Alarm2Alarm == false)){led = 0;CCP1CON = PWM_off;}else{if (led == 1){led = 0;PR2 = PWM_period; // set pwm periodCCPR1L = PWM_DC; // set pwm duty cycle//CCP1CON = PWM_on;}else{led = 1;PR2 = PWM_period/2; // set pwm periodCCPR1L = PWM_DC/2; // set pwm duty cycle//CCP1CON = PWM_off;}}Alarm1Cnt++;Alarm2Cnt++;if (BackLightEn == 0)if (((BackLightTimer++)>=60) & (Alarm1Alarm == false) & (Alarm1Alarm == false))BackLightEn = 1; // disable backlight PORTC = PORTC_MAP;//TMR1IF = 0;//PIR1 = PIR2 = 0x00;CCP2IF = 0;}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char get_key(void){unsigned char key_in,tmp;TRISC = 0x03;KeyLine = 0xf0;PORTC = KeyLine | PORTC_MAP;#asmnopnopnop#endasmif ((PORTA & 0x0f) != 0){tmp = 0x10;for (KeyLine = tmp;KeyLine!=0;KeyLine = tmp){PORTC = KeyLine | PORTC_MAP;tmp = KeyLine <<1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmkey_in = PORTA & 0x0f;if (key_in != 0){return (key_in | KeyLine);}}return 0;}elsereturn 0;}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_mode(void){if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2)CurrentMode = mode_time;else{CurrentMode++;adjust_item = 0;}lcd_write_inst(0x01); // clear LCD displaylcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // set LCD line1 if (CurrentMode == mode_set_time){lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondl + '0');pStr = StrSetTime;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_date){lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');pStr = StrSetDate;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm1){lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondl + '0');lcd_write_data(' ');lcd_write_data('O');if (Alarm1Enable){lcd_write_data('n');}else{lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}pStr = StrAlarm1;Alarm1Cnt =0;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2) {lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondl + '0');lcd_write_data(' ');lcd_write_data('O');if (Alarm2Enable){lcd_write_data('n');}else{lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}pStr = StrAlarm2;Alarm2Cnt = 0;}lcd_write_inst(0xc0); // set LCD line2 if (CurrentMode != mode_time){for (;*pStr!=0;pStr++){ // write hint messagelcd_write_data(*pStr);}lcd_write_inst(0x0f); // LCD cursor onlcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else // time mode,write date to second line{lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD sursor off/* lcd_write_inst(0xc0 + 3); // set date start address lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');*/ }if (CurrentMode == mode_set_time){lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_date){lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm1){lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 6;}else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2){lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 6;}else{lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD cursor off}}// ------------------------------------------------------- void set_date(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // adjust year{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year1 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 7;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);}}else if(adjust_item == 1){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year2 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);}}else if(adjust_item == 2){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year3 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);}}else if(adjust_item == 3){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year4 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}}else if(adjust_item == 4)if (((CurrentDate.monthl>2) & (KeyNew == 0)) | ((CurrentDate.monthl == 0) & (KeyNew == 1))| (((CurrentDate.monthl == 1) | (CurrentDate.monthl == 2)) & (KeyNew <2))) {CurrentDate.monthh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);}}else if(adjust_item == 5){if (((CurrentDate.monthh == 3) & (KeyNew <2)) | ((CurrentDate.monthh != 3) & (KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentDate.monthl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}}else if(adjust_item == 6)if (((CurrentDate.dayl>1) & ((KeyNew == 1) | (KeyNew == 2))) | ((CurrentDate.dayl == 0) & (KeyNew >0) & (KeyNew<4))| ((CurrentDate.dayl == 1) & (KeyNew <4))){CurrentDate.dayh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);}}else if(adjust_item == 7){if (((CurrentDate.dayh == 3) & (KeyNew <2)) | ((CurrentDate.dayh != 3) & (KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentDate.dayl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_time(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((CurrentTime.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((CurrentTime.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){CurrentTime.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 5;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((CurrentTime.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((CurrentTime.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentTime.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){CurrentTime.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){CurrentTime.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){CurrentTime.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;&nb, sp; lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){CurrentTime.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_alarm1(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((AlarmTime1.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((AlarmTime1.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){AlarmTime1.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 6;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr + 3);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((AlarmTime1.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((AlarmTime1.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){AlarmTime1.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime1.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime1.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime1.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime1.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}}else if (adjust_item == 6) // set on/off{if ((KeyNew == key_up) | (KeyNew == key_down)){if (Alarm1Enable){Alarm1Enable =false; // disable alarm1lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}else{Alarm1Enable =true; // enable alarm1lcd_write_data('n');lcd_write_data(' ');}//lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);Alarm1Cnt = 0;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_alarm2(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((AlarmTime2.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((AlarmTime2.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){AlarmTime2.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 6;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((AlarmTime2.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((AlarmTime2.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){AlarmTime2.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime2.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime2.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime2.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime2.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}}else if (adjust_item == 6) // set on/off{if ((KeyNew == key_up) | (KeyNew == key_down)){if (Alarm2Enable){Alarm2Enable =false; // disable alarm2lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}else{Alarm2Enable =true; // enable alarm2lcd_write_data('n');lcd_write_data(' ');}//lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);Alarm2Cnt = 0;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void main(void){unsigned char cnt;TRISC = 0x03; // PORTC.3 drive led,low activePORTC_MAP = 0x00;led = 0;BackLightEn = 0;BackLightTimer = 0;PORTC = PORTC_MAP;TRISA = 0xff; // low half byte as keyscan inTRISE = 0x00;ADCON0 = 0x00;ADCON1 = 0x06; // all digital I/Oslcd_init();INTCON = 0x00;lcd_write_inst(0x80); // set lcd ddram addressfor (pStr = StrPower1;*pStr!=0;pStr++){lcd_write_data(*pStr);}lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD cursor offPIR1 = PIR2 = 0x00;T1CON = 0x0f; // T1CON: -- T1CKPS1 T1CPS0 T1OSCEN /T1SYNC TMR1CS TMR1ONTMR1H = 0x80;TMR1L = 0x00;。
PIC16程序设计及应用编写：孔勇第二版2008年12月2日·成都目录1．PIC单片机简介 (3)2．PIC单片机组成原理 (6)2．1基本组成 (6)2．2振荡器配置方法 (6)2．3 PIC单片机的电源和时钟 (7)2．4常用PIC系列芯片引脚功能 (8)2．5 PIC单片机16F8X系列简介 (9)2．6 PIC系列单片机数据存储器的特点和功能 (10)3．PIC单片机汇编语言常用指令 (13)3．1 PIC汇编语言指令格式 (13)3．2清零指令 (14)3．3面向字节常数与控制操作的指令 (15)4．PIC单片机汇编设计 (18)4．1程序的基本格式 (19)4．2程序设计基础 (20)5．PIC单片机C语言设计 (27)5．1 PIC 单片机C 语言编程简介 (27)5．2 Hitech-PICC 编译器 (27)5．3 MPLAB-IDE 内挂接PICC (28)5．4 PIC 单片机的C 语言原程序基本框架 (29)5．5 PICC 中的变量定义 (30)5．6 PICC 中的子程序和函数 (36)5．7 PICC 定义特殊区域值 (38)5．8 MPLAB-IDE 中实现PICC 的编译选项设置 (39)5．9 C 和汇编混合编程 (44)6．PIC应用设计 (49)6．1 PIC单片机开发的常见问题 (49)6．2 PIC16F73逆变器 (54)1．PIC单片机简介1、引言据统计，我国的单片机年容量已达1－3亿片，且每年以大约16%的速度增长，但相对于世界市场我国的占有率还不到1%。
这说明单片机应用在我国才刚刚起步，有着广阔的前景。
培养单片机应用人才，特别是在工程技术人员中普及单片机知识有着重要的现实意义。
当今单片机厂商琳琅满目，产品性能各异。
针对具体情况，我们应选何种型号呢？首先，我们来弄清两个概念：集中指令集（CISC）和精简指令集（RISC）。
采用CISC结构的单片机数据线和指令线分时复用，即所谓冯.诺伊曼结构。
PIC16程序设计及应用PIC16程序设计及应用第一章简介本文档旨在介绍PIC16系列微控制器的程序设计及应用。
针对初学者和有一定基础的开发人员，详细讲解了PIC16微控制器的相关知识和使用方法。
第二章 PIC16微控制器基础1.PIC16微控制器概述1.1.什么是PIC16微控制器1.2.PIC16微控制器的特点和优势1.3.PIC16微控制器的应用领域2.PIC16微控制器的硬件结构2.1.CPU和存储器单元2.2.输入输出端口2.3.定时器和计数器2.4.串行通信接口2.5.其他外设模块3.PIC16微控制器的指令集3.1.指令的格式和操作类型3.2.常用指令的详细介绍3.3.寄存器和存储器的访问方法第三章 PIC16程序设计基础1.开发环境搭建1.1.编程工具的选择1.2.编程环境的配置2.PIC16程序结构和编写规范2.1.基本程序框架和流程2.2.常用编程指导原则3.输入输出操作3.1.数字输入输出3.2.模拟输入输出3.3.中断输入输出4.定时器和计数器的应用4.1.延时功能的实现4.2.定时器中断的使用4.3.计数器的应用案例5.串行通信接口的使用5.1.串口通信的原理和标准5.2.串口通信的配置和编程6.其他外设模块的应用6.1.脉宽调制模块（PWM）6.2.电源管理6.3.LCD显示控制第四章 PIC16程序的调试和优化1.调试方法和工具1.1.硬件调试工具1.2.软件调试工具2.程序优化技巧2.1.代码效率的优化2.2.内存使用的优化附件：________本文档涉及的附件包括：________1.示例代码2.应用案例3.参考资料法律名词及注释：________1.版权：________指宪法或法律规定的对作品的独占权利，包括复制、发行、展览、表演、广播、改编等权利。
2.商标：________指用于标识商品和服务来源的标志，如商号、商品名称、服务名称、包装等。
pic16 c语言实例摘要：1.PIC16 单片机简介2.C 语言编程基础3.PIC16 C 语言编程实例详解4.总结正文：【1.PIC16 单片机简介】PIC16 系列单片机是由美国Microchip 公司推出的一款16 位微控制器（Microcontroller Unit, MCU）。
它具有高性能、低功耗、成本低的特点，广泛应用于嵌入式系统、自动控制、智能家居等领域。
【2.C 语言编程基础】C 语言是一种通用的高级程序设计语言，广泛应用于各种领域，如操作系统、嵌入式系统、游戏开发等。
C 语言的特点是语法简洁、执行效率高、跨平台等。
【3.PIC16 C 语言编程实例详解】以PIC16F877A 单片机为例，这是一个常见的PIC16 系列单片机型号。
下面是一个简单的PIC16 C 语言编程实例：```c#include <reg52.h> // 包含头文件，定义了PIC16F877A 单片机的寄存器sbit led = P1^0; // 定义一个名为led 的位变量，对应P1.0 端口，用于控制LED 灯的开关void delay(unsigned int ms) // 延时函数{unsigned int i, j;for (i = ms; i > 0; i--)for (j = 114; j > 0; j--);}void main(){while (1) // 无限循环{led = 0; // LED 灯熄灭delay(500); // 延时500msled = 1; // LED 灯点亮delay(500); // 延时500ms}}```这个例子中，我们首先引入了PIC16F877A 单片机的寄存器定义头文件，然后定义了一个位变量led，用于控制P1.0 端口的LED 灯的开关。
接着，我们编写了一个延时函数，用于控制程序的执行速度。
最后，在主函数中，我们使用一个无限循环，通过切换LED 灯的状态，实现了一个简单的闪烁效果。
/**用TMR1延时中断，通过RB0输出脉冲，每隔100MS让LED闪亮，采用中断方式**//*若定时器TMR1延时100MS,8位pic单片机晶振4MHZ，则指令周期Tcy=1us，计算如下：1.设预分频比为K，则65536*K*Tcy=100_000us，得K=1.52，要取大于此值的最小分频比，即K=22.计算延时常数X,（65536-X）*2*Tcy=100_000us，四舍五入取整，得X=15536.*/#include<pic.h>__CONFIG(0x3F71);#define T1_100MS 15536#define LED RB0char A;void interrupt ISR(void);void main(void){TRISB0=0;TMR1H=T1_100MS>>8;//取延时常数的高字节TMR1L=T1_100MS; //取延时常数的低字节TMR1IE=1; //TMR1终端使能INTCON=0b11000000;//GIE、PEIE置1才能进入TMR1中断T1CON=0b00010001;//TMR1预分频系数为1:2，内部延时，开始工作A=1;LED=1;while(1);}void interrupt ISR(void){if(TMR1IF==1){TMR1IF=0;TMR1H=T1_100MS>>8; //延时常数重新赋值TMR1L=T1_100MS; //整型数赋给字符型变量，只赋整型的低字节if(A==1){A=0;LED=0;}else{A=1;LED=1;}}}ROTUES如下图：示波器波形：照理说，应该脉冲周期是200ms，可为什么示波器显示的不对呢？？？有空好好研究下PS:见书P121-P123TMR1可以外接低频振荡器，当TMR1的振荡器使能时（T1OSCEN位置1），T1OSI和T1OSO 引脚自动被设定为输入，此时其相应的TRIS值被忽略。
PIC16程序设计及应用PIC16程序设计及应用简介PIC16（Peripheral Interface Controller）是一种微控制器，由美国Microchip公司推出。
它采用RISC架构，具有较低的功耗、高速执行、丰富的外设等特点。
PIC16系列微控制器常应用于各种嵌入式系统中，例如家电控制、汽车电子、安防设备等领域。
本文档将介绍PIC16程序设计的基本概念及应用。
PIC16架构概述PIC16微控制器采用Harvard结构，具有独立的程序存储器和数据存储器。
它采用8位指令集，具有128个字节的RAM和4KB的闪存。
PIC16还拥有多种外设，例如定时器、串口通信接口、模拟比较器等。
PIC16程序设计基础1. 开发环境搭建要进行PIC16程序设计，首先需要安装PIC16开发环境。
Microchip官方提供了一款集成开发环境MPLAB X，可以用于编写、调试和PIC16程序。
安装完成后，还需要配合相应型号的编程器才能对PIC16进行编程。
2. 编写第一个程序下面将介绍一个简单的PIC16程序示例。
首先，我们需要创建一个新的源文件并命名为`mn.c`。
cinclude <xc.h>void mn(void) {TRISBbits.TRISB0 = 0; // 将RB0引脚设置为输出模式 while (1) {TB0 = 1; // 将RB0引脚输出高电平__delay_ms(1000); // 延时1秒TB0 = 0; // 将RB0引脚输出低电平__delay_ms(1000); // 延时1秒}}上述程序使用了XC8编译器提供的部分库函数。
首先，我们将RB0引脚设为输出模式，并在一个无限循环中不断将RB0引脚输出高低电平。
3. 编译和程序编译PIC16程序可通过MPLAB X提供的编译器进行，具体方法如下：1. 打开MPLAB X并创建一个新的项目。
2. 将前面编写的`mn.c`文件添加到项目中。
PIC单片机C语言延时程序和循环子程序
PIC单片机C语言延时程序和循环子程序
很多朋友说C 中不能精确控制延时时间,不能象汇编那样直观。
其实不然, 对延时函数深入了解一下就能设计出一个理想的框价出来。
一般的我们都用
for(x=100;--x;){;}此句等同与x=100;while(--x){;};
或for(x=0;x 来写一个延时函数。
在这里要特别注意：X=100,并不表示只运行100 个指令时间就跳出循环。
可以看看编译后的汇编：
x=100;while(--x){;}
汇编后：
movlw 100
bcf 3,5
bcf 3,6
movwf_delay
l2 decfsz _delay
goto l2
return
从代码可以看出总的指令是是303 个,其公式是8+3*（X-1）。
注意其中循环周期是X-1 是99 个。
这里总结的是x 为char 类型的循环体,当x 为int 时候,其中受X 值的影响较大。
建议设计一个char 类型的循环体,然后再用一个循环体来调用它,可以实现精确的长时间的延时。
