Section Ⅲ Grammar-复习定语从句[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1.On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie foundwhat he was looking for —a group of poachers who/that were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope.2. In the battle which/that followed Jiesang was shot and killed.3. Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers.4. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.5. In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve — the huge national park on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes.6．Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.7. The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. 1.句1、句2、句3为限制性定语从句，关系词分别在从句中作主语和地点状语；2．句4为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，并在从句中作状语。
3．句5、句6、句7为非限制性定语从句，关系词分别在从句中作主语、定语和地点状语。
语法点一引导定语从句的关系词1．引导定语从句的常用关系词的用法关系词指代对象在从句中所作成分关系代who 指人主、宾、表whom 指人宾which 指物主、宾、表他就是那个在地震中幸存的男孩吗？He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea.他住在一座窗户朝向大海的大房子里。
I often thought of my childhood when I lived on a farm.我经常回想起我的童年，那时我住在一个农场里。
Bamboo grows well in the place where it is warm and wet all the year.竹子在一年四季都温暖潮湿的地方生长得好。
There are several reasons why we can't do that.我们有好几个理由不那样做。
[名师点津] situation, case, point，stage等表示“情况，方面”的名词后可接where 引导的定语从句。
I think you've got to the point where a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail.我认为你应该改变了，否则你会失败。
2．定语从句中关系词的选用方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。
如果是及物动词，就要用关系代词；如果是不及物动词，则要用关系副词。
This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year.这是我去年参观过的山村。
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年待过的山村。
方法二：准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
关系词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose)；关系词在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词(where作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语)。
3．that和which引导的定语从句的区别that和which都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语或宾语，但两者存在着不同：我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
When we talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes into our mind is the West Lake.我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。
集中演练11－1.用适当的关系词填空①This is the hotel where they stayed last month.②The factory that/which we'll visit next week is not far from here.③He is the man that/who lives next door.④They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.⑤I don't want to listen to any reason why you were absent.⑥Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?⑦Music is the only thing that interests me.1－2.单句改错⑧We will be shown around some places where visitors seldom go to.where→that⑨We talked about the persons and things which we c an remember.which→that10I will never forget those years that I lived in the countryside with the ○farmers.that→when⑪There comes a time which children need to learn more about first aid.which→when1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。
(1)根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词。
The witness to whom the policemen referred was killed last night.警察所提到的那个目击证人昨晚被杀了。
(2)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词。
I don't know the reason for which he was late for school.我不知道他为何上学迟到。
(3)根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。
2．“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom，不用that。
I'll never forget the day on which I joined the army.我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。
This is the pencil with which I draw pictures.这是我画画用的那支铅笔。
3．关系副词where, when, why可替换成“介词＋which”，介词取决于先行词及介词＋which在从句中的作用。
why只可替换for which。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.＝This is the house where I lived two years ago.这就是两年前我居住的那所房子。
4．“不定代词或数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句说明整体中的部分。
Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of whom wanted to buy it.上周只有两个人来看房子，他们两个人都不想买。
5．“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”可替换“whose＋名词”，引导定语从句。
The house the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windows were damaged has now been repaired.窗子遭破坏的那所房子现在已经修好了。
集中演练22－1.用适当的介词填空①We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.②Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.③The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.④I forgot the exact place in which I had hidden the box.⑤I still remember the days on which I helped my father on the farm.⑥Robert spent four years in college, during which time he learned law and medicine.2－2.用适当的关系词合并句子⑦ I'm very grateful to Mr. Zhang. I couldn't have been admitted to a key university without his encouragement.→I'm very grateful to Mr. Zhang, without_whose_encouragement I couldn't have been admitted to a key university.⑧ I made friends with Susan and Alice in that school. Susan and Alice were interested in astronomy.→I made friends with Susan and Alice in tha t school, both_of_whom were interested in astronomy.⑨ Have the police found Mrs. White? The gold ring belongs to Mrs. White.→Have the police found Mrs. White to_whom the gold ring belongs?⑩Anne paid a visit to Mr. Yang. She came across one of her univer sity classmates in Mr. Yang's office.→Anne paid a visit to Mr. Yang, in_whose_office she came across one of her university classmates.1．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别长城是中国人为之骄傲的建筑之一。
