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2023 年全国甲卷词汇整理1.desirable adj.值得拥有的，理想的；2.seemingly adv 看似，貌似；3.bottomless adj.无底的，深不可测的；4.well n.井；5.dining n .进餐；6.option n.选择；adj.optional 可供选择的7.rank v.把……分等级，属于某等级；8.branch n.分部，分支；9.flagship n. .旗舰店；10.colonial adj.殖民的；11.scene n.活动领域，圈子；12.serve v.提供/ 端上（饭菜等）；13.twist n 变化，改变；twists and turns 曲折14.progressive adj.进步的，先进的；15.twostory adj.两层（楼）的；16.right adv.正好，恰好；17.topclass adj.最优秀的，第一流的18.bine ... with 把……和……结合；19.be true to 忠实于……；20.make waves [非正式用语] 掀起波澜；21.a candlelit dinner 烛光晚餐；22.a set menu 套餐；23.in action 在工作；24.at one’s best 处于最佳状态；25.be based in 设在……；26.put on a play 上演戏剧te adj.已故的；28.acpany v 陪伴，陪同；29.heavily adv 在很大程度上，大量地；30.backbreaking adj.累断腰的，繁重的；31.deposit n.押金，订金；32.add v 补充说；33.personalise v.使（某物）符合某人的特定需求（personal + ise）；34.repaint v.给……重上油漆；35.charge n.费用，价钱；36.spend n.（为某目的或某段时间内的）花销，花费，开销；37.pioneer n 开拓者，先驱；38.treat n.招待，款待；39.furnish v 布置家具；40.split v.分担，分摊；分开；分裂；结束关系41.costly adj 昂贵的，价钱高的（近expensive）；42.timeconsuming adj.耗费时间的；43.seasonal adj.季节性的44.when it es to sth 在某方面，说到（做）某事；45.(be) skilled at sth 精于/ 擅长某事；46.piece together 拼合，拼凑（piece v 名词动化）；47.credit … to 把……归功于；48.reward sb with sth 奖励/ 奖赏某人某物；49.not much of a sth 算不上是某事；50.be a (great / big / tremendous / real) help (to sb) 帮了（某人）大忙；51.to start with 起初；52.heavily involved 积极参与的；53.put down flooring 铺地板；54.save sb / sth from (doing) sth 使……免于……；55.e to an end 结束，完结；56.put up张贴（布告、相片等）;搭建；留宿某人；举起57.cover up 完全盖住，掩饰；58.(be) likely to do sth 可能做某事；59.take on 决定做；60.make the most of 充分利用；61.get jobs done 把活儿做完；62.lead the charge 拼命做（某事）（词源义：带头冲锋）；63.take up a hobby 培养一项爱好；64.split sth with sb 与某人分摊某物；65.rental agreement 租赁协议；66.gain popularity 受到欢迎，开始流行67.copy n.（书、报纸等的）一本，一册，一份；68.kill v 扼杀，毁灭；69.reawaken v.勾起，唤起，再次引发（感情、回忆等）；70.frame v.(以某种方式）表达；勾勒出；制定71.read n [单数] 阅读，72.appealing adj.有吸引力的，令人感兴趣的；73.interpretation n.理解，解释，说明；74.sharp adj.深刻的；锋利的；陡峭的；尖锐的75.apparent adj.表面上的，显得……的；76.simplicity n.简单，容易；77.aging n.变老；adj.变老的78.offer n. 提议79.end result [常用单数] 最终结果；80.enter into 开始，参与；81.draw sb in 吸引某人；82.occupy v.占据；reoccupy v.重新占据；83.conflicted adj（因心理冲突）矛盾的；84.psyche n.精神，心灵；85.range n .范围，区域；86.expand v.扩大；expansion n.扩大87.sight v.（从很远处或经过一番寻找后）看到，发现；88.rough adj 粗略的，不确切的；89.alongside prep 与……一起；90.continuous adj 持续的；91.settler n.殖民者，移居者；92.mere adj [只用于名词前] 仅仅的；93.list v 把……列入正式名单；be listed as94.act n.法案；95.recovery n 恢复;康复96.delist v.从名单中删除（de + list）；97.loosen v.放宽（法律规定）（loose + en）；98.legal adj.法律规定的；illegal非法的99.overturn v.推翻（over + turn）；wsuit n.诉讼（law + suit）（= suit）；101.troublesome adj 令人烦恼的；102.attractant n.诱食剂（attract + ant）；103.campsite n.野营地；104.typically adv 通常，一般；105.fencing n 栅栏，围栏；106.quarter n.住处，住所（文中指动物的窝棚）；107.attractantfree adj.无诱食剂的；108.longtime adj.资深的；109.opposition n 反对；110.eback n.再度出现；重返111.voice n.意见，呼声；112.advocate n.拥护者；v.倡导113.flood into（大量地）涌入；114.frightening dream 噩梦；115.attempt to do sth 试图做某事；116.conservation group 保护组织；117.in search of 寻找118.mixed feelings 矛盾的心情；119.be of high value 有重大意义的；120.live in harmony with 与……和谐相处121.trick n 诀窍，技巧；tricky棘手的122.riddle n 迷，谜团；123.optimistic adj 乐观的；124.foster v 促进，培养；125.selfcontrol n.自制力，自我控制；126.instant adj 立即的，立刻的；127.psychology n.心理学；128.circumstance n.状况，环境；129.merely adv 仅仅，只不过；130.intolerable adj 无法忍受的，不能容忍的131.have sth in mon 有共同之处；132.have sth at one’s fingertips 手头有某物133.a whole lot (表示程度）……得多；134.be better off 更好；135.in the long run 从长远来看；136.get into the habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯；137.put off doing sth 推迟做某事；138.go for sth 选择某物，去取某物；139.apply … to 将……应用到……中去；140.have/hold the belief that … 相信/ 认为141.add up to 导致，意味着；加起来等于142.in a state of 处于……状态143.chug n（发动机的）突突声；144.misshapen adj. 畸形的，扭曲变形的；145.cloudy adj. (液体) 不清澈的，不透明的，浑浊的；146.square adj 正方形的，四方形的147.remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事148.gesture n.姿态；表示；手势v.做手势；用动作示意149.vague adj模糊的；不清楚的；不明确的150.shiny有光泽的;光亮的151.be cautious about 对......谨慎的152.in season当季153.on view展览中154.Make one’s way toward sb/sth朝着...方向前进155.take a walk 散步。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．tutor n．(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师2．cite v t.引用；引述3．messenger n．送信人；信使4．culture shock文化冲击5．zone n．(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域6．setting n．环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景7．tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的8．mature adj.成熟的9．boom v i.& n．迅速发展；繁荣10．perspective n．(思考问题的)角度；观点11．envoy n．使者；使节；代表12．outlook n．前景；可能性；观点13．belt n．腰带；地带14．initiative n．倡议；新方案15．Rome罗马(意大利首都)；(史)罗马城；罗马帝国16．the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议Ⅱ.记重点单词1．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的2．recall v t.& v i.记起；回想起3．firm n．公司；商行；事务所adj.结实的，坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的4．insight n．洞察力；眼光5．grasp v t.理解；领会；抓紧6．expense n．费用；花费；开销7．deny v t.否认；否定；拒绝8．gain v t.获得；赢得；取得；增加n．好处；增加9．angle n．角；角度；立场10．sincerely ad v.真诚地；诚实地11．budget n．预算12．outcome n．结果；效果Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．qualification n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→qualify v t.& v i.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的2．ambition n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的3．adaptation n．适应；改编本→adapt v t.(使)适应；改编4．comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸v t.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的5．participate v i.参加；参与→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者6．presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出→present v t.颁发；赠送；呈递n．礼物adj.现在的；出席的7．engage v i.参加；参与(活动) v t.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；(使)参加；吸引；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定8．involve v t.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与9．edition n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次→edit v t.编辑；剪辑→editor n．编辑；编者10．overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的→overwhelm v t.(常用于被动语态)使不知所措；压倒11．homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁→homesick adj.想家的；思乡的12．motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate v t.成为……的动机；激发；激励13．advisor n．(also -ser)顾问→advise v t.& v i.建议；劝告→advice n．建议；忠告14．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably ad v.有理地；合理地→reason n．原因；道理v i.推理v t.推断→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的15．expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect v t.预料；期望16．applicant n．申请人→apply v i.申请v t.应用；适用；涂；敷→application n．申请；申请书→app n．应用程序17．exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose v t.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)18．departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart v i.& v t.离开；启程；出发19．dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的→dramatically ad v.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地→drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件20．behave v t.表现v i.& v t.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止21．surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surround v t.包围；围绕22．depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress v t.使沮丧；使忧愁→depression n．沮丧；抑郁23．strengthen v i.& v t.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；优点24．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观主义25．competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的26．cooperate v i.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作27．logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→logically ad v.逻辑上地→logic n．逻辑(学)；道理Ⅳ.背核心短语1．participate in参加；参与2．speak up大声点说；明确表态3．feel at home舒服自在；不拘束4．engage in(使)从事；参与5．get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联6．comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围7．cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱8．side with支持；站在……的一边9．as far as I know据我所知10．as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来11．in summary总的来说；总之12．generally speaking一般来说1．independence n．独立independent adj.独立的；有主见的2．indicate v t.指示；表明3．industry n．产业4．influence n．& v t.影响5．informal adj.非正式的6．innocent adj.清白的；无辜的7．insert v t.插入8．inspect v t.检查；检验；审视1．It was the first time that she had left China.(It was the first time that＋过去完成时)这是她第一次离开中国。
外研版七年级上册新教材（讲义）Unit 4 Time to celebrate --单词表详细讲解unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 不平常的副词：unusually常用搭配：an unusual event (不寻常的事件)unusual behavior (异常行为)unusual talent (非凡的才能)例句：It's unusual for him to be late. (他迟到是很不寻常的。
)treat /triːt/ v. 请客，款待，招待三单形式：treats过去式：treated现在分词：treating常用搭配：treat someone to dinner (请某人吃晚餐) treat a wound (处理伤口)treat with respect (以尊重对待)例句：She treated us to a wonderful meal. (她请我们吃了一顿美味的饭。
)British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj. 英国的；英国人的常用搭配：British culture (英国文化)British accent (英国口音)British cuisine (英国料理)例句：He has a strong British accent. (他有浓重的英国口音。
)however /haʊˈevə/ adv. 然而，不过常用搭配：however hard (无论多么努力)however much (无论多少)however you like (随你喜欢)例句：However, he decided to stay. (然而，他决定留下。
)anything /ˈeniθɪŋ/ pron. 任何事物常用搭配：anything else (其他任何东西)if anything (如果有什么的话)hardly anything (几乎没有什么)例句：Do you need anything else? (你还需要别的什么吗？)myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我本人，我亲自，我自己常用搭配：by myself (我自己)for myself (为了我自己)to myself (对我自己)例句：I did it all by myself. (这完全是我自己做的。
Adapted from ClementsRound Table discussion groupsYou will be asked to research and lead a 1-hour small-group discussion amongst your classmates. Everyone will lead discussions on a variety of themes throughout the remainder of the semester. This assignment will be worth 30 points.What you discuss is up to you; you can choose any theme or idea that is related to the topic.Class before your presentation∙Provide instructor with an outline of what you plan to cover in your discussion.Day of class∙Spend 5-10 minutes exploring the topic as a class, including its history, importance in society, current controversies and discussions, etc.∙You may bring authentic sources (video clip, results of a survey you conducted with Americans, etc.) to further explain/expand on your topic.∙Provide handout with discussion questions to your classmates (either you can print enough copies of this on your own, or e-mail the handout to the instructor the night before and she will print the copies for you)∙Lead/facilitate the discussion with your group. You will not be a participant in this discussion; you will be the leader, and will be responsible for moderating the discussion, keeping it on topic, answering questions, and keeping conversation going.。
2023年新课标I 卷词汇汇总1.rental n. 租赁，出租（rent + al）2.guided tour n. 有导游的游览；3.economical adj. 经济的，实惠的；4. sustainable adj. 可持续的ndscape n. 风景，景色，地带；6.available adj 可用的，可得到的；7.cover v. 涵盖，包括；走完；够支付；覆盖；报道n.封面8.depart v . 出发，启程，离开9.(every hour) on the hour （每小时的）整点；10.f ishery n. 渔业，水产业（fish + ery）;11.t rap v. 吸收，留存；12.c hemical n. 化学品；13.f igure v （经过考虑后）认为，以为；14.e comachine n. 生态机器；15.s ubstance n. 物质；16.f iberglass n.玻璃纤维；17.t ank n. 箱，槽，罐；18.g reenhouselike adj. 像温室一样的；19.f acility n. 特殊装置20.e cological adj. 生态的；21.s pare part n. 配件，备用零件；22.o rganism n. 微生物，有机体23.s elfrepair n. 自行修复；24.r eview v 回顾，反思；25.a pplication n. 应用，运用；26.e rase v 消除，清除；27.diverse adj 不同的，多种多样的(n.diversity多样性)28.c lean up 清除（污染物）29.set (sb) a task 给（某人）布置任务/ 定下目标；30.r emove ... from 从……中除去/ 消除……；31.l ittle by little 慢慢地，逐渐地；32.g et used to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）某事；33.t ake on 承担（责任）；34.a n inquiring mind 好奇心，探究精神；35.l ong to do sth 渴望做某事long for sth 渴望...36.m inimalism n.极简主义；minimalist n .简约主义者；37.w ork v 奏效，起作用；38.p hilosophy n. 哲学，生活准则；39.p hilosophical adj 哲学的；40.i ncreasingly adv 越来越多地；41.i ntolerable adj 无法忍受的；42.o ptional adj.可选择的；option n.选择；选修课43.m assive adj 大量的；44.v alue v.重视，珍视(=v.treasure/cherish)；45.r un v.组织；发表；经营；使延伸；跑；进行46.e ncounter v. 遭遇（尤指问题）；47.m indless adj 毫无目标的，无须动脑筋的；48.p ractice n 实践，做法；49.a dvocate v. 提倡；n.拥护者；提倡者50.a ddon n. 附加物；51.c heckin n. 登记处；52.present v. 描述；赠与；颁发；提出；展现；53.t heoretical adj. 理论上的；54.s tatistical adj.统计学的；statistician n.统计学家（statistic + ian）；55.i dentify v. 找出；识别；确认；56.m ake the case for 为……阐明理由；57.g uide sb through 指导某人；58.c arry out 实施，执行；（carry out a survey）59.d raw on 利用；60.b e designed to do sth 目的是做某事；61.a ct on 根据……行事；62.v iew … as 将……看作；63.b e meant to do sth 旨在做某事；(be meant for sth.)64.b e aimed at 旨在，目的是；65.c ritical thinking 批判性思维；66.t heoretical models 理论模型67.i llustrate v. 说明，阐明；68.a verage n. 平均数；average v.算出…的平均数；69.e stimate n. 估算；估计70.accurate adj. 准确的；accuracy n.准确性71.classic adj. 经典的；n.经典作品；典范72.individual n.个人，个体；adj.个人的；单独的73.d ominant adj.首要的，占支配地位的；dominate74.r esponse n.反应；(v.respond 回答；回应)75.r eason v 思考，推理；reasoning n. 推理76.e normous adj. 巨大的；77.l ogic n.逻辑adj.logical逻辑的78.c onduct an experiment 做实验；79.c apitalize on 充分利用；80.m ake errors 犯错；81.tend to do sth 倾向于做某事；82.c ancel out 抵消，对消；83.in technical terms 用专业的术语来说；84.for whatever reasons 无论出于什么原因；85.get a better sense of 更好地了解；86. go with 同意，接受；87. capitalize v 把……大写，给……提供资金（capital + ize）；88.overestimate v 高估（over + estimate）；underestimate v & n 低估（under + estimate）；89.correlate v. （使）相互关联（cor + relate）；90. argument n. 论点，论据（argue + ment）；91. implications n.可能的影响/ 作用/ 结果（同根词：imply）；92.underlying adj.潜在的，根本的（under + lie + ing）；93.dismissive adj 轻蔑的，鄙视的94.approving adj.赞许的，赞成的(disapproving不同意的)95. followup adj 后续的（短语动词follow up 跟进，采取后续行动）；96.decisionmaking n. 决策97. put v.写;表达（as sb puts it正如某人所说）98. caring adj.关心他人的；99. take responsibility for sth 承担某事的责任；100. beat yourself up about sth 为某事过分自责；101. acts of kindness 善举；102. do the ironing 熨衣服；103. shine through （某种品质）显现出来；104. boost selfconfidence 增强自信心；105. go a long way 大有帮助；106. have a go at (doing) sth 尝试（做）某事107. course n.赛道；航线；课程；过程；一道菜；108.assess v . 评定，评价；109.discouraged adj.泄气的，失去信心的；110.a big deal n［口语］重要的/ 令人激动的事情或情况；It isn’t a big deal 没什么大不了111.meet n. 体育比赛，运动会；112. display n.(特性、情感或能力的）显示，表露113. pete in a crosscountry race 参加越野比赛；114.medical attention 医疗救治；115. struggle with / against 与… … 作斗争；116.make it to 到达… … ；117. win the day 最终获得胜利；118. bend down / over 弯下腰119. strategic adj 重要的，合适的，战略（性）的（strategy + ic）；120. a touch of 少许（a touch of sweetness微甜）121. by hand 用手;手工122. leave sb.doing sth使某人做某事（be left doing）leave使处于（某种状态）leave sb/sth+doing/done/to do/adj.ing结尾的名词：gardening园艺；ending结尾；结局；greeting 问候；feeling 感觉；beginning开始blessing祝福；幸事warning警告；提醒；预兆检测：1.（4）______________ adj. 可持续的2.(6)available adj ________________3.(3)economical adj. ________________4.(8)________________出发，启程，离开5.remove harmful substance from some sludge___6.(22)organism n._______________________7.(23)selfrepair n._____________________8.(32)get used to _____(live) in harmony with nature9.(34)an inquiring mind_________________10.(38)philosophy n. _________________11.(39)philosophical adj._________________12.(42)_________ adj.可选择的；_______ n.选择；选修课13.(49)_______ v.提倡；n.拥护者；提倡者14.(55) v.____________找出；识别；确认；15.(56)make the case for ___________________16.(59)draw on an experiment _____________17.(60)be designed ____(do) sth 目的是做某事；18.(61)act on ___________________19.(62)view … _____ 将……看作；20.(63)__________ (mean)旨在做某事；(be meant for sth.)21.(64)____________(aim) 旨在，目的是；22.(65)critical thinking _________________23.(66)theoretical models _______________24.(67)illustrate v. ___________________25.(68)average n. ______；average v._______26.(69)estimate n./v. _____________________overestimate________; underestimate______27.(70)accurate adj.________; _______ n.准确性28.(73)dominant adj.__________；dominate v.29.(75)reason v 思考，推理；reasoning n. 推理30.(76)enormous adj. 巨大的；31.(77)logic n._____ adj.logical_______32.(78)_________________ 做实验；33.(79)capitalize on______________________34.(80)________________________犯错；35.(81)_______________________倾向于做某事；36.(82)cancel out _________________________37.(85)______________________更好地了解；38.(92).underlying adj.______（under + lie + ing）；39.(93.)dismissive adj.____________________40.(94).________ adj.赞许的，赞成的(________不同意的) n.approval41.99. _________________ 承担某事的责任；42.100. beat yourself up about sth_________43.102. _________________熨衣服；44.用手；手工________________45.少许____________; medical attention____46.leave me ______(want) more47..a big deal _________; a great deal of 大量的。
第1篇Subheading: Local English Teachers Gather for a Weekend of Learning and CollaborationCity, Date: - The vibrant city of [City Name] witnessed a burst of educational energy as local English teachers converged for a weekend of learning and collaboration at the annual Spring教研 Activity. Held atthe prestigious [Institution Name], the event was a testament to the commitment of educators in the community to enhance their teaching methodologies and student learning outcomes.Introduction:The Spring教研 Activity, a much-anticipated event in the calendar of [City Name]'s educational community, was kicked off with a welcoming address by the esteemed [Institution Name] principal, [Principal's Name]. "Spring is a season of renewal and growth," [Principal's Name] said, "and today, we gather to renew our dedication to teaching and to foster growth in our students' language skills."Day 1: The Opening Ceremony and Keynote SpeechThe first day of the activity began with a festive opening ceremony, where participants were greeted with warm smiles and a sense of camaraderie. The ceremony was followed by a keynote speech delivered by [Keynote Speaker's Name], a renowned expert in English language teaching and curriculum development."Language is not just a tool for communication," [Keynote Speaker's Name] emphasized, "it is a bridge to understanding different cultures and perspectives. As educators, it is our responsibility to equip our students with the skills to navigate this bridge with confidence and curiosity."Workshops and Interactive SessionsThe heart of the Spring教研 Activity was the array of workshops and interactive sessions designed to cater to the diverse needs of English teachers. Here are some highlights:1. "Innovative Teaching Techniques for Engaging Students": Led by [Workshop Leader's Name], this workshop focused on practical strategies to make English classes more interactive and engaging. Participants were encouraged to try out new activities such as gamified learning, project-based learning, and flipped classrooms.2. "Technology Integration in English Language Teaching": In an age where technology is ubiquitous, this session explored how to effectively integrate digital tools into English lessons. Teachers were introduced to various apps and platforms that could enhance their teaching and student learning.3. "Cultural Competence in English Classrooms": Recognizing the importance of cultural sensitivity in language learning, this workshop provided insights into how to create inclusive classrooms that celebrate diversity and promote cross-cultural understanding.4. "Assessment and Feedback Techniques": This session delved into effective assessment methods and provided guidance on how to provide constructive feedback that encourages student growth.Day 2: Peer Collaboration and Roundtable DiscussionsOn the second day, the focus shifted to peer collaboration and roundtable discussions. Teachers were divided into groups based on their teaching level and expertise, allowing for meaningful and targeted interactions.1. "Teacher-Led Roundtable Discussions": Participants engaged in in-depth discussions on various topics, including classroom management, curriculum development, and student motivation. These sessions provided a platform for sharing experiences and finding common ground in challenges faced by educators.2. "Mentorship Sessions": Experienced teachers were paired with newer educators to provide guidance and support. These mentorship sessions were invaluable in fostering professional growth and networking.Conclusion:As the Spring教研 Activity drew to a close, participants reflected on the knowledge gained and the connections made over the weekend. "This event has been a fantastic opportunity to learn from my peers and to think about my teaching in new ways," said [Teacher's Name], a participant from [School Name]. "I feel more equipped to face the challenges of the upcoming school year."The Spring教研 Activity was not just a celebration of teaching and learning but also a commitment to ongoing professional development. As the educators left [Institution Name], they carried with them a renewed spirit and a shared vision for excellence in English education.For More Information:For further details on the Spring教研 Activity or to inquire about future events, please contact [Contact Name] at [Institution Name] or visit our website at [Website URL].End of Release第2篇Date: March 15, 2023Location: The Grand Convention Center, Greenfield CityContact: [Your Name], [Your Position], [Your Contact Information]Greenfield City, March 15, 2023 – The English Language Teaching (ELT) community gathered in the heart of Greenfield City for a three-day Spring Fling conference, a celebration of innovation, collaboration, and the art of language education. The event, which drew educators, researchers, and enthusiasts from across the nation, was a testament to the dynamic growth and commitment to excellence in the field of English language teaching.Opening Remarks and Keynote AddressThe conference was officially opened by Dr. Elizabeth Thompson, a renowned ELT expert and the president of the National Association for English Language Teaching (NAELT). Dr. Thompson emphasized theimportance of fostering a love for language and culture in students, highlighting the role of teachers in shaping global citizens."In a world that is increasingly interconnected, the ability to communicate effectively in English is not just a skill but a passport to opportunities," Dr. Thompson said. "Today, we gather to share our knowledge, exchange ideas, and inspire each other to continue the noble work of teaching English."The keynote address was delivered by Dr. Michael Johnson, a professor of applied linguistics at the University of English Studies. Dr. Johnson's talk, titled "The Future of English Language Teaching: Embracing Technology and Globalization," explored the impact of emerging technologies on language learning and the need for educators to adapt to a rapidly changing landscape.Workshops and Panel DiscussionsThe conference featured a wide array of workshops and panel discussions, each designed to address the latest trends and challenges in English language teaching. Among the highlights were:- "Flipping the Classroom: Integrating Technology into Traditional Teaching Methods" – This workshop explored how teachers can effectively use technology to enhance classroom learning experiences.- "Cultural Competence in the ELT Classroom" – A panel discussion that examined the importance of cultural awareness and sensitivity in teaching English to a diverse student population.- "Assessment in the ELT Classroom" – A workshop focused on best practices for designing and implementing assessments that accurately measure student progress.Participants had the opportunity to engage in hands-on activities, network with fellow educators, and gain insights from experts in the field.Innovative Teaching MethodsOne of the standout sessions was a workshop led by Mr. David Lee, an award-winning English teacher from New York City. Mr. Lee demonstrated his innovative approach to teaching, which incorporates storytelling, music, and drama to make learning English engaging and fun."Language is not just about words and grammar; it's about emotion and connection," Mr. Lee said. "By tapping into our students' creativity, we can help them develop a genuine passion for the language."Student-Led SessionsFor the first time, the Spring Fling conference included sessions led by students. These sessions showcased the creative projects and research conducted by young language learners, highlighting their achievements and contributions to the field.Closing Remarks and AwardsThe conference concluded with a closing ceremony that honored the best presentations and workshops. Awards were presented to the following individuals and organizations:- Best Workshop: "Flipping the Classroom: Integrating Technology into Traditional Teaching Methods"- Best Panel Discussion: "Cultural Competence in the ELT Classroom"- Best Student-Led Session: "Our Global Voices"- Outstanding Contribution to ELT: Dr. Emily Wang, University of Southern CaliforniaDr. Thompson delivered the closing remarks, emphasizing the importance of continued learning and professional development in the field of English language teaching."Today, we have witnessed the power of collaboration and the spirit of innovation," Dr. Thompson said. "Let us take these ideas back to our classrooms and continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in English language teaching."ConclusionThe Spring Fling conference was a resounding success, providing a platform for educators to connect, learn, and inspire each other. As the ELT community looks forward to the next gathering, it is clear that the future of English language teaching is bright and filled with endless possibilities.第3篇[City, Date] - [School Name], a beacon of educational excellence in [City], recently hosted a vibrant and enlightening English Language教研activity. The event, held amidst the blossoming spring season, aimed to foster collaboration, share innovative teaching methods, and enhance the overall quality of English education within the school community.The教研活动, which spanned two days, was attended by a diverse group of educators, including teachers, administrators, and language experts from across the region. The event was marked by a spirit of enthusiasm and a commitment to continuous professional development.Opening Remarks and Welcome AddressThe教研活动 was officially opened by the esteemed Principal of [School Name], [Principal's Name], who highlighted the importance of English language education in the globalized world. "In an era where communication transcends borders, the ability to fluently speak and understand English is not just a skill but a necessity," Principal [Principal's Name] stated. "Today's教研活动 is a testament to our dedication to nurturing linguistic proficiency and cultural understanding among our students."Workshops and SessionsThe first day of the教研 activity was dedicated to a series of workshops, each focusing on different aspects of English language teaching. The workshops were designed to be interactive and practical, allowing participants to engage in hands-on activities and discuss various teaching strategies.1. "Innovative Approaches to Reading and Writing"The session on reading and writing was led by Dr. [Speaker's Name], a renowned linguist and literacy expert. Dr. [Speaker's Name] emphasized the importance of fostering a love for literature and writing among students. The workshop included activities such as "Book Talks" and "Creative Writing Prompts," which aimed to inspire creativity andcritical thinking.2. "Technology in the Classroom"Technology has become an integral part of modern education, and the session on technology explored how it can be effectively integrated into English language teaching. Participants were introduced to various apps and online platforms that can enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.3. "Fluency and Pronunciation"Fluency and pronunciation are crucial components of language learning. The session focused on practical techniques to improve these skills, including tongue twisters, phonetic exercises, and role-playing scenarios.Keynote Speeches and Panel DiscussionsThe second day of the教研 activity featured keynote speeches by leading experts in the field of English language education. The speeches were followed by panel discussions, where participants had the opportunity to ask questions and share their insights."The Role of English in the 21st Century"Dr. [Keynote Speaker's Name], a professor of English and international relations, delivered a powerful keynote speech on the globalsignificance of English. Dr. [Keynote Speaker's Name] highlighted the importance of cultural competence and language skills in the global job market and emphasized the need for educators to prepare students for the challenges of the future."Engaging Students in the English Classroom"A panel discussion moderated by Dr. [Panel Moderator's Name] brought together educators from different backgrounds to share their experiences and best practices. The panelists discussed various methods to engage students, such as project-based learning, collaborative tasks, and student-led discussions.Networking and CollaborationThe教研活动 provided an excellent opportunity for educators to network and collaborate. Informal gatherings and breaks allowed participants to share ideas, discuss challenges, and build lasting professional relationships.Closing Remarks and AwardsThe event concluded with a ceremony to recognize the outstanding contributions of teachers and staff. Awards were presented toindividuals who had demonstrated exceptional dedication to English language education.ConclusionThe springtime English Language教研活动 at [School Name] was a resounding success. It not only served as a platform for knowledge sharing and professional growth but also reinforced the school's commitment to excellence in education. As the participants left the event, they were filled with inspiration and a renewed sense of purpose, ready to implement new strategies and techniques in their classrooms. The blossoming spring flowers seemed to symbolize the potential for growth and transformation that the event had sparked within the hearts of all who attended.。
Competition adj. competitive竞争的competing相互矛盾的adv. competitively有竞争力地n. competitor竞争者，对手vi. compete竞争；比赛；对抗Will you judge at the swimming competition next week做评委Sake n. 目的；利益；理由；日本米酒for any sake 无论如何for God's (或Christ's, goodness', gosh, heaven's, mercy's, pity's) sake [口语][用于加强语气]天哪，哎呀；看在上帝份for old time's sake 看在老交情的athlete adj. athletic运动的，体格健壮的n. athleticism竞技热；运动竞赛I was no athlete. 我完全不是运动型的人。
Sacrifice n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售vi. 献祭；奉献V-T To sacrifice an animal or person means to kill them in a special religious ceremony as an offering to a god. 献祭The priest sacrificed a chicken. 牧师献祭了一只鸡。
2.N-COUNT祭品...anim al sacrifices to the gods. …献给众神的动物祭品。
3.V-T If you sacrifice something that is valuable or important, you give it up, usually to obtain something else for yourself or for other people. 舍弃; 牺牲She sacrificed family life to her career. 她为了她的事业牺牲了家庭生活。
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校 Unit 24 Society写作句型锤炼核心句型升级先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心假定你是李华，你所喜爱的Global Mirror 周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。
请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：1.说明你是该报的忠实读者。
2.赞赏该报优点：(1)兼顾国内外新闻；(2)介绍名人成功故事。
3.提出建议：刊登指导英语学习的文章。
注意：1.词数100 左右，开头语已为你写好；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor-in-Chief，Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!Sincerely yours，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Editor-in-Chief，Congratulations__on__the__5th__anniversary__of__Global__Mirror!I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons. First, it covers both national and international news so that, by simply turning the pages, I can learn all important things that have happened during the week.Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people, which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.As a young student, I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning, an d ① work hard，and you’ll do better.② I sincerely hope that it will become even more popular.Sincerely__yours，Li__Hua后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来►根据句①仿写1.留神脚下，不然你会掉进水里的。
选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Launching Your Career主题语境：人与自我(职业规划)【话题词汇】1.appoint v. 任命，委任2.dismiss v. 解雇3.hire v t. 雇用；租用4.remend v t. 推荐5.promote v. 晋升；促进6.undertake v t. 承担；从事7.train v t. 培训；训练8.easy-going adj. 随和的9. well-paid adj. 薪水高的10.vacant adj. 空缺的11.skilled adj. 熟练的；有技能的12.certificate n. 证书13.outspoken adj. 直言的，坦诚的14.part-time adj. 兼职的15 petent adj. 能胜任的16.diligent adj. 勤奋的17.awarding adj. 有回报的18.considerate adj. 考虑周到的19.responsibility n. 责任，负责20.welfare n. 幸福；福利21.salary n. 工资；薪水22.ine n. 收入；所得23.unemployment n. 失业【话题短语】1.apply for 申请2.voluntary work 志愿者工作3.devote a bit of one's time to... 为……抽出一点时间4.show kindness 表达善意5.working experience 工作经验6.be qualified/fit for 适合，胜任7.take on 雇用；承担8.graduate from 毕业于获得晋升10.have a talent for... 有……才能11.have a good mand of 精通；通晓anisational ability 组织能力13 munication skills 交流技能14.have an advantage over... 比……有优势15.make preparations for... 为……做准备16.get along well with... 与……相处得好【话题佳句】1.And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association. 我写信是为了申请成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者。
Unit 1 food matters1.Food is as fundamental to man as the people are to the state. Fundamental adj. 基础的，根本的2.Read a magazine article about comfort food.3.Read three blog entries about traditional foods.Entry n. 入口；参赛作品；参与进入；词条，账目，记录4.Each country has its typical food.It is typical of sb to do sth.5.Fish and chips consists of deep-fried fish and potato chips.Consist of 不用被动6.Sushi is popular partly because of its freshness and convenience.7.A taco is made up of fish or wheat pancake rolled around a filling.Be made up of =be composed of 用被动8.Pasta from Italy is typically made from flour and water.Reading ---comfort food1.Foods have an impact on ...2.Whenever i feel lonely, i have a secret recipe that never fails.3.No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits.心情很好in a good mood (没)有做某事的心情be (not) in the mood to do sth.A与B的结合a combination of A and B = a mix of A and B→v. combine (使)结合，(使)组合把A和B结合起来combine A with B4.The smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to sunny childhood.Do the trick 奏效，起作用达到目的5.With pleasure, i remember the lazy Sunday afternoon i used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding.flat n. 公寓adj. 瘪的，平的6.I take my time over every spoonful, gently rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk.A spoonful of 一勺。
Using RSS to support mobile learning based on media richness theory Original Research ArticleComputers & Education , Volume 55, Issue 2, September 2010,Pages 723-732Yu-Feng Lan, Yang-Siang SieShow preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesPurchase $ 24.9579 Radio resource management in emerging heterogeneous wireless networks Original ResearchArticleComputer Communications , In Press, Corrected Proof ,Available online 21 February 2010Kandaraj Piamrat, Adlen Ksentini, Jean-Marie Bonnin,César VihoShow preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesPurchase $ 41.9580 The fish embryo toxicity test as an animal alternative method in hazard and risk assessment and scientificresearch Review ArticleAquatic Toxicology , Volume 97, Issue 2, 15 April 2010,Pages 79-87Michelle R. Embry, Scott E. Belanger, Thomas A. Braunbeck, Malyka Galay-Burgos, Marlies Halder, David E. Hinton, Marc A. Léonard, Adam Lillicrap, TeresaNorberg-King, GrahamWhaleShow preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesPurchase $ 31.5081 CorpWiki: A self-regulating wiki to promote corporate collective intelligence through expert peermatching Original Research ArticleInformation Sciences , Volume 180, Issue 1, 2 January2010,Pages 18-38Ioanna Lykourentzou, Katerina Papadaki, Dimitrios J. Vergados, Despina Polemi, Vassili Loumos Close preview | Related articles |Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractOne of the main challenges that organizations face nowadays, is the efficient use of individual employee intelligence, through machine-facilitatedunderstanding of the collected corporate knowledge, to develop their collectivePurchase $ 37.95intelligence. Web 2.0 technologies, like wikis, can be used to address the above issue. Nevertheless, their application in corporate environments is limited, mainly due to their inability to ensure knowledge creation and assessment in a timely and reliable manner. In this study we propose CorpWiki, a self-regulating wiki system for effective acquisition of high-quality knowledge content. Inserted articles undergo a quality assessment control by a large number of corporate peer employees. In case the quality is inadequate, CorpWiki uses a novel expert peer matching algorithm (EPM), based on feed-forward neural networks, that searches the human network of the organization to select the most appropriate peer employee who will improve the quality of the article. Performance evaluation results, obtained through simulation modeling, indicate that CorpWiki improves the final quality levels of the inserted articles as well as the time and effort required to reach them. The proposed system, combiningmachine-learning intelligence with the individual intelligence of peer employees, aims to create new inferences regarding corporate issues, thus promoting the collective organizational intelligence.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Relevant literature3. Description of the proposed CorpWiki system3.1. CorpWiki terminology3.2. CorpWiki functionality3.3. Expert peer matching using feed-forward neural networks3.3.1. Strengths and limitations of using FFNNs on the specific problem3.4. CorpWiki policies3.5. CorpWiki use case on risk management3.5.1. Description of the CorpWiki risk management application3.5.1.1. Classification module3.5.1.2. User interaction module3.5.1.3. Risk level calculation module3.5.1.4. Recommendation module3.5.1.5. Cooperation measuring module3.5.1.6. Alert generation module4. Performance evaluation4.1. Simulation model design4.1.1. Real-World Generator4.1.1.1. Person4.1.1.2. Article4.1.2. CorpWiki system model4.1.2.1. Person profile4.1.2.2. Article profile4.1.2.3. Expert peer matching algorithm4.1.2.4. Contributor selection policy4.1.2.5. Article acceptance policy4.2. Simulation results4.2.1. Simulation configuration4.2.2. Examined scenarios4.2.2.1. Scenario 1. Independent variable: article quality threshold 4.2.2.2. Scenario 2. Independent variable: number of revisions 4.2.2.3. Scenario 3. Independent variable: p-value4.2.2.4. Scenario 4. Considering the quality of the reviewers4.2.2.5. Scenario 5. Dynamic reviewer number calculation4.2.2.6. Scenario 6. Density of the contribution matrix5. Issues for further consideration5.1. Aging of articles5.2. Profiles of new users5.3. Topic classification5.4. Related domains5.5.Enhancing CorpWiki with semantic capabilities5.6. Global vs. local wiki quality5.7. Negative review changes5.8. Motivating users to participate6. ConclusionReferences82 Cost modelling techniques for availability type service support contracts: A literature review and empiricalstudy Original Research ArticleCIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology , Volume 3, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 142-157Partha P. Datta, Rajkumar Roy Close preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractThe traditional distinction between manufacturing and services, both in relationto products and indeed, the actual companies themselves, is getting blurred.Increasingly services are becoming a major part of the company offerings inmanufacturing sector. In order to compete in a transformed environment,companies need to assess the cost of their service offerings properly to staycompetitive. The research in this paper is focused on enhancing existingknowledge in cost estimation models for availability type support servicecontracts that focus on equipment availability targets and predefined servicelevels. Most of the current studies concentrate on product cost estimation ratherthan on services. The difficulty of this task lies in properly estimating the costs ofactivities during the long lasting contracts, which in some cases may reach evenseveral decades. The paper first reports the existing knowledge in costestimating techniques through detailed review of literature and presents the keyPurchase$ 31.50cost assessment techniques that can be used in estimating the cost of service contracts over its entire life-cycle. The paper investigates different availability type support contracts in defence sector and reports the cost assessment techniques used in practice. The paper presents an integrated framework for costing availability type service contracts based on the literature and practice. The gaps in cost modelling of availability type service contracts and areas for further research are identified.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Life-cycle perspective of PSS2.1.1. Design2.1.2. Delivery2.1.3. Adaptation3. Primary cost estimation techniques3.1. Product cost estimation techniques3.1.1. Qualitative techniques3.1.2. Quantitative techniques3.2. Service cost estimation techniques3.2.1. Top-down costing3.2.2. Bottom up costing/activity-based costing3.2.3. Mixed approach3.2.4. Analogy-based estimates3.2.5. Extrapolation based on expert opinion3.3. Performance-based industrial service contract cost3.4. Summary4. Availability-based contracts4.1. Case examples4.2. Information inputs to the cost model4.3. Commonly adopted practices4.3.1. Bottom up costing4.3.2. Modelling what-if scenarios4.3.3. Top-down and bottom up4.3.4. End-to-end estimating4.3.5. Top-down estimates4.3.6. Analogy-based parametric estimates4.3.7. Joint cost model4.4. Generic process of cost estimation for availability type service contracts5. Discussion5.1. The cost assessment framework for availability type service contracts5.2. Relating the cost modelling methods to the PSS model6. Challenges and areas for improvement6.1. Consideration of customer-focused risks6.2. Consideration of uncertainties6.3. Accuracy6.3.1. Activity profile accuracy6.3.2. New equipment cost estimates6.3.3. Reliance on experts6.3.4. Information accuracy6.4. Communication6.4.1. Communication with customers6.4.2. Communication within own organisation6.4.3. Relationships with supplier7. ConclusionAcknowledgementsAppendix A. AppendixReferences83A knowledge-oriented meta-framework for integratingsensor network infrastructures Original Research Article Computers & Geosciences, Volume 35, Issue 4, April 2009,Pages 809-819Nafaâ Jabeur, James D. McCarthy, Xitao Xing, Phil A.GranieroClose preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractIn this paper, we describe a meta-framework that helps guide development ofsensor network (SN) cyberinfrastructure in a way that enables emerging sensor infrastructures, including advances in sensor hardware, communication,monitoring applications, and knowledge representation, to interoperate. Thisframework is guided by the DAST principle. That is, the overall goal of any SN infrastructure is essentially the same: to acquire the right Data from the rightArea using the right Sensors at the right Time. In conformity with this principle,our meta-framework integrates SN infrastructures along axes related to theanswers to five questions: Why has processing been requested? What are thegoals of the processing? Where is it carried out? How is it carried out? And,when will the results be provided? The infrastructure components are integratedby using various data standards and technologies currently available fromvarious SN research groups, and mapping them to an overarchingknowledge-based meta-framework. In concrete terms, we show in this paperhow four distinct sensor technology projects under development in our researchlab are used to fit these five axes of SN infrastructure and how they can beindirectly integrated through the use of software agent-based tools, whichembody the meta-framework: an ontology-based decision support system thatapplies models of SN infrastructure to its evaluation techniques; SNconfiguration tools that enable network configurations to be exported intocommon geospatial standards; a transformation engine that converts these SNPurchase$ 19.95configurations, along with collected data, into a representation that meshes with our infrastructure models so that they may be used within our decision support environment; and a Virtual SN to handle many of the management and control aspects of SNs.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Knowledge requirements for a SN cyberinfrastructure3. Meta-framework models3.1. Sensor network model3.2. Phenomena model3.3. Measures/results model3.4. Geographic space model4. Operational infrastructure4.1. Sensor network: IWTS4.2. Decision support: REASON4.3. Network-decision support bridge: ENGINE4.4. General performance5. Towards an integrated meta-infrastructure5.1. A Virtual Sensor Network (VSN)5.2. Knowledge-based interoperability and leveraged infrastructure6. ConclusionAcknowledgementsReferences84Developing a common strategy for integrative globalenvironmental change research and outreach: the EarthSystem Science Partnership (ESSP)Review ArticleCurrent Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Volume 1,Issue 1, October 2009, Pages 4-13Rik Leemans, Ghassem Asrar, Antonio Busalacchi, JosepPurchase$ 31.50Canadell, John Ingram, Anne Larigauderie, Harold Mooney, Carlos Nobre, Anand Patwardhan, Martin Rice, Falk Schmidt, Sybil Seitzinger, Hassan Virji, Charles Vörösmarty, Oran YoungClose preview | Supplementary content | Related articles | Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesThe Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) was established in 2001 by four global environmental change (GEC) research programmes: DIVERSITAS, IGBP, IHDP and WCRP. ESSP facilitates the study of the Earth's environment as an integrated system in order to understand how and why it is changing, and to explore the implications of these changes for global and regional sustainability. Joint research projects on carbon dynamics, food, water and health have been established. As a result of an independent review, the ESSP developed a new strategy that will provide an internationally coordinated and holistic approach to Earth system science. The approach integrates natural and social sciences from regional to the global scale. The mainstay of the ESSP is to identify and define Earth system science challenges, enable integrative research to address these challenges, and build scientific capacity. The GEC research community also faces an increasing challenge to present research results in more accessible and informative ways to stakeholders, especially to policy-makers. In response, the ESSP is developing new services that include knowledge products, Earth system science fora, a synthesis journal and interdisciplinary collaborative research. Coping with GEC is an enormous challenge and one the world must respond to successfully. Our common goal is, therefore, to develop the essential knowledge base needed to respond effectively and quickly to the great challenge of GEC.Article OutlineThe science of global environmental changeRationale for an integrative Earth System Science PartnershipEarth System Science PartnershipKey tasks of the ESSPIdentifying and defining Earth system science challenges Enable researchInform societyBuild capacityResponding to societal challengesKnowledge productsForumSynthesis journalCollaborative researchThe Way ForwardReferences and recommended reading Supplementary dataReferences85 Context-aware decision support in knowledge-intensive collaborative e-Work Original Research ArticleProcedia Computer Science, Volume 1, Issue 1, May 2010, Pages 2281-2290Obinna Anya, Hissam Tawfik, Atulya Nagar, Saad AminClose preview | PDF (945 K) | Related articles | Related reference work articles Abstract | ReferencesAbstractIn organisation-based work groups, experts often approach problem solving by combining explicit domain knowledge and information with their practice-based knowledge in ways that are largely driven by their specific work context. In collaborative ework, such common grounds for decision making offered by a shared work context hardly exist. Designing context-aware systems to support decision making in collaborative e-work, thus, poses a huge challenge because of the inherent difficulty in establishing a shared context of workand users adequate for supporting cohesive collaboration and knowledge sharing among experts across organisational and geographical boundaries. To address this problem, this paper proposes a framework, which incorporates an explicit model of context between the domain model of an application and the activity landscapes of various individuals, workgroups and organisations collaborating across borders, and between these landscapesand the knowledge resource space model in an intelligent ubiquitous environment. Weargue that an explicit context model will enable a clearer understanding of the way expertsintegrate knowledge during problem solving, and thus provide common grounds for decisionmaking and knowledge sharing during collaborative e-work. We demonstrate how a systembased on our proposed model can be applied to support the reactive, collaborative andproactive modes of decision support in collaborative e-work.86Prediction of student’s mood duri ng an online testusing formula-based and neural network-basedmethod Original Research ArticleComputers & Education, Volume 53, Issue 3, November2009, Pages 644-652Christos N. Moridis, Anastasios A. EconomidesClose preview | Related articles |Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractBuilding computerized mechanisms that will accurately, immediately andcontinually recognize a learner’s affective state and activate an appropriateresponse based on integrated pedagogical models is becoming one of the mainaims of artificial intelligence in education. The goal of this paper is todemonstrate how the various kinds of evidence could be combined so as tooptimize inferences about affective states during an online self-assessment test.A formula-based method has been developed for the prediction of students’mood, and it was tested using data emanated from experiments made with 153high school students from three different regions of a European country. Thesame set of data is analyzed developing a neural network method. Furthermore,Purchase$ 24.95the formula-based method is used as an input parameter selection module for the neural network method. The results vindicate to a great degree the formula-based method’s assumptions about student’s mood and indicate that neural networks and conventional algorithmic methods should not be in competition but complement each other for the development of affect recognition systems. Moreover, it becomes apparent that neural networks can provide an alternative for and improvements over tutoring systems’ affect recognition methods.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Formula-based method and experimental process2.1. Experiment process2.1.1. System architecture2.1.2. Participants2.1.3. Materials2.1.4. Procedure and data collection methodology3. Neural network-based method3.1. A brief introduction to neural networks3.2. Software3.3. Proposed neural network3.3.1. Stage 13.3.2. Stage 24. Results5. Discussion6. ConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferences87 Conference Statement: Summary of the Expert Segment Original Research ArticleProcedia Environmental Sciences, Volume 1, 2010, Pages 4-26Close preview | PDF (314 K) | Related articles | Related reference work articles AbstractSummaryIn the 21st Century, the peoples of the world are facing multi-faceted challenges of climate variability and climate change, which requires wise and well-informed decision-making at every level from households, communities, countries and regions, to international fora, including the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Those decisions will require, directly or indirectly, access to the best possible climate science and information, and effective application of this information through climate services.The first two World Climate Conferences in 1979 and 1990 laid the foundation for building research and observational activities to understand the nature of the climate challenges and to provide the scientific bases for developing the comprehensive and sound climate services that are now being sought by all countries and in virtually every sector of society. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and its partners convened World Climate Conference-3 (WCC-3) to provide nations with the opportunity to jointly consider an appropriate global framework for climate services over the coming decades that would help ensure that every country and every climate-sensitive sector of society is well equipped to access and apply the growing array of climate prediction and information services made possible by recent and emerging developments in international climate science and technology.The purpose of the Expert Segment of WCC-3 was to engage a wide cross-section of climate scientists, expert providers of climate information and the users of climate information and services in a wide-ranging discussion on the essential elements of a new Global Framework for Climate Services for consideration by the High-level Segment of the Conference.The 200 speakers and 1500 participants in the Expert Segment:• reviewed the various elements of the shared challenge facing the climate service provider and user communities;• considered the needs and capabilities for applying climate information in keyclimate-sensitive sectors, as well as for – social and economic benefits;• examined the scientific basis for climate information and prediction services;• were advised on the needs and perspectives of a number of scientific, environmental and socioeconomic groups and organisations;• were informed of the experience of a wide range of countries and climate-sensitive sectors in the implementation of climate services;• concluded that:– Great scientific progress has been made especially through the World Climate Programme and its associated activities over the past 30 years, which provides already a firm basis for the delivery of a wide range of climate services; but that– Present capabilities to provide effective climate services fall far short of meeting present and future needs and of delivering the full potential benefits, particularly in developing countries;– The most urgent need is for much closer partnerships between the providers and users of climate services; and– Major new and strengthened research efforts are required to increase the time-range and skill of climate prediction through new research and modelling initiatives; and to improve the observational basis for climate prediction and services, and the availability and qualitycontrol of climate data;• called for major strengthening of the essential elements of a global framework for climate services:– The Global Climate Observing System and all its components and associated activities;and provision of free and unrestricted exchange and access to climate data;– The World Climate Research Programme, underpinned by adequate computing resourcesand increased interaction with other global climate relevant research initiatives.– Climate services information systems taking advantage of enhanced existing national andinternational climate service arrangements in the delivery of products, includingsector-oriented information to support adaptation activities;– Climate user interface mechanisms focussed on building linkages and integratinginformation, at all levels, between the providers and users of climate services; and– Efficient and enduring capacity building through education, training, and strengthenedoutreach and communication.• supported the development of the proposed Global Framework for Climate Services.– The WCC-3 Sponsoring Agencies agreed, therefore, that the essential findings of theExpert Segment, as summarised in this Statement, should be transmitted to the High-levelSegment of the Conference for the information of delegates and other Conferenceparticipants; and referred to their individual and joint executive and co-ordination bodies forfollow-up action, in particular, in the context of the UN Chief Executives’ Board (CEB)initiative on the UN System Delivering as One on Climate Knowledge.88Business ecosystem strategies of mobile networkoperators in the 3G era: The case of ChinaMobile Original Research ArticleTelecommunications Policy, Volume 35, Issue 2, March Purchase2011, Pages 156-171$ 31.50 Jing Zhang, Xiong-Jian LiangClose preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractIn order to define the mobile network operators' strategies of building valuenetwork in the 3G era, this paper applies the ecosystem principles to the mobile industry through a China Mobile case study. Based on an analytical frameworkof such principles, this paper reviews China Mobile's ecosystem, and identifiesits success factors and problems. The results indicate that a completeecosystem, where mobile network operators collaborate closely withvalue-added service providers, content/application providers, equipment anddevice manufacturers, and other involved organizations, can promote the development of mobile data services substantially. Therefore, mobile network operators should play a central role in the ecosystem by managing the entirevalue-chain and setting up proper value-sharing mechanisms. However, whiledoing so, problems may arise because of regulatory issues and information asymmetry. High-value common assets, a centralized management system,partner selection schemes and continuous innovations are important success factors.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Background2.1. The 3G transition of the mobile communications industry2.2. The mobile service market in China and China Mobile3. Theoretical foundation and analytical framework3.1. Business ecosystem and ecosystem strategy3.2. The business ecosystem around a mobile network operator3.3. An analytical framework for assessing a keystone strategy 3.3.1. Implementation process review3.3.2. Assessment of effectiveness4. Case analysis: the keystone strategy of China Mobile4.1. The common assets: China Mobile's Monternet4.2. Network upgrade and service innovation4.3. Value creation process management4.3.1. The open mode and problems4.3.2. The semi-open mode and centralized management system4.3.3. Collusion?4.4. Value sharing4.4.1. Value sharing with SPs4.4.2. Value sharing with CPs4.5. Shape the external network4.5.1. Classify the SPs4.5.2. Connect more players4.5.3. A master SP? Be a dominator?4.6. The effectiveness of China Mobile's strategy5. Findings: success factors and problems6. ConclusionsReferences89Harmonizing technology with interaction in blendedproblem-based learning Original Research ArticleComputers & Education, Volume 54, Issue 2, February2010, Pages 350-359Roisin DonnellyClose preview | Related articles | Related reference work articlesAbstract | Figures/Tables | ReferencesAbstractPurchase$ 24.95This paper discusses the harmonizing role of technology and interaction in a qualitative study on blended problem-based learning within the context of academic development in higher education. Within this setting, and as both designers and tutors in blended PBL, it is important to seek best practices for how to combine instructional strategies in face-to-face and computer-mediated environments that take advantage of the strengths of each and avoid their weaknesses. A qualitative study of the lived experiences of 17 academic staff participants in a blended problem-based learning module was considered likely to provide a much-needed analysis of current thinking and practice on the potential of interaction in this form of professional academic development in higher education. Specific aspects of interaction (technical, peer, content and the learning experience) within blended problem-based learning tutorials are analysed to provides research-based information about the realities of delivering a PBL programme using technology. The study argues that the intersection of PBL and learning technologies can offer different ways of teaching and learning that require exploration and reflection of pedagogy and technology as in integrated approach that must work effectively together. The synergy from the collaborative blended PBL approach in this module could result in the coherent and comprehensive provision of training, support and research work throughout higher education institutions.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Context3. Literature review4. Research study5. Discussion of findings5.1. Harmonization in blended PBL interactions。
